For most new apartment buildings, the Owners Corporation starts life with little more than a bank account and the first quarterly strata levies.

At <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/9-gay-street-castle-hill-9-gay-street-castle-hill-nsw-2154">9 Gay Street</a> in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/castle-hill-nsw-2154">Castle Hill</a>, it starts with around $7 million in reserve.

It's an unusual legacy of what was once one of Sydney's highest-profile apartment remediation projects. When the development, originally known as Skyview and built by disgraced developer Top Place, came under scrutiny by then NSW Building Commissioner David Chandler, an $11 million remediation bond was negotiated to ensure any building defects could be fully rectified.

The building underwent an 18-month remediation program, during which around $4 million of that bond was spent bringing the building up to the standard it should have been in from the outset.

After extensive inspections, all active rectification orders have been lifted. What's more, around $7.2 million remains secured for the Owners Corporation for the next 15 years.

In a twist few would have predicted, what began as a significant concern for purchasers has left the building with something almost unheard of in the apartment market: a multi-million-dollar financial reserve from day one.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=147685 project_image_fid=359136]

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/project-marketer/equitifund-group">Equitifund</a> Executive Chairman Greg Huxley said the structure offers buyers a level of certainty that is difficult to replicate.

"The $11 million bond established for the Skyview Castle Hill development represents exceptional value, providing genuine financial security for purchasers," Huxley said.

"Unlike a standard insurance policy, this bond consists of real funds held in trust for the Owners Corporation, offering a tangible layer of protection and added peace of mind."

The apartments themselves have been designed with a focus on practical, contemporary living. Interiors feature Smeg appliances, stone benchtops, tiled living areas, carpeted bedrooms, 2.7-metre ceilings, floor-to-ceiling glazing, and ducted heating and cooling throughout.

Residents also have access to a range of shared amenities, including two rooftop barbecue areas, a swimming pool, children's playgrounds, secure building access, storage cages, and visitor parking.

The location continues to be one of the project's strongest drawcards. Castle Hill Metro Station sits virtually on the doorstep, providing direct connections across Sydney's expanding Metro network, while Castle Towers offers extensive retail, dining, entertainment, and service amenities within walking distance.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=147685 project_image_fid=359127]

The building, now named after its location at 9 Gay Street, comprises a diverse mix of one-, two-, and three-bedroom apartments starting from just under $600,000.

Equitifund National Sales Director Ben Hamblett said demand in the Hills District continues to be driven by buyers seeking convenience and connectivity.

"Interest from both owner-occupiers and investors in Castle Hill remains exceptionally strong, with buyers consistently prioritising developments in close proximity to the Metro station and Castle Towers Shopping Centre," Hamblett said.

"There is a clear trend in the market, with purchasers seeking convenient access to transport and lifestyle amenities that support a seamless, low-maintenance way of living."

On top of the long-term protection afforded by the remaining $7.2 million bond, Equitifund is offering a limited-time stamp duty rebate on selected apartments.

Eligible purchasers can also secure finance options, including a 3.99 per cent two-year variable rate, loan-to-value ratios of up to 90 per cent, and interest-only lending options through EquitiCredit.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=147685]

Joel Robinson

Why this Castle Hill apartment building starts with a $7 million advantage

For much of the past few years, conversations about Australia's property market have centred on the rapid growth seen in Sydney, Brisbane, Gold Coast, and Perth. <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/melbourne-vic-3004">Melbourne</a> has followed a different trajectory.

That relative underperformance is now encouraging some buyers to reassess the city, particularly those willing to look beyond short-term market movements and focus on quality property in established locations, along with the long-term growth prospects of a city expected to overtake Sydney as Australia’s most populous.

John Bekiaris, Research &amp; Market Insights at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/project-marketer/equitifund-group">Projects by Equitifund</a>, said Melbourne's current position is attracting increasingly sophisticated purchasers.

"Melbourne continues to present one of Australia's strongest long-term investment stories," Bekiaris says.

"While other capital cities have experienced stronger recent growth, that relative underperformance is exactly what's attracting sophisticated counter-cyclical investors."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=1979 project_image_fid=363268]

Equitifund isn't just commenting on Melbourne's property market, it's investing in it.

The Sydney-headquartered capital partner has taken over the remaining apartments at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/victoriana-melbourne-20-queens-road-melbourne-vic-3004">Victoriana</a>, the recently completed glass-encased development opposite Albert Park Lake in Melbourne's tightly held St Kilda Road precinct.

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/rothelowman">Rothelowman</a> and built by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/builders/hickory">Hickory</a>, Victoriana places residents between one of Melbourne's most recognised parklands and the CBD, offering oversized two and three-bedroom apartments aimed at owner-occupiers seeking a genuine alternative to a traditional family home.

The development comprises 232 completed residences alongside a suite of resident amenities, including a 25-metre indoor swimming pool, gymnasium, landscaped entertaining areas, resident lounges, EV charging, secure basement parking and a concierge-style arrival experience.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=1979 project_image_fid=363229]

The apartments have been designed with owner-occupiers firmly in mind.&nbsp;Open-plan living and dining areas flow onto generous balconies framing views across Albert Park Lake, Fawkner Park, the Royal Botanic Gardens and the Melbourne skyline.

Kitchens feature Gaggenau appliances, stone benchtops and generous preparation space. Bedrooms include built-in robes, while bathrooms feature full-height textured tiling. Hardwood flooring and ducted air conditioning complete residences designed for long-term living.

Rothelowman's architecture takes its cues from the landscape opposite the site. Sweeping horizontal glazing references the movement of Albert Park Lake, while generous balconies and expansive glazing strengthen the connection between the apartments and the surrounding parklands. The result is a building designed to deliver the scale and amenity expected of luxury apartment living, while offering the larger floorplans increasingly sought by owner-occupiers.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=1979 project_image_fid=363284]

The location is one of Victoriana's defining characteristics. Positioned on Queens Road, residents are directly opposite Albert Park Lake and within easy reach of Fawkner Park, the Royal Botanic Gardens, South Melbourne, St Kilda Road and the CBD. With few comparable development opportunities remaining in the precinct, buyers are increasingly placing value on outlooks that are unlikely to be interrupted by future construction.

Greg Huxley, Founder of Equitifund, believes those qualities become even more valuable over time.

"Premium real estate has always rewarded buyers who take a long-term view," Huxley said.

"Victoriana represents the kind of asset that's increasingly difficult to recreate today, particularly in an established location like Queens Road."

He said rising construction costs are also changing the way buyers assess completed developments.

"When you combine an irreplaceable location with thoughtful architecture and premium finishes, you create something that becomes increasingly difficult to reproduce as construction costs continue to rise."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=1979 project_image_fid=363228]

According to National Sales Director Ben Hamblett, enquiry has been driven largely by Melbourne downsizers and buyers upgrading from smaller apartments.

"Interest in Victoriana continues to build, with strong buyer focus on the larger owner-occupier residences within the development," Hamblett says.

"Enquiry is increasingly driven by local buyers who recognise the rarity of what's on offer: park-facing apartments in an established neighbourhood where new development opportunities are becoming increasingly scarce. At Victoriana, the view is not just a feature; it's an appreciating asset in its own right."

He said interstate enquiry has also strengthened as buyers reassess Melbourne's position within the national property cycle.

"Melbourne currently stands as the most compelling entry point of any major Australian capital, and discerning buyers are beginning to recognise what those who move early always understand: the best opportunities are taken before the price rise confirms them."

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=1979]

Why now is the time to buy in Melbourne's premium apartment market

Developers and apartment buyers have a narrowing window of opportunity before Brisbane's Olympic infrastructure pipeline begins competing directly with residential construction, pushing up costs, tightening labour supply and making new projects increasingly difficult to deliver.

While Brisbane's apartment market continues to benefit from strong population growth and limited housing supply, industry research suggests the years leading up to 2027 could prove to be the most important period for developers looking to secure builders and buyers hoping to purchase before the next wave of price increases.

A new Colliers report, Brisbane 2032 Olympic and Paralympic Games: Creating Solutions, highlights the scale of the challenge. While thousands of new homes are planned across South East Queensland, the Brisbane Olympic Athletes Village alone will deliver more than 10,500 beds during the Games before being converted into around 1,750 to 2,000 apartments. Equivalent to almost two years of typical inner-city apartment supply, the project will also absorb a significant share of the construction workforce and building materials.

The broader construction pipeline paints an even clearer picture.

Construction Skills Queensland's Horizon 2032 report forecasts Queensland's annual construction pipeline will average $69 billion over the coming years before peaking at $75 billion in 2027-28. Demand for construction workers is expected to increase by 17 per cent to almost 150,000 people, with the industry facing an annual shortfall of around 19,000 workers that could blow out to as many as 35,000 during the peak construction period.

The Olympic venues, athletes village and supporting infrastructure will account for billions of dollars worth of work across South East Queensland through to 2032, creating intense competition for labour at a time when Australia's residential construction sector is already under pressure.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150489 project_image_fid=373834]

Colliers Queensland Residential Director Andrew Scriven said the convergence of these projects is creating a clear window of opportunity for both developers and buyers.

"From 2027 onwards, the market will shift dramatically," Scriven said.

"Labour will increasingly be locked into government-led infrastructure and Olympic projects, which means private residential developments will face higher costs and tighter margins. The developers who move now are the ones most likely to get projects off the ground."

Scriven said the same dynamic would also affect buyers, with fewer apartment projects expected to launch once construction capacity tightens.

"If you're looking to change your lifestyle over the next five years, now is your window of opportunity to buy."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150713 project_image_fid=373827]

Developers are already positioning themselves ahead of that window.

Following the success of Monarch at Toowong, Consolidated Properties is preparing to launch two new Brisbane apartment projects in the second half of 2026. They include <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/gloriette-30-bedivere-street-yeerongpilly-qld-4105">Gloriette</a> at Yeerongpilly Green, a 25-storey tower within one of Brisbane's key Olympic precincts, and <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/castile-47-skyring-terrace-newstead-qld-4006">Castile</a>, a recently approved 25-storey riverfront development at 47 Skyring Terrace in Newstead.

Hutchinson Builders will deliver both projects, with early works already underway at Yeerongpilly and Newstead expected to commence later this year.

The timing comes as Brisbane's fundamentals continue to strengthen, with strong interstate migration, population growth and vacancy rates remaining below 1.5 per cent.

Colliers Queensland researcher Pragya Sharma said Greater Brisbane is forecast to require around 40,000 new apartments between 2021 and 2031.

"There's a real mismatch emerging between when housing is needed and when it will be feasible to build," Sharma said.

"As a result, the period leading up to 2027 presents a key window of opportunity for developers to secure approvals, funding and construction capacity, while buyers will have greater choice before supply constraints intensify."

Colliers research outlines a critical pre-2027 window to start residential projects before labour squeeze: now is the time to buy

Developers, buyers on watch in South East Queensland ahead of construction crunch: Colliers

It's taken less than nine months for developer Sherpa Property Group to sell out all 51 apartments in its <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/flourish-oasis-palm-beach-7-9-sixth-avenue-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Oasis</a> development in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/palm-beach-qld-4221">Palm Beach</a>, over a year before its anticipated completion.

&nbsp;

Located at 7-9 Sixth Avenue, the $67 million development has resonated strongly with both local owner-occupiers and downsizers seeking high-quality apartments within walking distance of the beach, dining precincts and everyday amenities.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=151449 project_image_fid=357458]

Christie Leet, Founder of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/sherpa-property-group">Sherpa Group</a>, said the sell-out reflected both the strength of the Palm Beach market and the success of Sherpa's community-first approach to development.

"The sell-out of Oasis is a fantastic outcome and reinforces the strong demand we're seeing for thoughtfully designed apartments in lifestyle locations," Leet said.

"From the outset, our vision was to create a development that genuinely enhanced the Palm Beach community while providing residents with exceptional homes and wellness-focused amenities.

"We've been incredibly encouraged by the level of local support throughout the campaign, 72.5 per cent of buyers are locals, with a significant proportion of purchasers choosing Oasis as their future home rather than an investment."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=151449 project_image_fid=357463]

Construction is now progressing following development approval, with trusted builder LPS Group delivering the project and completion anticipated in Q3 2027.

Oasis forms part of Sherpa Group's successful Flourish collection, which has become recognised for its focus on wellness, community and elevated coastal living.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=151449 project_image_fid=357469]

Residents will have private access to a rooftop amenity space featuring a pool, gym, sauna, steam room, hot and cold plunge pools, spa and barbecue facilities.

"The success of Oasis demonstrates that buyers continue to prioritise quality, location and lifestyle," Leet said.

"We are proud to have delivered a project that has resonated so strongly with the market and look forward to bringing Oasis to life for our future residents."

Sherpa recently launched <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/flourish-soleira-palm-beach-1150-1160-gold-coast-highway-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Soleira</a>, its third instalment of the Flourish brand in Palm Beach following Flourish Oasis and <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/amargo-6-12-sixth-avenue-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Amargo</a>.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=151449]

Sherpa sells out Flourish Oasis in booming Palm Beach

Urban Property Group's <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/la-vera-macquarie-park-94-talavera-road-macquarie-park-nsw-2113">La Vera</a> is leading the next phase of Macquarie Park's residential evolution, with the new apartment development set to become the first of several new apartment projects in the precinct to complete.

The 169-apartment building has now topped out ahead of its scheduled completion in the third quarter of 2026, as new residential investment continues to reshape one of Sydney's largest employment hubs into a true mixed-use precinct.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134951 project_image_fid=368645]

Cox Architecture has designed La Vera to capture the best of its unique positioning on Talavera Road, orienting the building towards Lane Cove National Park.&nbsp;The building features a sculpted northern façade with flowing curves inspired by the surrounding landscape, while its city-facing elevation adopts a more structured architectural expression to maximise skyline views.

"The vision for the project was to conceive a building that adopted an organic and curvilinear form to the northern portion that faces the Lane Cove National Park," <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/cox-architecture">Cox Architecture</a> Director Felipe Miranda said.

"The residents that reside in the northern portion of the building benefit by having beautifully crafted curved balconies that speak to the natural context and heighten the relationship of their internal living spaces to the external balconies."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134951 project_image_fid=358802]

La Vera offers a diverse mix of one, two, three, and four-bedroom configurations, with prices currently starting from $740,000. Buyers so far have been a mix of Sydney-based investors,&nbsp;metro commuters, owner-occupiers and downsizers from surrounding North Shore suburbs.

Both investors and owner-occupiers have been drawn to La Vera's proximity to Macquarie University, Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Centre and the Sydney Metro, infrastructure that supports both strong rental demand and a convenient lifestyle for residents.

The apartments feature full-height glazing, timber flooring throughout living areas, stone kitchen benchtops, SMEG appliances, floor-to-ceiling bathroom tiling and ducted air conditioning.

Residents will have access to a rooftop recreation level featuring a swimming pool, sauna, barbecue facilities and landscaped relaxation areas, complemented by additional communal space at ground level. Many apartments enjoy uninterrupted views across Lane Cove National Park, reinforcing the project's connection to its natural setting.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134951 project_image_fid=364551]

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/urban-property-group">Urban Property Group</a>, a family-owned developer and builder with nearly four decades of experience, holds a 4.5-star iCIRT rating and was Australia's first developer to introduce 10-Year Latent Defects Insurance (LDI). La Vera is the first apartment development in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/macquarie-park-nsw-2113">Macquarie Park</a> approved to offer the additional insurance protection, alongside a five-year warranty on SMEG appliances.

Urban Property Group CEO Patrick Elias said the additional protection reflects changing buyer expectations in the off the plan market.

"Consumers are a lot more weary and a lot more concerned in buying off the plan than they ever have been. Having LDI is a tool to portray the confidence that we have in our product, and a confidence we want buyers to share," Elias said.

Following completion of the building later this year, buyers will move into their apartments well before Christmas.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=134951]

La Vera closes in on completion as Macquarie Park continues residential transformation

Sydney’s property market is known for high prices, competitive bidding, and mounting pressure on first home buyers. But change is on the horizon.

From late 2025, eligible first home buyers in New South Wales will have access to a new federal government initiative aimed at addressing affordability: the Help to Buy Scheme.&nbsp;

<h2>What is the Help to Buy Scheme?</h2>

The program introduces a shared equity model intended to reduce the upfront cost of entering the property market, particularly in high-demand urban areas such as Sydney.

The scheme operates under a shared ownership structure in which the federal government takes an equity stake of up to 40 per cent for new homes, or 30 per cent for existing dwellings. This arrangement allows eligible buyers to significantly reduce their loan size and avoid the added cost of Lenders Mortgage Insurance (LMI).

Under this model, purchasers can enter the property market with as little as a two per cent deposit, well below the traditional 10 to 20 per cent usually required. The government’s contribution is not a loan but a co-ownership stake in the property. As such, there is no interest or rent charged on its portion.

Because the government’s equity combined with the buyer’s deposit typically meets or exceeds the 20 per cent threshold, LMI does not apply. The remaining balance, generally between 60 and 70 per cent of the property’s value, is financed through a standard home loan with a participating lender.

The government's equity in the property remains in place until the buyer chooses to repay it voluntarily or until the property is sold. Buyers can buy back the government’s share over time, in increments of at least five per cent, depending on their financial situation.

There is no fixed repayment timeline, but the amount to be repaid will be based on the property's market value at the time of repayment, not the original purchase price.

<h2>How do you qualify for the&nbsp;Help to Buy Scheme?</h2>

To qualify for the Help to Buy Scheme, applicants must meet the following conditions:

<ul>
	<li>Be an Australian citizen at least 18 years of age.</li>
	<li>Be a first-home buyer who does not currently own property.</li>
	<li>Intend to live in the property as their primary residence.</li>
	<li>Earn less than $100,000 per year for individuals, or $160,000 for couples.</li>
	<li>Purchase a property within the regional price caps, currently $950,000 in Sydney, though this is expected to rise to approximately $1.3 million ahead of the program’s launch.</li>
</ul>

While the Help to Buy Scheme does not solve affordability challenges across the board, it does offer a more accessible pathway for a defined segment of the market, particularly younger buyers with moderate incomes who have been priced out of traditional lending routes.

The scheme is expected to commence in NSW in late 2025, as part of a national rollout.

Under the new model, purchasers can enter the property market with as little as a two per cent deposit, well below the traditional 10 to 20 per cent usually required

Help to Buy Scheme: What first home buyers in NSW need to know

The First Home Owners Grant (FHOG) is a government initiative designed to help eligible first-time home buyers by offering financial assistance towards the purchase or construction of a new home.

While the FHOG is a nationwide program, it is administered separately by each state and territory, meaning the eligibility criteria, grant amounts, and property requirements can vary depending on your location. This means that the amount available and the conditions attached to the grant will differ, so it is important to check the specific guidelines for your state or territory.

It’s important to note that the FHOG is just one of several incentives available to first home buyers. In most states and territories, the grant is not linked to stamp duty exemptions or concessions, with the exception of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The FHOG is typically a one-off payment, reducing the overall cost of purchasing or building a new home before any stamp duty concessions are applied.

Below, we provide a breakdown of the First Home Owner Grants available across Australia, outlining the specific details for each state and territory.

<h2>New South Wales First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Offers a $10,000 grant for new homes valued up to $600,000. For land purchases and owner-builders, the threshold extends to $750,000.

Stamp Duty Benefits: Provides full stamp duty exemption for homes valued up to $800,000, with concessions available for properties up to $1 million.

<h2>Victoria South Wales First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Provides a $10,000 grant for first-home buyers purchasing or building new homes valued up to $750,000.

Stamp Duty Benefits: Offers full stamp duty exemption for properties up to $600,000, with concessions available up to $750,000.

<h2>Queensland First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Offers $30,000 for contracts signed between 20 November 2023 and 30 June 2025. The FHOG applies to new homes valued up to $750,000.

Stamp Duty Concessions: Provides additional concessions for properties valued up to $800,000.

<h2>Western Australia First Home Owner Grant</h2>

&nbsp;

First Home Owner Grant: Offers a $10,000 grant for new homes valued up to $750,000 in the southern regions and up to $1 million in the northern regions.

Stamp Duty Concessions: Available for homes valued up to $600,000 for transactions entered into on or after 9 May 2024.

<h2>Australian Capital Territory First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Replaced by the Home Buyer Concession Scheme, offering full stamp duty concessions for eligible buyers.

<h2>South Australia First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Provides up to $15,000 for new homes, including houses, apartments, and townhouses. As of 6 June 2024, there is no property value cap for eligibility.

Stamp Duty Relief: Available for new homes and vacant land purchases.

<h2>Tasmania First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Offers a $10,000 grant for new homes and off the plan purchases.

Stamp Duty Exemption: Between 18 February 2024 and 30 June 2026, first home buyers of established homes valued up to $750,000 receive a full exemption on property transfer duty.

<h2>Northern Territory First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: The Northern Territory provides a $10,000 grant for new homes only. Additional government grants and concessions are available for first home buyers.

Stamp Duty Exemption: The only stamp duty exemption available to property buyers is the House and Land Package Exemption (HLPE).

Eligibility criteria and application processes differ across states. Prospective buyers should refer to their respective state revenue offices for full details on grant availability, conditions, and additional concessions.

Every First Home Owner Grant for new property by state

In the ever-evolving landscape of sustainable architecture and environmentally conscious design, systems and ratings in place can help determine the energy efficiency of residential buildings in Australia.

Australia has multiple building rating systems that evaluate energy efficiency and sustainability in existing and new building designs.

Some systems assess individual building components, while others provide an overall rating for the entire structure.

A rating system ensures that homes are comfortable and energy-efficient, whether you are buying, renovating, or building.

NatHERS (Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme) is a common way for new homes to meet energy efficiency requirements.

As new developments continue to shape the urban environment, understanding NatHERS ratings becomes essential for developers and homeowners. This article delves into the concept of NatHERS ratings, their significance, and how they contribute to creating energy-efficient homes.

<h2>What is NatHERS?</h2>

NatHERS is a national initiative implemented by the Australian government to promote energy efficiency in residential buildings. The scheme aims to provide a standardised method for assessing the thermal performance of homes, considering factors such as insulation, orientation, ventilation, and building materials.&nbsp;

NatHERS ratings are the most common way new homes meet the National Construction Code's (NCC's) minimum energy efficiency requirements.&nbsp;

NatHERS assessments provide thermal and whole-home ratings for new homes, townhouses, and apartments.

The rating helps evaluate the energy performance of buildings, guides homeowners and developers to make informed decisions about the energy efficiency of their properties, and encourages the construction of more sustainable, comfortable, and cost-effective homes.

<h2>How NatHERS Ratings Work</h2>

NatHERS ratings are determined through four accredited software tools (AccuRate, BERS Pro, FirstRate5, HERO) using a calculation engine CSIRO developed to predict building temperature based on various factors.

The tools can model complex effects of building mass, insulation, window size, and other elements.

The outcome is a star rating that reflects the building's overall thermal efficiency, indicating how well it can maintain a comfortable indoor temperature without excessive reliance on heating or cooling systems.

The star rating scale ranges from 0 to 10, with a 6-star rating being the minimum requirement for compliance with the National Construction Code (NCC).&nbsp;

Achieving a higher star rating demonstrates a commitment to energy efficiency and sustainability, as the building is better equipped to minimise its environmental impact and reduce long-term energy costs.

Anyone can use NatHERS tools, but accredited assessors can provide certified ratings and professional advice.

<h2>Benefits of Higher NatHERS Ratings</h2>

Energy Efficiency: Buildings with higher NatHERS ratings are more energy-efficient, requiring less heating and cooling energy. This reduces the structure's carbon footprint and lowers occupants' energy bills.

Cost Savings: Homes with higher NatHERS ratings are generally more energy-efficient, resulting in reduced energy consumption for heating and cooling. This translates to lower energy bills for homeowners, making sustainable living environmentally friendly and economically viable in the long run.

Environmental Impact: Lower energy consumption directly translates to a reduced environmental impact. Buildings with higher NatHERS ratings contribute to the overall goal of mitigating climate change by lowering greenhouse gas emissions associated with heating and cooling systems.

Improved Comfort: Buildings with high NatHERS ratings offer better thermal comfort to occupants. Proper insulation, well-designed ventilation, and optimal orientation maintain a consistent and comfortable indoor temperature, providing occupants with a more enjoyable and healthier space.

Market Value and Desirability: Higher NatHERS ratings can enhance the market value of a property. As energy efficiency becomes a more significant consideration for homebuyers, a well-rated building may attract a premium price and stand out in the real estate market.

Compliance with Building Codes: NatHERS ratings are a vital component of the National Construction Code (NCC), and compliance with these ratings is often a mandatory requirement for new developments. Local councils and planning authorities may set minimum energy efficiency standards that must be met to obtain development approval.

The Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme (NatHERS) is a crucial initiative shaping the future of energy-efficient, resilient, and cost-effective homes. With its recent upgrades, NatHERS has evolved into a world-leading tool for the building sector, supporting the global commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.

Staff Writer

What is a NatHERS rating in new off the plan apartment developments?

Mixed-use developments have gained significant popularity across Australia in recent years due to their unique blend of residential, commercial, and recreational spaces.

Unlike traditional single-purpose developments, mixed-use projects offer a harmonious integration of various functions within a single locale.

Residential units seamlessly coexist with commercial establishments, retail outlets, dining venues, entertainment hubs, and recreational facilities, with the combination not only enhances convenience but also fosters a vibrant lifestyle and a sense of community.

<h3>Convenience and accessibility</h3>

Mixed-use developments are designed with convenience in mind. They often integrate residential units with commercial spaces, retail outlets, restaurants, and recreational facilities, creating a self-contained community.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=114215 project_image_fid=204874]

The proximity allows residents to enjoy the convenience of having essential amenities and services within walking distance. Whether it's grabbing a cup of coffee, going grocery shopping, or accessing healthcare services, everything is conveniently located, saving residents time and effort.

<h3>Vibrant lifestyle and community</h3>

One of the major advantages of mixed-use developments is the vibrant lifestyle they offer. With a diverse range of amenities and communal spaces, residents have ample opportunities to interact, socialise, and build a sense of community.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=107714 project_image_fid=214122]

The presence of parks, community centres, and shared spaces fosters a lively atmosphere, encouraging residents to engage in various activities and events. The vibrant lifestyle within these developments creates a unique sense of belonging and camaraderie among the residents.

<h3>Potential for higher rental yields and property value appreciation</h3>

Mixed-use developments tend to attract a broad range of tenants and buyers due to their versatile nature. This high demand can result in higher rental yields for investors and potentially lead to property value appreciation over time.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=139989 project_image_fid=212887]

The integration of commercial and retail spaces attracts businesses, which can provide a stable rental income stream. Additionally, the popularity of mixed-use developments often drives up property values, making them a potentially lucrative investment in the long term.

<h3>Enhanced security and maintenance</h3>

Mixed-use developments typically have comprehensive security measures in place. With controlled access points, CCTV surveillance, and professional security staff, residents can enjoy enhanced safety and peace of mind.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=108019 project_image_fid=212658]

Additionally, these developments often have dedicated maintenance teams responsible for the upkeep of common areas, landscaping, and infrastructure. This ensures that the overall appearance and functionality of the development are well-maintained, creating a pleasant living environment for residents.

<h3>Live-work-play balance</h3>

One of the key attractions of mixed-use developments is the ability to achieve a desirable live-work-play balance. The integration of residential and commercial spaces allows residents to live closer to their workplaces, reducing commuting time and improving work-life balance.

The proximity to various amenities and recreational facilities encourages an active and healthy lifestyle. Residents can easily access fitness centres, parks, restaurants, and entertainment options, all within the same development, leading to a more fulfilling and convenient way of life.

alisonwarters@gmail.com

The top five reasons to buy in a mixed-use development

When buying a property, everyone needs to be aware of the additional costs that come as part of the buying process.

Often the largest outlay, after the deposit which goes to the bank, is stamp duty.

<h2 style="line-height: 1.38;">What is Stamp Duty?</h2>

Stamp duty is an extra tax to pay the government when you buy land, a property, and other certain assets.

It happens when the legal ownership is transferred. It can also be known as property transfer duty or transfer duty.

<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="415" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/C32BWkB5--c" title="YouTube video player" width="660"></iframe>

<h2>Who pays Stamp Duty?</h2>

In some circumstances, you may get an exemption. For some states, you won’t have to pay for stamp duty if you are a first home buyer or a pensioner for houses under a particular price. There are also stamp duty concessions, where you may be entitled to a discount.

<h2>How much does Stamp Duty cost?</h2>

Each state has different rules which affect how much you need to pay. These rules can affect the rate you pay, and the timeframe you will need to pay in. Before you buy land or a property, make sure you check the up-to-date information for your state’s stamp duty.

You can use a free stamp duty calculator online to see approximately how much you’ll need to pay. Find out if you’re eligible for an exemption by enquiring on a project via Urban!

Overall, the stamp duty you need to pay will depend on:

<ul>
	<li aria-level="1">How much your land/property is worth</li>
	<li aria-level="1">Where your land/property is located</li>
	<li aria-level="1">What type of land/property it is</li>
</ul>

Want to find out more? <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@UrbanAustralia?utm_source=YouTube&amp;utm_medium=Video&amp;utm_campaign=Subscribe&amp;utm_id=Subscribe">Subscribe to our YouTube channel</a> for more property videos.

Ellen Walker

Off-the-plan property explained: What is stamp duty?

For the first time in a long time, Australia's inflation story is starting to look more like a landing than a fight.

The latest Consumer Price Index figures from the Australian Bureau of Statistics showed annual inflation eased to four per cent in May, down from 4.2 per cent in April. On the surface, that might not seem like a major move. Inflation remains above the Reserve Bank's target range and some categories continue to record stubborn price growth.

But the significance of this result lies less in where inflation sits today and more in what it means for where interest rates are likely heading next.

The biggest takeaway is that inflation continues to move in the right direction.

Markets had been bracing for another sticky result after a period where progress appeared to stall. Instead, headline inflation came in softer than expected, helped by falling fuel prices and easing transport costs. Annual transport inflation halved from 6.6 per cent in April to 3.3 per cent in May, while automotive fuel prices fell 11.9 per cent during the month following lower oil prices and the impact of reduced fuel excise measures.

While petrol prices don't solve Australia's affordability challenges, they are one of the most visible and immediate costs for consumers. Falling fuel costs feed through the economy quickly, helping ease pressure on household budgets and business operating expenses.

The ABS data also showed headline inflation is now sitting at its lowest annual level in several months, reinforcing the broader trend that price growth is gradually moderating.

That trend is important because it aligns with what many economists and lenders have been saying for the last month.

Prior to this week's inflation data, ANZ, NAB and Commonwealth Bank had all shifted their forecasts, now believing the Reserve Bank had likely reached the peak of the interest rate cycle. Following the May inflation release, ANZ reaffirmed that view.

In its latest economic update, ANZ said it expects quarterly trimmed mean inflation to come in at 3.7 per cent for the June quarter, slightly below the Reserve Bank's forecast of 3.8 per cent. Importantly, the bank said that outcome, when combined with slowing economic activity, "supports our view that the cash rate has peaked".

The Reserve Bank has spent the better part of three years attempting to bring inflation under control through higher interest rates. If Australia's major banks are correct and rates have now peaked, the conversation shifts from how much higher rates could go to when they might begin coming down.

Westpac's caution comes from underlying inflation. The trimmed mean, the measure most closely watched by the Reserve Bank, increased from 3.4 per cent to 3.6 per cent annually. Housing inflation remains elevated at 6.5 per cent, reflecting ongoing increases in rents, electricity costs and new dwelling construction.

Electricity prices remain particularly problematic, rising 21.1 per cent over the past year following the removal of government rebates.

Housing construction costs are also showing signs of renewed pressure. ANZ noted new dwelling costs rose 0.9 per cent in May and are now running at an annualised pace of 8.6 per cent over the past three months. Builders continue to face higher labour, fuel and material costs, a reminder that inflationary pressures have not completely disappeared.

Housing affordability has deteriorated largely because of higher interest rates rather than higher property prices alone. Even modest reductions in mortgage rates would improve borrowing capacity, increase buyer confidence and reduce repayment pressure on existing homeowners.

While August is far from a certainty, the latest inflation result has strengthened the view that the next move in rates is more likely to be down than up. For borrowers, buyers and the development sector, that alone represents a significant shift from the conversation that dominated much of the past two years.

The inflation result the property market was waiting for

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Port Arthur Villas, a set of self-contained getaway units near Hobart, has recently sold for an undisclosed sum.
The freehold property, located opposite the Port Arthur Historic Site, went to the market with price expectations of $1,45 million.
The <a href="https://www.realcommercial.com.au/property-hotel+leisure-tas-port+arthur-5337846" target="_blank">complex</a> includes a residence, reception and laundry building, nine four star units in three separate blocks, tractor shed, barbecue shelter and surplus development land all set amongst landscaped gardens and lawn on 1.2 hectares.
The target price was split as $450,000 for the residence and $1,000,000 for the nine units. It last traded for $300,000 in 2006, according to RP Data.
The property was built from 1987 to 1989 and the units were upgraded in 2006 for more than $100,000. They have a private sewerage system, town water, plus a large dam fed by a running creek.
The residence spans two-storeys and has three bedrooms and a private courtyard.
The property is only a five-minute walk to the historic site. Previous DA approval was received for adding six more villa units.
World heritage-listed Port Arthur Historic Site is among the most significant convict era sites in Australia and worldwide. Port Arthur attracts more than 250,000 visitors a year.
The vendor wanted to sell as he is retiring.
The selling agent was Knight Frank's John Blacklow.
<img src="/images/2016/11/21/PortArthur1.png" alt="">
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prateek24-ezbwHMbNAk

Self-contained villas near historic Port Arthur site sells

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A site earning more than $300,000 in Sydney's St Peters with potential for apartments and commercial uses was recently sold through Taylor Nicholas. The price was not disclosed.
Zoned B7 business park, the <a href="https://www.realcommercial.com.au/property-land+development-nsw-st+peters-502130666" target="_blank">2-22 Hutchinson St &amp; 27-33 Applebee St, St Peters, NSW 2044</a> has a land area of 2623 sqm.
It has two street frontages and seven factories and the current income is $314,511.49 pa.
Located within St Peters Triangle Precinct 25, the site is close to St Peters station and shops. 
Pre-development approval plans have been lodged for two buildings of three and five storeys, subject to council approval.
There is a potential for five commercial units, four home offices and 46 apartments in a mix of one, two and three bedrooms.
The selling agent was Nick Spasevski.
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Site in Sydney's St Peters with plans for mixed use sells

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Melbourne's Tavistock House in the middle of the CBD has been sold at auction for $7.9 million.
The iconic triple-storey corner freehold building at <a href="https://www.realcommercial.com.au/property-retail-vic-melbourne-502136982" target="_blank">383-387 Flinders Lane</a> comprises a 442 sqm land parcel and over 42 metre triple street frontage.
It's surrounded by major corporate headquarters, Melbourne’s finest restaurants, luxury retail, high end hotels and entertainment as well as all forms of public transport.
It was offered with up to 12 months settlement and has traded for the first time in over two decades. It last sold for $600,000 in 1993.
It comes part leased to established tenants.
Colliers International handled the sale with <a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/BM8YKO8BslB/?taken-by=cooleyauctions" target="_blank">Cooley Auctions handling the onsite auction</a>.
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j.ballantyne1990-6AQqhLzZaK

Tavistock House in the Melbourne CBD sells for $7.9 million

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After only one week on the market, Lantern Hotels has sold its top gaming hotel, the Five Dock in Sydney's inner-west.
The sale of the Five Dock, by Ray White hotel broker Andrew Jolliffe secured $28.75 million.
It represents a 38 percent premium to the 30 June 2016 book value.
Other notable Lantern Hotels sales - some 12 have been sold - have included Sydney’s El Toro at $24 million and Uncle Bucks in Mt Druitt for $25.3 million.
Jolliffe believes the Five Dock Hotel was brought about because of the quality of the property.
"In effect, the market had been anticipating the sale of this prominent hospitality asset for some time; and the interest generated from the beginning of the sale campaign was commensurately strong" advised Jolliffe.
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/HERO%20Aerial.jpg" alt="">
The Five Dock Hotel has performed very well since the recent introduction by Lantern Hotels of some modest capital, and I wholly expect the successful purchaser to unlock the inherent value so patently available with the benefit of time" Jolliffe added.
The Australian suggested former Wallaby Bill Young, whose family business includes the Hotel Concord, The Wiseman’s Ferry Hotel and The Palace Hotel, Mortlake, purchased the Five Dock ­property.
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Five Dock gaming hotel sold after one week on the market

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GUEST OBSERVER
Australia has a new “two-speed” economy that comprises: (i) NSW and Victoria (driven largely by Sydney and Melbourne); and (ii) the rest of Australia.
The size and relative strength of the NSW and Victorian economies means that economic data presented at the national level is masking weakness throughout the rest of Australia.
Economic activity in NSW and Victoria, along with strong dwelling price growth in Sydney and Melbourne, is likely to see the RBA sit on the sidelines. But the rest of Australia could probably do with more policy easing. 
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.22.22%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.22.22%20AM.png" alt="">
During the mining investment boom it was fashionable to talk about Australia’s “two- speed” economy. Surging commodity prices drove a spectacular lift in activity in the resources sector that sent the WA, QLD and NT economies into full blown growth mode.
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.23.31%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.23.31%20AM.png" alt="">
Meanwhile, relatively high interest rates (compared to other advanced economies) and a strong AUD weighed heavily on the rest of Australia. As such, the term “two-speed” was coined to characterise the Australian economy. 
Fast forward some six years and Australia yet again finds itself with a “two-speed” economy. But this time it’s NSW and Victoria that are driving demand and employment growth while the rest of Australia is feeling the pinch (chart 1). In fact, it’s largely Sydney and Melbourne propping up national outcomes.
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.24.46%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.24.46%20AM.png" alt="">
Capacity utilisation is high in Australia’s two largest cities and demand growth is strong, courtesy of incredibly low interest rates. As a result, the NSW and Victorian economies have performed much better than the rest of Australia. 
The big influence that NSW and Victoria have on the national figures means that pretty soft conditions throughout the rest of Australia have flown under the radar. In fact, economic outcomes in most regions of Australia are probably weaker than the national figures are suggesting unless you’re in Sydney or Melbourne. There are some exceptions, notably the ACT, but the generalisation holds for most places. 
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.25.47%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.25.47%20AM.png" alt="">
In this note we look at how the Australian economy is faring on the new “two-speed” basis. We slice the economy into two pieces – (i) NSW &amp; Victoria (termed VicNSW); and (ii) the rest of Australia (termed ROA). For dwelling prices that are published on a capital city basis we split the data between Sydney &amp; Melbourne (SydMel) and the remaining capital cities (ROA). Basically we are trying gauge how the rest of the Australian economy is going when you strip out NSW and Victoria (or Sydney and Melbourne). Of course, it can be argued that if you exclude the strongest parts then all you are left with is the weakest bits. But that is precisely the point. We want to better understand how the rest of the Australian economy is going outside of NSW and Victoria. 
The numbers – setting the scene.
To understand what we are analysing it makes sense to briefly look at the size of our two pieces. By Gross State Product (GSP), which is effectively output, NSW is worth 32% of the national pie and Victoria 221⁄2%. So our VicNSW economy is worth 541⁄2% of the national economy which leaves the ROA comprising 451⁄2% (chart 2). By population, NSW has 32% of Australia’s residents and Victoria clocks in at 25%. This leaves 43% of people residing in the ROA. By capital city, 64% of people who live in NSW are in Sydney and 75% of Victoria’s residents are in Melbourne. For the ROA, 62% of people are in the capital cities (chart 3). So our VicNSW and ROA split 
Population growth
We kick off with population growth because it heavily influences aggregate growth rates like output and employment. The latest figures show that in the year to QI 2016, population growth in VicNSW was running at 1.6% while it was growing at 1.1% for the ROA (charts 4 and 5). This is a material difference. It largely reflects two forces (i) interstate migration, in particular from WA and SA to Victoria due to a lack of job opportunities; and (ii) a significant proportion of overseas migrants settling in either Sydney or Melbourne.
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.26.53%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.26.53%20AM.png" alt="">
We need to keep the population growth rates of VicNSW and ROA in mind when looking at the economic data because the ROA is at a “handicap” of about 0.5%pa. Put another way, if the ROA is clocking in at 0.5%pa less than VicNSW for growth rates then performance per capita is effectively the same. We consider this to be important because differing population growth rates can give a misleading impression of economic performance. And per capita measures are a better barometer for gauging changes in living standards (see here). As our analysis shows, even accounting for the 0.5%pa difference in population growth, VicNSW is performing far better than the ROA. 
State Final Demand
State Final Demand (SFD) is basically the sum of household and government expenditure and investment. It does not include exports and is therefore a better measure of demand (i.e. the total value of goods and services that are sold domestically) than GSP which includes exports.
The data shows that demand growth has been strong in VicNSW while it has been contracting throughout the ROA since mid-2014 (chart 6). The decline in SFD throughout the ROA reflects falling business investment and weak consumption growth. SFD has been hit particularly hard in the mining regions of WA, QLD and NT where investment in the resources sector has fallen sharply (chart 7). SFD growth has been tepid in SA and Tas leaving the ACT as the only bright spot. All up, demand growth in the ROA is consistent with very soft economies.
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.27.49%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.27.49%20AM.png" alt="">
Strong demand growth in VicNSW has been assisted by the positive wealth effect from rising dwelling prices. Higher asset prices have supported household consumption growth and dwelling investment in Australia’s two largest states. These two economies did not experience a downturn in mining investment and were able to benefit from both the fall in interest rates and the AUD. 
Employment growth
There is plenty of evidence of our new “two-speed” economy in the labour market data. Jobs growth has slowed nationally. But the slowdown in jobs growth for the ROA has been sharp. In fact, there has been a contraction in the level of employment for the ROA through the year to October (chart 8). The number of people working in the ROA has fallen by 40k over the past year. The reality is that jobs growth in Australia has been driven by NSW and Victoria over the past year. For the ROA, the labour market is incredibly weak. In some states, conditions in the labour market are commensurate with a recession, particularly WA (chart 9). 
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.28.56%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.28.56%20AM.png" alt="">
Unemployment rate
The national unemployment rate has been trending down over the past year thanks to a decline in participation. But when we look at the economy through our “two- speed” lens it becomes apparent that the unemployment rate for the ROA has been stuck above 6% for two years (chart 10). It has basically trended sideways since mid-2015 while the unemployment rate has been falling in VicNSW. A disappointing story for the ROA which reflects a decline in the level of employment offset by a fall in participation. 
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.30.13%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.30.13%20AM.png" alt="">
Of course new jobs have been “created” in the jurisdictions that comprise ROA. But there have also been a lot of job losses, primarily in the mining and manufacturing sectors. To be fair to our Territories, the unemployment rate is low in the ACT and NT. But it’s well above the level associated with full employment (considered to be around 5%) in QLD, SA, WA and Tasmania (chart 11).
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.31.13%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.31.13%20AM.png" alt="">
In our view, the jobless rate for the ROA is likely to sit a touch above 6.0% over the next six months. It will continue to be a different story in VicNSW and we see the unemployment rate holding at around 51⁄4%. A big lift in public investment in NSW should keep the unemployment rate anchored around 5%. 
It’s worth noting here that the unemployment rate is not proving as useful as usual to determine the amount of slack in the labour market. That’s because underemployment has bene rising while the unemployment rate has been falling due to the casualisation of the workforce (see here). As a result, wages growth has been easing.  
Business investment 
Investment in VicNSW has trended up recently because of a lift in capex in NSW. But for the ROA business investment is down 17.2% through the year to QII 2016 (chart 12). The big decline has been driven by a huge fall in spending in QLD and WA because of the downturn in mining capex. There has also been a decline in capex in SA, Tas, and NT. For the ROA, only the ACT has posted a lift in business investment. This is a pretty poor result considering the stimulus that has come through from lower interest rates and a lower AUD. It should be a concern to policymakers.
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.32.13%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.32.13%20AM.png" alt="">
We expect business investment to continue to decline in the ROA as resource related projects are completed. The pace of the downturn, however, will start to slow as the worst of the downturn in mining capex is now behind us. The outlook for the non- mining part of the economy remains mixed. Our forecasts have non-mining capex lifting a little over 2016/17 which should see VicNSW post a further modest lift in business investment. 
Dwelling Prices
National dwelling prices have risen substantially over the past 31⁄2 years. But the data shows that the lift in dwelling prices has largely been a Sydney and Melbourne story (chart 13). Demand for housing has been strong in Australia’s two largest cities, driven by a variety of factors which include: (i) interest rate cuts; (ii) a high level of investor demand; (ii) foreign investment; (iii) strong population growth; and (iv) some supply issues (particularly in Sydney).
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.33.24%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.33.24%20AM.png" alt="">
For the ROA, however, dwelling price growth has been much more modest. In fact, dwelling prices have been falling for a few years in Perth (chart 14). Price rises in most of the other capital cities have been significantly lower than those in Sydney in Melbourne.
Commentators often make the mistake of generalising about dwelling prices in Australia and assume that the housing market is homogeneous. But the data shows that there is a significant divergence between price growth across Australia’s capital cities. 
Building approvals
Strong dwelling price growth in Sydney and Melbourne has translated into a big lift in building approvals, particularly for apartments. For the ROA, however, building approvals have eased. On a rolling annual total basis dwelling approvals are down 7.1%pa for the ROA (chart 15). There is a bit of a multispeed story for approvals in the ROA. There has been a big fall in approvals in WA as vacancy rates rise and dwelling prices fall. Approvals in QLD have actually been quite strong and a big lift in apartment supply will hit the Brisbane market over the next few years. But when we look at the ROA as a collective, dwelling investment will cool. For VicNSW, however, there is still a lot of residential construction in the pipeline. The supply response is welcome given the big lift in dwelling prices. 
<a href="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.35.04%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2010.35.04%20AM.png" alt="">
Are there implications for monetary policy?
The RBA has recently shifted from an implied easing bias to a neutral tone. And market pricing for a rate cut has receded (chart 16). We think the RBA’s reluctance to ease policy further is generally related to the strength of the NSW and Victorian economies, in particular the exceptionally strong housing markets of Sydney and 
Melbourne, and the lift in commodity prices. But the economic data suggests that the ROA could do with more policy easing.
Last week’s wages and employment data were weak. Normally, softness in the labour market and below-target inflation would imply that policy easing is forthcoming. A lower cash rate would, among other things, push the AUD down which would boost activity in Australia’s tradables sector. But clearly the RBA has a degree of discomfort at the strength of dwelling price growth in Sydney and Melbourne that has taken a near term rate cut off the table.
The lesson here is that the new “two-speed” economy means that current monetary policy settings are likely to be suboptimal for the ROA outside of Sydney and Melbourne. If the Sydney and Melbourne property markets stall or falter then policy easing will probably come back onto the agenda because the ROA could do with more stimulus. Of course that stimulus could also come via fiscal policy as we have previously argued (see here). But that’s a conversation for another day. 
Gareth Aird is economist at Commonwealth Bank and can be contacted <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://au.linkedin.com/pub/gareth-aird/14/790/905" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Our new two-speed economy – how does it look? CBA's Gareth Aird

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Construction is set to commence on one of Box Hill’s most significant residential projects, Sky One.
Situated at 545 Station Street, Box Hill, Sky One will rise from a three-level luxury retail and dining emporium.
Set on the peak of the hilltop, the striking development will feature 438 one, two and three bedroom apartments.
It is proposed to have a unparalleled level of hotel style amenity with landscaped gardens, pool, gym, spa, sauna, family wet area, yoga studio, formal and informal lounges, private dining, private cinema/media room, and entertainment room.
Golden Age announce the project delivery was on schedule.
Following an overwhelmingly successful sales campaign, Golden Age managing director Jeff Xu expects Box Hill to become Melbourne’s second largest CBD.
Golden Age recently acquired a second site at 517-521 Station Street, Box Hill.
It will be redeveloped into a multi-tower project incorporating an array of large, open public spaces, a 104 place child care facility and a mix of residential, commercial and retail spaces.
“The site at 517-521 Station Street will play an important role in our greater vision for Box Hill,” says Mr. Xu.
“We have given great consideration as to how we could best enhance this thriving suburb and believe Sky One and our new site at 517-521 Station Street will provide us a rare and exciting opportunity to do so.”
For more information <a href="https://skyoneboxhill.com.au" target="_blank">click here</a>.
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Sky One, Box Hill development set to change the skyline

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Hi Margaret,
I am currently educating myself on property investing before buying my first investment property.
I am currently reading your book “Investing in the right property now!” in the third chapter you mention looking for an area which has low housing starts. My question is how to quantify “low”, I realise there is probably  no magic number but should I be looking for a region where housing start do not exceed population growth or should I simply assess the areas vacancy rates as an indicator of whether the new developments are creating an over supply.
As an example, one area which I am considering an investment has a population of ~50,000, an annual population growth of 1 percent and housing starts are as follows 2015-‘16=447; ‘14-‘15=340; ‘13-‘14=243; ‘12-‘13=227
Of course I am considering many other factors when analysing an area as mentioned in your books but this is just the one I am having troubles with at this point in time
Thank you kindly,
Sam
 
Hi Sam, 
Your question is a good one and it’s important to consider a range of factors when choosing an area where you would like to invest in property.
I would like to point out that, as mentioned in the book, you have to ensure that you don’t get caught up in just one statistic or factor, as that factor alone could be painting a different picture than the one you want to eventuate!
Let me explain.  There are many growth drivers, and they all work as only a small part of an overall puzzle, somewhat like a jigsaw puzzle. With too many pieces missing, the puzzle just does not work.  The more pieces you can fit into that puzzle, the better the picture becomes. 
Where property is concerned, the pieces are the growth drivers, but taken alone a single piece is not enough, or may not provide the right picture. Take the ‘housing starts’ you refer to. The idea behind ensuring that there is not too much development going on is to ensure that the area is not oversupplied with property.  Since the only thing which ultimately drives growth is demand, an oversupply of property will dilute that demand and lead to a sustained period of low, or no growth.
Now,  you may find an area with 50,000 population and low housing starts, but those low housing starts figures could be because no one is moving there, or there is little employment or anything else happening in the area.  And so the low housing start factor must be combined with a population growing faster than inflation, diversified employment, no new land for future development and a number of other factors for it to be a pointer to future property price growth.
There is no figure or calculation, but if the population is growing by, say, 1 percent per annum and housing starts are only growing by 0.5% per annum, and other drivers also exist, then it makes sense that a future increased demand for housing may ensue.
Always make sure that you examine all of the factors – it is the trend of those factors and their relationship to each other which becomes important, rather than the number itself.
Have a property question?  <a href="mailto:news@propertyobserver.com.au" target="_blank">Ask Margaret!</a>
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mlomas-KC9MUPZ6Ca

Low housing start insights for investors: Ask Margaret

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<img src="https://counter.theconversation.edu.au/content/68664/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">
GUEST OBSERVER
Higher property prices are not only associated with higher income inequality but also with a higher inequality in household spending, our research shows.
We examined three decades of data from 1982 to 2012 in Iran, where income inequality is the highest in the Middle East.
We found that a 1 percent increase in housing costs increases income inequality by 0.125 percent. This is taking into account other important economic, political and social determinants of inequality (such as income per capita, inflation, government spending and the quality of political institutions). We also found that inequality of spending increases by 0.248 percent when housing costs are 1 percent higher.
Although our findings are based on data from Iran, this a common theme for much of the developing and developed world. For example, a similar study in Singapore shows a significant correlation between increasing private property prices and increasing income inequality. 
Researchers in the UK also argue that increases in housing prices change the distribution of welfare towards home owners, and away from non-homeowners. Another study showed housing is driving a long-term rise in income in seven large developed economies (the United States, Japan, Germany, France, the UK, Italy, and Canada). 
Income inequality is among the top challenges for policy makers globally. In a recent survey of 1,767 leaders from academia, business, government and non-profits, The World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council found increasing income inequality to be top global concern in 2015.
Income inequality has several harmful consequences for societies. For example, a World Bank study shows that income inequality has a significant negative effect on GDP in the long-run. Inequality has also been identified as one of the main drivers of social unrest in the Arab World, in the recent British vote to leave the European Union and in the US Presidential election. 
<h2>Why housing costs and inequality are linked</h2>
There are a number of reasons why increases in house prices and inaccessibility of housing can lead to increased income inequality. 
Property is a very important asset for households that brings many income advantages. Some of these include a return on investment from increases in house prices and the savings households make when they don’t have to pay rent. So unaffordable housing restricts low-income households from accessing these financial benefits. 
There are also intergenerational effects of housing on inequality. If affordable housing decreases, wealthy families and lower income families become more segregated. This leads to greater differences in education for the children of poor and rich families.
For example, research showsparents can make it more likely for their children to grow up to be high income earning adults through the education and the peers that their children have. Those who have a better quality schooling are more likely to earn more as adults.
Because of this research also indicates wealthy parents have an incentive to cluster into neighbourhoods with other wealthy families, to decrease the cost of providing high quality education for their children, and for other social reasons.
If there is less affordable housing it makes it easier for this segregation to occur, increasing inequality. For example, there is a significant gap between the quality of education between northern parts of Tehran (home to Tehran’s most expensive houses) and southern parts of Tehran. 
Rising house prices also stop the migration of unskilled labour to more productive regions, this in turn slows down a mixing of people with different incomes in these areas. This mixing can reduce income inequality, as poorer geographic regions experience faster economic growth. 
Rising house prices may also lead to a concentration of wealth, this means those who have wealth also have greater returns on it. 
In terms of tackling this type of inequality, governments should expand access to affordable housing finance to lower income families. Policymakers also need to redefine capital gains tax on investment properties to reduce the income differences between landlords and tenants. 
Finally, taxation that better caters to low income first-time home buyers may allow lower income households access not only to more stable housing, but also to the longer term financial benefits associated with owning their own homes.
Hassan F. Gholipour is lecturer in economics, Swinburne University of Technology and can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/hassan-f-gholipour-309444" target="_blank">here</a>.
Jeremy Nguyen is lecturer in economics, Swinburne University of Technology and can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/jeremy-nguyen-316390" target="_blank">here</a>.
Mohammad Reza Farzanegan is professor of economics of the Middle East, University of Marburg and can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/mohammad-reza-farzanegan-316293" target="_blank">here</a>.
All are authors for The Conversation.
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Higher property prices linked to income inequality: study

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Realestate.com.au have launched Energy Scores, which will for the first time give properties in Australia their own energy efficiency rating.
The tool will give property seekers an indication of how energy efficient their next home could be.
It allows homeowners to better understand energy usage, associated costs and where they could potentially reduce their energy expenditure.
There is also the option for Australians to ‘claim’ their own home, either as an owner or renter, and input more information about their own energy usage to refine the score.
Refined Energy Scores provide users with a more detailed breakdown and analysis of their own energy usage habits.
<img src="/images/2016/11/22/Screen%20Shot%202016-11-22%20at%2011.25.46%20AM.png" alt="">
As energy costs continue to rise across Australia, 76 percent of realestate.com.au users surveyed recently say they are concerned about the cost of electricity, while 79% state that they are actively trying to conserve energy as much as they can1.
To create Energy Scores, realestate.com.au partnered with Tendril, a global expert in data analytics and home energy modelling.
REA Group chief digital officer Henry Ruiz said they know the important of energy efficiency in the home.
"We know that being energy efficient is essential to running any household, and yet it's something we don't often think about other than when we're paying our bills," he said.
"We’re working towards providing a rich view of every property on realestate.com.au.
"Energy Scores may offer deeper insights into the energy efficiency of a property, helping Australians make more educated decisions on their next purchase or rental, or even improve the home they already live in.”
Hunter Albright, Tendril senior vice president of new markets said the company are excited to work with realestate.com.au on this global first.
"We think this approach will provide an engaging experience while educating people on how their homes use energy and the steps they can take to be more efficient," he said.
“Realestate.com.au Energy Scores will enable consumers to better understand energy usage, potential running costs and how to implement potential energy savings.”
To sign up for Energy Scores <a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property" target="_blank">click here.</a>
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Realestate.com.au launch Energy Scores for residential property

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In June 2016 the Supreme Court of Victoria handed down its decision in the case of Swan v Uecker [2016] VSC 313.
The case is heralded as a victory for landlords after the Supreme Court held that, by allowing Airbnb guests short-term use of their rented apartment, the tenants had breached their lease by sub-letting the property.
The Landlord (Swan) leased her apartment to the Tenants (Uecker and Greaves) pursuant to a residential tenancies agreement (lease).
During the course of the lease the Landlord became aware that the Tenants were making the apartment available to guests via the Airbnb website.
The Landlord had not consented to the use of the property in that way.
The Landlord subsequently sought an order for possession from the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) on the basis that the Tenants breached their lease by sub-letting the property, without the Landlord’s consent, when making it available to Airbnb guests. VCAT dismissed the application.
The VCAT decision held that, despite offering the property to Airbnb guests, the Airbnb Agreement between the Airbnb guests and the Tenants as hosts did not entitle Airbnb guests to exclusive possession of the property and granted a mere licence to occupy. 
On this basis, the Tenants “had not sub-let their tenancy agreement” with the Landlord. The Landlord appealed to the Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court held that the Airbnb Agreement between Uecker and Greaves and the Airbnb guests was characterised as a lease, rather than a mere licence.
Accordingly, the arrangement to allow Airbnb guests to occupy the property constituted a sub-lease and consequently the Tenants were in breach of their lease.
The case garnered a significant amount of public attention as Australian legislation grapples with the rise of the sharing economy such as Airbnb and Uber. The Judge also noted that, despite the public attention:
“This is not a case on the merits of Airbnb arrangements. Neither is it a case on whether or not Airbnb arrangements might be said to be ‘illegal’ – either in some particular or some general, non-legal, sense. Rather it is a case, on appeal, which raises for determination – directly or indirectly – the legal character of this particular Airbnb arrangement and any consequences this characterisation may have in the context of the terms of the lease of the apartment concerned.”
This decision was followed up by the subsequent Supreme Court decision in Owners Corporation PS 501391P v Balcombe [2016] VSC 384 where the court held that Owners Corporations could not make rules to ban landlords from renting their properties using the Airbnb website.
The article first appeared on TressCox Lawyer's <a href="https://www.tresscox.com.au/" target="_blank">website</a>.
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