<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/wickton">Wickton</a>’s completed Linacre Rise development in Hampton is giving Bayside downsizers the opportunity to move into a spacious apartment near the beach, with the developer covering stamp duty for a limited time.

The 27-residence development has been designed for buyers who want to simplify their living arrangements without giving up the space, warmth and quality associated with a long-term family home. Most apartments have already been secured by Bayside locals, leaving a select collection of two and three-bedroom residences and penthouses available.

Two-bedroom apartments are priced from $1.275 million, three-bedroom residences from $2.25 million and penthouses from $3.375 million, with the completed homes available to inspect and move into now.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=95289 project_image_fid=366760]

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/linacre-rise-hampton-8-10-linacre-road-hampton-vic-3188">Linacre Rise</a> occupies an elevated position on one of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/hampton-vic-3188">Hampton</a>’s quiet, tree-lined streets, around 250 metres from the bay and 500 metres from Hampton’s village centre. Its setting gives residents access to the beach, local cafés, shops and Hampton Train Station while retaining the feel of an established residential neighbourhood.

Architecture and interiors by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/ewert-leaf">Ewert Leaf</a> draw on the warmth and permanence of traditional brickwork, with the building integrated into terraced landscaping by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/landscape-architect/john-patrick-landscape-architects">John Patrick</a>. Ground-floor apartments are elevated above the street and include private garden courtyards, while several upper-level residences have generous balconies and outlooks toward the bay.

Inside, the residences favour natural materials and generous proportions. Herringbone-pattern European oak flooring, natural stone benchtops, premium joinery and Swiss V-ZUG appliances are among the key inclusions, while integrated storage has been incorporated across kitchens, bathrooms, studies and living areas.

The kitchens have been planned as practical spaces for both everyday use and entertaining, with substantial island benches, detailed cabinetry and adjoining dining and living zones. Full-height wardrobes, plush bedroom carpeting and carefully considered lighting reinforce the residential character Wickton sought to retain for buyers moving from larger homes.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=95289 project_image_fid=366769]

A Linacre Rise purchaser said the completed apartment had delivered the space, outlook and construction quality they had been seeking.

“The unit is very light, has views to die for over the bay, all construction materials and fittings are premium quality, we have secure parking for three cars, EV charging at very competitive rates, the neighbours are friendly and there is just a lovely ambiance about the place,” the purchaser said.

Environmental features include solar panels, shared electric vehicle charging stations, rainwater harvesting for toilet flushing and landscape irrigation, double-glazed windows and water-efficient fixtures and appliances.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=95289 project_image_fid=366762]

The development was built by Balmain &amp; Co, with Wickton managing the broader development process through its in-house team.

For downsizers, the project’s completed status removes much of the uncertainty associated with buying off the plan. Purchasers can inspect the finished apartments, understand their outlook and proportions, and move in without waiting for construction to conclude.

The remaining selection includes north-oriented balconies, corner configurations and penthouses with elevated bay views. The developer-paid stamp duty initiative is available for a limited time, with potential savings of up to $200,000 depending on the residence purchased.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=95289]

Joel Robinson

Limited-time stamp duty offer at completed Linacre Rise apartments in Hampton

Luxury apartment buyers have long prioritised design, space and finishes, but increasingly they're placing equal importance on something less tangible: how easily they can live without relying on a car.

At <a>Richmond Square</a>, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/fortis">Fortis</a> believes that convenience begins beyond the apartment itself, with the mixed-use precinct earning a near-perfect Walk Score of 99.

The development has been planned around the idea that some of the most valuable amenities aren't contained within a building, they're the restaurants, cafés, parks, transport connections and daily conveniences that can all be reached on foot.

Located just behind Swan Street and Church Street, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/richmond-square-1-wiltshire-street-richmond-vic-3121">Richmond Square</a> places residents within one of Melbo​u​rne's most established lifestyle precincts while offering a quieter residential setting removed from the busiest thoroughfares. East Richmond Station is moments away, trams run along both Swan and Church Streets, and the MCG, Melb​​ourne Park, Yarra River trails and the CBD are all within walking distance. At the same time, the precinct itself will introduce a curated mix of dining, retail, hospitality and wellness offerings, creating a destination that extends well beyond its residential buildings.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=13181 project_image_fid=348530]

For Fortis, that combination of location and scale was what made the site unique.

"<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/richmond-vic-3121">Richmond</a> is one of Melb​o​urne's most established and distinctive inner-city neighbourhoods, with a rare combination of dining, culture, recreation, public transport and proximity to the CBD," the developer said.

"The opportunity at Wiltshire Street was particularly compelling because the site sits slightly removed from the activity of Swan and Church Streets while remaining only moments from everything that makes the area desirable."

Rather than developing a standalone apartment building, Fortis consolidated 15 individual properties to create one of the larger development parcels assembled on Mel​b​ourne's city fringe in recent years. That allowed the team to deliver a genuine mixed-use precinct comprising 107 residences across Wiltshire House and Carmine House, premium office space, hospitality venues, retail, wellness offerings and a future 57-room hotel.

"The scale of the site allowed Fortis to think beyond a standalone apartment building," the developer said.

"Richmond Square could be planned as a complete lifestyle precinct, bringing homes, workplaces, dining, retail, hospitality and wellness together around a series of activated public spaces. The aim was to create a destination that feels connected to Richmond rather than separate from it."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=13181 project_image_fid=348533]

The emphasis on walkability has also resonated with buyers.

Interest has been strongest from established owner-occupiers, particularly downsizers from Richmond and Melb​ourne's inner east who want to remain close to familiar restaurants, workplaces, family and social networks while moving into a more secure, lower-maintenance home. The project is also attracting Mornington Peninsula and interstate buyers seeking a Melb​ourne residence they can lock up and leave between visits.

Many are looking for generous living spaces, room to entertain, quality finishes and confidence in the project team, but location remains one of the biggest deciding factors.

"For many buyers, Richmond Square provides a way to simplify the practical side of home ownership without reducing the quality of their lifestyle," the sales team said.

"Location is also a major driver of interest. Buyers can remain connected to the CBD, major sporting events, the arts centres, local restaurants, cafes and bars and their family while living in a private and secure residence that is easy to lock up and leave for weekends or longer periods away."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=13181 project_image_fid=348549]

The residences themselves have been designed with that buyer in mind. Award-winning architecture practice SJB and interior designers Hecker Guthrie have created spacious two and three-bedroom apartments and penthouses that prioritise generous living areas, natural light, bespoke joinery and private terraces. Above, a rooftop sanctuary by Acre includes landscaped lawns, bookable dining rooms, barbecue facilities, wellness spaces and panoramic views across the CBD, the MCG and Port Phillip Bay.

Fortis believes Richmond Square reflects a broader evolution in apartment living, where the surrounding neighbourhood becomes just as important as the residence itself.

"Richmond Square introduces a different proposition: generously proportioned residences within a genuinely mixed-use, hospitality-led destination," the developer said.

"The project's location and Walk Score of 99 further support a lifestyle where residents can complete many everyday journeys without relying on a car."

Fortis has assembled an experienced team that includes <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/sjb-architects">SJB</a>, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/interior-designers/hecker-guthrie">Hecker Guthrie</a>, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/landscape-architect/acre">Acre</a> and builder <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/builders/hacer-group">Hacer Group</a>, reflecting the developer's commitment to creating projects with enduring design quality and meaningful connections to the communities in which they sit.&nbsp;

Richmond Square is an expression of that philosophy, bringing together homes, workplaces, hospitality and wellness within one of Me​lb​ourne's most walkable neighbourhoods.&nbsp;

Construction is now almost complete, providing purchasers with growing confidence ahead of its expected September 2026 completion.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=13181]

Walk Score of 99 places Richmond Square at the heart of Melbourne's most connected lifestyle

<h3 data-end="19" data-section-id="1dvgwoe" data-start="0">Summary</h3>

<ul data-end="634" data-start="21">
	<li data-end="170" data-section-id="1o77v31" data-start="21">Walker Corporation has lodged plans for a second major residential development in the Maroochydore City Centre, a 29-storey tower known as Celeste.</li>
	<li data-end="327" data-section-id="1lb0y6t" data-start="171">The Plus Studio-designed proposal at Lot 30 Sunshine Coast Parade would deliver 208 apartments, including four four-bedroom sub-penthouses and penthouses.</li>
	<li data-end="487" data-section-id="za720" data-start="328">The application comes as Walker doubles down on Maroochydore following the strong sales campaign at SOL by Walker, where the first tower is nearing sell-out.</li>
	<li data-end="634" data-section-id="5sovec" data-start="488">Walker is a key partner in the transformation of the Maroochydore City Centre, which is expected to ultimately deliver at least 4,000 new homes.</li>
</ul>

Walker Corporation is doubling down on Maroochydore following the successful sales campaign at its first residential project in the emerging CBD.

The national developer has filed plans for <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/celeste-30-sunshine-coast-parade-maroochydore-qld-4558">Celeste</a>, a new 29-storey apartment tower at Lot 30 Sunshine Coast Parade, just metres from its under-construction SOL by Walker development.

The plans, prepared by Plus Studio, would see 208 apartments delivered across a 100-metre tower on the 2,376 sqm site, which fronts Sunshine Coast Parade, First Avenue and Future Way within the Maroochydore Priority Development Area.

<img alt="Walker" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="17038209-6fea-4ed2-855d-fd4df65b3d02" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-08-10%20at%2010.24.16%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=iZD.oVXcQn.aLpUytDAW.CWjxP4puWMy" />

The proposed apartment mix comprises 36 one-bedroom apartments, 48 two-bedroom apartments, 72 two-bedroom apartments with an additional multipurpose space, and 48 three-bedroom apartments.

The upper levels would be capped by two four-bedroom sub-penthouses and two four-bedroom penthouses, taking the total apartment count to 208. The preliminary yield study also provides 262 car spaces, 114 resident bicycle spaces and storage for each apartment.

It represents Walker's next major residential move in the new Maroochydore CBD after the success of SOL by Walker, its $220 million two-tower project nearby.

SOL launched to market in early 2025 and has since seen strong demand, particularly from local owner-occupiers. By February this year, Walker said the first SOL tower was nearing sell-out, with a strong waitlist also emerging for its recently released penthouse collection.

Construction is already underway on SOL, with the first tower expected to be completed in late 2027 and the second to follow in early 2028.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=147777 project_image_fid=319846]

<h2 data-end="2518" data-section-id="1b2dyo5" data-start="2459">Celeste to rise 100 metres over Maroochydore City Centre</h2>

Celeste would take a different form to the twin 19-storey buildings at SOL.

Plus Studio has designed a single 100-metre tower above an activated podium, with the architecture responding to the site's prominent position and three street frontages.

The podium would incorporate commercial tenancies and public art, with sweeping façade elements wrapping the street edges. The scalloped concrete podium has been inspired by the patterns created in sand at low tide, while extensive landscaping would continue vertically through the tower.

The ground level plans show three commercial tenancies addressing Sunshine Coast Parade alongside the residential lobby and landscaped public realm. The podium would then accommodate several levels of car parking before the residential tower rises above.

<img alt="Celeste" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="121f77b1-71c5-46d7-9b36-0a7d474211ca" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-08-10%20at%2010.24.47%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=MGrg9Hb7HgzLN0Lelq_xrXNAruVl77ia" />

Plus Studio said the tower had been designed to maximise views from each apartment, taking in the Maroochy River, Sunshine Coast hinterland, Cotton Tree and Maroochydore Beach and ocean.

Those views have also shaped one of the project's key features, with Walker proposing to put the primary resident amenity on Level 29 rather than lower within the building.

The rooftop would feature a 284.9 sqm pool area with an infinity edge, along with a cold pool, spa, sauna, 93.2 sqm gym, sunset lounge, BBQ and dining areas, pool deck and private dining space. Cabanas and day beds are also shown across the recreation level.

The two penthouses would extend across the upper levels and each feature private terraces and plunge pools.

<h2 data-end="4202" data-section-id="v5f4ix" data-start="4160">Walker's growing Maroochydore footprint</h2>

Celeste further reinforces Walker's commitment to the transformation of Maroochydore City Centre.

Walker is one of the key partners delivering the new CBD alongside Sunshine Coast Council and SunCentral Maroochydore, with the broader 62-hectare Priority Development Area occupying the former Horton Park Golf Course and surrounding land.

The precinct is ultimately expected to accommodate at least 4,000 new homes as Maroochydore evolves into the Sunshine Coast's principal commercial and residential centre.

When SOL secured approval in February 2025, Walker Managing Director and CEO David Gallant described it as the "first of many residential projects" the company planned for the Maroochydore City Centre.

Celeste now provides the clearest indication yet of what comes next.

The site sits immediately within the new CBD, with the design report identifying Sunshine Plaza and surrounding parkland within walking distance and Maroochydore Beach around a five-minute drive away.

For Walker, the timing of the application comes as its first residential bet on the new CBD appears to have been vindicated.

SOL has progressed from planning approval to construction while its first release has approached sell-out, giving Walker confidence to push ahead with another 208 apartments and take its residential pipeline in the Maroochydore City Centre to around 450 dwellings across the two projects.

Celeste remains subject to planning approval, with the architectural material describing the scheme as a preliminary yield study that may change through the assessment process.

Walker doubles down on Maroochydore with 29-storey Celeste apartment tower

For most Australians, buying an apartment is one of the biggest financial decisions they'll ever make

The location, floorplan and price are often the first considerations, but in recent years another question has become increasingly important: who is actually delivering the project?

A series of high-profile builder collapses, construction delays and defect concerns have fundamentally changed how many Victorians approach buying off the plan. The collapse of Porter Davis in 2023, which reportedly left around 1,700 homes unfinished, became one of the most visible examples of the risks that can emerge when a construction company fails. <a href="https://www.equifax.com.au/sites/default/files/lpassets/pdf/Final-Business-Market-Pulse-June-Sector-Deep-Dive-Report-2.pdf">Similar challenges across the broader construction sector</a> have left buyers asking more questions before signing a contract.

As Victoria continues encouraging higher-density housing to address supply shortages, transparency is becoming just as important as location or price.

One tool increasingly entering the conversation is the <a href="https://icirt.com/">Independent Construction Industry Rating Tool (iCIRT)</a>, an independent assessment framework designed to help buyers better understand the developer or builder behind a project. Originally developed by Equifax in consultation with government and industry as part of NSW's Construct NSW reforms, the system has since expanded nationally.

<h2 data-end="1519" data-section-id="7nmx3" data-start="1492">What is an iCIRT rating?</h2>

Most Australians are familiar with independent ratings in everyday life.

We compare ANCAP safety ratings before buying a car. We look at Health Star Ratings in supermarkets. Banks rely on credit assessments when lending money.

Until recently, however, there has been very little independent information available to help apartment buyers assess the business responsible for delivering a residential project.

That gap is what iCIRT was designed to address.

Builders, developers and other construction professionals with an iCIRT rating have demonstrated high-trust characteristics through an independent, evidence-based assessment across six criteria: Character, Capability, Conduct, Capacity, Capital and Counterparties. This involves a rigorous review of financial health, past project track record, and ethical conduct. Crucially, an iCIRT rating could help provide property buyers with confidence that they are working with a professional who has demonstrated the capability, capacity, and willingness to return and rectify issues.

Importantly, iCIRT is not a recommendation to purchase a particular property, nor is it a traditional credit rating. It is an independent assessment framework designed to provide objective information about a construction business using a <a href="https://icirt.com/sites/default/files/2025-08/iCIRT-Methodology-Issue1-May-2021.pdf">published methodology</a>.

The system has been widely adopted in New South Wales, where more than one-third of medium and large residential builders and developers now hold an iCIRT rating, representing over two-thirds of the state's residential building market by value as of 2025/26.

<h2 data-end="3126" data-section-id="h6ohtj" data-start="3084">Why buyers are doing more due diligence</h2>

For many buyers, particularly those purchasing off the plan, the biggest risk isn't whether they'll like the kitchen finishes.

It's whether the project will be delivered on time, to the expected quality, and by a company capable of completing the development.

<a href="https://icirt.com/sites/default/files/2026-07/iCIRT%202025%20Consumer%20Survey%20Report%20v05.pdf">Consumer research commissioned by iCIRT</a> found more than half of respondents believed current protections do not adequately safeguard buyers from builder insolvencies or defective projects. Other research found 88 per cent of prospective buyers would seek independent ratings or due diligence before purchasing, while 90 per cent said trust in construction professionals is essential.

That doesn't mean buyers should rely on a single rating alone.

Independent legal advice, understanding the contract, and seeking financial advice all remain important parts of the due diligence process.

However, an independent assessment can provide another source of information alongside those traditional checks.

<h2 data-end="4138" data-section-id="pquzxc" data-start="4094">Trust is becoming a competitive advantage</h2>

The conversation isn't only changing for buyers.

Developers are also recognising that trust has become an increasingly important part of the sales process.

Five years ago, purchasers typically asked about floorplans, finishes and settlement dates.

Today, sales teams are increasingly being asked about the developer's experience, financial stability, previous projects and construction partners.

For companies with strong governance and established delivery records, an independent iCIRT rating provides another way to demonstrate those credentials before buyers even visit a display suite.

According to Equifax, the assessment can also help businesses drive sales and <a href="https://icirt.com/resources-for-business/icirt-rating-helps-scion-secure-high-value-projects">secure high-value projects</a>, as well as identify operational improvements and <a href="https://icirt.com/resources-for-business/mirvac-reinforces-brand-trust-and-quality-independent-icirt-rating">attract top talent</a>.

<h2 data-end="4962" data-section-id="1j54ng5" data-start="4912">Beyond buyers: lenders are paying attention too</h2>

The influence of independent construction ratings is also extending beyond consumers.

According to Stamford Capital's Real Estate Debt Capital Markets Survey, an increasing number of lenders now incorporate iCIRT ratings into their due diligence processes when assessing residential development finance applications.

The survey found lender adoption has continued to rise, with many respondents saying independent assessments provide additional insight into governance, counterparties and delivery capability beyond traditional financial analysis. Some lenders also reported declining funding applications where businesses had poor or no ratings.

As construction costs remain elevated and access to development finance becomes more selective, demonstrating credibility is becoming increasingly valuable.

<h2 data-end="5801" data-section-id="1qazuxs" data-start="5772">What it means for Victoria</h2>

Victoria's apartment market is entering a new phase.

The state is seeking to accelerate higher-density housing while simultaneously introducing reforms aimed at improving confidence in residential construction.

For buyers, that means there are more tools available than ever before to research the businesses behind a project.

For developers, it signals that transparency is becoming another point of differentiation in an increasingly competitive market.

Buyers are asking more questions than ever before and increasingly expecting independent information, not just marketing material, before making one of the biggest financial commitments of their lives.

Find out how to get iCIRT rated <a href="https://www.icirt.com/sites/default/files/2025-08/iCIRT-Infographic-Assessment-Process-Final.pdf">here</a>.

<hr data-end="6469" data-start="6466" />
The information contained in this article is general in nature and does not constitute personal, financial, legal or tax advice. It does not take into account your personal objectives, financial situation or needs. Therefore, you should consider whether the information is appropriate to your circumstances before acting on it and, where appropriate, seek independent professional advice.

This article contains links to third-party websites. These links are provided for convenience only. Equifax Australia does not control and is not responsible for the content, accuracy or privacy practices of external sites.

Copyright © 2026 Equifax Australia Information Services and Solutions Pty Ltd. All rights reserved.

Buying off-the-plan in Melbourne? How independent iCIRT ratings are set to change Victorian property

Apartment buyers in New South Wales are set to gain a decade of insurance-backed protection against major building defects, after the NSW Parliament passed the Fair Trading and Building Legislation Amendment Bill 2026.&nbsp;

The Bill establishes decennial defect insurance, known in the market as Latent Defects Insurance (LDI), as an alternative to the existing two-year strata building bond. It cleared the Legislative Council with amendments on Tuesday evening (August 4, 2026), with the Legislative Assembly agreeing to those amendments shortly after.

Under the reform, eligible developers can satisfy their statutory bond obligation by taking out an approved decennial-style policy that gives owners 10 years of cover for major structural defects from completion, claimable directly, without first having to pursue developers or builders through costly legal action.&nbsp;

[smartcode_project:default project_id=111820 project_image_fid=344699]

The change forms the final tranche of amendments arising from the 2021 statutory review of the Strata Schemes Management Act 2015 and related legislation.

Resilience Insurance, which originated the cover in Australia and has delivered it in NSW since 2022, welcomed the passage and credited the NSW Government for delivering it.

“This is protection apartment buyers have needed for a long time, and the credit for delivering it belongs to the NSW Government,”&nbsp;said Corey Nugent, CEO of Resilience Insurance.

“Minister Chanthivong and his team have shown real leadership in replacing an outdated two-year bond with cover that matches the lifespan of the buildings people are buying into. Reform like this is what good, evidence-based regulation looks like.”

Resilience has delivered LDI in NSW since 2022, protecting thousands of apartments, giving the State, and now the country, real-world evidence of how decade-long, no-fault protection works in practice.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=136442 project_image_fid=374084]

The reform also places NSW within a wider national shift.

NSW is the third jurisdiction to put decennial cover into law. The ACT legislated for it in 2024, with the scheme taking effect in late 2025, and Victoria passed its own framework on 17 June. Between them, the three cover the majority of Australia's apartment market.

The reform commences once the legislation is proclaimed, which is expected in the coming weeks. From that point, developers of Class 2 residential apartment buildings can meet their statutory obligation with an approved decennial policy in place of the bond.

Buyers who purchased into projects that took out the cover early are among the first in the country to take keys to apartments carrying decade-long structural protection.

“With the legislation passed, the focus now turns to making it work for buyers,”&nbsp;Nugent said.

“There are already thousands of apartments in NSW covered by this insurance, bought by developers who moved early. The question every buyer should be asking in a display suite is a simple one: does this building come with 10-year defect cover, and who stands behind it?&nbsp;

“We look forward to working with the Government and the Building Commission in coming weeks as the framework moves to implementation, and to sharing what we have learned over the past four years so the protection reaches owners as smoothly and quickly as possible.”

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134954 project_image_fid=4553]

Other states are working through their own reform programs. Western Australia has indicated that decennial cover is within consideration a later stage of its reform sequence, and Queensland has been examining the settings as it looks at the development pipeline ahead of the 2032 Olympics.

Resilience Insurance acknowledges the NSW Government’s continued focus on strengthening consumer protection while supporting housing delivery across the State.

Fast Facts: What the reform means

<ul>
	<li>Proven at scale:&nbsp;Decennial cover has operated in NSW since 2022, protecting thousand of apartments.</li>
	<li>10 years of cover:&nbsp;Protection for major structural defects runs for a decade from completion, claimable directly and with no legal action required.</li>
	<li>An alternative to the bond:&nbsp;Eligible developers can meet their statutory obligation with an approved decennial-style policy in place of the 2% strata building bond.</li>
	<li>Part of a national shift:&nbsp;The ACT has had decennial provisions in force since 2025 and Victoria passed its framework in June. NSW now joins them.</li>
	<li>No-fault, first resort:&nbsp;Owners corporations claim directly from the insurer without first having to establish who is liable for the defect.</li>
	<li>Cost-competitive:&nbsp;At approximately 1.8% of build cost, LDI is typically priced below the 2% bond while offering broader, longer protection.</li>
	<li>Market position:&nbsp;Resilience originated LDI in Australia and has delivered it in NSW since 2022.</li>
</ul>

Fast Facts: What is Resilience LDI?

<ul>
	<li>Resilience Latent Defects Insurance (LDI):&nbsp;Covers major structural defects for 10 years from completion.</li>
	<li>Consumer-first:&nbsp;Direct claim access, no need for lengthy legal action.</li>
	<li>Cost advantage:&nbsp;At approximately 1.8% of build cost, LDI is typically priced below the traditional 2% Strata Bond while offering broader protection.</li>
	<li>Market leader:&nbsp;&nbsp;Resilience Insurance originated LDI in Australia and is the national market leader.</li>
</ul>

NSW parliament passes 10-year defect insurance laws for new apartment buyers

Prominent New Zealand apartment and hotel operator, <a href="/developers/safari-group">Safari Group</a>, is offering up a prime investment opportunity for Australians to purchase off the plan in one of the world’s most popular ski destinations.

They recently took to market Mountain Oak Queenstown Apartments, in the growing precinct of Remarkables Park in Frankton, near the airport and at the foot of The Remarkables - the mountain range the locals like to call “The Remarks”.&nbsp;

Sydney investors have shown interest in the one, two and three-bedroom apartments that secure high-season occupancy six months over the year, primarily over summer and winter months.

They average 90 per cent occupancy across their portfolio over January, February, March, August, November and December, while shoulder season months of April, July, September and October are still occupied 70 per cent of the time, with the growing appeal of Queenstown becoming not just a hotspot for the snow, but a lifestyle destination.

Even in the low seasons of May and June, occupancy levels reach around 40 per cent.

<img alt="Safari Group’s Mountain Oak Apartments brings new investment potential to Queenstown" data-entity-type="" data-entity-uuid="" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/f_auto,c_limit,w_1440,q_auto/https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/field/image/Ext_Cam15_Sunny.jpg?VersionId=SJAROUM_1s.Tr5ciMk4EEj5oAt_Vewmv" />

Safari’s Safari Hotels arm can also manage the holiday letting for an investor, from the listing on holiday accommodation websites such as Airbnb and Booking.com to the cleaning and maintenance of the investment. They’ve been in the short stay management business for 15 years and offer 24/7 support for investors, an important convenience benefit for any overseas investor

Another major drawcard for Australians is that New Zealand doesn’t have a stamp duty policy - so the entry price of NZ$639,000 (AU$586,000), is all that is payable on completion.

<img alt="Safari Group’s Mountain Oak Apartments brings new investment potential to Queenstown" data-entity-type="" data-entity-uuid="" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,dpr_2.0,q_auto:good/https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/313_Livingv2_WEB.jpg?VersionId=nV229fM0ZeYpoxOrX372HyGjfwY_LR8c" />

Safari is starting construction of the 141 apartments in Q2 this year, with a two-year build estimated to complete in mid-to-late 2027.<img alt="" data-entity-type="" data-entity-uuid="" height="15" src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXczFpFAb7WuA6f4f9TtKWcqXyNwR8qqtakWv352ERkpqNlP3KwIo8YKxw67jZNHfpjEGIZGv5MQTbnvLZwNt8iu9IVdOrswOjCvBZ4zhSoOOLrpt6etVEZTN1gkBho0r_R72zdHNA?key=yq3daOanqHSb88QFd8jGYKdb" title="Click and drag to move" width="15" />​

The apartments will feature modern amenities and contemporary designs with expansive windows capturing sweeping views of The Remarkables mountain range.&nbsp;

Interiors are equipped with modern finishes, premium appliances, and secure electronic key-locked doors, ensuring a comfortable living experience for residents and guests alike.

With its strategic location near Coronet Peak and Cardrona Alpine Resort, as well as key retail and dining precincts such as Market Street, Five Mile Shopping Centre, and Remarkables Market, Mountain Oak offers a strong proposition for investors seeking high rental yields and capital appreciation in one of New Zealand’s most sought-after locations.&nbsp;

Queenstown’s sustained demand for visitor accommodation and rental properties is underpinned by a shortage of housing options, attracting both local and international buyers.

Safari Group offers low-touch investment proposition in Queenstown’s popular ski fields district

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Major project completions in Queensland’s mining sector have helped stimulate economic progression, with growth in state final demand for the 12-month period rebounding above long-term averages, according to Savills Australia.
The company’s latest industrial report for Brisbane reveals that ongoing mining projects in Queensland are likely to see continued positive effects on the state’s economy, which coupled with the forecasted $46 billion in infrastructure projects that are in the pipeline, will drive further demand for industrial space in Brisbane.
Associate Director for <a href="http://www.savills.com.au/research/australian-research.aspx" target="_blank">Capital Strategy &amp; Research</a>, Shrabastee Mallik, noted that a positive spill-over effect into Brisbane’s industrial markets was imminent and would aid ongoing leasing demand and generate an increasingly positive business sentiment for the industrial sector.
“While the e-commerce sector in Australia is still in its infancy stages, there is growing evidence that Australians’ appetite for online retailing is rapidly increasing,” she said.
“Although Amazon’s entrance into the Australian market was underwhelming, the company has been increasing its footprint across the nation, as it sees the growth potential in the online retail space.”
Callum Stenson, State Director for <a href="http://www.savills.com.au/services-and-sectors/industrial.aspx" target="_blank">Industrial &amp; Business Services</a> in Queensland said that he had observed an increase in investor enquiries about industrial warehouses for transport and logistics in response to growing recognition of Australia’s online retail market. 
“While sales activity in the current financial year was notably less than the records set in FY-16 and FY-17, we are going to see a comeback over the remainder of 2018, particularly from domestic investors who see the diversification benefits in investing across grades and precincts,” he said.
“There was a notable drop in offshore investors purchasing industrial assets as a lack of large prime-quality offerings were available for sale.”
Mr Stenson noted that when looking at leasing activity, the 12 months to June 2018 saw tenants from the Transport &amp; Logistics sector dominate overall leasing activity and account for more than half of the total space leased in Brisbane’s industrial market.
There is a growing demand for industrial facilities to become more integrated business facilities supporting multiple types of transportation, especially as Australia’s international trade continues to increase at a rapid rate. 
Growth projections made by HSBC Trade Connections forecasts Australia’s trade to grow nearly 130% by 2025, almost double the global rate.
Fringe areas which extend as far as the Gold Coast have also recorded notable increases and confidence.
Logistics giant Toll Group has signed a pre-commitment for a purpose built facility on the Gold Coast site formally known as home to multinational Colgate-Palmolive.
Renamed Gold Coast Logistics Hub, the 22ha Arundel site was purchased last year by the Asia Pacific logistics property specialist, LOGOS Property and Global Fund Manager Partners Group for more than $20 million.
Toll has committed to an initial 12-year lease across a 10,250sq m logistics facility, with Savills recording it as one of the largest industrial deals done on the Coast in recent times.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2018/9/5/southport1.jpg" alt="">  Artist Impression of Gold Coast Logistics Hub.
Mr Stenson said that the commitment enabled Toll to consolidate several existing facilities and bring their operations together in under one roof.
The masterplanned layout for the Hub provides flexible design and construct solutions from 3,000sq m to 30,000sq m. 
”The Hub will provide local occupiers with quality opportunities, representing the last scalable infill site in the central Gold Coast region,” Mr Stenson said.
Brisbane’s Southside and Trade Coast precincts recorded the largest falls in market yields in the year to June 2018.
Looking forward, Ms Mallik said that infrastructure projects were providing the impetus for developers and institutional land owners to bring speculative development back to the forefront, recognising the recent lift in leasing demand, particularly in well-located locations close to major arterial roads. 
“While both leasing and sales activity were down in the most recent financial year compared to the previous year, it is expected that 2018 will continue the trend of strengthening tenant and buyer demand, as indicated by industrial job advertisement growth in Queensland, which is now the third highest nationally,” she said. 
Savills is a leading global real estate service provider offering the full spectrum of services from strategic advice to managing assets and projects and transacting deals. Callum Stenson is Savills QLD State Director for <a href="http://www.savills.com.au/services-and-sectors/industrial.aspx" target="_blank">Industrial &amp; Business Services</a>. Shrabastee Mallik is Savills Associate Director for <a href="http://www.savills.com.au/research/australian-research.aspx" target="_blank">Capital Strategy &amp; Research</a>. To learn more about Savills, visit <a href="http://www.savills.com.au/" target="_blank">savills.com.au</a>.
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jrobinson-rf4aSBido9

Brisbane industrial hits investor lists following QLD's economic turnaround: Savills

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A corner property with development potential in Prahran will be auctioned September 13.
Located at 182-194 Commercial Road on the corner of Izett Street, the property is situated opposite Prahran Market.
The property comprises three double storey, double fronted Tudor style commercial buildings, with a variety of retail and office tenancies in excellent condition which benefit from outstanding street exposure.
The building sits on an 1126 square metre site, zoned Activity Centre, with three separate titles offering a combined frontage of 28 metres to Commercial Road and 40 metres to Izett Street as well as a rear laneway boundary of 28 metres.
Activity Centre zoning encourages intensive development as a focus for business, shopping, working, housing, leisure, transport and community facilities.
The property will be sold subject to multiple tenancies on lease expiries returning a combined $365,808 per annum net.
According to marketing agents, Teska Carson’s Adrian Boutsakis and Michael Ludski, the property offers "exceptional" development upside.
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j.ballantyne1990-6AQqhLzZaK

Corner Prahran retail with development potential to go under the hammer

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With the industrial multi-unit development market becoming saturated in Melbourne’s well regarded industrial suburbs, developers are looking for new ways to set their product apart from the competition, according to Herron Todd White (HTW).
The valuation firm noted recent times had seen adaptable spaces with brighter designs.
"Developers will modify the spaces to meet the purchaser’s requirements," the September HTW industrial report noted.
"Such product is being strongly supported by investors assuming strong WALEs and owner-occupiers looking to operate their small businesses or meet their ever- growing storage needs."
HTW also noted the strata industrial space was also being driven by the requirement to redevelop dated and functionally obsolete industrial properties into smaller, concrete tilt panel strata developments.
Most industrial strata spaces comprise a mix of concrete tilt panel and aluminium glazed facades to provide natural lighting and in turn, a positive work environment for their occupants.
"We are seeing strata industrial developments continuing to grow in the inner-city markets, particularly in the inner west, north and east, due to high land values in these areas."
An example of an industrial infill development is 10 Cawley Road, Yarraville 3013, where 50 small strata units have been constructed to provide both self-storage and office/warehouse unit accommodation (ranging between 107 and 203 square metres).
Another development which is combining small scale storage units and high-tech office/warehouse units is The Assembly, located at 329 Bay Road, Cheltenham 3192 (pictured above).
The development is nearing completion with most units being secured by pre-commitment sale transactions prior to completion.
The development focuses on being aesthetically pleasing, as demonstrated by the architecturally designed units and incorporating vertical garden walls, as well as being pragmatic at the same time, creating the perfect balance for occupants.
Where larger land allotments are more readily available and affordable, such as in the outer west and south-eastern markets, HTW suggested there has been an increase in large scale distribution centres being constructed, particularly within proximity of major transport routes.
"As the online shopping market continues to develop, many businesses are seeking to expand their operations to incorporate options for distribution to their customers," the report said. 
"Smaller office to warehouse ratios are being constructed to coincide with technology advances and work-life balance, with employees able to work from home, creating a reduced requirement for high office to warehouse ratios in part."
Aside from the above, currently planned infrastructure upgrades and road projects will benefit the industrial corridors across Victoria and the sector as a whole.
"Projects include the Western Ring Road upgrade, CityLink Tulla widening, West Gate Tunnel project and the anticipated North East Link project.
"The completion of these upgrades will positively impact the aforementioned growth corridors across Melbourne and allow for further efficiencies with regard to transportation and logistics, particularly with regard to the growth in e-commerce and the importance of distribution centres.
"These infrastructure upgrades are creating stable links between destinations, reducing the risk of contingency when transporting goods.
Across the industrial market, rents have continued to stabilise with little movement noted by HTW.
Yields on  the other hand are a different story, in particular well-located investment properties with strong lease covenants and WALEs, with yields continuing to firm.
"We expect that with the supply of englobo industrial land throughout Melbourne, industrial developments will continue to meet demand for both owner- occupiers and investors."
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Melbourne industrial developers trying to stand out as rents stabilise: HTW

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Regional areas of New South Wales have some of the nations strongest performing industrial markets, according to valuation firm Herron Todd White (HTW).
NSW areas Coffs Harbour, Lismore and Orange are the newest locations to reach the peak of the market.
They have joined Griffith, also in NSW, and the Gold Coast, while Dubbo, which was at the peak of the market in HTW's June clock, is now declining and approaching the bottom of the market.
Melbourne dominate the capital city industrial market. They're approaching the peak, while Sydney, Brisbane and Hobart are a rising market.
Click here <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2018/9/3/HTW_COMM.jpg" target="_blank">to enlarge.</a>
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2018/9/3/HTW_COMM.jpg" alt="">
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jonathanchancellor-7SQnKwU6yx

Regional New South Wales shows industrial strength: HTW

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The Victorian Liberal Party has sold its Melbourne CBD headquarters. 
Colliers International Melbourne City Sales team of Daniel Wolman, Matt Stagg and Oliver Hay secured $37.1 million after over 110 genuine enquiries and received 10 strong and reputable bids.
There were $30 million plus hopes for the six-level, blue-chip building on Exhibition Street.
It was sold by the cash-strapped Liberals who took out a $2 million mortgage against the building after their jailed, former state director Damien Mantach stole $1.5 million from the party.
The rentals within the building were earning $1.3 million in rent in 2018 compared to $810,000 in 2016.
<div class="cq-article-content-paras section">
Known as Centenary Hall and built in 1935, the six-level 104 Exhibition Street building was acquired at auction by Vapold Pty Ltd, a Liberal Party vehicle, for $576,000 in 1976.
The circumstances of the party's purchase led to an inquiry after it was sold by the Hamer Liberal Government.
The inquiry cleared the Liberal Party and the Government of any impropriety.
The building has 2,550 square metres of space.
</div>
<div class="cq-article-content-paras section">
The Liberal Party occupies a whole floor in the building while level four has been home to the famed Tolarno Galleries, founded by George and Mirka Mora in the 1960s.
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104 Exhibition Street, Melbourne sold by the Victorian Liberal Party

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The Victorian Liberal Party is selling its Melbourne CBD headquarters.
There's $30 million plus hopes for the six-level, blue-chip building on Exhibition Street.
It is being sold by the cash-strapped Liberals who took out a $2 million mortgage against the building after their jailed, former state director Damien Mantach stole $1.5 million from the party.
The rentals within the building were earning $1.3 million in rent in 2018 compared to $810,000 in 2016.
<div class="cq-article-content-paras section">
Known as Centenary Hall and built in 1935, the six-level 104 Exhibition Street building was acquired at auction by Vapold Pty Ltd, a Liberal Party vehicle, for $576,000 in 1976.
The circumstances of the party's purchase led to an inquiry after it was sold by the Hamer Liberal Government.
The inquiry cleared the Liberal Party and the Government of any impropriety.
The building has 2,550 square metres of space.
</div>
<div class="cq-article-content-paras section">
The Liberal Party occupies a whole floor in the building while level four has been home to the famed Tolarno Galleries, founded by George and Mirka Mora in the 1960s.
</div>
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104 Exhibition Street, Melbourne listed by the Victorian Liberal Party

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Betty's Burgers &amp; Concrete Co. are set to open their third Sydney restaurant as they take a lease on Manly Wharf.
Set to open later this year, Betty's Burgers will sit on the ground level of the two level development of the Manly Wharf, which will feature two new restaurants.
Colliers International agent Joshua Bush, who secured the lease, said locals and tourists will be able to experience a new angle of Sydney’s landscapes, while enjoying a quality restaurant offering with convenient access via the Manly Ferry Terminal.
“The addition of Betty’s Burgers is a big win as this restaurant will support Manly Wharf staying relevant, with changing consumer expectations and dining preferences," Bush said.
“This dining precinct is a refreshing edition to the Northern beaches and once completed, will undoubtedly be one of the most popular dining precincts in Sydney.”
Betty’s Burgers David Hales, who opened up shop in Noosa, says Sydneysiders love their burgers.
“Opening another Sydney location is unbelievably exciting and has truly exceeded our expectations of where we thought we would be four years ago when we opened our original Betty’s in Noosa," Hales said.
“We know the Sydney burger market is competitive, however Sydney seems to love our fresh, tasty burgers and our relaxed beach shack vibe, so we are looking forward to sharing Betty’s with everyone in Manly.”
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Betty's Burgers to open new restaurant at Manly Wharf development

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EXPERT OBSERVER
<div id="post-body-5407871025761201231" class="post-body entry-content">
<div>Investors squashed</div>
<div> </div>
<div>APRA's latest monthly banking statistics reported negative growth in investment loan exposures in July.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Commonwealth Bank, ANZ Bank, Westpac Banking Corp, and Suncorp all recorded an outright decline in outstanding housing investment loans, while NAB's investment loan book was broadly flat. </div>
<div> </div>
<div>Year-on-year growth is either negative or slowing for each of the major banks. </div>
 <div class="separator"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LUd2DkjnNyQ/W4jYw_YUa9I/AAAAAAAAruk/0kMJO3Rn0woMwmcQ8naGWIk90CKq_tM7QCLcBGAs/s1600/APRA1.jpg"><img src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LUd2DkjnNyQ/W4jYw_YUa9I/AAAAAAAAruk/0kMJO3Rn0woMwmcQ8naGWIk90CKq_tM7QCLcBGAs/s640/APRA1.jpg" width="640" height="370" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1380"></a></div>
 <div>The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) also reported that year-on-year investor credit growth hit its lowest level on record in July 2018.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>With annual personal credit growth contracting even further to -1.4 per cent and business credit growth slower than a year earlier at just 3.4 per cent, the growth in total credit is now at the lowest level since the first quarter of 2014.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Lending to homebuyers remains solid, but broad money growth is tracking at quarter-century lows. </div>
<div> </div>
<div class="separator"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-62-d91RX9QY/W4jSs7OqIUI/AAAAAAAAruQ/ecqCCrMsQwQtihDoGVNzZSsggQbVyaE6gCEwYBhgL/s1600/RBA2.jpg"><img src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-62-d91RX9QY/W4jSs7OqIUI/AAAAAAAAruQ/ecqCCrMsQwQtihDoGVNzZSsggQbVyaE6gCEwYBhgL/s640/RBA2.jpg" width="640" height="370" data-original-height="803" data-original-width="1382"></a></div>
 <div>The housing investor market share fell further to 33.2 per cent, now having fallen back in line with the average level for this millennium to date (there have evidently been a few misclassifications along the way). </div>
 <div class="separator"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-WIlXPESvdWQ/W4jStMOt7AI/AAAAAAAAruU/hxDMv58ahysDC9EQi6kVEszUsmxP4QrGgCLcBGAs/s1600/RBA1.jpg"><img src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-WIlXPESvdWQ/W4jStMOt7AI/AAAAAAAAruU/hxDMv58ahysDC9EQi6kVEszUsmxP4QrGgCLcBGAs/s640/RBA1.jpg" width="640" height="352" data-original-height="801" data-original-width="1454"></a></div>
 <div>Equal &amp; opposite reaction</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Housing markets can be a finely balanced affair, with the strong level of rental supply of recent years now set to reverse.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Given that we've been through a period of strong immigration/population growth alongside falling home ownership rates, from a macro perspective presumably this must be leading to rental shortages in some parts of the country (not so much in the big capital cities yet, due to the high level of off the plan apartment purchases through this cycle and the related lag effect). </div>
<div> </div>
<div>I don't have much time to look at it today, but a quick glance at the stats shows rental vacancy rates plunging towards zero in Orange, from certain parts of Adelaide to Ballarat and Canberra, and from Geelong West to Hobart and Moranbah. If the investor squeeze persists Melbourne may be next of the largest metropolises. </div>
<div> </div>
<div>Still plenty of apartment supply to be absorbed in the big cities, but this will be one trend to watch with interest.</div>
<div>
 PETE WARGENT is the co-founder of AllenWargent property buyers (London, Sydney) and a best-selling author and <a href="https://petewargent.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">blogger</a>.
</div>
</div>
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pwargent-M4siyDbqQY

Investors squashed further: Pete Wargent

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There was a silly suggestion the pickup in last weekend's Sydney clearance rate to 59 percent followed Scott Morrison's elevation to Prime Minstership.
But with a dismal 31 percent auction success rate in the Sutherland Shire, that perhaps needs a rethink.
Most economic trends only come after a lag, as the RBA Assistant Governor Luci Ellis recently observed.
But I do expect there will be a sharper focus on housing affordability among politicians between now and the Federal election.
Maybe the next election will even see a marked debate over negative gearing policies unlike the last. 
The recent Federal budget was light on housing initiatives, but Scott Morrison's 2017 budget saw a raft of measures.
Some were pitched at getting headlines, some aimed at long term structural changes, and some pitched as softening demand in what was then a peaking property market, which also happened to help the budget bottom line.
Morrison has been the most attentive to housing affordability of any treasurer in recent times.
He gave a keynote speech last year that noted housing affordability is not a new problem, pointing out, he like anyone in Sydney had actual experience that it has never been easy to buy a home. 
Morrison's first property purchase cost $330,000 with his wife, Jenny, bought in Bronte in 1995, where he grew up as a child, and then they upgraded to the Shire at $920,000 in 2009.
He rightly suggested, dealing with housing affordability must involve a scalpel, not a chainsaw given the likely or even unintended consequences of policy shifts.
He warned declining housing affordability can't be answered with lower economic growth especially as some two million taxpayers have an interest in a residential investment property.
Around 1.3 million of these taxpayers negatively gear, as mum and dad investors put a roof over the head of around a quarter of all renting households in the country.
Morrison has noted the Labor policy disrupting negative gearing would come at a cost, not only for investors but also to the households who rent. 
It was interesting for him to suggest previous governments had avoided dealing with many housing issues "for fear of raising and disappointing expectations."
There are some who argue the long run of low interest rates along with reduced price growth has lessened the need for the provision of negative gearing benefits.
Lower interest rates have cut the cost of money investors borrow and – as a result – the losses being claimed on tax.
But there will be a time when investors will seek out the opportunity.
Taking the prospect of the benefits away will lessen the demand for property.
Labor says its intends to reform negative gearing and the capital tax discount from a yet-to-be-determined date after the next election.
Subject to legislation, investors will likely not be able to use net investment losses on existing properties to offset wage income. And the capital gains tax discount on an investment property will be reduced to 25 per cent.
They have advised the negative gearing changes will be for existing homes, not newly built homes.
It is important to note Labor states that investments and tax arrangements already in place will not face retrospective impacts. 
So I expect there might just be a pickup in investors seeking out the opportunity of buying established property ahead of the election, given the possibility of a Labor win.
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jchancellor-FAypfDUnLy

Labor's negative gearing policy will see investors buy established property ahead of next Federal election

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GUEST OBSERVATION
Last week, the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City held its much anticipated annual central banking conference in Jackson Hole. This year’s topic “Changing Market Structures and Implications for Monetary Policy” garnered even more attention than usual.
This was in no small part because it highlighted that macroeconomists and central bankers now care a lot about what used to be the province of other fields of economics – what firms are doing. As a result, part of the mystery of why advanced economies have had a decade of low inflation and low wage growth is being unlocked.
One of the most interesting papers went right to this issue. Alberto Cavallo of Harvard Business School examined how online retailing – involving easily discoverable prices that are often determined by algorithms – can change the pricing behaviour of more traditional retailers and, it turn, impact inflation overall.
Could it be that the new economy has fundamentally changed how prices are set across the economy, thereby changing inflation dynamics and what our Reserve Bank is prepared to permit? If so it could have a significant effect on the so-called “real economy”.
The short answer is – quite possibly. But the details are both fascinating and important.
Cavallo makes use of data from the Billion Prices Project, which he co-founded with Roberto Rigobon, which scrapes price data from the internet. It contains more than 15 million daily prices, from 1000 retailers, across 60 countries, since 2008 (disclosure: Rigobon and I were colleagues at MIT). Cavallo adds country of origin data from Walmart products and product descriptions from Amazon to construct a proxy for online competition of each good. His data go down to the zip-code level so he can look at how prices vary within the US.
Cavallo shows that price changes have been happening more frequently. Multi-channel retailers – who sell both online and in “bricks-and-mortar” stores – have gone from changing prices once every 6.7 months in 2008–2010 to every 3.7 months in 2014–2017. Often these changes are cuts. This “rapid change effect” is strongest in categories like electronics and household goods, where online retailers have high market share.
The clear conclusion is that online competition is intense due to the easy availability of information about competitors’ pricing, and the ability to change prices cheaply, quickly, and often even algorithmically. Added to this is that charging different prices in different locations seems, from the data, to be harder than before because consumers can find out.
As one might expect, this also facilitates the rapid passthrough of shocks to prices that come from movements in exchange rates or fuel prices.
All of this means that there is more of a lid on prices than in the past – so lower average inflation – this is the “Amazon effect”. This would help explain why the US has 3.9% unemployment but no sign yet of runaway inflation.
The other implication is that retail prices are less insulated from macroeconomic shocks than in the past. This makes it harder to central banks to glean how the economy is travelling. In essence, prices contain more noise and less signal.
For Australia and the Reserve Bank the implications are similar, if a little more muted than in the US. Online retailing is not yet as widespread. But in many ways it doesn’t need to be widespread to discipline prices. The mere possibility that goods can be purchased online is enough to discipline traditional retailers.
As game theorists like to say, “out-of-equilibrium threats matter”. This could be a leading explanation for why inflation is low in Australia despite low interest rates and relatively low unemployment.
Because the Australian dollar is fairly volatile and we do import goods worth about 20% of GDP the “noise-to-signal” effect could be particularly strong in Australia – making things harder for the Reserve Bank.
The new economy has changed the overall economy in a host of ways from casualisation and the gig-economy to lower prices and new products. It will probably lead to a new era of monetary policy, but we don’t know what. As Reserve governor Phil Lowe is fond of saying: “time will tell”.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/102338/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;">
Richard Holden, Professor of Economics and PLuS Alliance Fellow, UNSW
This article was originally published on <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a>. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/vital-signs-online-retailing-is-changing-our-lives-whether-we-use-it-or-not-102338" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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