High-profile apartment defect cases have changed the way many NSW buyers approach purchasing, putting greater scrutiny on building quality, strata records and the parties behind a development before a contract is signed.

The industry buyers are assessing today, however, is also different from the one in which cases such as Opal Tower and Mascot Towers emerged.

NSW has introduced a series of regulatory measures aimed at strengthening oversight of apartment construction, including Building Commission NSW, the Residential Apartment Buildings Act 2020 and the Strata Building Bond and Inspections Scheme. Under the latter, developers are required to lodge a bond, with independent inspections forming part of the process for identifying defects in new strata developments.

Those changes provide another layer of protection, but they haven't removed the importance of buyer due diligence.

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For purchasers considering an apartment, that means looking beyond the residence itself. Building and strata history, strata reports, the track record of the builder and developer, the condition of common property and any known or planned expenditure by the owners corporation can all form part of assessing a building before purchase.

Whether the development is already complete can also materially change what can be assessed.

An off-the-plan purchaser is necessarily buying before the finished product exists. A completed apartment, by comparison, can be walked through before contracts are signed, allowing the purchaser to see the finishes, common areas and broader building as they have actually been delivered rather than relying solely on plans and renders.

It also removes exposure to some of the uncertainties that exist between an off-the-plan purchase and completion, including construction delays, cost pressures and builder insolvency during the delivery period.

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<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/project-marketer/equitifund-group">Projects by Equitifund</a> National Sales Director Ben Hamblett said that greater focus on tangible evidence is increasingly evident among apartment purchasers.

“The biggest shift we're seeing is buyers wanting proof, not promises,” Hamblett said.

“That's exactly why we deal in completed stock - you can inspect the building before you commit - and why we've backed every purchase with a cash bond against special levies.”

At <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/the-lennox-parramatta-12-phillip-street-parramatta-nsw-2150">The Lennox</a> in Parramatta, that emphasis on a completed, inspectable product is already in place.

The 413-apartment, 46-level tower at 12 Phillip Street is being marketed by Projects by Equitifund, allowing prospective purchasers to inspect the residences, common areas and resident facilities before committing.

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The Lennox also introduces another layer to the due-diligence conversation through Strata Surety.

The vendor-funded arrangement provides purchasers with a cash-backed bond held in their own solicitor's trust account from settlement. According to Equitifund, the bond covers any special levy raised during the applicable cover period and is provided at no cost to the purchaser.

Special levies can create an unexpected cost for apartment owners where an owners corporation needs funding beyond its existing strata contributions. Under NSW strata law, a special levy requires approval by owners at a general meeting.

Equitifund Executive Chairman Greg Huxley said Strata Surety was designed to provide something more concrete than reassurance about that potential exposure.

“Buyers have every right to ask hard questions about strata risk - the industry has given them plenty of reasons to,” Huxley said.

“Our answer isn't a reassurance, it's a bond. Strata Surety puts real money behind that confidence, held by the buyer's own solicitor, not by us.”

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For The Lennox, its completed status also means purchasers can assess not only the apartment itself, but a building that has already been occupied and operating for several years.

Completed in 2021, the $300 million development, designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/marchese-partners">Marchese Partners</a>, comprises one, two, three and four-bedroom apartments, with open-plan living areas extending to private balconies. Interiors incorporate engineered timber flooring, stone benchtops and integrated appliances, while many upper-level residences have views across the river and surrounding district.

Its established amenity can similarly be inspected in operation. Resident facilities include the Watermark precinct with a 20-metre pool, outdoor terrace, barbecue areas, gym, fitness studio and conference room, while ground-floor retail addresses the river walk and surrounding public space.

The Lennox is also home to the Southern Hemisphere's first fully robotic residential car park, which has now operated for several years. Its nine-level basement combines three conventional parking levels with six automated levels, accommodating 327 vehicles using technology from German firm Lödige Industries.

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The riverfront address puts The Lennox close to much of central <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/parramatta-nsw-2150">Parramatta</a>'s existing infrastructure, including Parramatta Station, Westfield Parramatta, Parramatta Park, and the Church Street dining precinct.

The remaining apartments form part of a limited release secured by Equitifund, following the sale of the majority of residences before and shortly after completion.

The regulatory environment around NSW apartment construction has changed considerably since the defect cases that reshaped public discussion around the sector. For purchasers, however, regulation is only one part of the equation. The ability to investigate a building's history, review its strata position and, where possible, inspect what has actually been delivered remains central to making an informed apartment purchase.

At The Lennox, its completed status provides that opportunity before contracts are signed, while Strata Surety adds a financial backstop against special levies beyond the protections already provided under NSW strata law.

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Joel Robinson

Buying with confidence: What NSW apartment buyers should check beyond the defect headlines

Too often, heritage buildings become the podium for a contemporary tower. At <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/623-collins-607-623-collins-street-melbourne-vic-3000">623 Collins</a>, <a>Sterling Global</a> challenged its design team to reverse that process.

The brief to <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/plus-studio">Plus Studio</a> was deliberately simple: "Don't design around the heritage. Design from it." It became the philosophy behind a project that draws inspiration not only from two landmark heritage buildings, but from Collins Street itself, a street layered with architectural history and civic significance.

That philosophy has shaped one of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/melbourne-vic-3000">Melbourne</a> CBD's most considered residential projects, where the 1924 State Savings Bank and neighbouring Batman's Hill Hotel have become the architectural foundation for 623 Collins rather than remnants preserved beneath a new development.

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Rather than approaching the site as a blank canvas, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/sterling-global">Sterling Global</a> saw the existing buildings as the beginning of the story.

"Sites like this rarely become available," the developer said.

"623 Collins wasn't simply an opportunity to develop a prominent CBD site. It was an opportunity to restore and reimagine one of Melbourne's important heritage landmarks while contributing to the continued evolution of Collins Street. For us, the existing buildings weren't constraints. They were the beginning of the story."

Instead of mimicking the ornate heritage architecture, Plus Studio studied the proportions, rhythm and craftsmanship of the original buildings before translating those characteristics into a contemporary 42-storey tower.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145324 project_image_fid=372748]

"The brief challenged us to create a contemporary landmark that respected Melbourne's architectural history without becoming nostalgic," Plus Studio said.

"Rather than mimicking heritage, we sought to understand its proportions, rhythm and material language before translating those qualities into a distinctly contemporary architectural expression."

The practice says the State Savings Bank and Batman's Hill Hotel became the project's primary source of inspiration, allowing the heritage buildings and contemporary architecture to exist "in conversation rather than contrast." Generous planted terraces further soften the transition between old and new, creating elevated green spaces while reinforcing the dialogue between the restored podium and the contemporary tower.

That dialogue continues throughout the interiors, where Melbourne designer Fiona Lynch developed a material palette inspired by the idea of alchemy, balancing contrasting materials that reference both the Neo-Grec detailing of the original bank and contemporary urban living. The result is a series of spaces that feel timeless rather than trend-driven.

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The project will deliver 316 residences across four collections, Heirloom, Signature, Reserve and the Penthouse Collection, with each responding differently to its position within the building, from the restored heritage podium through to the upper levels of the tower. The Heirloom Residences retain defining heritage elements including original heritage windows, generous proportions and high ceilings, while the tower introduces contemporary homes with expansive layouts and elevated views.

Amenities have likewise been designed to support long-term city living rather than short-stay convenience. Residents will have access to concierge services, wellness facilities including a pool, cold plunge, sauna, steam room and gym, alongside private lounges, entertaining spaces and dedicated resident clubs.

Sterling Global says that approach is resonating with buyers seeking permanence rather than novelty.

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According to the sales team, purchasers are looking for enduring architecture, generous floorplans, heritage character and long-term value, with many commenting that 623 Collins "doesn't feel like another apartment development" because of the way the architecture has been curated around the site's history.

Situated on the prominent corner of Collins and Spencer streets, the project occupies one of Melbourne's most recognisable gateway sites, marking the western entrance to the city's best-known street. For Sterling Global, it also reflects a broader shift in city-making.

"Rather than maximising development yield, the project embraces adaptive reuse as a design philosophy, allowing heritage to inform architecture, interiors and the overall resident experience," the developer said.

"The result is a building that feels uniquely connected to Melbourne."

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=145324]

How Sterling Global designed 623 Collins from Melbourne's history

Avant Townhomes is adding to Ivanhoe’s family-sized housing options with <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-townhouses/three-82-ivanhoe-382-upper-heidelberg-road-ivanhoe-vic-3079">Three 82</a>, a collection of just 16 four-bedroom townhomes on Upper Heidelberg Road.

The <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/intrapac-property">Intrapac Property</a> townhome division has taken a contemporary approach to the traditional family home, pairing larger floorplans with the lower-maintenance format of a townhouse.

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Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/arcadia-studio">Arcadia</a>, with landscaping by Landsite, the homes feature generous open-plan living and dining areas that connect directly to outdoor spaces, with layouts also designed to maximise natural light and privacy.

Natural stone is used throughout the interiors, including in kitchens that pair stone surfaces with bespoke cabinetry, considered storage and SMEG appliances.

The four-bedroom layouts include built-in wardrobes and a main bedroom with its own ensuite, while family bathrooms service the additional bedrooms. Each home also includes a lock-up double garage and intercom entry.

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Energy efficiency has been incorporated into the design through solar panels, double glazing and reverse-cycle heating and cooling, with the homes targeting 7-star energy ratings.

Rather than incorporating extensive communal facilities, Three 82 has been conceived around private residential amenity, with the 16-home scale keeping the focus on individual homes and their own indoor and outdoor spaces.

The development is located at 382 Upper Heidelberg Road, around one kilometre from Ivanhoe Village's cafés and retail and a short drive from Eaglemont Station and Ivanhoe Station.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=152069 project_image_fid=374393]

Several of Ivanhoe's established schools are also nearby, including Ivanhoe Girls' Grammar and Ivanhoe Grammar School. The address also provides access to the suburb's parklands and the wider Yarra River corridor.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/project-marketer/nelson-alexander">Nelson Alexander</a> has been appointed to handle sales.

Construction is underway and progressing well, with Three 82 currently tracking toward completion in Q2 2027.

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Three 82 brings boutique four-bedroom townhome collection to Ivanhoe

Builder-developer&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/graya">Graya</a> has secured a prime Newstead site from fellow developer Fraser, subsequently lodging plans for The Silo, a major mixed-use residential project in Newstead designed around a new public laneway linking the James Street precinct with the wider Gasworks and Newstead neighbourhood.

Proposed for the corner of Chester and Morse streets, the <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/bureauproberts">Bureau^Proberts</a>-designed project places its strongest emphasis at ground level, where retail, landscaping and a new cobblestone pedestrian connection would open the site to the surrounding neighbourhood. The design team describes The Silo as “more than a residential building”, positioning the development as an extension of Newstead’s public realm rather than a standalone apartment tower.

“A new cobblestone laneway and landscaped connection between James Street and Gasworks unlock a missing pedestrian link, improving walkability and stitching together two of Brisbane’s significant urban destinations,” Bureau Proberts said in its Urban Design Report.

<img alt="First look: Graya plans The Silo as new pedestrian link between James Street and Gasworks" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="0ea1b06a-75f5-40a5-b2c5-33c97bc86052" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/silo%20bldg.png?VersionId=KmjsAtNePu57_B31EM_DJ5T6KPJHtcmo" />

The Silo is planned as a mixed-use development incorporating apartments alongside a bar and centre activities including food and drink outlets, indoor sport and recreation, office and retail uses.

Architecturally, Bureau Proberts has conceived the building as a collection of vertically expressed, stepping forms rather than a single uniform tower. The composition rises from an articulated podium before being broken by a triple-height landscaped recreation level, with the upper section becoming more compact before terminating in a landscaped rooftop garden.

The project's name and architectural language draw directly from Newstead's industrial history. Patterned off-form concrete is proposed as the principal façade material, complemented by slender metal rod balustrades and extensive planting. The cylindrical and vertically ribbed elements give the building its silo-like expression, while curved balconies and planted edges introduce a softer subtropical layer.

“The Silo reinterprets its robust forms, scale and materiality through a contemporary subtropical architectural expression, creating a building that acknowledges its industrial legacy, while responding to the way the precinct is occupied today,” Bureau^Proberts said.

The recreation level is one of the defining breaks in the tower. Plans include a lap pool, mature subtropical planting and shared resident facilities within an elevated communal garden. Landscaping continues through the podium and onto the rooftop, where a further garden forms what the architects describe as a “subtropical crown” to the building.

<img alt="First look: Graya plans The Silo as new pedestrian link between James Street and Gasworks" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="f8451036-35a4-49a9-8d88-2ef4438eba3d" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Silo%20Lane.png?VersionId=h8N31_rYmCEqoNrpt4kbYVQhJGZn60LH" />

At street level, the development has been designed to establish a more permeable block. Retail and hospitality tenancies address the public realm, while landscaped pedestrian spaces lead into the new laneway connection. Renders in the design report show the proposed “Silo Lane” as a substantial opening through the podium, framed by cylindrical concrete forms with cascading planting above.

The Silo continues Graya's move into larger apartment developments after building its reputation across high-end residential projects in Brisbane and the Gold Coast.

Graya buys Frasers Newstead site, plans The Silo between James Street and Gasworks precincts

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/wickton">Wickton</a>’s completed Linacre Rise development in Hampton is giving Bayside downsizers the opportunity to move into a spacious apartment near the beach, with the developer covering stamp duty for a limited time.

The 27-residence development has been designed for buyers who want to simplify their living arrangements without giving up the space, warmth and quality associated with a long-term family home. Most apartments have already been secured by Bayside locals, leaving a select collection of two and three-bedroom residences and penthouses available.

Two-bedroom apartments are priced from $1.275 million, three-bedroom residences from $2.25 million and penthouses from $3.375 million, with the completed homes available to inspect and move into now.

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<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/linacre-rise-hampton-8-10-linacre-road-hampton-vic-3188">Linacre Rise</a> occupies an elevated position on one of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/hampton-vic-3188">Hampton</a>’s quiet, tree-lined streets, around 250 metres from the bay and 500 metres from Hampton’s village centre. Its setting gives residents access to the beach, local cafés, shops and Hampton Train Station while retaining the feel of an established residential neighbourhood.

Architecture and interiors by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/ewert-leaf">Ewert Leaf</a> draw on the warmth and permanence of traditional brickwork, with the building integrated into terraced landscaping by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/landscape-architect/john-patrick-landscape-architects">John Patrick</a>. Ground-floor apartments are elevated above the street and include private garden courtyards, while several upper-level residences have generous balconies and outlooks toward the bay.

Inside, the residences favour natural materials and generous proportions. Herringbone-pattern European oak flooring, natural stone benchtops, premium joinery and Swiss V-ZUG appliances are among the key inclusions, while integrated storage has been incorporated across kitchens, bathrooms, studies and living areas.

The kitchens have been planned as practical spaces for both everyday use and entertaining, with substantial island benches, detailed cabinetry and adjoining dining and living zones. Full-height wardrobes, plush bedroom carpeting and carefully considered lighting reinforce the residential character Wickton sought to retain for buyers moving from larger homes.

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A Linacre Rise purchaser said the completed apartment had delivered the space, outlook and construction quality they had been seeking.

“The unit is very light, has views to die for over the bay, all construction materials and fittings are premium quality, we have secure parking for three cars, EV charging at very competitive rates, the neighbours are friendly and there is just a lovely ambiance about the place,” the purchaser said.

Environmental features include solar panels, shared electric vehicle charging stations, rainwater harvesting for toilet flushing and landscape irrigation, double-glazed windows and water-efficient fixtures and appliances.

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The development was built by Balmain &amp; Co, with Wickton managing the broader development process through its in-house team.

For downsizers, the project’s completed status removes much of the uncertainty associated with buying off the plan. Purchasers can inspect the finished apartments, understand their outlook and proportions, and move in without waiting for construction to conclude.

The remaining selection includes north-oriented balconies, corner configurations and penthouses with elevated bay views. The developer-paid stamp duty initiative is available for a limited time, with potential savings of up to $200,000 depending on the residence purchased.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=95289]

Limited-time stamp duty offer at completed Linacre Rise apartments in Hampton

Sydney’s property market is known for high prices, competitive bidding, and mounting pressure on first home buyers. But change is on the horizon.

From late 2025, eligible first home buyers in New South Wales will have access to a new federal government initiative aimed at addressing affordability: the Help to Buy Scheme.&nbsp;

<h2>What is the Help to Buy Scheme?</h2>

The program introduces a shared equity model intended to reduce the upfront cost of entering the property market, particularly in high-demand urban areas such as Sydney.

The scheme operates under a shared ownership structure in which the federal government takes an equity stake of up to 40 per cent for new homes, or 30 per cent for existing dwellings. This arrangement allows eligible buyers to significantly reduce their loan size and avoid the added cost of Lenders Mortgage Insurance (LMI).

Under this model, purchasers can enter the property market with as little as a two per cent deposit, well below the traditional 10 to 20 per cent usually required. The government’s contribution is not a loan but a co-ownership stake in the property. As such, there is no interest or rent charged on its portion.

Because the government’s equity combined with the buyer’s deposit typically meets or exceeds the 20 per cent threshold, LMI does not apply. The remaining balance, generally between 60 and 70 per cent of the property’s value, is financed through a standard home loan with a participating lender.

The government's equity in the property remains in place until the buyer chooses to repay it voluntarily or until the property is sold. Buyers can buy back the government’s share over time, in increments of at least five per cent, depending on their financial situation.

There is no fixed repayment timeline, but the amount to be repaid will be based on the property's market value at the time of repayment, not the original purchase price.

<h2>How do you qualify for the&nbsp;Help to Buy Scheme?</h2>

To qualify for the Help to Buy Scheme, applicants must meet the following conditions:

<ul>
	<li>Be an Australian citizen at least 18 years of age.</li>
	<li>Be a first-home buyer who does not currently own property.</li>
	<li>Intend to live in the property as their primary residence.</li>
	<li>Earn less than $100,000 per year for individuals, or $160,000 for couples.</li>
	<li>Purchase a property within the regional price caps, currently $950,000 in Sydney, though this is expected to rise to approximately $1.3 million ahead of the program’s launch.</li>
</ul>

While the Help to Buy Scheme does not solve affordability challenges across the board, it does offer a more accessible pathway for a defined segment of the market, particularly younger buyers with moderate incomes who have been priced out of traditional lending routes.

The scheme is expected to commence in NSW in late 2025, as part of a national rollout.

Under the new model, purchasers can enter the property market with as little as a two per cent deposit, well below the traditional 10 to 20 per cent usually required

Help to Buy Scheme: What first home buyers in NSW need to know

The First Home Owners Grant (FHOG) is a government initiative designed to help eligible first-time home buyers by offering financial assistance towards the purchase or construction of a new home.

While the FHOG is a nationwide program, it is administered separately by each state and territory, meaning the eligibility criteria, grant amounts, and property requirements can vary depending on your location. This means that the amount available and the conditions attached to the grant will differ, so it is important to check the specific guidelines for your state or territory.

It’s important to note that the FHOG is just one of several incentives available to first home buyers. In most states and territories, the grant is not linked to stamp duty exemptions or concessions, with the exception of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The FHOG is typically a one-off payment, reducing the overall cost of purchasing or building a new home before any stamp duty concessions are applied.

Below, we provide a breakdown of the First Home Owner Grants available across Australia, outlining the specific details for each state and territory.

<h2>New South Wales First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Offers a $10,000 grant for new homes valued up to $600,000. For land purchases and owner-builders, the threshold extends to $750,000.

Stamp Duty Benefits: Provides full stamp duty exemption for homes valued up to $800,000, with concessions available for properties up to $1 million.

<h2>Victoria South Wales First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Provides a $10,000 grant for first-home buyers purchasing or building new homes valued up to $750,000.

Stamp Duty Benefits: Offers full stamp duty exemption for properties up to $600,000, with concessions available up to $750,000.

<h2>Queensland First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Offers $30,000 for contracts signed between 20 November 2023 and 30 June 2025. The FHOG applies to new homes valued up to $750,000.

Stamp Duty Concessions: Provides additional concessions for properties valued up to $800,000.

<h2>Western Australia First Home Owner Grant</h2>

&nbsp;

First Home Owner Grant: Offers a $10,000 grant for new homes valued up to $750,000 in the southern regions and up to $1 million in the northern regions.

Stamp Duty Concessions: Available for homes valued up to $600,000 for transactions entered into on or after 9 May 2024.

<h2>Australian Capital Territory First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Replaced by the Home Buyer Concession Scheme, offering full stamp duty concessions for eligible buyers.

<h2>South Australia First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Provides up to $15,000 for new homes, including houses, apartments, and townhouses. As of 6 June 2024, there is no property value cap for eligibility.

Stamp Duty Relief: Available for new homes and vacant land purchases.

<h2>Tasmania First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: Offers a $10,000 grant for new homes and off the plan purchases.

Stamp Duty Exemption: Between 18 February 2024 and 30 June 2026, first home buyers of established homes valued up to $750,000 receive a full exemption on property transfer duty.

<h2>Northern Territory First Home Owner Grant</h2>

First Home Owner Grant: The Northern Territory provides a $10,000 grant for new homes only. Additional government grants and concessions are available for first home buyers.

Stamp Duty Exemption: The only stamp duty exemption available to property buyers is the House and Land Package Exemption (HLPE).

Eligibility criteria and application processes differ across states. Prospective buyers should refer to their respective state revenue offices for full details on grant availability, conditions, and additional concessions.

Every First Home Owner Grant for new property by state

In the ever-evolving landscape of sustainable architecture and environmentally conscious design, systems and ratings in place can help determine the energy efficiency of residential buildings in Australia.

Australia has multiple building rating systems that evaluate energy efficiency and sustainability in existing and new building designs.

Some systems assess individual building components, while others provide an overall rating for the entire structure.

A rating system ensures that homes are comfortable and energy-efficient, whether you are buying, renovating, or building.

NatHERS (Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme) is a common way for new homes to meet energy efficiency requirements.

As new developments continue to shape the urban environment, understanding NatHERS ratings becomes essential for developers and homeowners. This article delves into the concept of NatHERS ratings, their significance, and how they contribute to creating energy-efficient homes.

<h2>What is NatHERS?</h2>

NatHERS is a national initiative implemented by the Australian government to promote energy efficiency in residential buildings. The scheme aims to provide a standardised method for assessing the thermal performance of homes, considering factors such as insulation, orientation, ventilation, and building materials.&nbsp;

NatHERS ratings are the most common way new homes meet the National Construction Code's (NCC's) minimum energy efficiency requirements.&nbsp;

NatHERS assessments provide thermal and whole-home ratings for new homes, townhouses, and apartments.

The rating helps evaluate the energy performance of buildings, guides homeowners and developers to make informed decisions about the energy efficiency of their properties, and encourages the construction of more sustainable, comfortable, and cost-effective homes.

<h2>How NatHERS Ratings Work</h2>

NatHERS ratings are determined through four accredited software tools (AccuRate, BERS Pro, FirstRate5, HERO) using a calculation engine CSIRO developed to predict building temperature based on various factors.

The tools can model complex effects of building mass, insulation, window size, and other elements.

The outcome is a star rating that reflects the building's overall thermal efficiency, indicating how well it can maintain a comfortable indoor temperature without excessive reliance on heating or cooling systems.

The star rating scale ranges from 0 to 10, with a 6-star rating being the minimum requirement for compliance with the National Construction Code (NCC).&nbsp;

Achieving a higher star rating demonstrates a commitment to energy efficiency and sustainability, as the building is better equipped to minimise its environmental impact and reduce long-term energy costs.

Anyone can use NatHERS tools, but accredited assessors can provide certified ratings and professional advice.

<h2>Benefits of Higher NatHERS Ratings</h2>

Energy Efficiency: Buildings with higher NatHERS ratings are more energy-efficient, requiring less heating and cooling energy. This reduces the structure's carbon footprint and lowers occupants' energy bills.

Cost Savings: Homes with higher NatHERS ratings are generally more energy-efficient, resulting in reduced energy consumption for heating and cooling. This translates to lower energy bills for homeowners, making sustainable living environmentally friendly and economically viable in the long run.

Environmental Impact: Lower energy consumption directly translates to a reduced environmental impact. Buildings with higher NatHERS ratings contribute to the overall goal of mitigating climate change by lowering greenhouse gas emissions associated with heating and cooling systems.

Improved Comfort: Buildings with high NatHERS ratings offer better thermal comfort to occupants. Proper insulation, well-designed ventilation, and optimal orientation maintain a consistent and comfortable indoor temperature, providing occupants with a more enjoyable and healthier space.

Market Value and Desirability: Higher NatHERS ratings can enhance the market value of a property. As energy efficiency becomes a more significant consideration for homebuyers, a well-rated building may attract a premium price and stand out in the real estate market.

Compliance with Building Codes: NatHERS ratings are a vital component of the National Construction Code (NCC), and compliance with these ratings is often a mandatory requirement for new developments. Local councils and planning authorities may set minimum energy efficiency standards that must be met to obtain development approval.

The Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme (NatHERS) is a crucial initiative shaping the future of energy-efficient, resilient, and cost-effective homes. With its recent upgrades, NatHERS has evolved into a world-leading tool for the building sector, supporting the global commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.

Staff Writer

What is a NatHERS rating in new off the plan apartment developments?

Mixed-use developments have gained significant popularity across Australia in recent years due to their unique blend of residential, commercial, and recreational spaces.

Unlike traditional single-purpose developments, mixed-use projects offer a harmonious integration of various functions within a single locale.

Residential units seamlessly coexist with commercial establishments, retail outlets, dining venues, entertainment hubs, and recreational facilities, with the combination not only enhances convenience but also fosters a vibrant lifestyle and a sense of community.

<h3>Convenience and accessibility</h3>

Mixed-use developments are designed with convenience in mind. They often integrate residential units with commercial spaces, retail outlets, restaurants, and recreational facilities, creating a self-contained community.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=114215 project_image_fid=204874]

The proximity allows residents to enjoy the convenience of having essential amenities and services within walking distance. Whether it's grabbing a cup of coffee, going grocery shopping, or accessing healthcare services, everything is conveniently located, saving residents time and effort.

<h3>Vibrant lifestyle and community</h3>

One of the major advantages of mixed-use developments is the vibrant lifestyle they offer. With a diverse range of amenities and communal spaces, residents have ample opportunities to interact, socialise, and build a sense of community.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=107714 project_image_fid=214122]

The presence of parks, community centres, and shared spaces fosters a lively atmosphere, encouraging residents to engage in various activities and events. The vibrant lifestyle within these developments creates a unique sense of belonging and camaraderie among the residents.

<h3>Potential for higher rental yields and property value appreciation</h3>

Mixed-use developments tend to attract a broad range of tenants and buyers due to their versatile nature. This high demand can result in higher rental yields for investors and potentially lead to property value appreciation over time.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=139989 project_image_fid=212887]

The integration of commercial and retail spaces attracts businesses, which can provide a stable rental income stream. Additionally, the popularity of mixed-use developments often drives up property values, making them a potentially lucrative investment in the long term.

<h3>Enhanced security and maintenance</h3>

Mixed-use developments typically have comprehensive security measures in place. With controlled access points, CCTV surveillance, and professional security staff, residents can enjoy enhanced safety and peace of mind.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=108019 project_image_fid=212658]

Additionally, these developments often have dedicated maintenance teams responsible for the upkeep of common areas, landscaping, and infrastructure. This ensures that the overall appearance and functionality of the development are well-maintained, creating a pleasant living environment for residents.

<h3>Live-work-play balance</h3>

One of the key attractions of mixed-use developments is the ability to achieve a desirable live-work-play balance. The integration of residential and commercial spaces allows residents to live closer to their workplaces, reducing commuting time and improving work-life balance.

The proximity to various amenities and recreational facilities encourages an active and healthy lifestyle. Residents can easily access fitness centres, parks, restaurants, and entertainment options, all within the same development, leading to a more fulfilling and convenient way of life.

alisonwarters@gmail.com

The top five reasons to buy in a mixed-use development

When buying a property, everyone needs to be aware of the additional costs that come as part of the buying process.

Often the largest outlay, after the deposit which goes to the bank, is stamp duty.

<h2 style="line-height: 1.38;">What is Stamp Duty?</h2>

Stamp duty is an extra tax to pay the government when you buy land, a property, and other certain assets.

It happens when the legal ownership is transferred. It can also be known as property transfer duty or transfer duty.

<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="415" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/C32BWkB5--c" title="YouTube video player" width="660"></iframe>

<h2>Who pays Stamp Duty?</h2>

In some circumstances, you may get an exemption. For some states, you won’t have to pay for stamp duty if you are a first home buyer or a pensioner for houses under a particular price. There are also stamp duty concessions, where you may be entitled to a discount.

<h2>How much does Stamp Duty cost?</h2>

Each state has different rules which affect how much you need to pay. These rules can affect the rate you pay, and the timeframe you will need to pay in. Before you buy land or a property, make sure you check the up-to-date information for your state’s stamp duty.

You can use a free stamp duty calculator online to see approximately how much you’ll need to pay. Find out if you’re eligible for an exemption by enquiring on a project via Urban!

Overall, the stamp duty you need to pay will depend on:

<ul>
	<li aria-level="1">How much your land/property is worth</li>
	<li aria-level="1">Where your land/property is located</li>
	<li aria-level="1">What type of land/property it is</li>
</ul>

Want to find out more? <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@UrbanAustralia?utm_source=YouTube&amp;utm_medium=Video&amp;utm_campaign=Subscribe&amp;utm_id=Subscribe">Subscribe to our YouTube channel</a> for more property videos.

Ellen Walker

Off-the-plan property explained: What is stamp duty?

For most Australians, buying an apartment is one of the biggest financial decisions they'll ever make

The location, floorplan and price are often the first considerations, but in recent years another question has become increasingly important: who is actually delivering the project?

A series of high-profile builder collapses, construction delays and defect concerns have fundamentally changed how many Victorians approach buying off the plan. The collapse of Porter Davis in 2023, which reportedly left around 1,700 homes unfinished, became one of the most visible examples of the risks that can emerge when a construction company fails. <a href="https://www.equifax.com.au/sites/default/files/lpassets/pdf/Final-Business-Market-Pulse-June-Sector-Deep-Dive-Report-2.pdf">Similar challenges across the broader construction sector</a> have left buyers asking more questions before signing a contract.

As Victoria continues encouraging higher-density housing to address supply shortages, transparency is becoming just as important as location or price.

One tool increasingly entering the conversation is the <a href="https://icirt.com/">Independent Construction Industry Rating Tool (iCIRT)</a>, an independent assessment framework designed to help buyers better understand the developer or builder behind a project. Originally developed by Equifax in consultation with government and industry as part of NSW's Construct NSW reforms, the system has since expanded nationally.

<h2 data-end="1519" data-section-id="7nmx3" data-start="1492">What is an iCIRT rating?</h2>

Most Australians are familiar with independent ratings in everyday life.

We compare ANCAP safety ratings before buying a car. We look at Health Star Ratings in supermarkets. Banks rely on credit assessments when lending money.

Until recently, however, there has been very little independent information available to help apartment buyers assess the business responsible for delivering a residential project.

That gap is what iCIRT was designed to address.

Builders, developers and other construction professionals with an iCIRT rating have demonstrated high-trust characteristics through an independent, evidence-based assessment across six criteria: Character, Capability, Conduct, Capacity, Capital and Counterparties. This involves a rigorous review of financial health, past project track record, and ethical conduct. Crucially, an iCIRT rating could help provide property buyers with confidence that they are working with a professional who has demonstrated the capability, capacity, and willingness to return and rectify issues.

Importantly, iCIRT is not a recommendation to purchase a particular property, nor is it a traditional credit rating. It is an independent assessment framework designed to provide objective information about a construction business using a <a href="https://icirt.com/sites/default/files/2025-08/iCIRT-Methodology-Issue1-May-2021.pdf">published methodology</a>.

The system has been widely adopted in New South Wales, where more than one-third of medium and large residential builders and developers now hold an iCIRT rating, representing over two-thirds of the state's residential building market by value as of 2025/26.

<h2 data-end="3126" data-section-id="h6ohtj" data-start="3084">Why buyers are doing more due diligence</h2>

For many buyers, particularly those purchasing off the plan, the biggest risk isn't whether they'll like the kitchen finishes.

It's whether the project will be delivered on time, to the expected quality, and by a company capable of completing the development.

<a href="https://icirt.com/sites/default/files/2026-07/iCIRT%202025%20Consumer%20Survey%20Report%20v05.pdf">Consumer research commissioned by iCIRT</a> found more than half of respondents believed current protections do not adequately safeguard buyers from builder insolvencies or defective projects. Other research found 88 per cent of prospective buyers would seek independent ratings or due diligence before purchasing, while 90 per cent said trust in construction professionals is essential.

That doesn't mean buyers should rely on a single rating alone.

Independent legal advice, understanding the contract, and seeking financial advice all remain important parts of the due diligence process.

However, an independent assessment can provide another source of information alongside those traditional checks.

<h2 data-end="4138" data-section-id="pquzxc" data-start="4094">Trust is becoming a competitive advantage</h2>

The conversation isn't only changing for buyers.

Developers are also recognising that trust has become an increasingly important part of the sales process.

Five years ago, purchasers typically asked about floorplans, finishes and settlement dates.

Today, sales teams are increasingly being asked about the developer's experience, financial stability, previous projects and construction partners.

For companies with strong governance and established delivery records, an independent iCIRT rating provides another way to demonstrate those credentials before buyers even visit a display suite.

According to Equifax, the assessment can also help businesses drive sales and <a href="https://icirt.com/resources-for-business/icirt-rating-helps-scion-secure-high-value-projects">secure high-value projects</a>, as well as identify operational improvements and <a href="https://icirt.com/resources-for-business/mirvac-reinforces-brand-trust-and-quality-independent-icirt-rating">attract top talent</a>.

<h2 data-end="4962" data-section-id="1j54ng5" data-start="4912">Beyond buyers: lenders are paying attention too</h2>

The influence of independent construction ratings is also extending beyond consumers.

According to Stamford Capital's Real Estate Debt Capital Markets Survey, an increasing number of lenders now incorporate iCIRT ratings into their due diligence processes when assessing residential development finance applications.

The survey found lender adoption has continued to rise, with many respondents saying independent assessments provide additional insight into governance, counterparties and delivery capability beyond traditional financial analysis. Some lenders also reported declining funding applications where businesses had poor or no ratings.

As construction costs remain elevated and access to development finance becomes more selective, demonstrating credibility is becoming increasingly valuable.

<h2 data-end="5801" data-section-id="1qazuxs" data-start="5772">What it means for Victoria</h2>

Victoria's apartment market is entering a new phase.

The state is seeking to accelerate higher-density housing while simultaneously introducing reforms aimed at improving confidence in residential construction.

For buyers, that means there are more tools available than ever before to research the businesses behind a project.

For developers, it signals that transparency is becoming another point of differentiation in an increasingly competitive market.

Buyers are asking more questions than ever before and increasingly expecting independent information, not just marketing material, before making one of the biggest financial commitments of their lives.

Find out how to get iCIRT rated <a href="https://www.icirt.com/sites/default/files/2025-08/iCIRT-Infographic-Assessment-Process-Final.pdf">here</a>.

<hr data-end="6469" data-start="6466" />
The information contained in this article is general in nature and does not constitute personal, financial, legal or tax advice. It does not take into account your personal objectives, financial situation or needs. Therefore, you should consider whether the information is appropriate to your circumstances before acting on it and, where appropriate, seek independent professional advice.

This article contains links to third-party websites. These links are provided for convenience only. Equifax Australia does not control and is not responsible for the content, accuracy or privacy practices of external sites.

Copyright © 2026 Equifax Australia Information Services and Solutions Pty Ltd. All rights reserved.

Buying off-the-plan in Melbourne? How independent iCIRT ratings are set to change Victorian property

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Transaction volumes of commercial property in Australia in quarter three increased 17% from the same time in 2011, bucking the global dip of 6-7%, according to Jones Lang LaSalle research.
There have been $12.07 billion of commercial property sales to date for 2012 in Australia, compared with $12.09 billion for the entirety of 2011, according to Jones Lang LaSalle’s Global Capital Flows report for quarter three.
“That’s a solid result in light of the difficult business environment that has prevailed this year. We are operating in a more cautious global economic environment in 2012 compared with 2011,” says Jones Lang LaSalle’s John Talbot.
Foreign investment accounted for US$3.7 billion of transactions in Australia during the quarter – 16% of the total investment.
The report finds that US$2.3 billion of foreign investment was from inter-regional purchasers, including $1 billion in Sydney’s Barangaroo from the Canadian Pension Plan Investment Board.
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Sydney was the sixth most active market in the Asia-Pacific region for quarter three, with US$3.8 billion of sales. Tokyo had $9.9 billion, Hong Kong had US$6.7 billion and Seoul had US$6.5 billion.
Across the world, there was US$100 billion of direct investment in commercial real estate in the third quarter, down 6-7% from the same quarter last year, as well as when comparing the first nine months of this year to last.
In quarter three the Americas accounted for US$44 billion of investment and Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA) accounted for US$33 billion.
“China remains very active, as does Hong Kong and Japan, and we see the strong REIT markets supporting further activity across the region. At the same time, large global sovereign and pension funds are returning their focus to Asia Pacific and we maintain our expectation for full year 2012 volumes in Asia Pacific to reach US$88 billion, compared with US$98 billion in 2011,” says Talbot.
Head of office investments in Australia for Jones Lang LaSalle Simon Storry says Australia followed global trends in quarter three.
“Investment activity was robust while leasing activity was subdued. The high transaction volumes reflect, in part, the weight of money seeking exposure to prime grade real estate assets,” Storry says.
“In Australia this trend is underlined by the high level of offshore interest. Over the first three quarters of 2012, offshore investors accounted for 34% of all transactions.  This compares to 25% for the full year 2011. There is no sign that this inflow will diminish as we move into 2013,” says Storry.
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Commercial property sales up 17% in Australia as globally sales fall: JLL

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Property investors’ awareness of creating wealth via add value strategies like renovation, granny flat additions and  “knock down and build two”  strategies have been fuelled by the plethora of reno shows on TV and the media  focus on creation of wealth via property in a relatively flat market.
There seems to be a sense of urgency to “get in and get started” particularly among younger investors who are finding it hard to enter the property market for the first time and even harder to  get in if the plan is to renovate or do a small development on the site. For those investors who want to get into the property market sooner rather than later and do not have sufficient savings for a deposit or are short on servicing capacity,  joint venturing a deal is coming up more often as an alternative solution.
“Joint venturing” tends to refer to shorter-term arrangements, while “co-ownership” refers to the longer-term holding of property by two or more individuals or entities, be they a couple, friends, family members or trusts.
Three clients of ours successfully recently completed a 14-month investment project and walked away with $43,600 each (pretax!). John, Helen and Marie were each unable to purchase an investment property in their own right, and all wanted to gain firsthand experience doing a small development.  They decided to join forces and do a small development that they could on sell quickly. Together they purchased an old weatherboard Queenslander on an 1,100-square-metre residential corner block 12 kilometres from Brisbane CBD.   The existing dwelling was at the front of the block and the back of the block had easy street access and room to construct a second dwelling on it.  They erected a neat two-storey, four-bedroom dwelling on the back of the block, subdivided it onto two titles, renovated the original Queenslander and landscaped the property with established trees and plantings.
The maths on this is as follows:  Purchase: $465,000, council and DA costs: $40,000, build costs: $260,000, renovation costs: $85,000, subdivision costs: $20,000, agent’s fees: $37,000.  The renovated Queenslander sold for $570,000 and the new dwelling sold for $610,000.  The profit on the venture was $281,000, which they divided between them. After netting out their original $50,000 contributions they had $43,600 each.  Each of them will have different capital gains tax liabilities as this depends on their individual financial situations, and so they are off to their Chan &amp; Naylor accountant to clarify this.  They are also looking for their next project.
Benefits of joint venturing
<ul>
<li>Savings are pooled towards the deposit, allowing you to buy into a property sooner.</li>
<li>Combined savings can also go towards renovation expenses or deposits on construction loans if an add-value strategy is being pursued.</li>
<li>Borrowing power for the loan is also combined across owners, often resulting in being able to buy a better-quality property than you could have afforded on your own.</li>
<li>Running expenses of the property are shared, affording you a little left over in the budget for the occasional treat.</li>
<li>The expertise, workload and responsibility for planning developments and renovations are also shared.</li>
</ul>
Risks of joint venturing
<ul>
<li>All parties are jointly and severally liable for the entire debt, not just for their individual shares, so if anything happens to one of the partners the others are held responsible for the debt in its entirety.</li>
<li>When calculating serviceability for additional loans to individuals, lenders will take the 100% of the debt of any joint venture into account, not just your individual share.</li>
</ul>
 
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
 
For example, if John, Helen or Marie, during the course of their joint venture project, had wanted to refinance a loan against a property he or she held only in his or her name, the  lender would have counted 100% of the JV loans as their total responsibility.  The message here is to plan ahead for such individual needs when joint venturing.
Conflict may arise during the course of a joint venture project as individual circumstances and needs change.  Plan how you will mediate through differences of opinion before you enter a JV arrangement and put these agreements in writing.
The keys to successful joint venturing:
<ol>
<li>Do investigate joint venturing options, as they can be both profitable and fun.  Be careful to not go into an arrangement and investment without extensive research and planning.</li>
<li>Invest extra time in planning the structures you will use. By using the right legal structure you can come up with the most tax-efficient and safe outcomes for the project that you are planning.</li>
<li>Do your due diligence on any purchase regardless of whether you are joint venturing or not.  The old saying of “you make your money at the time of purchase” has strong backing from experienced investors, so heed it.  Check in with town planners and councils that what you plan to do is allowable in their area.</li>
<li>Number crunch your renovation and construction projects thoroughly and repeatedly. It’s easy to blow the budget and your well earned profit margin with it.</li>
<li>Draw up a joint venture agreement to cover changes in circumstances and seek professional advice to ensure you are each adequately inured and protected. A legal document designed to set out the rights and responsibilities of each owner, whilst an added expense is essential to avoid issues in the future if circumstances change.</li>
<li>Get a good financial or investment strategist to run their eye over your proposed JV and point out its strengths and weaknesses.  They are not emotionally involved in the project and will give you an unbiased opinion on what you are planning.</li>
</ol>
Jenna Ford is a finance strategist and partner at<a target="_blank" href="https://www.chan-naylor.com.au/finance/"> Chan &amp; Naylor Finance</a>
<ol></ol>
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The six keys to successful joint venturing of property ownership: Chan & Naylor

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First-home buyers have been stepping up their activity in the market over recent months, with the Australian Bureau of Statistics housing finance commitments data showing a 14.3% jump in the number of first-time buyer loans over the September quarter of 2012 compared with the September quarter of 2011.  First-home buyers now comprise 19.3% of all owner-occupier housing finance commitments, which is slightly higher than the decade average of 18.5%.
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The number of housing finance commitments for first-time buyers has been very much influenced by the specific concessions and stimulus available at the state level.  For example, the stamp duty concession that was available in New South Wales up to December 31, 2011, resulted in a surge of first-time buyer activity leading up to the cut-off date (see black trend line below).  Similarly, in Victoria, the expiry of the state level first-home buyers' bonus on July 1 caused a similar surge in activity leading up to the expiry of the stimulus (red trend line in graph below).
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More holistically, the first-home buyers' boost, which was provided by the federal government in late 2008 through to the end of December 2009, resulted in a record number of first-home buyers flowing into the housing market.  First-home buyers as a proportion of all owner-occupier housing finance commitments peaked at just over 30% in May 2009.
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The response from first-home buyers to the concessions and stimulus demonstrates how much pent-up demand there is across this important segment of the housing market.  Affordability constraints are a significant factor for first time buyers, and a stamp duty saving or grant clearly makes a big difference to their sentiment towards a home purchase and their willingness to enter the market.
On a proportional basis, first-home buyers are most active in Western Australia and Queensland.  It seems that housing prices have little to do with attracting first-home buyers to a market, with the most affordable states for housing, Tasmania and South Australia, attracting the lowest proportion of first-time buyers.
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Common sense would dictate that employment opportunities would be a factor in attracting first-home buyers, and that case can absolutely be argued in Western Australia, where there were over 68,000 new jobs created over the past year.  That isn’t the case in Queensland, which has shown a fall of nearly 43,000 jobs over the past year.
One explanation for the popularity of Western Australia and Queensland for first-time buyers is the fact that these two states attract the largest proportion of interstate migrants (<a href="https://blog.rpdata.com/2012/10/housing-demand-is-rising-at-the-fastest-rate-since-december-2009/" target="_blank">you can see our wrap on population growth and interstate migration in a recent blog here</a>).
While first-time buyers are becoming more active and comprise a larger than average proportion of the owner-occupier market, the raw numbers remain low from a historical standpoint, with the September number of first-home buyer finance commitments tracking almost 17% lower than the five year average.
Tim Lawless is national research director of <a href="https://www.myrp.com.au/" target="_blank">RP Data.</a>
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First-home buyers stepping up activity in WA and Queensland: Tim Lawless

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Industrial assets offers the potential for far better returns than risk-free government bonds, according to investment bank Morgan Stanley’s latest Australian property report.
As the chart below shows, while capitalisation rates (yields) are well off their mid-1990s peaks, industrial assets offer an average return of 8.3% compared with a yield of 3.05% for 10-year government bonds.
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“Yield is the name of the game,” says Morgan Stanley in its latest report authored by analysts Lou Pirenc, Todd McFarlane and John Meredith.
 
“In a typical environment where demand fundamentals in property are weakening, we would normally expect a softening in asset prices.
“As the graph shows, however, industrial, office and retail all offer attractive spreads to the risk-free rate and increasingly to the marginal cost of debt for many REITs.
“Whereas assets in recent years were primarily sought by sovereign wealth funds and selected domestic unlisted funds, we are now seeing buyer demand from listed REITs, unlisted funds, sovereign wealth and pension funds, and offshore corporates/investors," says Morgan Stanley
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Industrial property offers strongest returns of commercial property classes: Morgan Stanley

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Mutual lender bankmecu has leased 123 square metres of retail space on Little Collins Street.
The new branch at 104 Little Collins and Southern Cross Lane will add to the more than 25 branches that bankmecu has across Australia, but is its first retail presence in the Melbourne CBD.
Bankmecu has its headquarters in <a target="_blank" href="/news">Kew</a>.
The lease agreement for the vacant premises was negotiated by Fitzroys agent Mitchell Humphreys on behalf of landlord Brookfield.
Humphreys says rents in the location are still being negotiated well in excess of $1,000 per square metre.
The space was fitted out by bankmecu and opened for business on November 19.
Humphreys says Brookfield was pleased to secure a strong tenant to anchor the Southern Cross food and retail laneway.
“It is critical to be proactive and sensitive to the ongoing tenancy mix in these establishing precincts when securing new tenants,” he says.
“The vibrant precinct taking in the Southern Cross food laneway and the top end of Little Collins Street continues to attract strong tenant demand, with no retail vacancies.”
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Bankmecu takes retail space on Little Collins Street at around $1,000 per square metre 

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If I were to suggest an efficient (i.e. balancing risk and return) portfolio allocation for a young person to target a wealthy at retirement 65, it could look something like the below.  In order for a portfolio like this to work, you only need two things.
One is the discipline to be careful with your spending to ensure that you can pay a good amount into your investment portfolio each month.  The second thing you will need is time to allow the portfolio to compound and grow.
A diversified portfolio: the slow but sure route to wealth
<table style="width: 470px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="1"><tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
Asset Class
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
Target %
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
ASX 200 Large Cap Index Fund
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
Small Ordinaries Index Fund
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
Vanguard Emerging Markets Shares Index
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
FTSE SET Large Cap Index (UK’s largest 30 companies)
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
High-Yield Corporate Bonds
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
Investment Grade Corporate Bonds
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
Capital Indexed Bonds (inflation hedged)
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
A-REIT Index  (property trusts)
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
ASX All Ordinaries Gold Index Fund
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
Cash
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
10
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="406">
Total
</td>
<td valign="top" width="123">
100
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
 
Based upon historical averages, it has been suggested that it may be reasonable to expect a portfolio like the one in the table above to achieve average returns of 10% per year or higher.
It is diversified through funds, but also diversified in that the individual components of the portfolio do not act in a correlated manner.  In other words, while, for example, when stocks are not performing well other assets, such as bonds, may well be.
The portfolio includes assets that are traditionally used to hedge against deflation (gold mining companies and bonds) and also those that thrive in more inflationary economies, such as equities and A-REITS (what used to be called Listed Property Trusts - they invest mainly in commercial properties that may be beyond the reach of the individual investor).
Stocks are commonly acknowledged to be the best performing growth asset in terms of percentage capital growth measured over time.  Bonds are often considered to be lower risk than shares (in the event of a company being wound up and assets liquidated, debt holders and secured creditors rank higher than equity investors) and therefore tend to command a lower return.
Therefore, a portfolio of this nature is efficient as a fair percentage of the investor’s portfolio is exposed to equities, with the remainder a mixture of bonds, property and cash.
 
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
 
Why not invest your capital 100% into stocks, then?  Well, plenty of people do, and when they hold for the long term they are often very successful too.
One reason that this may be better avoided is that if your whole portfolio is in shares, then it can be very nerve-wracking during a stock market crash which can result in investors abandoning the strategy at precisely the wrong moment.
Diversifying into assets that do not act in a correlated manner with stocks can help you to sleep soundly at night.
Once a portfolio like this is created it requires virtually no active management at all.  That said, it would make sense to rebalance the portfolio once per year as suggested in The Gone Fishin’ Portfolio by Alexander Green.
This means that if, for example, the emerging markets fund is steaming ahead, the investor might choose to sell a portion of it in order to rebalance the portfolio (i.e. that no one investment represents a significantly higher percentage of the portfolio than the rest).
Better still, the investor may choose to add more dollars to the lagging assets, a strategy that will avoid an unnecessary capital gains tax bill through selling.
While it may feel counter-intuitive to put more dollars into the lower performing assets, it needs to be remembered that assets tend to perform in a cyclical manner, and the asset class that has forged ahead is likely to subsequently have a period of low returns (and vice versa).
Problems with this approach 
Diversification is one of the fundamental conclusions of the ‘modern portfolio theory’.  Spreading your capital across a broad range of investments has the benefit of reducing the risk of loss of a large percentage of capital. 
The problem with diversification is that is almost guarantees that your results will be average, which has left sceptics to instead term the practice “de-worsification” – protecting the returns from being “less worse”. 
If you want to become wealthy more quickly, you will need to seek returns that significantly outperform and that are better than average, and the way to do this is to specialise.
 
If you have ever played poker or bridge you will instinctively know that diversification is not the way to win the game outright.  To win the game you do not divide up your capital into 10 equal parts and bet 10% of your capital on each hand regardless of the strength of the cards you hold. 
The winner will be the player who places big bets on higher probability hands.  This is a concept that can be successfully applied to asset allocation in your investment portfolio if you want to quit your job earlier than the traditional retirement age. 
The other problem with the balanced approach shown is that it lacks leverage. A carefully balanced portfolio, such as the one detailed above, may be perfect if you were starting with investment capital of a few million dollars, however, most of us start out with very little or nothing, and therefore it can take a long time to start seeing any meaningful results. 
This is where leverage can be so beneficial for the average investor. 
The asset class that gives you the leverage to power ahead 
The asset class that allows you achieve more with less is property, and particularly residential property. 
Banks will generally lend a high loan to value ratio (LVR) on property and this allows investors to significantly increase the value of their assets that can then grow for them to create wealth. 
Personally, for the long term I am bullish on Australian residential property and believe that due to strong population growth and our inflationary economic environment, a good bet for the average investor lies in exposure to this asset class.
<img src="/images/stories/2012/12/wargentbook.jpg" style="margin: 5px; float: left;">
Pete Wargent holds a range of finance and property qualifications and is the author of <a target="_blank" href="https://petewargent.blogspot.com.au/">Get a Financial Grip – a simple plan for financial freedom.</a>
 
For more on where property fits into your wealth-creation portfolio, sign up for our free webinar on <a href="/news">Thursday, November 29 at 12.30.</a>
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Where property should sit in your investment portfolio: Pete Wargent

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Business owners have traditionally endured a premium pricing on their overdrafts even when the security they put up is the lowest risk short of government bonds: residential property.
This has created the situation where a tradie or a retailer is paying 6.7% for the mortgage on their family home, yet they are paying 9% on their business overdraft.
So the banks are virtually de-risking the overdraft they write for their business customer but then re-pricing the facility so it boasts a greater margin than is charged on the security itself. In the case of the overdraft, almost twice the margin charged on your mortgage.
There are many reasons given by the banks for this practice. They say business overdrafts involve higher administration costs, that the loan amounts are too small, and that business owners have greater income volatility than employees.
However, the technology now exists to reduce the admin costs of business lending; and the volatility of business owner income is precisely why they need working capital.
So, in reality, the ‘business premium’ is a penalty on the business owner for not being an employee.
I have a problem with this. Firstly, the security is the security. If the security you take on a business is residential property, then that is the security. And residential property risk is valued by the market at 6.7%, not 9%.
I’m also troubled by the mentality where a bank says it has more concern about a business owner who has been trading successfully for 20 years than it does with a person who has had a job for 13 months.
It’s particularly troubling when you consider how penalised some sectors are. Construction is consistently the most popular sector for Australia’s 2.1 million businesses. Mostly, this means tradies.
These people experience tight cashflows because they carry overheads on shorter cycles than they can bill a client. Your average tradie has to pay employees, buy materials, run vehicles and pay insurance on shorter cycles than they are paid. Yet they can also generate large annual incomes through early starts, long hours and working weekends.
To carry this, they need working capital – an overdraft, typically – and they pay a premium rate even though they put up their home as security.
This is unfair and makes no economic sense: small business accounts for 95% of all Australian businesses and employs more than half of the work force.
When you look at how a national economy could operate more efficiently, premium charges for business finance are a logical start. Especially if there’s no reason for the premium in most cases.
I believe there is room for change in the method and the pricing of business debt. Powerful technologies, new funding arrangements and an innovative product will give business owners more choice.
However, as in any competitive market, the lender can only offer a product at a certain price: then it’s up to the borrower to make the decision.
Mark Bouris is executive chairman of <a href="https://www.ybr.com.au/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Yellow Brick Road</a>, a financial services company offering home loans, financial planning, accounting and tax, and insurance.
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'Business premium' bank loan pricing unfair, epecially with residential property as security

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Some would suggest that the global financial crisis (GFC) is over. Some would rightly suggest that today, given many of the remnants that are still unresolved, it is far from over. <a title="Eurozone falls into second recession since 2009" href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/world-business/eurozone-falls-into-second-recession-since-2009-20121116-29fgm" target="_blank">Eurozone falls into second recession since 2009</a>, and then you have that minor issue called the "fiscal cliff". The cliff is a legislated bundle of government spending cuts and tax increases totalling $US608 billion that are due to take effect automatically on January 1.
So I was fascinated this week to read the latest buzzword – SMBC (small to medium business crisis). Alan Kohler wrote on Business Spectator – <a title="What crisis? This crisis" href="https://www.businessspectator.com.au/bs.nsf/Article/Dutch-disease-GFC-economy-SME-NAB-commodities-mini-pd20121114-ZZQR7?opendocument&amp;src=rss" target="_blank">What crisis? This crisis</a> – “Yesterday’s monthly business survey from NAB should be setting off alarm bells in Canberra and through every bank and big company boardroom in the country: Australia’s non-mining businesses are in serious trouble just as the resources boom ends. There will be nothing to take its place.”
“This is a genuine national crisis, but the problem is that it’s going largely undetected and unaddressed because it is not showing in the broad economic data, which is what the Reserve Bank sets interest rates by. That’s why rates were left on hold this month, and may be again in December.”
Personally, I see the end of Australia’s mining boom as a positive as it will allow our business sector to re-calibrate – especially the building sector, which put down tools on building sites to chase work at the then highly profitable mines. <a title="Mining’s double whammy to weigh on growth" href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/the-economy/rba-cuts-growth-forecast-for-third-time-20121109-2928n" target="_blank">Mining’s double whammy to weigh on growth</a> in its statement on monetary policy, the Reserve Bank said weaker spending in the resources sector had prompted it to drop gross domestic product (GDP) growth forecasts for 2013 to below 2.75 percent, compared to 3.0 percent in the August statement.
For a moment forget the mining sector. Australia’s alternate businesses, i.e. those that make up the SMBC, are simply being smashed by one predator – online!
Let’s look at the facts that clearly announce where business is headed – startling data I found on the internet.
<ul>
<li>There are 7 billion people on Earth, with 5.1 billion owning a mobile phone.</li>
<li>It takes 90 minutes for the average person to respond to an email. It takes 90 seconds for the average person to respond to a text message.</li>
<li>91% of all smartphone users have their phone within arm’s reach 24/7.</li>
<li>According to Google’s Our Mobile Planet, smartphone penetration in Australia is now at 52%; however a report by Telsyte predicts that nearly 90% of Australian mobile phone users will have a smartphone as their primary device in 2015.</li>
<li>Nearly 60% of smartphone users access the internet every day on their smartphone and 74% don’t leave home without it.</li>
<li>A massive 94% of smartphone users have researched a product or service on their phones, and only 59% look at first page results when searching on their smartphones.</li>
<li>Interestingly, the three most popular places where people use their smartphones, are home (98%), on the go (85%) and in the office (73%).</li>
</ul>
<img src="/images/stories/2012/11/simeonnov16.jpg" width="470">
 
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
 
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/online-mega-sale-to-lift-local-retail-20121112-298g3" title="Online mega sale to lift local retail">Online mega sale to lift local retail</a> – from Tuesday Australia will experience its first online frenzy when up to 150 retailers will slash their online prices – by between 15% and 90% for 24 hours. Shoppers will have to access <a target="_blank" href="https://clickfrenzy.com.au/" title="clickfrenzy.com.au">clickfrenzy.com.au</a> to access the retailers’ online deals, and this will be the first of many to come. What we are seeing with this is that finally retailers are acknowledging that online is the future.
As for the real estate industry, it will survive. However, the businesses with the dominant online platforms will succeed and those that don’t understand it will perish – like many other industries.
So what is happening with interest rates? Here is a clue.
<img src="/images/stories/2012/11/simeonnov161.jpg" width="470">
Despite the ‘World’s Greatest Treasurer’ believing that the lower the cash rate the better the economy, in 2013 Australia is looking at the lowest cash rates ever seen before. On that analogy, one can reasonably expect that 2013 will be another tough year in real estate.
If this proves to be correct then print advertising (as we know it) will collapse in 2013 and real estate advertising's major spend will be online. Newspapers are not that smart when it comes to real estate advertising expenditure – they need to focus on the little picture not the big picture. Newspaper advertising in the future is merely a point of introduction to online, not vice versa.
<img src="/images/stories/2012/11/simeonnov162.jpg" width="470">
Again the same story in Mosman, where we are seeing a reduction in volume compared with this time last year. This can be easily explained. It is too expensive to move given the trading costs, and when homes are sold for less than replacement value – it is not a coincidence that markets then stagnate. Robert Simeon is a director of <a title="RWM" href="https://www.rwm.com.au/" target="_blank">Richardson  Wrench Mosman and Neutral Bay </a>and has been selling residential real estate in Sydney since 1985. He has also been writing real estate blog <a title="Virtual Realty News" href="https://www.rwm.com.au/news/" target="_blank">Virtual Realty News</a> since 2000. The RWM real estate model has sold in excess of $1 billion in database sales globally.
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Aussie retailers finally acknowledge online is the future, and real estate must too

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Metro Property Development launched the first high-rise residential tower in its $450 million project Central Village in Fortitude Valley, Brisbane, amidst the weekend's stormy weather conditions.
The project has notched up 73 off-the-plan sales since launching worth around $30 million.
Metro, headed by David Devine and Ken Woodley, have the prime site earmarked for 1,000 apartments along with commercial, retail and green space.
The weekend offering was in the first of six towers, the Cambridge, which has 163 apartments in 18 storeys.
The prime 12,845-square-metre corner site – at Water and Brunswick streets – cost $30 million.
<img alt="centralvil" height="627" width="470" src="/images/stories/2012/11/centralvil.jpg">
It is close to the RNA Showgrounds, where Lend Lease is undertaking its $2.9 billion regeneration of the Ekka site. Lend Lease has sold about half of the apartments in its first tower, called The Green.
Investors were driving the current growth of Brisbane prices, according to Australian Property Monitors  senior economist Dr Andrew Wilson.
"Falling interest rates are a driver of increased investor activity," he said underpinned by the highest gross rental yield of all capital cities at 5,4%," Wilson says.
"Construction of new apartments continues to feed investor demand in Brisbane," he says, with 2350 units approved in the inner city over year ending June 2012.
Wilson says the most popular locations for new units are Hamilton,  Newstead Kelvin Grove, Fortitude Valley and South Brisbane.
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Cambridge weekend sales by Metro Property in Fortitude Valley

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The prominent car dealer Rick Damelian's bankruptcy has left him with reportedly just $73 cash in his bank account. 

The former Parramatta Road car salesman has declared he owes $3 million to his creditors – and can't even afford to own his own a car. The 62-year-old's bankruptcy comes after eight Sydney car yards bearing his name were foreclosed on by the National Australia Bank last year.
At his peak Damelian's empire turned over $200 million plus, with his dealerships selling Honda, Renault, Alfa, Citroen and Fiat.
Damelian Automobile had about $53 million in debts, mostly to NAB, and only an estimated $14 million worth of assets when receivers were appointed in September last year. Sales of the some of the former Damelian caryards by receiver Ferrier Hodgson have included 107 Parramatta Road, <a target="_blank" href="/news">Haberfield</a>, sold for $3 million to J L Management. The 2,020-square-metre block cost $1.1 million in 1989.
The 577 Parramatta Road, <a target="_blank" href="/news">Leichhardt</a>, premises of 1,562 square metres sold for $2.42 million to Georgina Investments.
One strata holding at 509 Parramatta Road, Leichhardt, sold for $1.72 million. 
The car dealer was forced into bankruptcy after failing to repay a $1.9 million loan to his company, Damelian Automobile Limited, according to news.com.au. He was chairman and sole shareholder of the company since about 2006. According to the Insolvency and Trustee Service Australia bankruptcy details completed on November 2, Damelian still owns two adjacent luxury townhouses worth $3.3 million in <a target="_blank" href="/news">McMahons Point</a> but he is heavily indebted to the bank. He lives in one with his wife and his mother lives next door. NAB holds a $6 million mortgage secured by the townhouses. One cost $950,000 in 1998 and the other was bought for $920,000 in 1997. He also has about $2 million in superannuation. 
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