<section data-scroll-anchor="false" data-testid="conversation-turn-48" data-turn="assistant" data-turn-id="request-WEB:55d7c6ac-8e6d-4881-ad49-0ed9bf66d1cc-23" dir="auto">
Melbourne’s apartment market entered 2026 with renewed momentum, but the recovery is uneven, policy-driven, and increasingly shaped by constrained supply.

According to the RPM Apartments &amp; Townhomes Market Report (April 2026), apartments have begun to outperform detached housing on key metrics,yet that performance is occurring against a backdrop of falling approvals and a tightening development pipeline.

At the end of 2025, Melbourne unit values reached a three-year high of $656,500, recording quarterly growth of two per cent. That figure edged ahead of the 1.8 per cent growth recorded in the house market over the same period, marking a notable shift in relative performance. While modest in absolute terms, the outperformance is significant given the sustained dominance of houses through much of the previous cycle.

This shift has been driven in large part by policy. The federal government’s expanded five per cent Deposit Scheme has had a disproportionate impact on apartment demand, particularly in Melbourne where the $950,000 price cap captures a large share of medium- and high-density stock.

As RPM notes, the scheme “heavily favours medium and high-density dwellings,” effectively accelerating demand in the apartment sector.

The impact is most visible in buyer activity. Victoria recorded more than 43,000 new housing loans in Q4 2025, the highest quarterly volume since mid-2022 and one of the strongest results in over a decade. This lift was broad-based across all buyer types, with first home buyers, owner-occupiers and investors all returning to the market with greater confidence.

This surge in demand has flowed directly into apartment pricing, particularly in Melbourne’s middle and outer rings. Middle-ring unit values reached approximately $757,500, a four-year high, while outer-ring units climbed to a record $650,000. Quarterly growth of 2.9 per cent and 2.5 per cent respectively significantly outpaced both the inner ring (0.8 per cent) and the broader house market.

&nbsp;

<img alt="RPM" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="4628dde5-ad63-4b03-b18e-77d0f750e2aa" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-04-24%20at%209.23.32%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=ig6mqc7Oz7UaszRuzULrGtLPUxGf4NJC" />

&nbsp;

The divergence between apartments and houses is also being shaped by affordability. Detached housing remains out of reach for many buyers, pushing demand toward apartments as a more accessible entry point into well-located suburbs. This is particularly evident among first home buyers and downsizers, both of whom are increasingly prioritising location, amenity and lifestyle over land size.

At the same time, population growth continues to underpin demand. Victoria added more than 122,000 residents in the year to Q3 2025, with Melbourne attracting both overseas migrants and interstate movers, partly due to its relative affordability compared to other capitals.

&nbsp;

<img alt="Population" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="49e10567-a8b3-47c3-afbd-290f0bb62c49" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-04-24%20at%209.22.25%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=.2Drmko4TPh02X55JdF3mIC1EcG0ZfGl" />

However, the most critical factor shaping the apartment market is not demand, it is supply.

Apartment approvals across Greater Melbourne have fallen sharply, signalling a constrained pipeline of future stock. In Q4 2025, just 2,339 apartments were approved, down 20 per cent on the previous quarter and 47 per cent lower than the same period a year earlier. On an annual basis, 11,066 apartment approvals were recorded, an improvement on the previous year, but still well below medium- and long-term averages.

&nbsp;

<img alt="Apartment approvals" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="12f2e7bc-fe01-40c0-80b5-9e829b279d98" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-04-24%20at%209.21.56%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=5mnIXkXGoDgIJdAFhA0alm0cSKzEytqZ" />

This decline reflects a broader contraction cycle that has been underway since 2020. As RPM notes, “apartment approvals appear to be sliding back into a downward trend,” with developers increasingly focused on launching and completing existing projects rather than initiating new ones.

The reasons are well understood. Construction costs have risen more than 20 per cent since 2021, driven largely by labour shortages and material price escalation. At the same time, financing conditions have tightened, with lenders requiring higher contingencies and taking a more cautious approach to risk. Combined with recent interest rate rises, these factors have made feasibility more challenging, particularly for higher-density projects.

This dynamic is creating a disconnect in the market. Demand for apartments—particularly at the more affordable end—is strengthening, while the pipeline of new supply is weakening. In the short term, this may limit the number of new projects coming to market. Over the medium term, however, it is likely to support price resilience and potentially further outperformance relative to houses.

There are some signs of policy-driven supply response. The introduction of Victoria’s Mid-Rise Code, which streamlines approvals for four- to six-storey developments, is expected to improve delivery in well-serviced middle-ring locations. However, this is unlikely to materially offset the broader decline in apartment approvals in the near term.

Despite the positive momentum at the end of 2025, the outlook for 2026 has become more complex. Two interest rate rises early in the year have already impacted consumer confidence, while broader cost pressures, particularly energy and fuel, are feeding through to construction and development costs.

“Victoria’s built form market ended 2025 on a high, but early 2026 rate rises quickly reversed the momentum,” RPM notes.

The implication is that while apartments are currently outperforming houses, the trajectory of that outperformance will depend on how these competing forces evolve. Policy support and affordability are clearly working in favour of apartments, but constrained supply and rising costs are likely to shape the pace and nature of future growth.

What is increasingly clear is that apartments are playing a more central role in Melbourne’s housing market. As population growth continues and affordability pressures intensify, higher-density housing is becoming not just an alternative to detached homes, but a primary solution to the city’s housing needs.
</section>

Joel Robinson

Units lead Melbourne price growth as apartments outperform houses: RPM

Brunswick is set for some of its largest apartments ever delivered with the upcoming new development Frith &amp; Howarth, where the apartments are around 20 per cent larger than what has come before it in the sought-after suburb.

Developer Young Group focused its design on Frith &amp; Howarth around size and scale, but within a boutique building, to create a mini neighbourhood within the mid-rise development. There are just 24 apartments in the mid-rise building on Victoria Street, a short walk to Brunswick Station and the cafe and dining strip along Sydney Road.

“We spent hours comparing what’s currently on the market so we could offer genuine points of difference,” Young Group says, pointing to room sizing, storage, and functional planning as key drivers behind the design.

All of the two-bedroom apartments in the building have been snapped up, with just the large three- and four-bedroom apartments, with the biggest floorplans and best outlooks, remaining.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134317 project_image_fid=354139]

Apartments open directly into open-plan living zones where full-height glazing draws light deep into the apartment. Sliding doors extend the space outward to terraces, many oriented toward the adjacent park or back toward the city skyline.

Kitchens sit within this central space, anchored by sculptural island benches that reference the building’s faceted exterior language. Storage is integrated across multiple layers, overhead cabinetry, concealed joinery, and, in larger configurations, dedicated sculleries or butler’s pantries.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134317 project_image_fid=354137]

The penthouse is the largest ever offered in Brunswick. The penthouse measures nearly 400 sqm all-up, with 242 sqm of internal space complimented by a further 149 sqm of terraces.

It spans the whole top floor and has four bedrooms, four bathrooms, and parking for four cars.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134317 project_image_fid=354133]

Low maintenance resident amenity has been created in the form of a landscaped rooftop, complete with&nbsp;vegetable plots, outdoor cooking areas, and aflresco dining spaces, designed as a place for neighbours to gather outside of their homes.

“To enable connection with neighbours, generous rooftop gardens with communal spaces and outdoor cooking areas offer a chance to develop a sense of community,” says John Patrick, Principal of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/landscape-architect/john-patrick-landscape-architects">John Patrick Landscape Architects</a>.&nbsp;

“Private open spaces with a selection of native and exotic plantings and gorgeous city views on the rooftop create a high-end aesthetic, with a low maintenance lifestyle. The perfect balance, so that residents can enjoy a serene living space.”

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134317 project_image_fid=354134]

Sustainability is embedded at both the building and apartment level. <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/frith-howarth-288-290-victoria-street-brunswick-vic-3056">Frith &amp; Howarth</a> is one of only a small number of all-electric residential developments in Brunswick, supported by solar infrastructure, EV-ready parking, and high-performance glazing. These measures sit alongside less visible systems such as rainwater reuse and high-grade insulation, reducing long-term operational costs while maintaining consistent internal conditions.

Positioned within walking distance of Brunswick Station, Route 96 trams, and established retail along Sydney Road and Barkly Square, the development balances access to transport with proximity to open space, a combination that has become increasingly difficult to secure in inner-city sites.

“These exquisite homes are nestled in a culturally diverse neighbourhood, with parklands and nature right on your doorstep,” says Young Group.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=134317]

Frith & Howarth to deliver Brunswick’s largest apartments

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/prince-parade-by-mirvac-brunswick-701-park-street-brunswick-vic-3056">Prince &amp; Parade</a> in Brunswick is entering its final stages of construction, with the removal of the project’s last tower crane and the unveiling of the building’s full façade marking a significant milestone ahead of completion this coming spring.

The Park Street development, designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/bates-smart">Bates Smart</a>&nbsp;and Mirvac Design with landscaping by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/landscape-architect/jack-merlo">Jack Merlo</a>, is now largely structurally complete, with internal works progressing across the 169-apartment project opposite Princes Park.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/builders/mirvac-construction">Mirvac Construction</a> Project Manager Sam Payne said the latest update reflects a transition from structure to refinement.

“Since our last update, all façade panels have been installed and the scaffolding and gantry has come down, unveiling the building in its full form for the very first time,” Payne said.

“A significant milestone was reached this month with the removal of our final tower crane, signalling the completion of major structural works and a pivotal step forward in the building’s transformation.”

[smartcode_project:default project_id=4802 project_image_fid=366856]

Apartments are now well advanced internally, with joinery completed to level eight and tiling to level six, alongside the delivery of a prototype apartment used to set the benchmark for the remaining residences.

This next phase coincides with the release of a completed furnished residence, styled by MCM House, and the introduction of private buyer tours, giving purchasers a clearer understanding of the finished product ahead of settlement.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/prince-parade-by-mirvac-brunswick-701-park-street-brunswick-vic-3056">Prince &amp; Parade</a> will comprise 169 one to four-bedroom apartments, with completion targeted for early spring. Interiors focus on natural materials and muted tones with two design schemes, while kitchens and bathrooms adopt a restrained palette anchored by stone, timber and textured finishes.

Bates Smart Director Jeffery Copolov said the project reflects a shared design direction centred on liveability and sustainability.

“Blending Mirvac and Bates Smart’s focus on wellness and sustainability, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/prince-parade-by-mirvac-brunswick-701-park-street-brunswick-vic-3056">Prince &amp; Parade</a> offers a new kind of conscious, elevated living in Melbourne’s inner north,” Copolov said.

<a href="https://www.urban.com.au/new-apartments/prince-parade-by-mirvac-brunswick-701-park-street-brunswick-vic-3056">Prince &amp; Parade</a> presents Mirvac's third parkside collaboration with&nbsp;<a href="https://www.urban.com.au/architects/bates-smart">Bates Smart</a>&nbsp;in Victoria.&nbsp;Their previous collaborations delivered two of the city’s landmark apartment buildings: The Melburnian opposite Kings Domain and The Eastbourne on Fitzroy Gardens.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=4802 project_image_fid=366857]

A key focus of the development is its landscape-led amenity offering. The central courtyard, spanning around 600 sqm, will feature established trees and planting grown off-site, alongside communal lawns and seating areas designed for everyday use.

Development Manager James Gardner said the outdoor spaces are central to the project’s lifestyle positioning.

“<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/prince-parade-by-mirvac-brunswick-701-park-street-brunswick-vic-3056">Prince &amp; Parade</a> isn’t just a home, it’s a complete lifestyle offering, and the resident amenity is just one example of the elevated living experience the soon-to-be-complete building will be known for,” Gardner said.

The courtyard connects to a series of shared indoor and outdoor spaces, including a residents’ lounge, dining room, library and secondary west-facing garden area, designed as extensions of the apartments themselves.

Located directly opposite Princes Park and around four kilometres from the CBD, the development places residents within one of Melbourne’s most established inner-north precincts, with access to open space, transport and the retail and hospitality offerings of Brunswick and Carlton.

With façade works complete and landscaping and final finishes now underway, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/prince-parade-by-mirvac-brunswick-701-park-street-brunswick-vic-3056">Prince &amp; Parade</a> is moving into its most active construction phase, with permanent services and external works to be finalised in the coming months ahead of completion in spring.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=4802]

Mirvac’s latest landmark, Prince & Parade Brunswick, enters final construction phase

Boutique Perth developer ADC has unveiled its latest project.

The developer, which focuses on bringing apartments to some of Perth's most premium inner-city and riverside suburbs, has launched <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/mos-lane-mosman-park-46-manning-street-mosman-park-wa-6012">Mos Lane</a>, 68 luxury apartments and townhouses in the heart of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/mosman-park-wa-6012">Mosman Park</a>.

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Alongside the one-, two-, three- and four-bedroom apartments, the development will also include five two-level townhomes and two luxe penthouses. ADC is also introducing a significant retail offering for residents through Mos Lane Village, which will feature a wellness studio, fish and chips shop, barber, and florist, adding a layer of amenity not typically found in the predominantly residential Mosman Park area.

Construction has already commenced on the project, which sits just a short walk from the Swan River, Mosman Park Bowls Club, and Mosman Park Golf Course.

House Agency Directors Tom House and Lachlan McDonald say they are fielding the majority of buyer interest from local downsizers, as well as buyers with a long-standing affinity for Mosman Park.
</section>

[smartcode_project:default project_id=148957 project_image_fid=364591]

Mos Lane will comprise two buildings; Samson House and Manning House, which have been designed by&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/nelson-koo">Nelson + Koo</a>, an emerging design consultancy specialising in the masterplanning and design of mixed use places and spaces.

The two buildings adopt distinct architectural responses to their surroundings. Manning House references the strong roof forms of nearby homes, with floorplates oriented to maximise light and long-range views, while Samson House is organised around a central atrium designed to bring daylight deep into the building and create a greater sense of openness.

At ground level, the inclusion of five townhomes introduces a typology more commonly associated with Mosman Park’s established streets, each with private courtyards and direct frontage, offering a transition between traditional housing and apartment living.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=148957 project_image_fid=364103]

Interiors have been led by Melbourne-based Hecker Guthrie, with an emphasis on practical, long-term liveability. Residences incorporate sculpted joinery, generous storage and flexible multi-purpose rooms that can adapt to changing household needs, whether for working from home, guest accommodation or additional living space.

Material selections draw on a restrained palette of textured stone, timber and neutral tones, with options for lighter or darker schemes. Detailing such as fluted glass, full-height joinery and integrated appliances is intended to balance functionality with a more refined residential finish.

Outdoor spaces are a consistent feature across the development, with balconies and terraces designed for dining and entertaining, and larger apartments incorporating outdoor kitchens. Orientation has been considered to allow residents to choose between morning or afternoon sun, while mature street trees and landscaped communal areas contribute to a softer streetscape.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=148957 project_image_fid=364107]

Shared amenities are positioned to support both day-to-day convenience and occasional use. These include a private dining room with a caterer’s kitchen, alfresco entertaining areas, and a bookable guest suite for visiting friends and family. Additional practical features such as a resident workshop, storage facilities, car and pet wash areas, and concierge-style services for cleaning and dry-cleaning collection reflect a focus on usability.

Positioned between the Swan River and Cottesloe Beach, and within reach of schools such as Iona Presentation College and St Hilda’s Anglican School, the development is aimed at a broad buyer group, from downsizers seeking a lower-maintenance alternative to larger homes, through to local residents looking to remain in the area in a different housing format.

Mos Lane represents one of the more significant additions to Mosman Park’s limited pipeline, combining new housing supply with a village-style retail centre in a suburb where opportunities for large-scale redevelopment are relatively constrained.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=148957]

Living village precinct set for Mosman Park as ADC launches Mos Lane

An entity linked to I&amp;D Group Founder Ivan Filipović has filed plans for a new residential development at 188–202 Swan Street in Cremorne, targeting a prominent site within the tightly held Swan Street activity corridor.

The proposal seeks to redevelop the consolidated Swan Street landholding into a <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/188-202-swan-street-cremorne-vic-3121">high-density mixed-use project</a>, replacing a series of existing commercial buildings with a significantly scaled residential outcome. The planning submission positions the development as a response to increasing demand for housing in well-connected inner-urban locations, particularly within established activity centres.

Plans outline the construction of a 14-storey building delivering 165 apartments above a four-level basement, alongside a ground-floor retail and commercial offering designed to activate the streetscape. A key feature of the scheme is a new north–south pedestrian link connecting Swan Street to Railway Place, intended to “enhance permeability and provide an active, publicly accessible connection through the site.”

<img alt="First Look: Plans lodged for Ivan Filipović-linked Cremorne apartment project on Swan Street" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="7332a8f8-dd2b-483d-b86e-320658838c84" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/cremorne.png?VersionId=cXm8vAaRdHh.LpYVbecrRkjckgu9mtAF" />

The development will retain part of the existing built form at 198–200 Swan Street, while the remainder of the site will be cleared to accommodate the new structure. Basement levels will provide 196 car spaces and 113 bicycle spaces, with vehicle access from Railway Place. Communal amenity is distributed across the building, including a shared outdoor area on Level 1 and a rooftop terrace for residents.

Ground level uses include retail tenancies fronting Swan Street and the pedestrian link, a residential lobby, and a flexible commercial space positioned to support community-oriented uses. The planning report notes this space “could be offered as a flexible space within the development for community groups,” supporting short-term or longer-term occupancy arrangements.

<img alt="First Look: Plans lodged for Ivan Filipović-linked Cremorne apartment project on Swan Street" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="8208bf7b-cc67-485d-ad0f-1d73a74c907f" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/cremorne%20lane.png?VersionId=69ctjC0txXv0zCHy7qQUpJyGwvPAT7gw" />

The site sits within the Swan Street Major Activity Centre, surrounded by a mix of retail, hospitality, and emerging residential development, and directly opposite tram services along Swan Street. East Richmond Station is located to the south, providing strong rail connectivity, while the broader Cremorne precinct continues to evolve as a mixed-use hub.

I&amp;D Group, founded by Ivan Filipović, is regarded as one of Victoria’s largest formwork contractors, partnering with major construction firms across large-scale public and private developments. The Swan Street proposal signals a move into development-backed opportunities tied to strategic inner-city sites.

First Look: Plans lodged for Cremorne apartment project on Swan Street

Profit Growth

<html><body>
The RBA have announced they made a $3.8bn profit this year, a stark contrast to the $900 million they reported as losses last year.
It represents a turnaround of $4.7 billion turnaround.
RBA governor Philip Lowe began his statement saying the global economic expansion continued over the past year.
He said unemployment rates have declined further, inflation rates remain low, and financial conditions are still expansionary.
"This improvement in the global environment is helping the Australian economy," he said.
"Economic growth has gradually picked up and inflation is moving closer to the Reserve Bank’s target."
Governor Philip Lowe's salary total remuneration (including superannuation) rose to $1.02 million, or up 10 per cent from $930,000 in 2017, but back in line with his predecessor Glenn Stevens' remuneration.
The $3.8bn profits represent a $4.7 billion turnaround from last year's $900 million loss.
The RBA made a net gain of $3 billion from securities and foreign exchange compared to last year's loss of $1.8 billion.
Net interest income was down 10 percent to $900 million as the RBA continued to hold interest rates throughout the year.
The Reserve fund only dished out around half of the $1.3 billion they gave to the Commonwealth Government last year. This year they only released $669 million.
The Reserve Bank's earnings come from two sources, underlying earnings, which comprises net interest and fee income and less operating costs, and valuation gains or losses.
Net interest income arises because the bank earns interest on almost all of its assets.
Click here <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2018/9/21/earnings1.jpg" target="_blank">to enlarge.</a>
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2018/9/21/earnings1.jpg" alt="">
The RBA suggested valuation gains and losses result from fluctuations in the value of the Reserve Bank's assets because of movements in exchange rates or in yields on securities it holds.
"A depreciation of the Australian dollar or a decline in interest rates results in valuation gains," the RBA noted.
"Conversely, an appreciation of the Australian dollar or a rise in market yields leads to valuation losses.
"These gains and losses are realised only when the underlying asset is sold or matures.
"Valuation gains and losses are volatile, as both exchange rates and market interest rates fluctuate in wide ranges over time.
Click here <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2018/9/21/losses.jpg" target="_blank">to enlarge.</a>
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2018/9/21/losses.jpg" alt="">
 
The RBA said they measure their property at fair value.
Their properties are formally valued annually by an independent valuer. They recently sold their Collins Street office, their Melbourne HQ, for $160 million after only expecting around $100 million.
 
 
 
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jrobinson-rf4aSBido9

RBA announces $3.8bn profits 

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<div>
Commercial property agency JLL's Australian arm have seen revenue rise for the eighth consecutive year.
Revenues were up 17 per cent in the 2017 calendar year on 2016, with profits 18 per cent in the past year.
The Australian Financial Review said the result was led by contributions from JLL's facilities management business.
Facilities management revenues rose 67 per cent year-on-year after the agency won large government outsourcing contracts.
</div>
<div>Its chief executive of JLL Australia, Stephen Conry, said the company's whole of Australian government contract win covering 34 government entities and its Victorian government contract win covering 276 properties were behind the large increase in revenue from facilities management.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>The agency booked a 13 per cent lift in its property management fees.</div>
<div>
JLL's investment sales business had revenues up year-on-year by 10 per cent
The commercial real estate agency booked a record full year revenue of $US7.9 billion in its global operations.
</div>
<div>
In its Asia Pacific business, revenue rose 20 per cent to $US1.6 billion and fee revenue was up 14 per cent to $US1.2 billion.
The increase in 2017 fee revenue was led by Greater China, Australia, India and Japan, the company said. 
Meanwhile US listed real estate agency CBRE recorded an all-time high for both revenue and earnings in 2017, driven by occupier outsourcing and leasing fee revenue.
<div>
Global revenue hit $US14.2 billion ($18 billion), an increase of nine per cent, with CBRE's Pacific business reporting a record revenue result in the fourth quarter after a nine per cent increase in revenue compared with the previous corresponding quarter.
CBRE's president and chief executive for the Pacific, Ray Pittman said the performance was driven by brokerage and professional services teams.
</div>
<div>
However, APAC sales revenue fell seven per cent compared with the fourth quarter of 2016, when sales had surged 42 per cent.
</div>
</div>
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j.ballantyne1990-6AQqhLzZaK

JLL Australia see revenues rise for eighth year

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<h1>
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/saul-eslake-665" style="font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.16px;">Saul Eslake</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-tasmania-888">University of Tasmania</a>
</h1>
Do higher profits necessarily lead to higher wages? The answer, as borne out by the data below, might surprise you. In fact, wages growth is more likely to arise from smart policy settings that directly boost economic and employment growth.
Australian wages growth is, as Reserve Bank governor Philip Lowe <a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2017/sp-gov-2017-09-21">recently noted</a>, “the slowest since at least the mid-1960s”. Treasurer Scott Morrison recently <a href="https://sjm.ministers.treasury.gov.au/media-release/085-2017/" target="_blank">asserted</a> that a sustained increase in profitability is a prerequisite for a pick-up in wages growth.
But there is little data to support the idea that wages and profits are connected.
<img src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/files/188524/width754/file-20171003-3782-1ws0esq.png" alt="">The Conversation/Author provided, <a class="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">CC BY-ND</a>
There does not appear to be any “leading” relationship between growth in pre-tax company profits and growth in wages, even if the mining sector (which accounts for a good deal of the fluctuations in profit growth over the past dozen years) is excluded.
<img src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/files/188527/width754/file-20171003-3124-1ta5b97.png" alt="">The Conversation/Author provided, <a class="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-ND</a>
Some relationship between profit margins (that is, profits as a proportion of sales revenue) and wages might have existed in the past. However, that appears to have broken down in the years since the peak of the commodities boom, in 2011-12, as you can see in the following chart.
Since then, aggregate profit margins have risen to levels not seen since the early 2000s, but wages growth has continued to slow.
<img src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/files/188529/width754/file-20171003-12163-1qrzjgd.png" alt="">The Conversation/Author provided, <a class="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-ND</a>
Rather than being a precursor to faster growth in wages, the growth in Australian company profits in recent years appears to be part of a broader global pattern: the share of aggregate income accruing to capital is rising while that accruing to labour is falling.
<h2>In line with global trends</h2>
Researchers from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have provided a plausible set of explanations for these developments in their <a href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2017/09/19/%7E/media/Files/Publications/WEO/2017/October/pdf/analytical-chapters/c2.ashx" target="_blank">latest World Economic Outlook</a>. They contend that “macroeconomic factors such as labour market slack, inflation expectations and trend productivity growth can account for the bulk of the variation in nominal wage growth … in recent years”.
Echoing <a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/smp/2017/feb/box-b-underemployment-and-labour-market-spare-capacity" target="_blank">a point frequently made by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA)</a>, the IMF researchers note: “True labour market slack may … be larger than suggested by headline unemployment rates.” This is because of the growth in the number of workers working fewer hours than they are willing and able to work.
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Read more: <a href="https://theconversation.com/explainer-how-wage-growth-contributes-to-the-economy-75625" target="_blank">Explainer: how wage growth contributes to the economy</a>
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The researchers find that even in economies where unemployment rates are now below their pre-GFC averages, “involuntary part-time employment … appears to be weighing on wages growth”, alongside “slower-moving drivers … such as automation, diminished medium-term growth expectations and the growing importance of the services sector”.
The IMF researchers conclude that, overall, “wage growth … may continue to remain subdued until involuntary part-time employment diminishes or trend productivity growth picks up”.
All of this suggests that policy measures that seek, in the first instance, to (further) lift corporate profits will not enhance the prospects of a pick-up in wages growth in Australia.
<h2>Preferential taxation not the answer</h2>
As I’ve argued <a href="https://theconversation.com/why-small-business-tax-cuts-arent-likely-to-boost-jobs-and-growth-72658" target="_blank">previously</a>, there’s absolutely no evidence that preferentially taxing small businesses will do anything to boost innovation, productivity, investment or employment. Hence, there’s no reason to think it will do anything to lift wages growth.
Nor is there any <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://economics.mit.edu/files/7666" target="_blank">compelling empirical evidence</a> to suggest that across-the-board tax cuts for larger companies will have any significant impact on employment and hence on wages.
Rather, an acceleration in wages growth is more likely to come from policies that directly boost economic and employment growth – such as increased spending on (well-chosen) infrastructure projects – and that boost productivity growth (including well-targeted education and training initiatives).
A more controversial proposition may be that measures designed to reverse, in part, the shifts in the shares of national income accruing to labour and capital over the past decade or so could also help accelerate wages growth.
<iframe style="border: none;" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/53kAt/5/" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="400"></iframe>
Partly because real wages have grown more slowly than labour productivity since the turn of the century (as you can see in the previous chart), the “profits share” of Australian national income is well above its long-run average. The “wages share” is close to a record low.
<img src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/files/188692/width754/file-20171003-31723-6uw84z.png" alt="">The Conversation/Author provided, <a class="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-ND</a>
<h2>Historical precedent</h2>
In some respects, the present situation is the obverse of the “<a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/rdp/1988/pdf/rdp8806.pdf" target="_blank">real wage overhang</a>” that emerged in the second half of the 1970s, whereby real wages surged much faster than productivity.
One of the main purposes of the Hawke government’s <a href="https://theconversation.com/australian-politics-explainer-the-prices-and-incomes-accord-75622" target="_blank">Prices and Incomes Accord</a> was to secure the ACTU’s acceptance that wages would grow more slowly than productivity (and fall in real terms) to eliminate this “overhang” and reduce unemployment.
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Read more: <a href="https://theconversation.com/australian-politics-explainer-the-prices-and-incomes-accord-75622" target="_blank">Australian politics explainer: the Prices and Incomes Accord</a>
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Hence, it could be argued that what is required now is a period during which real wages grow faster than productivity to eliminate what could be termed a “real wage underhang”. That would be difficult to achieve via an accord-type process given the changes in how the labour market works since the 1980s.
And it would be important to ensure that real wages did not grow at a pace relative to productivity growth that led to higher unemployment.
<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/83819/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">The government could consider using its submissions to the Fair Work Commission’s annual determinations of the minimum wage, and its approach to wage negotiations with its own employees, as a way of nudging wages growth upwards.
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/saul-eslake-665" target="_blank">Saul Eslake</a>, Vice-Chancellor’s Fellow, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-tasmania-888" target="_blank">University of Tasmania</a>
This article was originally published on <a href="https://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a>. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/is-faster-profit-growth-essential-for-a-pick-up-in-wages-growth-83819" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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Is faster profit growth essential before a pickup in wages growth? Saul Eslake

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Nine out of 10 people who sold a property during the December 2016 quarter made a profit according to the latest CoreLogic Pain &amp; Gain report.
Based on house and unit resales, $18.8 billion in profit was realised over the quarter; the median profit for resales was $172,000.
In contrast, the total gross losses realised over the quarter was recorded at $467 million with a median gross loss of $33,000 per sale.
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Nationally, this equates to 8.9% of the dwellings that resold over the final quarter of 2016 transacted for less than their previous purchase price, and moderately lower than the 9.3% over the September 2016 quarter. However, when compared with the December 2015 quarter, the proportion of loss-making sales has increased from 8.2% of all resales at a loss. 
Report author Cameron Kusher said Capital city housing markets continued to record a lower proportion of loss-making resales than regional areas of the country.
“Regional area trends are showing that homes reselling at a loss are lower in coastal and lifestyle markets, while in the markets linked to the resources sector, losses remain very high although they have eased a little over the quarter.”
An area breakdown (see below) identifying the profits and losses performance differences over the December 2016 quarter delivers some interesting observations. 
As an example, in Sydney’s inner north, the council area of Willoughby recorded the highest median loss over quarter at $803,000, while close neighbour Hunters Hill recorded the highest profit in the city at $113,000.  In Melbourne, Nillumbik experienced the highest median loss at $379,000 while the Booroondara profited by $653,750.
The below table provides a snapshot (more in attached report) of the areas to experience the greatest median losses, lowest median losses, greatest median profits &amp; lowest median profits.
<a href="https://www.corelogic.com.au/resources/img/media-releases/2017-03-31--Pain_Gain-1.jpg" target="_parent">CLICK TO ENLARGE</a>
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The CoreLogic Pain &amp; Gain data shows that across the country, 7.6% of houses and 12.3% of units that resold over the December 2016 quarter transacted for less than their previous purchase price.  In the capital cities, the proportion of houses resold at a loss over the quarter (5.4%) were almost half that of units (10.0%) while across the regional markets, the proportion of house resales at a loss (7.6%) was much lower than the 17.8% of units resold at a loss.
Mr Kusher said Sydney was the only region where the proportion of units resold at a loss over the quarter was actually lower than houses. 
"On the other hand, in Melbourne, Brisbane and the ACT the proportion of units resold at a loss over the quarter was more than five times greater than houses resold at a loss.” 
“A retrospective look at the data indicates that it has been extremely rare for resales of houses to record a higher proportion of loss than units.  This is reflective of the fact that house values have typically increased at a more rapid pace than units.” 
“In a market like Sydney, where more units have been built than houses over the past two decades, and the gap between house and unit prices is substantial, the trends have changed recently with units proving less likely to resell at a loss than houses.
“This is likely linked to the fact that there is a wide gap between house and unit prices in the city and for many units are now the only option for home purchase,” Mr Kusher said.
<img src="https://www.corelogic.com.au/resources/img/media-releases/2017-03-31--Pain_Gain-2.jpg" alt="2017-03-31--Pain_Gain-2" width="800" height="528">
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SEQ property sale loss felt especially at Somerset

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<div>Mortgage Choice Limited has announced a 10.7 percent growth in cash profit, rising to $20.5 million, in FY16.</div>
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<div>They recorded their best ever settlement result, with settlements totalling $12.2 billion, up 6.3 percent on FY15.</div>
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<div>Their loan book was up 4.4 percent on FY15, pushing through the $50 billion milestone, growing to $51.7 billion.</div>
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<div>Mortgage Choice chief executive officer John Flavell said the latest annual financial results were a testament to the ongoing strength of the business.</div>
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<div>“Throughout FY16 the Group performed very well, achieving (or exceeding) all of the business objectives we set for ourselves,” he said.   “Better yet, our impressive business results were recorded against a backdrop of considerable economic and market volatility.</div>
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<div>"Complexity in the market has provided a real opportunity for our business to deliver increased value to our customers through the provision of help, guidance and advice.</div>
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<div>John said he is confident about the future direction of Mortgage Choice and believes FY17 will be a strong year for the Business.</div>
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<div>  “In FY16, we laid the foundations for a very successful future,” he said.   “We set ourselves some aggressive business targets and we met, if not exceeded, all of them.</div>
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<div>"Heading into FY17, we will step up this momentum.</div>
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<div>"We have identified the four key priorities for the business over the next 12 months, and we will deliver on these whilst maintaining a laser-like focus on our 2020 vision.   
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Mortgage Choice delivers 10.7 percent growth in cash profit 

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Estate agent John McGrath is stepping away from the daily operations of the recently listed McGrath group.
The company has revealed the company’s current joint chief executive Cameron Judson will take Mr McGrath’s role.
It came as McGrath Limited (ASX: MEA) announced a 12 percent revenue increase in their first year as a listed company.
Their revenue increased to $137 million, which was in line with their guidance range of $136 million to $140 million.
The chairman David Mackay, who oversaw the listing last year, will retire from the board and be replaced by Cass O’Connor, who has been on the board for 15 years.
Elizabeth Crouch is the board's latest appointment. Elizabeth is currently Deputy Chancellor of Macquarie University and on the Board of the Macquarie University Hospital and the Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences. She chairs the Audit and Risk committees of the City of Sydney and the NSW Government’s Health Infrastructure and is a Non-Executive Director of SGS Economics and Planning. Elizabeth has served as Chair of Railcorp, Non-Executive Director of Chandler Macleod for 4 years and CEO of the Housing Industry Association for 9 years. 
John McGrath, who remains an executive director, said his new job would focus on growing the company’s “brand, growth and innovation”.
“As the company grows rapidly it’s important to focus my attention and efforts on the business that I add most value,” Mr McGrath said.
The McGrath group continued to grow sales, agent numbers, offices and market share in FY16.
Their number of property sales rose 11 percent to 12,232, with the value of property sales seeing a 14 percent increase to $13.2 billion.
Agent numbers increased by 77, rising to 642 across the country, and the number of McGrath offices increased by 20 to 87.
<a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2016/08/24/McGrath%20finances.jpg" target="_blank">Click here to enlarge</a>
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Joint-CEO and founder John McGrath was pleased with the business model strength despite the difficult market.
“Notwithstanding the challenging market environment for the real estate industry, given the low volume of listings and sales in the second half, the strength of our business model saw us deliver a solid result," he said.
“We have successfully grown into new and emerging markets by opening our first four franchise offices in Victoria, and another eight in Queensland.
McGrath Estate Agents were made the exclusive selling agency for the Property NSW's Millers Point sell-off in FY16.
“Property NSW’s appointment of McGrath Estate Agents as the exclusive selling agent for two phases of the Millers Point program was a key milestone for the company.
"Our ability to achieve a 100 percent clearance rate with 58 properties sold for $179.9 million is a testament to the capabilities of our people and the strength of our offering.
John also spoke of the appointment of joint-CEO Cameron Judson, whom he had shared the chief executive position with since July.
“Our team has been further strengthened with the appointment of Cameron Judson as Joint-CEO on 14 July 2016.
"He brings a wealth of professional services industry experience and new perspectives to McGrath.”
Judson spoke on the strategy and outlook, suggesting despite the short term challenging market conditions, the long term fundamentals of the real estate industry remain attractive.
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John McGrath announces 12 percent revenue increase in first year as veteran steps aside from listed company leadership

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Rental property portal Rent.com.au have seen their revenue increase by 118 percent in the year to June 30.
Their revenue was $748,000, up from $343,000 in FY15, which showed the demand for rental properties has continued to escalate in the increasingly expensive property market.
<a href="/images/2016/08/24/Rent.com.au%20FY16.jpg" target="_blank">Click here to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/08/24/Rent.com.au%20FY16.jpg" alt="" width="406" height="222">
 
They've also hired a new CEO, Greg Bader, who replaced departing chief executive and founder, Mark Woschnak.
Greg Bader said that in today’s market renters wanted a wide range of rental properties from which to choose, from both agents and non-agents.
"We accept that housing affordability is a real issue in Australia, but we are also seeing a growing number of people choosing to rent for practical and logical reasons," he said.
“We now have a very significant share of all rental property listings available on our site and have developed a consistently large and unique renter audience as a result.
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"This is core to the positioning of RENT as the destination of choice for renters, however we’re also moving towards meeting the other needs of renters in a commercially sustainable way.
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The listed company has achieved 651,000 average monthly unique visitors this year, up 157 percent from last year and exceeding the target of 500,000 unique visitors per month.
In the past year, 2700 agents and 13,000 private landlords have signed up to advertise on the site.
The company will now begin to commercialise on the website having reached critical mass.
It will offer more products to address renter concerns such as RentCheck which helps landlords check a renter's standing.
 
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Rent.com.au announce new CEO as revenue rises 118 percent in FY16

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Charter Hall Group have announced its full year results for the 12 months to June 30 2016, showing a statutory profit after tax of $215.2 million.
Profits were up $97.3 million from FY15, with operating earnings of $124.7 million, up 26.2 percent.
The Group's FUM increased $3.9 billion, the equivalent to 29 percent, to $17.5 billion, reflecting a 15.9 percent annual growth rate since June 2010.
The continued growth was driven by $2.3 billion of net acquisitions, $1.1 billion of revaulations and $500 million of development capex.
The high quality and diversified $17.5 billion portfolio comprises 296 properties, leased to 2,550 tenants delivering $1.3 billion of gross rental income. 
"Growth of 29 percent in FUM to $17.5 billion and 10.5 percent OEPS growth reflects the Group's strategy focusing on accessing, deploying, managing and investing capital," said Charter Halls' Group CEO and managing director David Harrison.
The Group's property investments increased by $154 million to $1.1 billion, generating an earnings yield of 7.4 percent per annum.
<a href="/images/2016/08/23/Charter%20Hall%20Split.jpg" target="_blank">Click here to enlarge</a>
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The total portfolio occupancy remained strong at 98.6 percent and the weighted average lease expiry stable at 8.8 years.
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“We are proud to highlight that the Group’s Property Investments have consistently outperformed their respective benchmarks," Harrison said.
The total property return from our Property Investments over five years of 16.0% p.a. has outperformed the MSCI/IPD Unlisted Wholesale Pooled Property Funds Index of 9.7% p.a. over the same period.”. 
<a href="/images/2016/08/23/Charter%20hall%20financial%20jpeg.jpg" target="_blank">Click here to enlarge </a>
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Financial highlights:
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  Statutory profit after tax of $215.2 million, up $97.3 million 
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  Operating earnings of $124.7 million, up 26.2% 
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  Operating earnings per security of 30.4 cents, up 10.5% 
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  Distribution per security of 26.9 cents, up 11.2% 
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  Net Tangible Assets per security of $3.04, up 10.1% Operational performance: 
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  Access: Gross equity inflows of $1.5 billion from diversified equity sources. 
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  Deploy: Completed $3.7 billion of property transactions. $3.0 billion in acquisitions, $0.7 billion in non-core divestments.
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  Manage: 29% growth in funds under management (FUM) to $17.5 billion. Completed 545 leasing transactions.
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  Invest: Net $56 million invested alongside our capital partners. 6.46% WACR and 7.9% discount rate. Property Investment earnings growth of 26.4%.
 
 
 
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Charter Hall achieves 29% FUM growth to $17.5 billion

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Scentre Group today announced its results for the six months to 30 June 2016, with Funds From Operations (FFO) of $617 million.
The profit represents 11.61 cents per security and distribution of 10.65 cents per security, keeping them on track to deliver its full year forecast FFO growth.
The full year forecast FFO growth was around 3 percent, with forecast FFO of 23.25 cents per security and forecast distribution of 21.3 cents per security.
“We are pleased with these half year results which reflect the benefits of focussing on the highest quality shopping centres in Australia and New Zealand," said Scentre Group CEO Peter Allen.
"Our portfolio is well positioned to continue to deliver long term growth”.
Comparable net property income increase 2.6 percent for the six months, driven primarily by contracted rent increases.
“Our shopping centres continue to experience strong demand from retailers, demonstrating the benefits of the high sales productivity across the portfolio” Peter said. 
Scentre Group announced earlier this month that it had purchased the David Jones Market Street building in Sydney's CBD with Cbus Property.
When completed, Scentre Group will own the redeveloped retail site, adding an additional 10,00 sqm of luxury retail space.
“Having completed the acquisition of the adjacent David Jones building, we have the unique opportunity to expand Westfield Sydney, which has the highest specialty sales productivity in Australia, reinforcing the precinct as Sydney’s luxury retail destination” Peter said.
During the half, the Group commenced $605 million of developments including projects at Westfield Chermside, Queensland, Westfield North Lakes, Queensland and Westfield Whitford City, Western Australia. 
The Group owns and operates interests in 40 Westfield shopping centres, including 16 of the top 25 performing centres in Australia, and has assets under management of $43.3 billion.  
Scentre Group has a strong balance sheet with gearing of 33.7% at 30 June 2016. 
 
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Scentre Group announce six month profit of $617 million

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Melbourne based residential developer AVJennings continue to make profits in the housing boom, showing a 19 percent profit increase in FY16.
The company stayed away from the over-supplied CBD high-rise markets and saw their net profit rise to $40.9 million.
The profits came due to its increased housing lot sales, with chief executive Peter Summers suggesting traditional housing had the steadiest outlook.
"Our markets, that is the traditional housing markets, remain under-supplied."
"The customer base is traditional, stable, domestically based and in need of housing, rather than speculators." 
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The growing revenue hit $421.9 million, an increase of 32.7 percent, and the full-year dividend payout rose by 25 percent to 5¢.
Below are AVJennings FY16 results
<a href="/images/2016/08/19/AVJennings%20FY16%20results.jpg" target="_blank">Click here to enlarge</a>
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AVJennings pipeline plans are extensive, with developments planned all over Australia and one in New Zealand.
Summer acknowledged the widespread concerns of oversupply, but suggested that it's concentrated on the CBD apartment markets, and there's a large under-supply of housing in the wider market.
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"We've been saying for some years that we believe this type of product of apartment construction is the wrong type of product for many Australians and it has created too much product in certain markets."
"Our strategy has been to focus on a stable base of traditional buyers.
"We haven't chased what see as potentially more risky markets for short term gain."
AVJennings offshore buyers only represent one percent of their purchasers.
 
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