One of North Sydney's best-known commercial buildings could become hundreds of new homes, with insurance giant Zurich Australia lodging a State Significant Development Application (SSDA) to transform 5 Blue Street into a mixed-use residential development above North Sydney Station.

Rather than demolishing the existing building and starting again, Zurich is proposing an adaptive reuse project that would convert the landmark office building into a 15-level residential development delivering 62 apartments, 86 affordable co-living dwellings, activated retail and significant upgrades to the Blue Street Plaza.

The proposal reflects a growing trend of commercial property owners repositioning ageing office assets into residential housing as Sydney grapples with housing supply shortages and changing workplace demand.

<img alt="Zurich" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="0bba7d12-06dc-4375-aad7-238c94b21ac5" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-07-22%20at%2010.42.05%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=NJl5oLAEBDGuPmY3RnyliKODjMc8lvRh" />

Located directly above North Sydney Metro and train station, the 3,051 sqm site occupies one of the most strategically positioned parcels of land on Sydney's Lower North Shore.

Designed by fjcstudio, the proposal seeks to retain and adapt much of the existing structure while creating a contemporary residential address that better connects with the public domain surrounding North Sydney Station.

The application proposes two basement levels, ground floor retail, affordable co-living accommodation across the podium levels, and apartments above, while preserving and enhancing the publicly accessible Blue Street Plaza.

Rather than pursuing maximum apartment numbers, Zurich has opted for a housing mix heavily weighted towards larger owner-occupier residences.

The proposal includes 62 build-to-sell apartments comprising 12 one-bedroom, 19 two-bedroom, 29 three-bedroom apartments and two premium penthouses. It also incorporates 86 affordable co-living dwellings, which would be managed in perpetuity by a Community Housing Provider.

That balance between traditional apartments and affordable housing reflects the NSW Government's push to increase housing diversity around major transport infrastructure.

The proposal has been lodged concurrently with a rezoning application, with Zurich arguing the site is ideally positioned to support additional housing given its immediate proximity to public transport, employment and services.

"The proposal aims to respond to the housing challenges facing Sydney through the delivery of diverse housing types in a highly accessible location," the design report by fjcstudio states. It also seeks to improve pedestrian amenity through upgrades to Blue Street Plaza while creating a high-performing residential building that responds to the surrounding context.

<img alt="Zurich" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="36082e15-c636-4481-bb68-5a5f6443fe39" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-07-22%20at%2010.41.36%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=5P6VD.fvmqjQfIG3TWWMRXxQWiQBjeFB" />

Rather than replacing the commercial building, fjcstudio has developed a design that works with the existing structural framework above the rail corridor, an approach that significantly reduces demolition while allowing the site to be repositioned as a mixed-use residential precinct.

The existing structural constraints have informed much of the building's design, including its relationship with Blue Street and surrounding public spaces.

The building has been designed as a slender tower rising above a clearly defined podium, with vertically expressed façades intended to reduce the perceived bulk while reinforcing North Sydney's emerging skyline.

According to fjcstudio, the architectural language responds directly to the surrounding commercial towers while maintaining a finer grain expression more closely aligned with the neighbouring Lavender Bay streetscape.

The tower incorporates articulated façade elements, landscaped podium edges and recessed upper levels to soften its appearance and improve pedestrian amenity below.

A significant component of the proposal is the revitalisation of Blue Street Plaza.

The existing public space has long served as one of the primary pedestrian connections between North Sydney Station, Greenwood Plaza and Blue Street, yet its role is expected to become even more important following the opening of Sydney Metro.

Zurich's proposal seeks to strengthen that role by improving landscaping, introducing new retail frontages, enhancing pedestrian permeability and creating more active edges throughout the day and evening.

Ground floor retail would wrap the plaza, while separate residential and co-living entries have been designed to improve wayfinding without reducing street activation.

Landscape design has been integrated throughout the podium and public realm, softening what is currently one of the most heavily urbanised parts of North Sydney.

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fjcstudio has carefully oriented apartments towards Sydney Harbour and the CBD while using privacy blades and articulated façades to minimise overlooking between neighbouring buildings.

Large framed openings along the western elevation maximise harbour outlooks, while the eastern apartments have been angled towards the south-east to improve privacy from neighbouring development.

The project forms part of the continuing transformation of North Sydney from a predominantly commercial CBD into a genuine mixed-use city centre.

Since the completion of Victoria Cross Metro Station, developers have increasingly shifted their attention towards residential projects capable of leveraging the area's unparalleled transport connectivity.

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FiveX recently lodged plans for a 61-storey, 490-apartment tower that would become one of the tallest residential buildings in North Sydney if approved.

Aqualand continues to expand its Lower North Shore presence following the completion of AURA on Walker Street and its recent St Leonards and Roseville proposals.

Developers are also progressing projects throughout Walker Street, Miller Street and the Victoria Cross precinct as demand for well-located owner-occupier apartments continues to strengthen.

Joel Robinson

First look: Zurich targets North Sydney office conversion with 148-unit proposal above Metro station

Busy developer Aqualand Prestige has formally taken the next step in its expansion across Sydney's Lower North Shore, lodging a State Significant Development Application (SSDA) for its long-held Archer Street site in Chatswood.

The application covers <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/51-55-archer-street-chatswood-nsw-2067">51-55 Archer Street</a>, a 1,767 sqm amalgamated site on the eastern edge of the Chatswood CBD, where the developer is seeking approval for a 45-level mixed-use tower delivering 114 apartments, including a significant affordable housing component, alongside retail, commercial space and six basement levels of parking.

The SSDA marks the latest milestone for a project Aqualand has been quietly progressing over the past two years. The developer first secured the site for its Aqualand Prestige platform before undertaking an alternative design excellence process with PTW Architects, ultimately avoiding a formal design competition through the Housing Delivery Authority pathway.

The proposal has evolved considerably from Aqualand's original concept. The revised scheme has been designed around larger owner-occupier product, with an unusually high proportion of three and four-bedroom apartments, targeting the more affluent buyer profile, and downsizer, emerging across the North Shore.

<img alt="Archer St" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="0171204c-5811-41b5-9b09-2335d1b7c3d0" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-07-22%20at%208.52.48%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=6YTuxfq.puZo7k2wbfgemcO5K3QfXYGQ" />

The 114-apartment mix comprises six studios, 27 one-bedroom apartments, 18 two-bedroom apartments, 50 three-bedroom residences and 13 four-bedroom homes. A quarter of the building will be dedicated to affordable housing, well above the mandated 15 per cent&nbsp;

PTW has structured the building vertically, with affordable housing across levels one to six, premium apartments through levels seven to 31, duplex skyhomes on klevels 32 to 43, a penthouse on level 44, and a rooftop plant level above. Six basement levels will provide resident parking and servicing.

The tower is proposed to reach approximately 154 metres, placing it among a growing collection of residential high-rises transforming Chatswood's skyline.

Rather than competing purely on height, PTW says the design has been driven by creating a slimmer tower capable of delivering significantly larger apartments.

"The primary objective of this project was to create a distinctive building that stands out from the recently approved or built structures in the Chatswood area," the design report states, noting the structural efficiency allows greater investment into apartment quality and resident amenity.

Residents would have access to more than 450 sqm of communal open space including landscaped gardens, swimming pool, rooftop entertaining areas, fitness spaces, community gardens, children's play areas and barbecue facilities.

A major focus of the design has been the public domain.

The ground plane has been opened up through landscaped terraces inspired by Willoughby's sandstone ridges, with native planting, public seating, artwork, retail activation and a series of gathering spaces intended to soften what has traditionally been a hard commercial streetscape.

The landscape strategy references Blue Gum forests once common throughout the area, while incorporating Indigenous storytelling, public art and lighting installations to strengthen the connection to Country.

Chatswood has been one of Sydney's busiest apartment markets over the past 12 months, with a steady pipeline of both new project launches and fresh development applications.

Hyecorp recently launched Celine, a 122-apartment development just along Archer Street, while Changfa and Huirong Group are progressing The Anderson, an 84-apartment project on Anderson Street.

Develotek recently secured approval for a 101-apartment tower on Pacific Highway, while Tian An LFD received the green light for Hammond Greens, its apartment development on the edge of the Chatswood Bowling Club.

Commercial property developer FiveX is also making its move into the residential market. Last month it lodged plans for a 61-storey tower with 490 apartments, which, if approved, would become one of the tallest residential buildings in Chatswood.

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/nsw/first-look-fivex-targets-chatswood-skyline-with-61-storey-tower-after-north-sydney-plans">First look: FiveX targets Chatswood skyline with 61-storey tower after North Sydney plans</a>

Aqualand is also expanding its development pipeline following the launch of its luxury residential brand, Aqualand Prestige. The developer has delivered a string of high-end apartment projects across Sydney's affluent suburbs over the past decade, most recently AURA by Aqualand on Walker Street in North Sydney.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=30959 project_image_fid=292863]

It has since quietly assembled its next wave of projects.

Earlier this year Aqualand launched Boronia in Roseville, a boutique 111-apartment development on Larkin Street. The project is one of the first significant apartment developments to launch in the suburb ahead of what is expected to become one of Sydney's most active new housing precincts under the NSW Government's Low and Mid-Rise Housing reforms, which allow greater density around train stations.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=152095 project_image_fid=373685]

The developer has also lodged plans for a two-tower, 413-apartment development on Herbert Street in nearby St Leonards, further strengthening its presence across the Lower North Shore.

Beyond that, Aqualand remains behind the final stage of Barangaroo, where plans will deliver a five-hectare mixed-use precinct comprising new homes, retail, hospitality and community facilities, alongside a new Metro entrance and more than two hectares of public open space, completing the Barangaroo precinct.

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/nsw/central-barangaroo-development-takes-big-step-with-concept-proposal-approval">Central Barangaroo development takes big step with concept proposal approval</a>

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/nsw/first-look-aqualand-joins-st-leonards-apartment-party">First look: Aqualand joins St Leonards apartment party</a> 
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First look: Aqualand pushes ahead with Chatswood apartment tower as SSDA lodged for Archer Street

Mass timber is becoming an increasingly popular construction material in apartment developments, but Adelaide developer <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/otello">Otello</a> is taking the approach a step further.

At its new <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/flowe-bowden-18-gibson-street-bowden-sa-5007">Flowe Bowden</a> development, the exposed cross-laminated timber (CLT) structure isn't just about reducing the building's environmental footprint. It also forms the foundation of a broader wellness strategy, influencing everything from indoor air quality and natural materials to the way residents move through and experience the building.

The 115-apartment mixed-use development, designed by Melbourne-based architecture practice Fieldwork, will occupy a prominent island site opposite Bowden Village Reserve, combining one, two and three-bedroom apartments with retail and a dedicated wellness destination.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=152022 project_image_fid=375528]

Wellness isn't confined to a gym or shared resident facility at Flowe. Instead, Fieldwork embedded the concept into the building itself.

The development has been split into two residential wings connected by a naturally ventilated central breezeway, replacing traditional enclosed corridors with open-air walkways that improve natural light, encourage cross ventilation and create more opportunities for neighbourly interaction.

"Rather than treating wellness as something that only happens on the ground floor, our response integrates it throughout the building, which led us to ask what it really means to design a healthy building," Fieldwork Director Quino Holland said.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=152022 project_image_fid=375531]

The building's architecture also reflects Bowden's industrial heritage. The lower podium references the area's historic brick and sandstone buildings, while the upper levels transition to exposed CLT, allowing the timber structure to become a defining feature throughout the apartments and shared spaces.

The use of mass timber sits alongside a range of sustainability initiatives, including a fully electric, gas-free design, rooftop solar and a targeted 5 Star Green Star rating.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=152022 project_image_fid=375524]

Inside the residences, the focus remains on natural, durable materials. Blackbutt engineered timber flooring, exposed CLT ceilings, porcelain surfaces and warm timber joinery create a calming interior palette, while low-VOC finishes and responsibly sourced materials have been selected to improve indoor air quality.

Kitchens have been designed as the centrepiece of each apartment, featuring porcelain island benchtops, timber-look cabinetry and brushed steel tapware, with layouts that maximise natural light and ventilation.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=152022 project_image_fid=375530]

The more traditional interpretation of wellness comes in the form of Level Eleven, a two-storey wellness club spanning the ground floor, mezzanine and first floor.

The facility will include a gym, yoga and reformer Pilates studios, Finnish and infrared saunas, magnesium hot and cold plunge pools, and dedicated recovery spaces. Unlike many residential wellness facilities, Level Eleven will also operate commercially, allowing the broader Bowden community to access the venue while giving residents exclusive membership benefits.

The ground floor has also been designed around everyday living. A café overlooking Bowden Village Reserve will activate the street frontage, while a bike workshop with tool storage, co-working space and dog wash has been incorporated to support daily routines and encourage interaction between residents.

"Flowe brings together my two biggest passions, creating places and creating healthier lives," Otello founder Daniel Harris said.

"We wanted to create something Adelaide hasn't seen before, a genuinely healthy building, where the way you live is lifted without even trying."

Flowe is positioned directly opposite Bowden Village Reserve and within walking distance of Bowden Railway Station and the Adelaide Entertainment Centre, placing future residents just minutes from the Adelaide CBD while remaining connected to one of the city's most established urban renewal precincts.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=152022]

Otello launches wellness-focused Flowe Bowden with Adelaide-first mass timber apartment design

Not all apartment amenities are immediately visible.

Swimming pools, gyms, rooftop terraces and residents' lounges have long featured on buyers' wishlists, but as the way Australians live has changed, so too have the features that make apartment living more convenient.

Increasingly, buyers are placing value on the practical aspects of day-to-day life. Fast internet, EV charging, secure bike storage, flexible workspaces and parcel management are becoming just as relevant as lifestyle amenities, reflecting changing habits and expectations.

Online shopping has been one of the biggest drivers of that shift.

Australians spent a record $82.6 billion shopping online in 2025, with almost one in every four retail dollars now spent digitally, making parcel deliveries a routine part of everyday life rather than an occasional convenience.

For apartment residents, however, receiving those deliveries isn't always straightforward.

Without someone home to accept a parcel, deliveries can be redirected to a nearby Post Office, left in building foyers or common areas, or require building management to temporarily store packages. As apartment living continues to grow across Australia's cities, parcel management has become an increasingly important consideration for both residents and developers.

Australia Post's Parcel Locker network is one response to that shift.

<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/KPZ9j5FRdsQ?si=Qztc1dNP3ZvEIUhb" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe>

Rather than relying on home delivery, eligible parcels can be directed to a nominated Parcel Locker, where they're securely stored until collected. Once a parcel arrives, residents receive a notification through the AusPost app or SMS and can retrieve it using a one-time code or QR code at a time that suits them.

The network has expanded to more than 1,500 locations nationwide, with Parcel Lockers positioned at Post Offices, shopping centres, supermarkets, transport hubs and, increasingly, within or alongside residential developments.

That growing presence reflects a broader change in how apartment buildings are being planned.

Developers are increasingly considering the operational side of apartment living alongside traditional lifestyle amenities. Just as secure mailrooms, bicycle storage and EV charging have become more common inclusions, parcel management is emerging as another feature that supports everyday convenience.

It also helps preserve the arrival experience within a building. Carefully designed lobbies and communal spaces can quickly become cluttered when deliveries accumulate, while secure parcel solutions reduce the likelihood of missed deliveries or parcels being left unattended.

For buyers comparing apartments, these everyday details are becoming part of the decision-making process.

Location, floorplans and finishes remain fundamental, but the features that simplify daily life are carrying greater weight than they once did. As online shopping continues to shape consumer behaviour, secure parcel delivery is increasingly becoming another amenity worth looking for.

Parcel delivery is joining the apartment amenity checklist

Inca Property Group has lodged a State Significant Development Application (SSDA) for Dawn, a 53-apartment oceanfront development overlooking Mona Vale Beach.

The proposal, at 35-39 Darley Street East, would replace an existing 18-apartment strata building with a new owner-occupier-focused development comprising 53 two and three-bedroom apartments, including nine affordable built-to-rent residences delivered under the State's infill affordable housing scheme.

Positioned on a 2,679 sqm elevated site around 280 metres from Mona Vale Beach, the development has been designed to maximise panoramic ocean views while responding to the site's sloping topography.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/inca-property-group">Inca Property Group</a> Managing Director Josh Thompson said the State Significant pathway provided greater certainty for projects of this scale.

"This State Significant pathway gives the team real certainty to progress <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/dawn-35-39-darley-street-east-mona-vale-nsw-2103">Dawn</a> through to completion," Thompson said.

"It allows us to acquire a one-off site, design it carefully and deliver the right offering for the suburb, assessed by the NSW Government's planning department."

The project is one of the first developments in the area to be assessed under the NSW Government's Low and Mid-Rise Housing policy, with the site sitting on the edge of the policy's designated inner area.

The proposal includes three basement levels providing 124 car spaces, alongside a range of resident amenities including a swimming pool, gym, sauna, wellness facilities and private plunge pools for selected ground-floor and penthouse apartments.

<img alt="Dawn" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="fc1a1daf-0ce4-4f12-9076-b1fa553c7a91" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-07-21%20at%208.42.11%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=4GZ9h.gpNkTljbxyAET8Jfhv51XUamDm" />

Thompson said Dawn had been designed specifically for owner-occupiers and downsizers, a buyer profile that has driven demand across Inca's recent Upper North Shore developments.

"The majority of buyers in our recent North Shore projects have been downsizers, and we are learning exactly what this market is looking for. Beyond the location itself, we have included resort-style amenities to deliver a genuine lifestyle offering," Thompson said.

Located within walking distance of Mona Vale Beach, the town centre, Mona Vale Golf Club and the Royal Motor Yacht Club, Dawn represents Inca's first Northern Beaches project following the sell-out of Tara on Park in Waitara and Ellis Residences, currently under construction in St Ives.

Construction will be undertaken by Inca's in-house construction arm, GOP Constructions.

Dawn is the latest major apartment proposal for Mona Vale, with the suburb emerging as one of the key beneficiaries of the NSW Government's new Low and Mid-Rise Housing policy.

New developer One Living, led by industry veteran Joseph Scuderi, recently secured a site on Mona Vale Road, on the border of Mona Vale and Pymble, where it is planning around 140 apartments.

IPM is also planning its third project in Mona Vale, significantly increasing the scale of its previous developments with an 82-apartment proposal at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/159-167-darley-street-west-mona-vale-nsw-2103">159-167 Darley Street West</a>, opposite Bayview Golf Course and less than 800 metres from Mona Vale town centre.

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/nsw/one-living-enters-sydneys-new-apartment-market-with-northern-beaches-site-acquisition">One Living enters Sydney's new apartment market with Northern Beaches site acquisition</a>

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/nsw/first-look-ipm-plans-third-mona-vale-project">First look: IPM plans third Mona Vale project</a>

First look: Inca eyes Mona Vale with State Significant DA for Dawn apartments

Foreign Investment

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GUEST OBSERVER
As well as restricting supply to an already full rental market, the 50 percent foreign ownership restriction removes some of the competitive advantages overseas developers had over local developers.
Prior to this change coming into effect, overseas developers had a competitive advantage as they had no overseas sales limits whatsoever. Overseas developers using overseas banks could, if they so desired, have 100 percent foreign sales, with 100 pe cent en masse sales occurring overseas.
What Scott Morrison has done is even the playing field between local and overseas developers, with overseas developers now forced to generally work within the same FIRB sales metrics as local developers.
To commence a development, local banks require local developers to presell approximately 70 percent of the apartments in a development and impose a 25 percent Foreign Investment Review Board (FIRB) restriction on these presales. This means local developers require 52 percent local sales prior to construction commencing.
Once the developer has achieved financial close with a local bank, they are free to sell the rest overseas. Meaning, under a 25 per cent FIRB presales limit, local developers using local banks can develop buildings with circa 48 per cent foreign ownership.
Banks are always looking at the FIRB presales limit and whilst many current developments are at 25 percent, there is a more recent bank trend to constrict this further – more in the realm of 15 percent. If this is the case, then locally banked projects can end up with 40 percent foreign ownership.
It is also fair to say that overseas purchasers have settled better than local sales. Many pundits were nervous about large buildings settling this year, yet what we are seeing is that very few overseas purchasers are falling through when it comes to quality developments (just 1-2 percent in fact), even against Australian Prudential Regulation Authority’s (APRA) headwinds of overseas purchaser mortgage finance.
With the 50 percent FIRB restriction placed across the whole market, coupled with APRA’s new powers across non-bank lenders, it means that the metrics by which local and overseas developers, local and overseas banks, and local and overseas non-bank lenders are becoming converged.
As a flow on effect of the overseas sales metrics now being similar, this policy change will result in overseas developers using local banks and non-bank lenders more readily to avoid foreign exchange risk, again levelling the playing field.
Perhaps this new measure may even narrow the gap between what an overseas and local developer can pay for a site, which sets the market and ultimately gets passed onto the (local) consumer.
As an unintended consequence however, this change will further constrict supply to rental markets, thus driving rental and housing prices further out of reach of local first home owners and owner occupiers. It is only state planning ministers that can affect real change by encouraging the supply side of the housing economic supply/demand pendulum.
Andrew Hogan is a managing director of Point Polaris. He can be contacted <a href="https://www.pointpolaris.com.au/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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How will the 50 percent foreign ownership limit affect developers? Andrew Hogan

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A new study has revealed Sydneysiders are harbouring deep-seated fears that the Australian property market is being driven by ‘super-rich’ Chinese investors.
Almost 900 Sydneysiders were asked about their perception of foreign investors in the real estate market in a study led by Dr Dallas Rogers, housing researcher for the University of Sydney’s School of Architecture, Design and Planning.
The results found that there remains a high level of public concern and discontent about foreign investment, with more than half of respondents believing that government regulation of foreign investment is ineffective.
There was a view that Chinese investors are ‘super-rich,’ as perceived by 58 percent of respondents.
Around 63 percent identified Chinese as the majority of Sydney investors, which is likely given Chinese investment is concentrated in Sydney and Melbourne but within particular suburbs.
“The recent federal budget saw the government come down hard on foreign investors, which demonstrates the dilemma that the government is facing as it attempts to manage foreign investment alongside a disenchanted Australian public,” Dr Rogers said.
“Historically there has always been cultural tension over land and home ownership in this country that began with the arrival of British settlers in the late 1700s, the Chinese gold rush in the 1850s, and the White Australia policy in the early 1900s.
“In the 2000s, we again face significant societal change due to economic, political and social forces from Asia which, given its proximity to Australia, is reshaping our cities. This is the first time we have sought the individual opinion of Australians on the ground about the impact they believe foreign investment is having in their communities.” More than 64 percent of respondents cited foreign investors as the main reason for driving up house prices, despite little data on the inflationary impact of foreign investment on property. 
This is in spite of National Australia Bank data in 2016 showing that Australian residents and investors still make up a greater proportion of real estate buyers in Australia, accounting for 52 percent of sales, while only 14 percent were foreign investors.
The other most cited triggers for driving prices were low interest rates (37 percent of respondents), planning (36 percent) and local residents/domestic investors (32 percent).
The real estate industry recognises that the sale of established properties plays a big role in shaping housing prices, but there are strict conditions placed on foreign investors. Foreign investors can buy new properties, but can only purchase established homes if they meet certain criteria, such as a property that will be used for foreign student accommodation.
Domestic residents and investors therefore still make up almost 60 percent of this market, compared to 8.6 percent who are foreign investors.
The study has followed a 2014 Australian Government Parliamentary Inquiry into individual foreign investment in residential real estate due to mounting public pressure.
“The skills and cultural contribution of migrants to Australian society are so often overlooked by an ingrained historical desire to achieve the great Australian dream of homeownership,” Dr Rogers concluded.
A full report has been published in the <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00049182.2017.1317050" target="_blank">Journal of the Australian Geographer</a>.
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Australians' deep-seated fear of foreign investment in housing remains: Sydney University research

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Chinese investors dominated the list of foreign investment approvals for the financial year 2015-2016, with much of it in residential real estate, data from the Foreign Investment Review Board annual report shows.
Of the total $47.3 billion pledged by Chinese investors in Australia, real estate accounted for more than $31.9 billion, FIRB data showed.
The total investment figure is similar to the previous year’s $46.6 billion in approvals.
The value of approved investment rose to around $248 billion, an increase of over $55 billion on 2014-15, driven predominantly by increased investment in the real estate sector, the FIRB noted.
Chinese investment commitments were far higher than the second-placed US at nearly $31 billion, of which $8.2 billion was into real estate. The FIRB data comes at a time when the government has announced measures to crack down on overseas property investors to cool the hot property market, mainly in the east coast.
Investment in development assets, such as new dwellings, vacant land and redevelopment of existing residential property that increases the housing stock was 85.4 per cent of all residential approvals, the FIRB said.
Most of these were in NSW and Victoria, or more specifically Sydney and Melbourne. 
Residential real estate also accounted for the maximum number of foreign approvals by sector. In 2015-16, there were 40,149 approvals compared with 36,841 in 2014-15, FIRB data showed. Residential attracted commitments of $72.4 billion in the last financial year.
Approvals to buy established dwellings have fallen 36 per cent from 2014-15, after the Treasury cracked down on illegally owned properties by foreigners and forced many to sell.
These statistics, as well as an analysis from Treasury last year, show that foreign investment approvals and investments in residential property do not push up the price of housing.
"While Melbourne received more foreign investment approvals than Sydney, price growth in Sydney was much stronger than in Melbourne," the FIRB report says.
"Every Chinese dollar invested landed in the pocket of an Australian somewhere. Chinese investment translates directly into jobs, tax revenue, economic growth and new housing construction. There's nothing about it that any reasonable person can object to. Frankly, China has been a godsend for Australia these past 10 years," Chinese property group Juwai.com’s chief executive Charles Pittar was cited as saying by the Australian Financial Review.
High value commercial property approvals increased by more than $10 billion.
For the third year in a row, China was the largest source of approved investments and while the US was second, it was the largest investor in non-real estate sectors.
There were foreign interests in 13.6 per cent of agricultural land by area as at June 30 last year. The two biggest investors in agricultural assets are the UK and the US.
Among agricultural assets, Federal Treasurer Scott Morrison approved the sale of the Kidman cattle empire for around $380 million to the syndicate of mining magnate Gina Rinehart and a Chinese company after refusing earlier attempts by a majority Chinese consortium.
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Chinese continue to dominate foreign investment in real estate: FIRB data

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The Federal Budget may unveil a tax on properties owned by foreign investors who leave them vacant for a period of time, as part of measures to improve housing affordability.
The levy will be part of the conditions imposed by the Foreign Investment Review Board when overseas buyers are approved for Australian property purchases, Sky News reported.
The fee charged to foreign investors who leave their properties vacant could be as much as $5,000, and would be on top of the fees they pay per property depending on its value.
It said the revenue raised from the scheme would be redirected into the government's wider package of housing affordability measures.
FIRB charges for investment approval are currently $5,000 for properties worth less than $1 million and $10,000 for those over $1 million.
A separate report in The Australian said the spokesman for Treasurer Scott Morrison declined to comment on the new report.
The Australian Taxation Office is in the process of building a nationwide register of foreign-owned land, under the Foreign Investment Framework, to identify which land is owned by overseas nationals.
This could be compared with water usage levels, kept by each state, to determine which properties are sitting vacant.
Earlier this month, Labor unveiled new measures if it came to power that will include adopting a nationally consistent Vacant Residential Property Tax, as recently imposed by the Victorian government, to curb investors buying properties and leaving them vacant.
Labor will also double the fines imposed on foreign investors who illegally purchase residential real estate. 
The Victorian government has decided to impose a tax on homeowners who leave their properties vacant in a bid to make housing more affordable in and around Melbourne, taking a leaf out of Vancouver's Empty Homes Tax.
The <a href="/news/victoria-to-tax-owners-for-leaving-homes-vacant-as-it-tackles-housing-crisis">Vacant Residential Property Tax</a> will be levied at 1 percent, multiplied by the capital improved value of the taxable property. 
Vancouver last year introduced a tax on owners of unoccupied homes. 
University of NSW research suggests up to 90,000 properties are sitting empty, while in Melbourne figures have shown almost 20 per cent of investor-owned homes were empty.
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Foreigners who leave homes vacant could soon be taxed

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GUEST OBSERVER
The announcement by NSW Labor that in government they would lift surcharges for foreign investors on residential homes will slow down the supply of new homes.
Sydney needs more housing supply not less.
So Labor’s proposal to lift the stamp duty surcharge from 4 percent to 7 percent and to double the Land Tax surcharge for foreign investors will be a clear signal that these investors are not wanted. The result will be to minimise this sector of the market and to therefore reduce housing supply.
The Urban Taskforce believes that increasing supply is the key game changer that is needed to help with housing affordability and that this can be done by speeding up housing planning approvals and by minimising extra costs being put on developers by councils and state government agencies.
We recently asked our developer members for examples of where housing projects were stuck in the planning system and were surprised to get a list adding up to around 40,000 new homes that were in limbo.
These projects need to be speeded up to lift housing supply for Sydney. The Department of Planning says an average of 36,000 new homes a year is needed in Sydney over 20 years so in boom times we should be over 40,000 new homes a year. The best performance to-date has been 34,000 so clearly Sydney needs many more new homes.
It is concerning that in the media release by NSW Labor, Shadow Treasurer Ryan Park refers in a negative way to ‘developer mates’. The only industry that is going to provide the massive number of new homes needed for Sydney is the developers but they have to battle a slow and complex planning system and manage as a result holding costs that can reach $500,000 a month for large projects.
The Urban Taskforce is keen to be involved with all political parties in discussions on housing supply and affordability in a positive and constructive manner.
Chris Johnson is chief executive officer of property development industry group Urban Taskforce and can be contacted <a href="https://www.urbantaskforce.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=97&amp;Itemid=126#.Vdaart55dFI" target="_blank">here</a>.
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NSW Labor housing proposals will slow supply: Chris Johnson

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New figures showed foreign buyers account for 11 percent of all NSW property purchases.
Figures released under Freedom of Information laws from the NSW Office of State Revenue show that foreign nationals accounted for 11 percent of the 28,141 residential homes purchased in NSW from July to September last year.
Chinese purchased over 32 percent of the properties, followed by British and New Zealanders at 10 percent each and Indians at 6 percent. 
The figures came after the NSW government imposed a four percent surcharge on stamp duty for property purchases by foreigners along with a 0.75 percent land tax surcharge.
The NSW Opposition obtained the information and today called on the NSW government to raise property taxes for foreign buyers.
They suggest lifting the surcharge on stamp duty to 7 percent and lifting the annual land tax surcharge from the current level to1.5 percent which would bring NSW into line with the surcharges imposed by Victoria last year.
ALP leader Luke Foley said lifting property taxes on foreign investors would ease the pressure on first home buyers who the figures show now account for just 7.5 percent of total sales.
The Office of State Revenue figures show that foreigners now account for about 15 percent of the state duty paid in the period, much more than their share of purchases which suggests the stamp duty surcharge is raising considerable revenue.
The figures show buyers from Nepal and Malaysia (at 3 per cent) followed then purchasers from Korea, Vietnam, the US and Indonesia (2 per cent).
Over a three-month ­period last year, 2995 properties were sold to foreign buyers, raising $115 million in stamp duty. By comparison, $766 million in stamp duty was paid by Australian nationals in the same period, the Daily Telegraph reportedly exclusively.
Under the foreign duty surcharge at present, a buyer paying stamp duty on a property worth $2 million would have to pay $95,490 plus 4 per cent on the $2 million, which would be an extra $80,000.
 
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Chinese lead foreign buyers who snap up one in 10 NSW property sales

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Foreign investment played a key role in underpinning demand for new housing stock in 2016, according to CBRE’s latest report.
That said, overall levels of offshore capital for residential investment eased in 2016 from the very high levels experienced in 2015, the agency noted.
Higher stamp duties applicable to source local debt, tighter enforcement of monetary caps on Chinese capital outflows and general concerns about apartment oversupply contributed to softer foreign investment in 2016.
Foreign investment sales turnover for the Sydney development site market declined by 50% in the 12 months to June 2016.
Despite the slowdown, Australia remains an attractive long-term proposition for foreign investment.
Foreign buyers, although motivated by rental returns, value other factors such as political stability, personal safety, education and low air pollution when assessing investment locations and Australia ranks very highly on these measures.
<a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2017/02/16/Figure%2020.jpg" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2017/02/16/Figure%2020.jpg" alt="">
Although 2016 saw a combination of factors that could impede demand from foreign investors, we are not forecasting a material jump in settlement defaults for off-the-plan apartments.
Settlement default has traditionally been low in Australia (sub-2 percent).
A tougher lending environment makes it likely that settlement periods will be extended and some increase in default will occur.
But the emergence of new lenders absorbing foreign buyer debt demand and the substantial cost of default (i.e. forgoing deposits) will limit the number of buyers defaulting in settlement.
Furthermore, conditions in domestic labour markets are unlikely to deteriorate to the extent that settlement defaults will increase markedly amongst domestic buyers.
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Settlement defaults to increase from low occurance in OTP housing market: CBRE

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Foreign agribusinesses and investment groups will have to declare their permanent water assets with the Australian Taxation Office from next December.
The move to establish a water register was aimed to bring more clarity to debate about the sector’s asset owners.
In 2013, federal government figures suggested 13.7% (or 1808 gigalitres) of all water entitlements have some level of foreign ownership — up from about 8.5% in 2010.
Most significant water assets currently held by foreign investors are connected to irrigated production ventures, such as Singaporean agribusiness Olam’s almond plantations along the Murray River.
One of the most significant offshore investors, the big US water investor Summit Holdings Group sold out last year, selling its portfolio to local investment funds, including the new Aware Water investment group owned by former ports bosses Chris Corrigan and Peter Scanlon.
National Irrigators Council chief executive officer, Tom Chesson, told The Land that “misinformation was the enemy of good policy”, so more facts about who owned what would help the water industry.
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National water register to measure foreign agriculture ownership

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Asian investors have spent $8.2 billion on Australian hotel acquisitions over the past eight years.
They have been stealing the march on their domestic rivals according to CBRE Hotels’ research that shows that domestic purchasers spent just $3.2 billion on Australian hotel property over the same period.
The data is highlighted in CBRE’s latest Australian Hotels MarketView, which points to a substantial increase in transaction volumes in Q3 2016 after a subdued first half.
<img src="/images/2016/11/11/Untitled1.jpg" alt="">
CBRE Hotels national director Wayne Bunz said over $600 million in hotels had transacted in Q3 with all but $50 million having been acquired by Asian buyers.
“For the ninth year in a row, Asian investors are set to be the dominant players in the Australian hotel market,” Bunz said.
“Multi-disciplined Asian capital has long been drawn to Australia’s attractive yields, steady growth, transparent political/legal framework and liquidity and that interest shows no signs of abating, with Australia increasingly viewed as a safe haven for Asia Pacific capital.”
CBRE’s MarketView highlights that the majority of transactions in Q3 took placed in regional locations, with tropical North Queensland seeing the most activity.
This includes notable transactions such as the Novotel Oasis in Cairns, which sold to Shakespeare Property Group for $48 million, and the Rydges Esplanade Cairns, which sold for $40 million to Mulpha Group.
Bunz said the high level of buyer activity had led to a noticeable change in the yield spread for regional hotels.
“Owners are now able to receive a premium from potential buyers who wish to break into these markets,” he said, adding that high construction costs meant buying was the most financially viable option for entering regional locations.
Nationally, CBRE Hotel has a further $200 million in assets in due diligence, with the majority of the deals involving offshore buyers.
CBRE Hotels Research Manager, Benjamin Martin-Henry, said a key attraction for offshore investors was the current strength in the Australian hotel market, with occupancy rates, average daily rates and revenue per available room having all increased in the year September 2016 according to the latest figures from STR.
“The leisure markets continue to be the best performing cities across the country, with Cairns, the Gold Coast and Hobart posting strong performance growth over the past year,” Martin-Henry said.
“Sydney has also showed strong growth across all indicators and continues to be the strongest ‘non-leisure’ market.”
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Asian buyers check in to Australian hotel sector with $8.2bn in deals 

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Foreign investment has been a significant driver of Australia’s property market and in many ways a contributing factor to our strong economy, particularly over the past decade as China has boomed and its rising middle and upper class have looked for new ways to invest in a volatile international economy, according to McGrath's latest report.
Australia’s attractive lifestyle, clean air and food supply, political and economic stability, high quality education and health facilities, safe cities, a similar time zone and attractive property market has proven an irresistible combination for our northern neighbours.
According to the latest Foreign Investment Review Board (FIRB) data, $60.75 billion was invested in Australian residential real estate by foreign buyers in FY2015, up 75% on FY2014.
<a href="/images/2016/10/31/Foreign%20investment.jpg" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/10/31/Foreign%20investment.jpg" alt="">
By far, New South Wales and Victoria were the favoured destinations and for the third consecutive year, the lion’s share of investment came from China – and at record levels, too.
Chinese buyers invested $24.35 billion in residential and commercial real estate last year, almost double that of FY2014 and more than four times the investment of FY2013.
Clearly, Chinese appetite for Australian property is increasing, so what happens when governments – Australian and Chinese, tighten controls on foreign investment?
<a href="/images/2016/10/31/Top%2010.jpg" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/10/31/Top%2010.jpg" alt="">
In December 2015, the Australian Government introduced fees for foreign real estate acquisitions, starting at $5,000 for purchases below $1 million – which represents the majority of foreign real estate purchases.
In June 2016, the New South Wales Government introduced a 4% stamp duty surcharge for foreign buyers and a 0.75% land tax surcharge from 2017.
In July 2016, the Victorian Government raised their stamp duty surcharge for foreign purchasers from 3% to 7% and announced an increase in the absentee owner land tax surcharge from 0.5% to 1.5% from 2017.
<a href="/images/2016/10/31/Top%2010.2.jpg" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/10/31/Top%2010.2.jpg" alt="">
The Queensland Government also introduced a 3% stamp duty surcharge on foreign purchases in October 2016.
And there’s even more hurdles for foreign buyers to jump with Australian banks tightening their lending criteria and the Chinese Government limiting the amount of capital exiting the country.
While it’s too early for official numbers, anecdotal evidence from our agents suggests mainland Chinese investors have pulled back while Chinese clients already here continue to upgrade to new homes and purchase for investment.
The effect of the new fees won’t be fully realised for another 12-18 months but we think it will be largely limited to the new apartment market.
FIRB figures show about 80% of all foreign purchases are under $1 million – indicating that reduced Chinese demand and settlement defaults will hit the apartment sector most, with some impact also felt in the mid-priced house market too.
As Chinese investment slows down – at least in the short term, FIRB figures show increasing interest from other parts of Asia, primarily Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong and Thailand.
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We are also seeing an increase in investment from emerging economies such as India, Vietnam and Indonesia.
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