The new <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/yarraville-green-42-stephen-street-yarraville-vic-3013">Yarraville Green</a> development in Melbourne's inner west is showing that landscaping can be just as influential as architecture, with buyers responding strongly to the garden-first approach adopted from the outset by developer Excelon Projects and the project's design team.

Excelon appointed Six Degrees Architects and landscape architects SBLA to work collaboratively on the development, with a brief to create "a sustainable, design-led building with a focus on community."

That approach has resonated with buyers. According to Next Chapter Director Tom Hirini, who is leading the sales campaign, the landscaped communal garden has become one of the project's defining features, alongside its boutique scale and European-inspired cluster housing concept.

Local downsizers, right-sizers and established families already living in Yarraville and surrounding suburbs have accounted for the majority of purchasers.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297740]

Yarraville Green will comprise 53 homes, including apartments and townhomes, arranged around the shared central garden to maximise connections to the landscaped open space. Parking has been moved underground, allowing the ground plane to be dedicated to greenery, pedestrian movement and communal spaces.

The landscape extends well beyond passive planting. Productive garden beds, a pergola, communal gathering spaces, garden sheds and a pet wash have all been integrated into the masterplan, creating spaces designed to encourage everyday interaction between residents.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297741]

The interiors continue Excelon's focus on craftsmanship, incorporating bespoke elements by Melbourne artisans including leadlight detailing by Adadaz, hand-turned timber hardware by Auburn Woodturning and blown-glass lighting by Ruth Allen.

Sustainability has also been embedded throughout the project, with Yarraville Green targeting an average 7-star NatHERS energy rating through passive design principles, rooftop solar servicing common areas and rainwater harvesting for landscape irrigation.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297735]

Construction continues to progress at Yarraville Green, with structural works well underway and framing works approaching completion under builder Balmain &amp; Co. The project remains on track for completion in mid-2027.

Apartments at Yarraville Green are currently priced from $625,000, while townhomes start from $1.4 million.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=144913]

Joel Robinson

Garden-led design drives buyer demand at Yarraville Green

National diversified developer Fortis has officially launched Crest &amp; Walker, its latest Brisbane apartment development, with construction now underway on the 20-storey Newstead project.

Award-winning builder BINAH has commenced construction on the Bureau^Proberts-designed building, which will deliver a limited collection of 65 two and three-bedroom apartments on Kyabra Street.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373556]

The project marks Fortis' fourth active residential development in Brisbane, following River House, which is nearing completion, alongside projects in New Farm and Hamilton as the national developer continues to expand its South East Queensland pipeline.

Fortis General Manager – Development Queensland Dan Boman said Crest &amp; Walker reflects the developer's long-term commitment to delivering design-led residential projects in Brisbane's established inner-city suburbs.

"We're proud to be strengthening our presence in Brisbane with Crest &amp; Walker, particularly in such a sought-after lifestyle destination as Newstead," Boman said.

"Every Fortis project is shaped by its context, and we approach each one with the respect and care it deserves.

"Our focus is always on creating places that feel connected to their neighbourhood and elevate the everyday experience for residents. Newstead continues to evolve as one of Brisbane's most sought-after urban communities, and Crest &amp; Walker reflects our ambition to contribute meaningfully to that story."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373559]

Positioned between Gasworks Plaza and James Street, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/crest-walker-newstead-12-kyabra-street-newstead-qld-4006">Crest &amp; Walker</a> has been designed as a boutique residential address offering privacy and generous living spaces within one of Brisbane's most established lifestyle precincts.

The building features a contemporary brick podium softened by integrated landscaping, while the upper levels are characterised by restrained architecture and enduring materiality. Interiors have been designed to maximise natural light, acoustic performance and long-term liveability.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373583]

Residences comprise spacious two and three-bedroom floorplans, with two-bedroom apartments priced from $1.55 million and three-bedroom, half-floor residences from $3.95 million.

Residents will have access to a wellness-focused rooftop featuring a swimming pool, sauna, steam room, landscaped dining spaces and outdoor lounge areas overlooking Newstead and the Brisbane CBD.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373571]

Sales are being managed by Slaite Projects, with Fortis expecting strong demand from owner-occupiers seeking a high-quality, design-focused apartment in one of Brisbane's most tightly held inner-city suburbs.

Completion of Crest &amp; Walker is slated for late 2028.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=145922]

Fortis expands Brisbane pipeline with launch of Crest & Walker in Newstead

The enormity of delivering a true skyscraper in Australia's new development market is often overlooked.

It has taken the best part of a decade since plans for Chevron One were first unveiled, but the 41-storey tower is now complete, with residents collecting their keys and moving into what has become one of the Gold Coast's most recognisable new landmarks.

Rising 127 metres above Chevron Island, Chevron One stands almost twice as high as any other building on the island. Its scale places it alongside the trio of towers at Jewel, arguably the last truly significant addition to the central Gold Coast skyline when they were completed around six years ago.

While there are several developments underway around a similar height to Chevron One, they are more concentrated within clusters of the highest towers in the city. The fact Chevron One sits within a developing precinct, looking back at the other high-rise developments in Surfers Paradise and Broadbeach, makes it a different proposition altogether. It will certainly become a reference point on the Gold Coast skyline.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=6515 project_image_fid=68833]

Developer Bensons Property Group is behind the 41-storey tower, which has 229 apartments, along with an exhaustive list of resident amenity spread across what is the largest development site ever assembled on Chevron Island.

The tower has been the talk of the town for years, says Ray White Projects Gold Coast agent Caitlin Rosenboom, who is selling the remaining apartments.

"People have been watching Chevron One go up for years," Rosenboom says, adding that many prospective buyers have been surprised by the scale of the views once they step inside.

"It's only when they walk through a completed apartment that they truly understand the position of the building," Rosenboom says.

"The views are jaw-dropping. Whether you're looking east over the ocean, across Surfers Paradise, along the river systems or out to the hinterland, every level offers something different but equally impressive."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=6515 project_image_fid=360215]

One of Chevron One's defining advantages is its location on the eastern side of Chevron Island on Stanhill Drive, a position which protects the views forever.

"There's only one row of houses between Chevron One and the water, and the height restrictions along the river means views from Chevron One can never be built out,"&nbsp;Rosenboom says.

While new apartment developments continue to emerge across the Gold Coast, Rosenboom says opportunities to secure a completed apartment with this level of outlook are becoming increasingly rare.

"The size of the site is something that would be incredibly difficult to replicate today," she says.

"That's allowed Chevron One to deliver the sort of amenity, open space and resident facilities that very few projects can offer. There are not many completed apartment buildings on the Gold Coast right now that can compete with the combination of scale, quality and amenity."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=6515 project_image_fid=68839]

There's around 2,000 sqm of amenity solely for the use of residents of Chevron One. Club One features a uniquely shaped swimming pool that mirrors the footprint of the building itself, set within a extensively landscaped gardens. There's also an indoor pool and spa, a fully equipped gym with a Pilates room, a yoga garden, a bookable private dining area and lounge that can host up to 30 people, and a 24-hour concierge service.

As for the buyers, Rosenboom is fielding enquiry from everywhere: Sydneysiders and Melburnians looking at the new and off-the-plan market following the changes in the Federal Budget, as well as those looking to relocate, through to South East Queenslanders seeking either a permanent home or a weekender bolthole.

"The Gold Coast lifestyle continues to resonate with people relocating from the southern states, and when they see the views and the quality of what's been delivered at Chevron One, it becomes very easy for them to understand the appeal," Rosenboom says.

A diverse mix of one, two and three-bedroom apartments remain available, with each offering "something a little different", be it the orientation and views, configuration, or level, to suit a wide variety of buyers.

The remaining apartments are ready to inspect in person, by appointment.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=6515]

A decade in the making: Residents to move into Chevron One as construction wraps up

A general rule of thumb in new apartment developments is that the penthouses get the rooftop.

It's a formula that's become commonplace across Australia's apartment market. Residents might have access to a pool, gym or barbecue facilities on a dedicated lower level, but the most desirable outdoor spaces are typically reserved for the highest-priced homes at the top of the building.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/sherpa-property-group">Sherpa Property Group</a> has taken the opposite approach.

Rather than dedicating the rooftop to a handful of buyers, the Gold Coast developer has made it the centrepiece of its Flourish collection, creating expansive shared spaces from the best vantage point in the building.

The philosophy has reached its most ambitious expression at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/flourish-soleira-palm-beach-1150-1160-gold-coast-highway-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Soleira</a> in Palm Beach, where two rooftop precincts connected by a skybridge will deliver one of the most extensive lifestyle offerings seen in a residential apartment project on the Gold Coast.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=374053]

"We're seeing a clear move toward developments that offer more than just an apartment," Sherpa Group founder Christie Leet said.

"People want spaces that support how they actually live, whether that's working from home, staying active, or spending time with family and friends.

"That's where amenity becomes critical. It's not just about what's included, but how those spaces are designed to be used every day."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=374052]

The breadth of amenity has already attracted buyers across multiple demographics. Younger first home buyers have been drawn to Soleira's one-bedroom apartments, a product rarely delivered in Palm Beach, while families have responded to practical inclusions such as the shallow children's pool adjoining the main lap pool and the extensive communal recreation areas.

Instead of a single rooftop, Soleira delivers two distinct lifestyle zones.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=372547]

The southern rooftop has been dedicated to wellness, featuring a gym, yoga and Pilates studio, work-from-home facilities, a wellness centre, spa, and hot and cold plunge pools.

The northern rooftop focuses on recreation and entertaining, incorporating a heated resort-style pool, private dining rooms, pizza ovens, barbecues, a golf simulator, children's recreation areas, and what is expected to be the Gold Coast's first rooftop basketball court, which will also double as a squash court.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=374054]

Beyond the rooftops, Soleira will introduce 1,500 sqm of curated retail beneath the towers, creating one of Palm Beach's first genuinely mixed-use lifestyle precincts where cafés, restaurants and convenience retail become part of residents' everyday lives.

Sherpa has also retained management rights across the development, allowing it to oversee the long-term operation of the building through a 24-hour concierge model. The developer is also exploring additional revenue streams within the precinct aimed at helping offset ongoing body corporate costs for residents.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=370962]

While Soleira is the largest project Sherpa has delivered, the rooftop-first philosophy has been evolving for several years.

It began with <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/amargo-6-12-sixth-avenue-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Amargo</a>, the first project released under the Flourish brand. Rather than competing at the ultra-luxury end of the market with oversized half-floor and full-floor residences, Sherpa focused on creating lifestyle-driven apartments supported by resort-style shared spaces.

Amargo introduced more than 800 sqm of rooftop amenity, combining wellness facilities, heated pools, entertaining areas, cabanas, pizza ovens and private dining spaces into what was designed as an extension of residents' homes rather than a facility used only occasionally.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=146527 project_image_fid=366550]

That approach continued with Flourish Oasis, where the same amenity-led philosophy was refined into a more boutique development. Strong demand from Sherpa's growing VIP database saw much of the project sold before it reached the broader market, reinforcing buyer appetite for apartment communities centred around shared lifestyle experiences.

Flourish Amargo is slated for completion mid-way-through next year, with Oasis to be delivered by late 2027. Flourish Soleira is expected to complete in 2030.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=150017]

Sherpa takes amenity to the sky as Flourish Soleira captures booming Palm Beach demand

As apartment living continues to evolve across Sydney's growth corridors, the quality and distribution of shared spaces is increasingly shaping how residents experience home. Rather than functioning as add-ons, amenities are being embedded into the daily rhythm of a building, supporting everything from quiet retreat to social interaction, often within a single vertical community.

At <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/aeris-melrose-park-nursery-street-melrose-park-nsw-2114">Aeris</a> in Melrose Park, this approach is resolved through a layered amenity offering that unfolds from ground level through to its upper podium. Developed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/sekisui-house-australia">Sekisui House Australia</a> in partnership with Hankyu Hanshin Properties, the project introduces 468 apartments across two towers and a mid-rise building, positioned at the highest point of the broader masterplan.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=426 project_image_fid=359199]

The amenity experience begins at street level, where two courtyards sit within a landscaped setting that connects residents to the wider network of parks and green spaces. These green spaces are not isolated pockets but part of a wider pedestrian network that links Aeris to the surrounding <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/melrose-park-nsw-2114">Melrose Park</a> precinct, including Central Park, future schools, and the Town Centre opening in July 2026. The result is a transition that moves from public to private without abrupt boundaries, allowing residents to pass through shaded, tree-lined environments before reaching the building itself.

Moving upward, the focus shifts to the level five podium, where the primary communal facilities are concentrated. This space brings together a 16-metre swimming pool, outdoor seating areas, and a communal BBQ zone arranged to take advantage of elevated outlooks. Seating is positioned beneath pergolas, creating pockets of shade that extend the usability of the space throughout the day. The pool edge aligns with views toward the wider district, reinforcing the sense of elevation that defines the project’s positioning.

In the adjacent building, this is complemented by quieter, more contemplative spaces, including an outdoor cinema set within the same level. Positioned to operate primarily in the evening, it introduces a different tempo to the shared environment, shifting from daytime activity to after-hours use without requiring separate zones.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=426 project_image_fid=360299]

The podium also accommodates an intimate private resident gym. Located on the lower levels, it gives residents convenient access to fitness facilities without leaving the building.

Above, the elevated podium sky deck extends the amenity offering, providing additional open-air spaces with elevated outlooks across the surrounding landscape. While more restrained in program, this upper level reinforces the project’s vertical progression, from ground-level greenery to elevated outlook, allowing residents to move between distinct spatial conditions within a single address.

This distribution of amenities reflects a deliberate response to how residents use space across the day. Sekisui House Australia Sales and Marketing Director Peter Kalaf points to the role these shared areas play in shaping buyer demand. Aeris has been conceived as more than a collection of apartments, with the podium pool, gym and outdoor cinema forming part of a broader lifestyle offering that extends the home beyond each individual residence.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=426 project_image_fid=360300]

What distinguishes Aeris is not the inclusion of these elements individually, but how they are arranged in relation to one another. Active, social, and passive spaces are layered vertically rather than separated, allowing residents to choose between them without leaving the building or moving far from their apartment. This proximity supports both routine use, such as a morning swim or evening workout, and more occasional gatherings, whether around the BBQ area or within the cinema setting.

The amenity design also sits within a broader framework of connectivity across Melrose Park. The Melrose Park Town Centre, anchored by Coles and Dan Murphys, features a mix of retail, dining, health and lifestyle offerings, bringing everyday convenience closer to residents. By the end of the year, more than five hectares of parks and open space, equivalent to around seven football fields of green space on residents' doorstep, will further enhance the precinct, allowing the internal facilities at Aeris to operate as an extension of the wider neighbourhood rather than a substitute for it.

Construction at Aeris continues to gather momentum, with ground floor slabs expected to be completed in late 2026 before the first sections of the buildings begin to rise above ground.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=426]

Elevated amenity anchors daily life at Aeris, Melrose Park

China

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GUEST OBSERVER
The Asia-Pacific alternative finance market grew 323 percent to $102.8 billion in 2015, led by four-fold growth to more than $100 billion in China, finds first regional benchmarking report
Survey was conducted by a research team from the Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance, the Tsinghua University Graduate School at Shenzhen and the University of Sydney Business School, in collaboration with KPMG and with the support of ACCA (the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants) and CME Group Foundation.
The Asia-Pacific online alternative finance market including peer-to-peer lending and crowdfunding grew 323 per cent in 2015 to $102.8 billion, led by a four-fold increase in China to $101.7 billion, according to the first comprehensive study of the Asia-Pacific online alternative finance market.
“The Asia-Pacific online alternative finance market is fluid, diverse, increasingly complex and growing at a rapid pace,” said the report issued today, entitled Harnessing Potential – The 2015 Asia-Pacific Alternative Finance Benchmarking Report.
Outside of China, the rest of the Asia-Pacific region recorded alternative finance volume of $1.12 billion in 2015, up 313% from the $271.9 million raised in 2014. The largest markets in 2015 beyond China were Japan ($360 million), Australia ($348 million), New Zealand ($268 million), South Korea ($41 million) and India and Singapore (each about $40 million).
China is the world’s largest alternative finance market based on the researchers’ global dataset, the report said. While there have been reports on China’s alternative finance market by Chinese companies, this is the first study to benchmark the Chinese market with a set of comparable international standards.
“The Chinese online alternative finance market grew from a relatively low base of $5.56 billion in 2013 to reach $24.30 billion in 2014 and then went on to reach $101.7 billion in 2015,” the report said. Peer-to-peer consumer lending ($52 billion) and peer-to-peer business lending ($40 billion) are by far the largest market segments in China. Reasons cited in the report for the rapid growth of alternative finance in China include the country’s global leadership in Internet user base and smartphone connections, and the fact that alternative finance has “been mostly unrestricted and unchecked” until recent guidelines by regulators.
The alternative finance market includes peer-to-peer consumer and business lending, equity-based and reward-based crowdfunding, and other provision of finance to individuals and businesses through alternative channels via online marketplaces outside of the banking system.
Other key findings of the report included:
<ul>
<li>More than half surveyed platforms in China (with the exception of equity-based crowdfunding) deemed existing regulation to be inadequate or too relaxed, or recognized the need for specific regulation to be introduced. </li>
<li>In per-capita terms, the largest alternative finance markets in Asia-Pacific in 2015 were China ($74.54), New Zealand ($59.37) and Australia ($14.83). </li>
<li>The institutional funding of online alternative finance is notably higher in the wider Asia-Pacific region outside of China, at 63 percent for peer-to-peer consumer lending outside China and 10 per cent in China. </li>
<li>The institutional ownership of alternative finance platforms is far higher for China, at 23 per cent majority interest for banks or other institutional owners compared to 6 per cent in the Asia-Pacific region outside of China. </li>
<li>Outside of China, peer-to-peer business lending has been the largest alternative finance funding segment for three consecutive years, but peer-to-peer consumer lending is the fastest-growing sector with average year-on-year growth rate of 653% between 2013-2015.</li>
<li>The Asia-Pacific region appears to have relatively high rates of female participation in online alternative finance markets, at 33 per cent for peer-to-peer consumer borrowers outside China and 19 per cent in China. </li>
</ul>
The survey involving 20 research partners was based on data from 503 leading alternative finance platforms in 17 Asia-Pacific countries and regions, of which, 376 were from mainland China. The study captured an estimated 70 per cent of the visible market, yielding the estimates contained in the report.
The report described the regulatory environment for alternative finance across the Asia-Pacific region as “diverse and rapidly changing.” While some countries such as Singapore have chosen to regulate alternative finance within pre-existing frameworks, others including New Zealand have created bespoke regulation. And while surveyed platforms in New Zealand and Malaysia generally felt existing regulation is “adequate and appropriate,” platforms in Japan and South Korea were more concerned that regulation is too strict and Chinese platforms generally felt regulation was too lax.
“The opportunities for the world's most populous region to harness the potential of alternative finance for innovation, economic growth, market efficiency, and creativity are abundant,” the report said. “The present challenge is how to best nurture the alternative finance industry, grow the market in a sustainable manner and develop an appropriate and proportionate regulatory regime that strikes the right balance between encouraging financial innovation and protecting the interests of consumers and investors.”
The survey was conducted by an international research team from the Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance at Cambridge Judge Business School, the Tsinghua University Graduate School at Shenzhen and the University of Sydney Business School, in partnership with KPMG and with the support of ACCA (the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants) and CME Group Foundation.
This article was written by the University of Cambridge Judge Business School. 
To download a full copy of the report, <a href="https://www.jbs.cam.ac.uk/faculty-research/centres/alternative-finance/publications/harnessing-potential/#.VunQeOnvhUE" target="_blank">click here</a>.
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Property 101: Asia-Pacific alternative finance market grew 323 percent in 2015

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China’s policy makers met at the National People’s Congress in early March, announcing an economic growth target range of 6.5-7 percent. 
In addition, they released a target growth rate for total social financing of ‘around 13 percent’ – which would result in a further deterioration of debt-to-GDP.
As noted in this month’s China Economic Update, a broader estimate of China’s debt puts this figure at around 308% of GDP – a level comparable to many advanced economies and particularly high for a still developing country. Chinese authorities are now facing a debt dilemma – they can no longer allow debt to grow unchecked, however controlling debt growth would mean accepting a slower rate of economic growth. At least for 2016, they appear content to allow the former to happen.
Industrial production growth slowed to a seven year low in January-February, while fixed asset investment accelerated slightly, on the back of stronger investment in real estate. New construction starts were stronger over this period, but it is too early to know if this is a trend that can be sustained.
Retail sales were a little softer – with real retail sales growth likely dipping below 10 percent yoy, slightly weaker than the levels recorded across most of 2015 but still robust. 
At the end of February, the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) cut the Required Reserve Ratio for the fifth time in a year – down to 17 percent for large institutions – potentially adding RMB 690 billion in liquidity to financial markets. As we have previously noted, these policy changes are not necessarily stimulatory, as RRR cuts have been necessary to maintain liquidity in the finance sector, given the capital outflow in recent years.
<a href="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.35.51%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
  <img src="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.35.51%20AM.png" alt="">
China’s policy makers met at the National People’s Congress in early March, releasing a range of targets for key economic indicators. The most closely watched is the economic growth target, which was slightly reduced for 2016 – to a range of 6.5 percent to 7.0 percent – compared with last year’s ‘around 7.0 percent’. 
Our forecast for growth is unchanged at 6.7 percent in 2016 and 6.5 percent in 2017, although we consider the risks to be weighted to the downside. 
Authorities also set a target for growth in total social financing, at around 13 percent for 2016 – which would mean a further deterioration in the country’s debt-to-GDP ratio. 
As noted in this month’s China Economic Update, a broader estimate of China’s debt puts this figure at around 308 percent of GDP – a level comparable to many advanced economies and particularly high for a still developing country. 
Under the newly commenced 13th Five Year Plan, also released at the National People’s Congress, China is targeting an average rate of growth of 6.5 percent in the period to 2020 – which would result in a doubling of GDP over 2010 levels. 
Chinese policy makers are facing a significant dilemma regarding the country’s debt. They can no longer afford to allow debt to grow unchecked – as this would increase the likelihood of a major financial crisis and the potential for a hard landing. On the other side, real economic growth is unlikely to be sustainable at the five year target without stronger growth in debt – bringing down the ratio would mean tolerating a considerably lower potential rate for economic growth (something that policy makers are unlikely to tolerate). 
China’s industrial production slowed across January and February – down to 5.4 percent yoy (compared with 5.9 percent in December 2014). This rate of growth was below expectations and the slowest rate of growth since the same period in 2009. 
Key heavy industrial sectors remained weak – with crude steel output falling by 5.7 percent yoy, cement production down 8.2 percent yoy – reflecting weakness in the construction sector, while the motor vehicle sector recorded growth of 5.3 percent yoy. Electricity generation was marginally stronger – up 0.3 percent yoy. 
•China’s industrial surveys have remained negative in early 2016, with the official NBS survey falling to 49.0 points in February (from 49.4 points previously), the weakest level since January 2009. In contrast, the Caixin Markit PMI also fell, down to 48.0 points (from 48.4 in January), but this measure is less negative than late 2015. 
<a href="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.38.37%20AM.png" target="_blank"> Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.38.37%20AM.png" alt="">
Fixed asset investment recorded an acceleration in early 2016, with growth at 10.2 percent yoy across January and February, up from 8.2 percent yoy in December. It is worth noting that this was around the rate of growth recorded in November 2015, which was well below the trend levels of recent years. 
Investment in the manufacturing sector has continued to slow – reflecting tough industrial conditions and excess production capacity – down to 6.7 percent yoy (on a three month moving average basis), compared with 7.6 percent in December. In contrast, there has been a slight improvement in real estate investment, recording growth of 1.7 percent yoy (3mma) in February, up from -3.3 percent in December. Combined, these two sectors accounted for almost 56 percent of total investment in 2015. 
In contrast, strong investment growth has been sustained in water conservation and environmental management (27 percent yoy across January-February) and public utilities (19 percent yoy) – with these sectors comprising around 15 percent of the total in 2015. 
Residential construction activity was stronger in January-February, however it is too soon to know whether this is a trend that can be sustained. New construction starts were up around 9.7 percent yoy over this period, and up 1.5 percent yoy on our preferred three month moving average basis (reflecting very weak growth in late 2015). 
House price trends have improved in recent months, however the majority of gains have been in China’s tier 1 cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou) – where prices rose by 17% yoy. In contrast, tier 2 cities rose by just 0.3% yoy and tier 3 and below by 1.1% yoy. A more sustained recovery outside tier 1 cities may be required to support sustained stronger construction activity. 
<a href="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.39.56%20AM.png" target="_blank"> Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.39.56%20AM.png" alt="">
China’s trade activity pulled back sharply over the first two months of the year, with substantial falls in both imports and exports – both from the levels of late 2015 and from levels a year ago. China’s trade surplus only narrowed marginally – averaging US$47.9 billion a month across January and February (compared with US$59.4 billion in December 2015).
Across January and February, China’s imports totalled US$207.5 billion, a year on year fall of 17%. In part, this reflects the continued falls in commodity prices, with the RBA Index of Commodity Prices falling by almost 25% yoy in the first two months of the year.
In contrast, the volume of imports has declined less significantly, down by only around 2.8% in 2015, and around 6.8% in January (although the earlier timing of Chinese new year may have distorted the latter result).
In terms of major commodities, there were noticeable increases in imports of copper (up 23% yoy in January-February), crude oil (up 9.3% yoy) and iron ore (up 6.3% yoy). In contrast, the declining trend for coal continued, down by 10% yoy over the first two months.
<a href="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.51.56%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.51.56%20AM.png" alt="" width="913" height="357">
China’s exports totalled US$303.3 billion across January and February, a fall of 18% yoy. China’s exporters remain relatively negative, with the new export orders measure in the NBS PMI survey at 47.4 points in February (albeit improved from 46.9 points in January).
The key driver of the fall in export values over the first two months was a decline in exports to Asia – which fell by over 18 percent yoy, to US$90 billion. Exports to Europe and the United States fell less significantly – with both down by around 16 percent yoy.
Exports to Hong Kong declined less sharply than other markets – down by around 13 percent yoy across January and February. In contrast, non-Hong Kong Asia saw declines of almost 22 percent yoy – led by falling export values to Malaysia, South Korea and Vietnam.
Trade data between China and Hong Kong continues to have considerable distortions, in part due to false invoicing used to hide unapproved capital flows – providing considerable uncertainty around the true level of trade.
<a href="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.54.00%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.54.00%20AM.png" alt="" width="787" height="294">
 
At the end of February, the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) cut the Required Reserve Ratio for the fifth time in a year – down to 17 percent for large institutions – potentially adding RMB 690 billion in liquidity to financial markets. As we have previously noted, these policy changes are not necessarily stimulatory, as RRR cuts have been necessary to maintain liquidity in the finance sector, given the capital outflow in recent years. 
We continue to expect two cuts to interest rates in early 2016 – bringing the benchmark one year lending rate to 3.85 percent by mid-year. Similarly further cuts to the Required Reserve Ratio are likely to maintain liquidity in the finance sector, with capital outflows likely to continue in the short term. 
After a sharp increase in January (ahead of Chinese new year), new credit slowed significantly in February. Over the two month period, aggregate financing totalled RMB 4.2 trillion, an increase of 23 percent yoy. 
Bank loans recorded slightly slower growth, 19 percent yoy, to total RMB 3.1 trillion. Efforts to tightened regulation around the shadow banking sector has seen a strong increase in bank loans across the past two years. 
The key driver of other credit was corporate bonds, with net issuance totalling RMB 541 billion in January and February, an increase of 110 percent. 
Key components of the shadow banking sector largely cancelled each other out – with growth in trust and entrusted loans (at 111 percent yoy) offset by a sharp fall in banker acceptances (-275 percent yoy). 
<a href="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.55.28%20AM.png" target="_blank"> Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/03/14/Screen%20Shot%202016-03-14%20at%208.55.28%20AM.png" alt="">
Alan Oster is group chief economist, National Australia Bank, and can be contacted <a href="https://business.nab.com.au/author/alan-oster/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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China's economy at a glance: NAB's Alan Oster

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<h3 class="post-title entry-title">GUEST OBSERVER</h3>
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Headline immigration slows 
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<div>The January <a href="https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/3401.0Main+Features1Jan%202016?OpenDocument" target="_blank">Overseas Arrivals &amp; Departures</a> figures revealed that permanent immigration into Australia continued to slow into the beginning of 2016, with a net +268,400 permanent and long term arrivals now tracking more than a third below the peak.</div>
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<div>There were some 13,610 permanent departures in January, the highest on record, although ABS research shows that most "permanent" departures actually return to our shores within a year.</div>
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 <div>The composition of immigrants continues to shift away from New Zealanders and Britons, and towards permanent settlers of Asian origin, now accounting for a record 57.7 per cent share over the past 12 months.</div>
 <img src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1w0a3JXsOt8/VtzVO6qsuFI/AAAAAAAAbsk/Ua4W6MM6LoA/s640/ARR6.jpg" width="640" height="350"> Record high 7.5 million arrivals <div>Despite the soft headline figures those hoping for a significant decline in Australian population growth are likely to be disappointed, with the wider picture being that population growth will probably only slow from extremely strong to strong. Indeed, after accounting for the rapid growth in student visas, total population growth in Australia is probably already rising again. </div>
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<div>In the year to January the number of short term arrivals blazed past 7.5 million for the first time in recording another strong +8.6 per cent rolling annual increase.</div>
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<div>The number of short term departures is still creeping up, but a much more sedate pace, implying an exchange rate driven rebalancing. </div>
 <img src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XRjxdNt05RE/VtzVN3S-ucI/AAAAAAAAbsY/SUn_byjPb0I/s640/ARR3.jpg" width="640" height="338"> <div> </div>
<div>There was a huge increase in the number of holiday makers to Australia in the year to January of +442,000 taking the annualised total up to a fresh high of 3.57 million, while an additional +119,400 folk came to visit friends &amp; family, taking the total for this category up to a record 2.04 million. </div>
 <img src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bqgko3XUhEE/VtzVOrpQBMI/AAAAAAAAbsg/QSKZ6hUP6Gg/s640/ARR5.jpg" width="640" height="348"> <div> </div>
<div>The key reason that population growth is unlikely to slow is the vast projected boom in international students. </div>
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<div>There were some 55,000 education arrivals in January, by a huge margin the biggest January on record, and it seems to be a nailed on certainty that 2016 will be the greatest ever year for the enrolment of international students. </div>
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<div>More relaxed visa rules mean that many thousands of these students will end up becoming permanent residents in time. </div>
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<div class="separator">Last, but certainly not least, the explosion in visitors from China has virtually torn the roof off, with an astonishing +57.3 per cent increase from January 2015.</div>
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 <div>Naturally the most popular month in the calendar year for Chinese visitors will be February, due to the lunar year. The raw original data show that Chinese visitors in that month have ramped up at an astonishing pace:</div>
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<div>Feb 2012 - 66,500</div>
<div>Feb 2013 - 110,400</div>
<div>Feb 2014 - 104,400 </div>
<div>Feb 2015 - 164,400</div>
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<div>It seems likely that Febuary 2016 was another record-breaker, but we'll have to wait another month for the official confirmation of that. </div>
<div> </div>
<div>The wrap</div>
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<div>The full suite of figures appear to tie with DIBP forecasts of population growth bottoming out at somewhere close to 300,000 per annum, before increasing strongly over the remainder of the decade. It is important to note that most of the population slowdown has been in mining and resources regions - the largest capital cities have barely experienced any slowing at all to date. Evidently the composition of immigration moving forward will be very different, with Asia being the key driver of population and tourism growth. --- Chinese iron ore, coke and rebar futures have all hit limit up during today's trade, while crude might even get back to $40. Nice to see. A few mining stocks are going ballistic. </div>
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Asian century tees off in Australia: Pete Wargent

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Chinese buyers have helped drive huge price rises in Australia's property market, but the BBC reports Beijing is now trying to prevent its citizens from taking cash out of the country.
Reporter Julian Lorkin noted according to Chinese law, individuals can take a maximum of $50,000 (A$69,800; £35,000) out of the country.
"Chinese banks that once looked away when investors transferred money to outside China are now scrupulously applying rules about the transfer of capital overseas.
"This means fewer Chinese buyers can get enough money out of the country to buy expensive Australian real estate," the BBC said. 
Last year Chinese buyers spent a record A$12 billion on Australian property, with Dr Andrew Wilson, Domain's senior economist, saying China had been a very significant part of the market for the past few years, particularly for high rise apartments in Sydney.
Tim Lawless, from real estate analysts Corelogic, said many Chinese investors had brought money to Australia already, as they had planned to buy property there for several years.
Families could also team up to circumvent the US$50,000 foreign investment limit.
"That will sustain the property market," Mr Lawless said. "Chinese who have cash here are still interested in Australian property.
"However, they are looking for areas that might still have growth, like Melbourne or the Gold Coast. Sydney is past its peak, but prices haven't fallen off a cliff. "
Dr Wilson noted Chinese buyers were still active in Melbourne.
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China cash supply for Australian property the 2016 mystery

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Li Ruipeng, the Chinese businessman on the run from authorities in China and at the centre of a luxury watch gifting scandal in Canberra, has been hiding out on the Gold Coast, according to the Australian Financial Review.
Mr Li, whose instant noodle and property company owes millions of dollars to suppliers, staff and money lenders across China, is also in legal trouble in Australia, was in Australia as recently as last week.
Court documents show Mr Li is involved in 27 legal disputes on the mainland, owes creditors at least $30 million and is being investigated for illegal fundraising.
Mr Li often boasted of his political connections in Australia. He displayed photographs of these contacts in his office, including the now infamous shot of him in June 2013 with ousted human services minister Stuart Robert, former Australian prime minister and then opposition leader Tony Abbott and Ian Macfarlane, who at the time was opposition industry spokesman.
At the dinner Mr Li gave all MPs, as well as the wives of Mr Abbott and Mr Robert, designer watches. They were initially accepted, assumed to be fakes, but later returned.
Greg Roberts, compliance manager at Wealthcare Custodians, is taking legal action against the Chinese businessman.
Wealthcare, which was set up in 2005, had hoped to leverage Mr Li's contacts and build up a business providing advice to wealthy Chinese investors, particularly those looking to take part in the Significant Investor Visa program.
Sydney firm Wealthcare Custodians Limited confirmed it was taking legal action against its former chairman after he disappeared last year owing almost $300,000.
Wealthcare offer the investor the ability to consider a number of investment options; from the safety of bank and foreign exchange accounts over the major universal currencies, as well as a more actively managed growth fund. 
The growth fund offers a range of diversified, actively managed property and manufacturing opportunities, spread over rural, residential, retail, commercial, industrial, tourism and infrastructure sectors. Of particular focus are the areas of hospitals, aged care facilities and educational facilities in areas of need around Australia.
Its Australasian Infrastructure Trust was specifically designed and created to enable high net worth Chinese investors and their families around the world, to avail themselves of the Australian Federal Government’s Significant Investor Visa (SIV), which allows qualifying participants to apply for permanent residency in Australia.
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Chinese Rolex giver being pursued by Wealthcare

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Property group Chiwayland Australia has acquired a 2,980 sqm corner site in Sydney’s northern suburb of Ryde for $18.6 million.
The site at 771-775 Victoria Road is zoned for a mixed-use project which has a compliant concept scheme for 90 residential apartments. It was formerly a car dealership.
The development is close to Top Ryde Shopping Centre and public transport.
Chiwayland International is the property division of conglomerate Chiway Group and is involved in residential and commercial development in China, including affordable housing, office buildings and education.
The company entered the Australian market in 2014 and the acquisition brings the company’s development pipeline to more than $872 million in Australia including joint ventures.
Chiwayland Australia’s director Brian Chen said the acquisition is part of its strategy to acquire prime sites in Sydney’s growth suburbs close to transport links upon which to develop mixed-use projects.
“Through the planning process, we are exploring ways to maximise urban outcome and community benefit,” Chen said.
The acquisition follows the company’s purchase of a site in Parramatta for $27 million in January last year with plans to develop a residential tower with about 350 apartments.
Chiwayland is currently developing several residential projects in Sydney and Brisbane. It has recently launched its new $78.9 million residential development in Sdyney’s Epping, known as Marine’s Hill, comprising 90 apartments.
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Developer Chiwayland buys mixed-use site in Sydney’s Ryde for $18.6 million

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The Treasurer Scott Morrison has approved the $280 million sale of the Van Diemen’s Land Company to Chinese company Moon Lake Investments on the condition that it complies with Australian tax law.
The Foreign Investment Review Board approved the sale which would guarantee job retention and additional jobs.
The sale of Tasmania’s biggest dairy was previously agreed with TasFoods consortium but the New Plymouth District Council (NPDC), its New Zealand vendors, then accepted the better offer from Moon Lake.
Moon Lake's Lu Xianfeng said they wanted to further develop Australasia’s biggest dairy.
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Van Diemen's Land Tassie dairy sale to Chinese by New Zealand owners

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Chinese investment in Australia’s real estate market has not declined despite fears that the RMB’s devaluation and stock market crisis there would impact outbound investment, and the trend is expected to continue, according to a Knight Frank report.
Chinese investor — big and small — appetite for overseas real estate was also supported by the growing need for diversification from the Chinese market, says the report. 
The China-Australia Free Trade Agreement, the Qualified Domestic Individual Investor or QDII schemes are expected to drive more Chinese investment in the Australian property market, says Knight Frank’s second global China Outbound Real Estate Investment report: New Waves, New Destinations. 
Sydney and Melbourne alone attracted a total of US$3.8 billion in Chinese investment in 2015, next only to Manhattan, New York at US$5.78 billion. 
<a href="/images/2016/02/24/Screen%20Shot%202016-02-24%20at%208.44.56%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/02/24/Screen%20Shot%202016-02-24%20at%208.44.56%20AM.png" alt="">
Total Chinese outbound capital doubled to nearly US$30 billion in 2015 from 2014, according to the report.
“Investor interest in Australia, particularly in Sydney, has not diminished as many had feared – even after the latest RMB devaluation and with demand for natural resources weakening,” said Knight Frank’s head of Research &amp; Consulting, Australia, Matt Whitby.
“Australian prices, coupled with strong Chinese buying power and continued weakness in the Australian dollar, has continued to attract capital inflow.”
Chinese investment into the Sydney and Melbourne markets skyrocketed in the from 2010-2015 period, added Knight Frank’s head of Asian Markets, Australia, Dominic Ong. 
“Given the level of growth that we have experienced over the past five years, we anticipate that the outflow of Chinese investment into Australia will remain at steady and strong levels but it will be difficult to beat 2015,” he said. 
CIC’s purchase of the Investa Portfolio for $2.45 billion was the biggest deal that boosted the figure last year, he added.
According to Ong, Chinese investment activity will be concentrated on development sites and office investments, focusing on prime product in the Sydney and Melbourne markets. 
He predicted some growth in 2016, but potentially not levels as high as Australia has seen in the last few years.
“I expect demand will be strong for the next three to five years, but what might affect the transaction volume will be supply – the lack of available prime stock available in the best locations,” said Ong.
 
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Chinese to continue investing in Australian real estate in 2016: Knight Frank

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Property developer China Aoyuan Property Group Ltd has announced two more projects after tasting success with its first Australian foray, One30 Hyde Park in Sydney.
Hong Kong-listed Aoyuanpaid $18 million for the 1,000 sqm site at 188 Maroubra Road in Maroubra Junction. Plans to develop 70 apartments have been submitted to Randwick Council for approval and the developer expects to market it by the end of this financial year.
It has also entered into a conditional agreement to acquire a strategic site in Melrose Park, in the municipality of Ryde.
The Melrose Park project is on a 10,000 sqm site and is earmarked for the 2018/19 financial year. Aoyuan said it will continue to build its development pipeline in Australia.
“Aoyuan’s first overseas project, One30 Hyde Park, has impressed us with its outstanding sales performance, and we are confident that it will achieve a gross sales target of close to $400-million,” said Jacky Chan, head of Aoyuan’s Australian operations.
He said the acquisition of the Maroubra and Melrose Park sites will further the group’s strategic expansion plans and also build a strong brand awareness in Australia. 
“Australia is not a short term proposition for us. We are committed to Australia. Last year, the Australian contracted sales performance contributed to nearly 7% of the group’s total contracted sales performance,” he said.
Aoyuan other projects are in Guangdong, Chongqing, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hunan, Guangxi and Jiangxi. It said as of June 30, 2015, the total GFA of land bank was approximately 12.76 million sqm.
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China’s Aoyuan Property Group expands Sydney footprint, buys Maroubra site for $18 million

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If you pick up a newspaper these days, you had better have some Xanax handy. The headlines from China can be pretty scary.
But the truth is, the situation is more mixed than most fear-mongers would have you believe.
If you wear a miner's light on your hard hat when you go to work in the morning, then, sure, you have a right to worry that China's industrial economy could slow further.
But if you work or invest in real estate, or for that matter in the fields of education or tourism, you can rest easy.
You see, China has at least two different economies. The old industrial economy is slowing and being cleaned up. Even as the government moves to shut down polluting, outdated factories, consumer demand is booming, which means more buyers for Australian property, as well as for our tourism and education.
China doesn't rely solely on industry any more than Australia relies solely on mining. Industry only accounts for about 35% of GDP, but services account for more than half.
Credit Suisse sent me an interesting chart last week. It showed that China is importing about 20 percent less machinery and commodities like coal, but spending 80 percent more on international tourism. This is reflected in the fact that more than one million Chinese tourists came to spend their cash in Australia last year, the most ever.
Australia's educational sector is our number one export, after coal, iron ore and natural gas. Chinese outnumber all other foreign students in university, English-language, secondary and nonaward classes.
This is the same scenario we are seeing in real estate. With Chinese developers committed to billions of dollars of residential new construction in Australia, and Chinese buyers purchasing off-the-plan in large numbers, Australia finally has something it has been missing for decades: money to build.
Awe have spent years in a housing affordability crisis, but Chinese capital is finally making it possible to construct enough new homes to meet market demand.
In the past decade, China supported Australia's economy by funneling huge amounts of cash into our mining industry. In the coming decade, it looks like it will do so via real estate, education and tourism.
It's no coincidence that the famous Sydney Harbour Bridge Climb now offers a sky-high karaoke option for Chinese tourists.
Here's something that will make that shift sweeter: tourism, education and construction keep more than 2 million people working in this country, while mining just provides jobs for fewer than 200,000.
China's current expansion won't last forever, but experts like UBS global CEO Sergio Ermotti believe the rise of the Chinese consumer could last as long as did the commodities boom we just lived through.
Even at a pessimistic growth rate of 6.5 percent, China's economy will double in size by 2032.
Andrew Taylor is the founder and chief executive officer of sales and marketing at <a href="https://www.juwai.com/" target="_blank">Juwai.com</a>, the number-one Chinese real estate portal for property in Australia and around the world. Find out more about him <a href="https://list.juwai.com/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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