<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/damgar-group">Damgar Group</a> has delivered Rosella, its boutique Murrumbeena apartment project, several months ahead of its anticipated completion.

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/cera-stribley-architects">Cera Stribley</a>, the seven-storey building delivers 70 one, two, and three-bedroom residences, marking the first significant new apartment offering in the suburb in years.&nbsp;

With construction now complete and move-ins underway, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/rosella-murrumbeena-50-rosella-street-murrumbeena-vic-3163">Rosella</a> brings together design, practicality, and strong connectivity in one of Melbourne’s most tightly held pockets.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=142221 project_image_fid=353183]

Damgar partnered with <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/progressio-developments">Progressio</a> and the acclaimed team at Cera Stribley to create a design that both stands out and belongs, with its curved concrete façade and warm copper detailing nodding to the nearby Hughesdale Station underpasses.&nbsp;

Inside, these soft architectural curves continue through interior walls, a feature rarely seen at this scale and price point.&nbsp;

James Gray of Progresio, Rosella’s development partner, said the project set out to create “something Murrumbeena simply hasn’t seen before,” combining design ambition with everyday livability.

“We brought in the renowned team from Cera Stribley Architects who created something instantly recognisable,” said Gray.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=142221 project_image_fid=352270]

Each apartment balances function and aesthetics, with interiors curated around natural light, warmth and material quality. Kitchens are appointed with Miele appliances, stone benchtops and gunmetal tapware, complemented by Cera Stribley’s signature joinery and bespoke detailing. Open-plan living zones open onto generous terraces designed for entertaining.

Residents also enjoy access to a landscaped rooftop terrace and residents’ lounge with panoramic views over Melbourne’s skyline, a rare amenity in Murrumbeena’s low-rise neighbourhood context.&nbsp;

[smartcode_project:default project_id=142221 project_image_fid=352267]

Rosella sits directly opposite Hughesdale Station and Hughesdale Village, placing cafés, wine bars and everyday retail within walking distance. Chadstone Shopping Centre - Australia’s largest retail destination - is just minutes away, while the CBD is a short 15-minute train ride. It’s a level of connectivity that continues to drive buyer interest from professionals and downsizers seeking long-term value in established suburbs.

Final residences at Rosella start from $680,000, offering one of the few opportunities to buy brand-new in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/murrumbeena-vic-3163">Murrumbeena</a>. Damgar Group is also offering generous stamp duty contributions toward purchases for a limited time.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=142221]

Urban Editorial

"Something Murrumbeena simply hasn’t seen before": Rosella redefines apartment living in Melbourne’s south-east suburb

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/billbergia">Billbergia</a> and Metrics Credit Partners are teaming up once again, this time in Concord, where they're taking Concord Central,&nbsp; an eight-building, 1400-dwelling precinct, to the NSW Government.

The State Significant Development Application (SSDA) for the 3.14-hectare site at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/1-king-street-concord-1-king-street-concord-west-nsw-2137">1 King Street</a>, adjacent to Concord West train station, also includes plans for a new civic plaza featuring retail and commercial spaces.

Concord Central marks another major collaboration between Billbergia and Metrics, following their joint venture in the Sydney CBD, a <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/nsw/billbergia-metrics-propose-two-80-level-towers-in-sydneys-cbd">two-tower development</a> that will see both towers rise 80 storeys, ranking among the tallest buildings in the city.

<img alt="Bilbergia" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="03ecc392-ba98-437a-bf3b-a944c42e1812" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202025-10-21%20at%204.53.25%E2%80%AFPM.png?VersionId=VaW78cYWuwRjWfU0GdgNQrRWTxU7u5xY" />

At Concord, the initial proposal in 2024 was for 700 apartments across 10 towers.&nbsp;The tower heights now range from six to 37 storeys.

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

According to the Scoping Report prepared by Ethos Urban, the project aims to “incorporate a mixed-use approach and use urban design principles to integrate commercial, retail and residential land uses” while improving connectivity and public access to transport infrastructure.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/group-gsa">GroupGSA</a> has led the urban design and masterplanning, alongside architectural input from Fitzpatrick Partners, Lachlan Seegers, and Carter Williamson. The indicative masterplan shows a layout that prioritises open space, view corridors, and pedestrian permeability, with over 5000 sqm of public realm, including a central park and active street frontages.

The project’s proximity to Concord West Station and future Sydney Metro connections at North Strathfield supports the broader vision for a transport-oriented development. The Scoping Design Report notes that the masterplan “seeks to re-integrate the site into the suburb, providing residential activation with public through-site links, civic spaces and play areas”.

<img alt="Billbergia" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="0e724b4a-5eac-4725-b8a6-e8f217fd753e" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202025-10-21%20at%204.53.57%E2%80%AFPM.png?VersionId=Mpa8ojMn.XDFd73mOzXCA2EI1WarS4tE" />

Retail space has been reduced slightly in the latest version to 5,100 sqm, but with a sharper focus on local activation and daily needs. A childcare centre and community facilities are also included, alongside infrastructure upgrades valued at over $100 million.

The project has been declared State Significant and is undergoing assessment by the NSW Department of Planning, Housing and Infrastructure. According to the submitted documents, construction could begin as early as late 2026, with completion anticipated by 2029.

This project continues Billbergia’s focus on large-scale urban renewal precincts, with similar activity underway in Rhodes and Chatswood in partnership with Metrics.

Joel Robinson

Billbergia and Metrics unveils Concord Central scheme with 1400 homes near Concord West Station

Three years after submitting its initial development application for a new apartment building in Bilinga, local developer Lacey Group has decided now is the right time to start progressing with the project.

Lacey Group, which has been behind the likes of Del Ray in Kirra and The Monroe in Palm Beach, has filed fresh plans for an 11-level building with 27 apartments. The 1,009 sqm block at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/66-pacific-parade-bilinga-qld-4225">66 Pacific Parade</a>, on the corner of Archer Avenue facing Joe Doniger Park and the beach, is currently home to a walk-up block of original flats known as Serene.

Plus Studio has tweaked its own plans. The density mix isn't much different to the&nbsp;10-level, 28-unit <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/qld/first-look-lacey-group-set-for-next-gold-coast-apartment-development">application they made in 2022</a>.

There will still be nine two-bedroom apartments and 16 three-bedroom apartments. The three two-level penthouses have been scrapped, in favour of a large three-bedroom and four-bedroom apartment on the ninth level. There will be just three apartments per floor throughout the building.

&nbsp;

<img alt="Lacey" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="170901f8-c4e9-481d-8d2a-5c7d20b1d785" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202025-10-21%20at%206.01.24%E2%80%AFPM.png?VersionId=lGJGCx9qskwB8qu6Xlur4i0K0boXR5Do" />

Plus Studio, led locally by Danny Juric, says 66 Pacific Parade will be&nbsp;a "timeless addition to Bilinga, facilitating a lifestyle defined by relaxed sophistication — barefoot luxury at its finest."

"Located just moments from the beach, 66 Pacific Parade is designed to embrace the Bilinga lifestyle and enhance the neighbourhood’s character," the submission to the Gold Coast City Council noted.

They called the apartments "beach homes", which will be "enveloped by sweeping curves that create a seamless integration between the architecture and its coastal context."

"These soft forms enhance panoramic view experiences for residents, while layered landscaping along the Pacific Parade and Archer Street frontages blends the ocean into the residents’ private recreation deck, pool, and lounges."

<img alt="Lacey" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="18aebcd9-4d68-47d2-86b9-92eda1779103" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202025-10-21%20at%206.01.47%E2%80%AFPM.png?VersionId=xtOSgbusBKaWiXhyhjO_0ctVkllaPg_0" />

&nbsp;

According to the Town Planning Report by Urban Planning Services, the new application “demonstrates a more refined architectural expression, with particular emphasis on coastal character, visual interest, and improved amenity outcomes”.

The design adopts lighter tones and tiered landscaping, with articulated balconies and screening elements to soften the façade and improve privacy.

Bilinga has become a popular spot for developers in recent years. SIERA recently completed <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/pipis-bilinga-303-golden-four-drive-bilinga-qld-4225">PIPIS</a>, just 19 luxury apartments on Golden Four Drive, while <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/bilinga-house-107-golden-four-drive-bilinga-qld-4225">Bilinga House</a>, a more dense, more price-pointed development, recently launched.

First look: Lacey Group advances Bilinga apartment plans

A fresh high-rise tower is being proposed on what is becoming Surfers Paradise most popular street for development.

Sunset Boulevard, just outside of the centre of Surfers Paradise on the Nerang River, has been a hotbed for developers in the last 12 months, with the likes of SEYAH, Macquarie York, and&nbsp;YHY Group filing plans for new apartments.

The latest comes from Sinclair Projects, a company associated with Sinclair Projects, a company associated with&nbsp;Highgrove Bathrooms Founder Lindsay Sinclair. They've sought to develop <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/cointreau-25-27-sunset-boulevard-surfers-paradise-qld-4217">Cointreau</a>, 51 apartments across a 16-level building that will sit on a 1,012 sqm corner site at 25-27&nbsp;Sunset Boulevard, on the corner of Alberta Place. It is currently occupied by two low-rise dwellings.

The tower, by&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/studio-workshop">Studio Workshop</a>,&nbsp;will include a mix of 37 two-bedroom and 14 three-bedroom apartments, with all residences located above a three-level podium which will home a communal recreation level, featuring landscaped terraces and a pool, and the majority of the 69 resident parking spaces.

Studio Workshop says in the submitted plans to the Gold Coast City Council that Sunset Blvd is emerging as a "vibrant new urban community that blends lifestyle, culture, and convenience in a central locale."

"The development embraces the Gold Coast’s unique connection to the outdoors, highlighted by Cointreau’s podium pool and wellness spaces that encourage residents to live and relax in the open air."

<img alt="Gold Coast" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="94bc6fc7-651a-4c6c-aa4a-ea033971a943" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202025-10-21%20at%205.27.47%E2%80%AFPM.png?VersionId=JUOpBzV3BSNah6QLyeCIT6QVuK.3Hy_3" />

They said its central location reinforces its identity as a connected precinct, with key views to HOTA, access to the Broadwater, and walkability to both the beach and the heart of Surfers Paradise — placing dining, retail, entertainment, and lifestyle at residents’ fingertips.

"This thoughtful integration of design, amenity, and location ensures Sunset Blvd is more than just a place to live — it is a thriving community that captures the essence of coastal urban living while fostering a strong connection to both nature and culture."

The first development likely to launch on Sunset Boulevard among a backdrop of several approvals is SEYAH's&nbsp;Cavella, just 18 large-scale apartments on the river.

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/qld/first-look-seyah-to-launch-cavella-in-emerging-sunrise-boulevard-surfers-paradise-pocket-following-density-rethink">First look: SEYAH to launch Cavella in emerging Sunrise Boulevard, Surfers Paradise pocket following density rethink</a>

The first developer to identify Sunset Boulevard was Roy Skaf's Macquarie York. He has approval for 43 apartments, although that density may change in the coming months.

YHY Group has approval for a 33-level tower with 74 apartments, with the penthouse proposed to be the <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/qld/first-look-the-gold-coasts-largest-penthouse-pitched-for-new-surfers-paradise-tower">largest penthouse ever</a> produced on the Gold Coast.

Sydney-based P&amp;N Sleiman Group secured approval for&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/52-sunset-boulevard-surfers-paradise-qld-4217">52 Sunset Boulevard</a>, but has recently listed the site for sale.

First look: Sunset Boulevard shines as Surfers’ next hotspot for apartment development

A prominent eastern gateway site to Bondi Junction could soon host a new eight-storey apartment project combining market and affordable housing, under new plans lodged with Waverley Council.

The proposal covers a 1,631 sqm amalgamated site across five properties at 2–6 Bondi Road and 75–77 Old South Head Road, including the corner of Ben Eden Street.&nbsp;

According to the Design Verification Statement by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/tony-owen-partners">Tony Owen Partners</a>, the development will deliver a total of 56 apartments, incorporating 10 affordable dwellings. The project takes advantage of the NSW Government’s Housing SEPP, which provides a 30 per cent uplift in height and floor space ratio in exchange for the inclusion of affordable housing.

<img alt="Bondi Road, Bondi" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="64226782-681d-430f-a08b-31d007ba40e0" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Bondi%20Road%20Bondi%20site.png?VersionId=gCt8XpeE4jXEoao0FnG.Ij9mUr73CB68" />

The mix of apartments spans one-, two-, and three-bedroom configurations, with a layout designed to optimise amenity and environmental performance.&nbsp;88.5 per cent of units achieve natural cross ventilation, Tony Owen Partners notes in the statement, attributing the result to the site’s configuration and a high proportion of corner apartments.

The design also responds to the site’s transitional context, on the periphery of the high-rise Bondi Junction commercial core and adjoining the lower-scale Bellevue Hill precinct.&nbsp;

“The siting, scale, bulk, and massing of the proposed development is consistent with that anticipated for the area,” the statement reads, with the building’s height capped at 28.6 metres in line with the LEP controls including bonuses.

<img alt="Bondi Road building" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="083fb63f-8a64-4c21-9c09-83e379f1cedd" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Bondi%20bldg.png?VersionId=aQMby6eh5kCepC_rlXkobUpV0M6IsYns" />

Located near the intersection of Bondi Road, Oxford Street, and Old South Head Road, the site occupies a pivotal position at the entry to Bondi Junction from the east. The site is currently occupied by four detached two-storey dwellings.

Bondi Junction seldom sees new apartment development. Stargate is currently developing <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/the-centennial-collection-east-sydney-2-nelson-street-bondi-junction-nsw-2022">The Centennial Collection</a>, on the edge of Woollahra and Centennial Park, and are soon to launch <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/signature-by-stargate-362-384-oxford-street-bondi-junction-nsw-2022">Signature by Stargate</a>, just down Oxford Street.

First look: Eight-storey apartment block pitched for key Bondi Junction gateway site

Young Adults

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GUEST OBSERVATION
Young adults not only struggle to buy a home, many struggle to secure any kind of independent housing. This contributes to a cycle of living in precarious and informal housing and to a growing gap between their current situation and their short and longer-term housing aspirations.
A <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://www.ahuri.edu.au/research/final-reports/318" target="_blank">report released today</a> by the Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute (<a href="https://www.ahuri.edu.au/about-us/who-we-are-and-what-we-do" target="_blank">AHURI</a>) adds nuance to debates about generational change and housing by examining how housing aspirations differ among emerging adults (18-24 years) and in early adulthood (25-34 years). For example, emerging adults are more likely than the older cohort to prefer living in an apartment.
By early adulthood, the housing aspirations gap is greatest for individuals in the private rental sector, particularly those on higher incomes, and narrowest for home owners. Home buyers on low to moderate incomes are most happy with their housing.
While long-held values around the ideal of home ownership prevail, these are not as persistent as for past generations. The ideal differs according to age, education and the quality and security of current living arrangements. But having somewhere safe and secure to call home was the top priority across all young adults.
Aspirations change with stage of life
An extended phase of dependence to semi-dependence shapes the housing aspirations of young adults. This involves either remaining in the family home or sharing with others.
In 2015-16, the <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/6503.0" target="_blank">ABS Survey of Income and Housing</a> revealed that only one in six (17%) young adults (18-24 years) lived independently. Two-thirds (66%) lived with parents. Around a third of young adults (25-34 years) are also opting to remain or move back with parents or live in shared housing.
While these living arrangements reflect concerns about housing affordability, they are also used as a strategy to pursue other aspirations, such as education.
What do young adults want in their housing?
The AHURI <a href="https://www.ahuri.edu.au/research/research-in-progress/ahuri-inquiries/evidence-based-policy-inquiry-51170" target="_blank">research</a> includes a nationally representative survey of more than 2,400 Australians aged 18-34 years. It was supported by focus groups and in-depth interviews, including with Indigenous Australians, in Western Australia, New South Wales and Victoria.
Home ownership was the ideal tenure for 60% of emerging adults (18-24). By early adulthood (25-34) the proportion had climbed to 70%. The ideal of home ownership was lower (61%) for those still living in the family home by early adulthood compared with higher-income couples living independently (80%).
By early adulthood, educational status becomes a key marker of whether home ownership is considered possible. Nearly two-thirds (61%) of households with a tertiary-educated member believed they could buy a house within five years. This compares with just over a third of those with an education to year 12 (36%) and less than a quarter (23%) of those with an education to year 11 or below.
The preference for apartment living falls with age. About a third (34%) of emerging adults reported this as their ideal, compared with 21% of early adults.
Young adults also want more space. The largest share of both emerging (32%) and early adults (43%) indicated that a four-bedroom house is ideal. This compares to just 20% of those over 55 years of age who wanted four or more bedrooms.
How large is the housing aspirations gap?
For emerging adults (18-24), living in a group household typically met short-term (82%) but not longer-term (25%) aspirations. Similarly, living with parents mostly met short-term (76%) but not longer-term (30%) aspirations.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/287454/original/file-20190809-144851-1h1mcvj.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip" target="_blank">Click here </a>to enlarge: 
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/287454/original/file-20190809-144851-1h1mcvj.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/287454/original/file-20190809-144851-1h1mcvj.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
Australian Housing Aspirations Survey 2018, Author provided
By early adulthood (25-34) the housing aspirations gap is greatest for individuals in the private rental sector, particularly those on higher incomes. For higher-income groups, their current private rental housing met the short-term aspirations of just over three-quarters (76%) but only 20% for longer-term aspirations.
The aspirations gap is narrowest for home owners. Home buyers on low to moderate incomes were most happy with their housing in the short-term (92%) and longer-term (60%).
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/287457/original/file-20190809-144843-1v1u54g.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip" target="_blank">Click here</a> to enlarge: 
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/287457/original/file-20190809-144843-1v1u54g.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/287457/original/file-20190809-144843-1v1u54g.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
Housing Aspirations Survey 2018, Author provided
What can be done to close the aspirations gap?
Very few people are actively planning for their housing futures. Affordability and the deposit gap, insufficient income, employment insecurity and “waiting for the market to settle down” all impact on achieving longer-term aspirations. In the short-term, not being in a preferred location, high mobility and insecurity matter most.
Housing policy needs to become more realistic about the housing futures of young Australians. Achieving both short- and longer-term aspirations requires new policy frameworks that can enable young people to move towards attaining “secure independence”.
Public debate about the housing aspirations of young adults gained prominence during the federal election with <a href="https://theconversation.com/small-but-well-formed-the-new-home-deposit-scheme-will-help-and-its-unlikely-to-push-up-prices-117073" target="_blank">promises of a targeted scheme</a> to help first home buyers. Proposed first home owner deposit schemes are an important step in meeting aspirations, particularly among private renters with higher and secure incomes.
But before young people even contemplate home ownership they need greater support in making key life transitions, such as from education to work, via more continuous and integrated packages of housing assistance.
We also need continued reforms to ensure a fairer and more secure private rental sector with short and longer-term leasing options close to employment and training, and with stable rents.
There needs to be diversity and real choice in dwelling types, size and locations and scaling up of more sustainable and niche models of co-housing.
As for young people locked out of home ownership in the long-term, they need a way to build an investment nest egg and to access quality social and public rental housing.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/121431/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">
Sharon Parkinson, Senior Research Fellow, Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology
Amity James, Senior Lecturer, School of Economics, Finance and Property, Curtin University
Steven Rowley, Head of School, Economics, Finance and Property, Curtin University. Director, Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute, Curtin Research Centre, Curtin University
Wendy Stone, Associate Professor, Centre for Urban Transitions and Director, Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute Swinburne Research Centre, Swinburne University of Technology
This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/first-home-buyer-schemes-arent-enough-to-meet-young-adults-housing-aspirations-121431" target="_blank">original article</a>.
</body></html>

j.ballantyne1990-6AQqhLzZaK

First home buyer schemes aren’t enough to meet young adults’ housing aspirations

<html><body>
GUEST OBSERVATION
It is well-established that recessions hit young people the hardest.
We saw it in our early 1980s recession, our early 1990s recession, and in the one we are now entering.
The latest <a href="https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/6160.0.55.001Main%20Features4Week%20ending%202%20May%202020" target="_blank">payroll data</a> shows that for most age groups, employment fell 5% to 6% between mid-March and May. For workers in their 20s, it fell 10.7%
The most dramatic divergence in the fortunes of young and older Australians came in the mid 1970s recession when the unemployment rate for those aged 15-19 shot up from 4% to 10% in the space of one year. A year later it was 12%, and 15% a year after that.
<hr>
Unemployment rates 1971-1977
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/336271/original/file-20200520-152288-16b5n6o.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/336271/original/file-20200520-152288-16b5n6o.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a> <a class="source" href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/6203.0">ABS 6203.0</a>
<hr>
At the time, 15 to 19 years of age was when young people got jobs. Only one third completed Year 12.
What is less well known is how long the effects lasted. They seem to be present more than 40 years later.
The Australians who were 15 to 19 years old at the time of the mid-1970s recession were born in the early 1960s.
In almost every recent <a href="http://positivepsychology.org.uk/subjective-well-being/" target="_blank">subjective well-being</a> survey they have performed worse that those born before or after that period.
Subjective well-being is determined by asking respondents how satisified they are with their lives on a scale of 0 to 10, where 0 is totally dissatisfied and 10 is totally satisfied.
Australia’s Household, Income and Labour Dynamics survey (<a href="https://melbourneinstitute.unimelb.edu.au/hilda" target="_blank">HILDA</a>) has been asking the question since 2001.
In order to fairly compare the life satisfaction of different generations it is necessary to adjust the findings to compensate for other things known to affect satisfaction including income, gender, marital status, education and employment status.
Doing that and selecting the 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 surveys to examine how children born at the start of the 1960s have fared relative to those born earlier and later, shows that regardless of their age at the time of the survey, they are less satisfied than those born at other times.
<hr>
Subjective wellbeing by birth cohort over four HILDA surveys
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/336287/original/file-20200520-152311-h03y48.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/336287/original/file-20200520-152311-h03y48.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
Subjective well-being on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 is totally dissatisfied and 10 is totally satisfied. <a class="source" href="https://melbourneinstitute.unimelb.edu.au/hilda" target="_blank">Regressions available upon request</a>
The consistency of lower levels of subjective well-being reported by the 1961-1965 birth cohort suggests something has had a lasting effect.
An obvious candidate is the dramatic increase in the rate of youth unemployment in at the time many of this age group were trying to get a job.
Over time, labour markets can recover but the scars of entering the labour market during a time of sudden high unemployment can be permanent.
The impacts of the early 1980s and early 1990s recessions on young people were alleviated somewhat by the doubling of the <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/4220.0" target="_blank">Year 12 retention rate</a> and later by the doubling of <a href="https://www.education.gov.au/student-data" target="_blank">university enrolments</a>.
But the education sector is maxed out and might not be able to perform the same trick for the third recession in a row.
Reinvigorating apprenticeships and providing cadetships for non-trade occupations might help. Otherwise the effects of the 2020 recession on an unlucky group of Australians might stay with us for a very long time.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/137236/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;">
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/jenny-chesters-869325" target="_blank">Jenny Chesters</a>, Senior Lecturer/ Research Fellow, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-melbourne-722" target="_blank">University of Melbourne</a>
This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/recessions-scar-young-people-their-entire-lives-even-into-retirement-137236" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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Recessions scar young people their entire lives, even into retirement

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While early adulthood is traditionally seen as the period when young adults begin to live independently, new AHURI research reveals that many young Australians are putting their longer term housing aspirations on hold to meet other life goals such as completing education or gaining secure employment.
In 2015-16, only 17% of young adults aged 18-24 years lived independently, with most (66%) still living with their parents.
Furthermore, around a third of Australians aged 25–34 either remained or moved back with parents or lived in shared housing.
The research, Young Australians and the housing aspirations gap, undertaken for AHURI by researchers from Swinburne University and Curtin University, examined the short and longer term housing aspirations and the housing aspirations gap (i.e. where current housing is not meeting people’s requirements) among ‘emerging adults’ (aged 18–24 years) and ‘early adults’ (aged 25– 34 years).
<a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2019/8/15/emerging%20adults%201.jpg" target="_blank">Click here</a> to enlarge: 
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/8/15/emerging%20adults%201.jpg" alt="">
"As house prices and rents have risen ahead of incomes, it is taking longer for young adults to create their own independent and secure households, and for some it is not attainable in the foreseeable future," says the report’s lead author, Dr Sharon Parkinson of Swinburne University.
"This has led many to staying or returning to the family home, or taking up informal living arrangements such as living in group households."
The ideal of home ownership is not as persistent as for past generations, varying with age, education and quality of current living arrangement. 60% of Australians aged 18–24 years and 70% of those aged 25–34 years identified owning and living in their own home as their ideal tenure. This compares to 80% of older Australians.
For emerging adults (18-24 years) sharing a house with a group typically met their short-term (82%) but not longer-term (25%) aspirations. While living with parents mostly met short-term (76%) but not longer-term (30%) aspirations.
<a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2019/8/15/emerging%20adults%202.jpg" target="_blank">Click here</a> to enlarge: 
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/8/15/emerging%20adults%202.jpg" alt="">
For early adults (25–34 years) the housing aspirations gap is greatest for individuals in the private rental sector. For interviewees renting privately, the requirement to move house was the one constant in their lives.
Short-term aspirations for this group were shaped around ‘horizontal’ moves or finding an arrangement slightly better than the previous move, but with no sense of moving upwards or being closer to achieving their longer term housing hopes.
Despite rising housing costs, most 18-24 year olds thought homeownership would be possible in the near future.
"We found that many emerging adults had a ‘blind optimism’ that they would be able to achieve their housing aspirations despite not actively planning for their housing future," says Dr Parkinson.
"Nearly a third of those we surveyed felt that they would be purchasing a home within the next five years with a further 36% believing they would buy in 5 to 10 years." 
By early adulthood there is a sharp divide in optimism influenced by education and income levels.
<a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2019/8/15/emerging%20adults%203.jpg" target="_blank">Click here </a>to enlarge: 
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/8/15/emerging%20adults%203.jpg" alt="">
Nearly two-thirds (61%) with a tertiary education and a higher income believe they would buy a property within five years, compared to just over a third (36%) for those with an education to year 12 or below, and less than a quarter (23%) for those with an education to year 11 or below.
<ul>
<li>More young Australians are not only being priced out of home ownership, but independent rental housing too. Only 17% of Australians aged 18-24 lived independently in 2015-16, and most (66%) lived with parents. Meanwhile, around a third of Australians aged 25–34 remained or moved back with parents, or lived in shared housing.</li>
<li>The ideal of home ownership is not as persistent as for past generations, varying with age, education and quality of current living arrangement. 60% of Australians aged 18–24 years and 70% of those aged 25–34 years identified owning and living in their own home as their ideal tenure. This compares to 80% of older Australians.</li>
<li>Despite house prices and rents rising ahead of incomes, 18–24 year olds held a ‘blind optimism’ for home ownership. 32% felt that purchasing a dwelling would be attainable within the next five years; and 36% considered it attainable in 5–10 years. This optimism decreases by early adulthood (25–34 years), influenced by education and income levels.</li>
</ul>
The report <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/http://www.ahuri.edu.au/research/final-reports/318" target="_blank">can be downloaded</a> from the AHURI website.
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