Iwan Sunito's vision for a landmark mixed-use precinct in Sydney's Inner West has taken a major step forward, with approval granted for the $1.9 billion Five Dock development first unveiled earlier this year.

The approved scheme by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/one-global-capital">One Global Capital</a> will deliver an 80,500 sqm mixed-use precinct comprising 840 apartments, integrated hotel accommodation, commercial and retail space, alongside publicly accessible open space designed to create a new destination for the growing suburb.

"This is a significant milestone for One Global Capital and for the future of housing delivery in Sydney," Sunito said.

"The Housing Delivery Authority was established to identify major housing projects capable of delivering meaningful supply more efficiently, and we are delighted that Spencer Street has been recognised as one of those projects.”

He said the declaration reflected the rapid progress achieved since acquiring control of the site.

"In less than seven months we have progressed from taking control of the site to securing entry into one of the NSW Government's most important planning pathways. It reflects the experience of our team, the strength of our consultant group led by Urbis, and our long-term commitment to delivering transformational projects that contribute to Sydney's future."

When the project was revealed earlier this year, Sunito described the opportunity as one of the strongest development sites he had worked on.

"I probably hadn't appreciated the uniqueness of the site until more recently when putting together the concept plans," Sunito said.

"The proximity to the water, and the golf course opposite, is unlike any other part of Parramatta Road. We have a unique position and view corridors over the water that makes this one of the best sites I've worked on."

The development has evolved since its initial announcement, with the approved plans increasing the residential component from the originally proposed 750 apartments to 840 homes while retaining the project's focus on creating an integrated neighbourhood rather than a standalone residential development.

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/nsw/a-city-within-a-city-iwan-sunito-flags-1-5-billion-mixed-use-precinct-in-five-dock">"A city within a city": Iwan Sunito flags $1.5 billion mixed-use precinct in Five Dock</a>

The precinct will combine apartments with hotel accommodation, commercial workplaces, retail offerings and public spaces, creating a mixed-use environment intended to serve both residents and the broader Five Dock community. The proposal also continues the collaboration between One Global Capital and internationally recognised architect <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/koichi-takada-architects">Koichi Takada</a>, whose previous work with Sunito includes Infinity, Arc and Skye North Sydney.

Takada previously said the design was driven by a philosophy of integrating nature into the built environment.

"The concept for this development is born from our design approach to naturalising architecture," Takada said.

"The public realm benefits from biophilic design that integrates generous landscaping, and the development is optimised for natural daylight, airflow and water views to foster wellbeing, sustainability and spaces that foster community interaction."

Sunito has consistently described the project as a "city within a city", with a strong emphasis on creating a destination that extends beyond housing.

"We want to create a development that's not only to be seen, but to be experienced by the whole local community," he said.

The approval comes as Five Dock continues its transformation ahead of the opening of the Sydney Metro West line, with the new Five Dock station set to significantly improve connections between the Inner West, Parramatta and the Sydney CBD.&nbsp;

The precinct will also benefit from its proximity to the Parramatta Road corridor, nearby waterfront parklands and established retail and dining offerings that have made Five Dock one of Sydney's most tightly held Inner West suburbs.

Joel Robinson

Iwan Sunito secures approval for $1.9 billion Five Dock mixed-use precinct

The new <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/yarraville-green-42-stephen-street-yarraville-vic-3013">Yarraville Green</a> development in Melbourne's inner west is showing that landscaping can be just as influential as architecture, with buyers responding strongly to the garden-first approach adopted from the outset by developer Excelon Projects and the project's design team.

Excelon appointed Six Degrees Architects and landscape architects SBLA to work collaboratively on the development, with a brief to create "a sustainable, design-led building with a focus on community."

That approach has resonated with buyers. According to Next Chapter Director Tom Hirini, who is leading the sales campaign, the landscaped communal garden has become one of the project's defining features, alongside its boutique scale and European-inspired cluster housing concept.

Local downsizers, right-sizers and established families already living in Yarraville and surrounding suburbs have accounted for the majority of purchasers.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297740]

Yarraville Green will comprise 53 homes, including apartments and townhomes, arranged around the shared central garden to maximise connections to the landscaped open space. Parking has been moved underground, allowing the ground plane to be dedicated to greenery, pedestrian movement and communal spaces.

The landscape extends well beyond passive planting. Productive garden beds, a pergola, communal gathering spaces, garden sheds and a pet wash have all been integrated into the masterplan, creating spaces designed to encourage everyday interaction between residents.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297741]

The interiors continue Excelon's focus on craftsmanship, incorporating bespoke elements by Melbourne artisans including leadlight detailing by Adadaz, hand-turned timber hardware by Auburn Woodturning and blown-glass lighting by Ruth Allen.

Sustainability has also been embedded throughout the project, with Yarraville Green targeting an average 7-star NatHERS energy rating through passive design principles, rooftop solar servicing common areas and rainwater harvesting for landscape irrigation.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297735]

Construction continues to progress at Yarraville Green, with structural works well underway and framing works approaching completion under builder Balmain &amp; Co. The project remains on track for completion in mid-2027.

Apartments at Yarraville Green are currently priced from $625,000, while townhomes start from $1.4 million.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=144913]

Garden-led design drives buyer demand at Yarraville Green

National diversified developer Fortis has officially launched Crest &amp; Walker, its latest Brisbane apartment development, with construction now underway on the 20-storey Newstead project.

Award-winning builder BINAH has commenced construction on the Bureau^Proberts-designed building, which will deliver a limited collection of 65 two and three-bedroom apartments on Kyabra Street.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373556]

The project marks Fortis' fourth active residential development in Brisbane, following River House, which is nearing completion, alongside projects in New Farm and Hamilton as the national developer continues to expand its South East Queensland pipeline.

Fortis General Manager – Development Queensland Dan Boman said Crest &amp; Walker reflects the developer's long-term commitment to delivering design-led residential projects in Brisbane's established inner-city suburbs.

"We're proud to be strengthening our presence in Brisbane with Crest &amp; Walker, particularly in such a sought-after lifestyle destination as Newstead," Boman said.

"Every Fortis project is shaped by its context, and we approach each one with the respect and care it deserves.

"Our focus is always on creating places that feel connected to their neighbourhood and elevate the everyday experience for residents. Newstead continues to evolve as one of Brisbane's most sought-after urban communities, and Crest &amp; Walker reflects our ambition to contribute meaningfully to that story."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373559]

Positioned between Gasworks Plaza and James Street, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/crest-walker-newstead-12-kyabra-street-newstead-qld-4006">Crest &amp; Walker</a> has been designed as a boutique residential address offering privacy and generous living spaces within one of Brisbane's most established lifestyle precincts.

The building features a contemporary brick podium softened by integrated landscaping, while the upper levels are characterised by restrained architecture and enduring materiality. Interiors have been designed to maximise natural light, acoustic performance and long-term liveability.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373583]

Residences comprise spacious two and three-bedroom floorplans, with two-bedroom apartments priced from $1.55 million and three-bedroom, half-floor residences from $3.95 million.

Residents will have access to a wellness-focused rooftop featuring a swimming pool, sauna, steam room, landscaped dining spaces and outdoor lounge areas overlooking Newstead and the Brisbane CBD.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373571]

Sales are being managed by Slaite Projects, with Fortis expecting strong demand from owner-occupiers seeking a high-quality, design-focused apartment in one of Brisbane's most tightly held inner-city suburbs.

Completion of Crest &amp; Walker is slated for late 2028.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=145922]

Fortis expands Brisbane pipeline with launch of Crest & Walker in Newstead

The enormity of delivering a true skyscraper in Australia's new development market is often overlooked.

It has taken the best part of a decade since plans for Chevron One were first unveiled, but the 41-storey tower is now complete, with residents collecting their keys and moving into what has become one of the Gold Coast's most recognisable new landmarks.

Rising 127 metres above Chevron Island, Chevron One stands almost twice as high as any other building on the island. Its scale places it alongside the trio of towers at Jewel, arguably the last truly significant addition to the central Gold Coast skyline when they were completed around six years ago.

While there are several developments underway around a similar height to Chevron One, they are more concentrated within clusters of the highest towers in the city. The fact Chevron One sits within a developing precinct, looking back at the other high-rise developments in Surfers Paradise and Broadbeach, makes it a different proposition altogether. It will certainly become a reference point on the Gold Coast skyline.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=6515 project_image_fid=68833]

Developer Bensons Property Group is behind the 41-storey tower, which has 229 apartments, along with an exhaustive list of resident amenity spread across what is the largest development site ever assembled on Chevron Island.

The tower has been the talk of the town for years, says Ray White Projects Gold Coast agent Caitlin Rosenboom, who is selling the remaining apartments.

"People have been watching Chevron One go up for years," Rosenboom says, adding that many prospective buyers have been surprised by the scale of the views once they step inside.

"It's only when they walk through a completed apartment that they truly understand the position of the building," Rosenboom says.

"The views are jaw-dropping. Whether you're looking east over the ocean, across Surfers Paradise, along the river systems or out to the hinterland, every level offers something different but equally impressive."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=6515 project_image_fid=360215]

One of Chevron One's defining advantages is its location on the eastern side of Chevron Island on Stanhill Drive, a position which protects the views forever.

"There's only one row of houses between Chevron One and the water, and the height restrictions along the river means views from Chevron One can never be built out,"&nbsp;Rosenboom says.

While new apartment developments continue to emerge across the Gold Coast, Rosenboom says opportunities to secure a completed apartment with this level of outlook are becoming increasingly rare.

"The size of the site is something that would be incredibly difficult to replicate today," she says.

"That's allowed Chevron One to deliver the sort of amenity, open space and resident facilities that very few projects can offer. There are not many completed apartment buildings on the Gold Coast right now that can compete with the combination of scale, quality and amenity."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=6515 project_image_fid=68839]

There's around 2,000 sqm of amenity solely for the use of residents of Chevron One. Club One features a uniquely shaped swimming pool that mirrors the footprint of the building itself, set within a extensively landscaped gardens. There's also an indoor pool and spa, a fully equipped gym with a Pilates room, a yoga garden, a bookable private dining area and lounge that can host up to 30 people, and a 24-hour concierge service.

As for the buyers, Rosenboom is fielding enquiry from everywhere: Sydneysiders and Melburnians looking at the new and off-the-plan market following the changes in the Federal Budget, as well as those looking to relocate, through to South East Queenslanders seeking either a permanent home or a weekender bolthole.

"The Gold Coast lifestyle continues to resonate with people relocating from the southern states, and when they see the views and the quality of what's been delivered at Chevron One, it becomes very easy for them to understand the appeal," Rosenboom says.

A diverse mix of one, two and three-bedroom apartments remain available, with each offering "something a little different", be it the orientation and views, configuration, or level, to suit a wide variety of buyers.

The remaining apartments are ready to inspect in person, by appointment.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=6515]

A decade in the making: Residents to move into Chevron One as construction wraps up

A general rule of thumb in new apartment developments is that the penthouses get the rooftop.

It's a formula that's become commonplace across Australia's apartment market. Residents might have access to a pool, gym or barbecue facilities on a dedicated lower level, but the most desirable outdoor spaces are typically reserved for the highest-priced homes at the top of the building.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/sherpa-property-group">Sherpa Property Group</a> has taken the opposite approach.

Rather than dedicating the rooftop to a handful of buyers, the Gold Coast developer has made it the centrepiece of its Flourish collection, creating expansive shared spaces from the best vantage point in the building.

The philosophy has reached its most ambitious expression at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/flourish-soleira-palm-beach-1150-1160-gold-coast-highway-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Soleira</a> in Palm Beach, where two rooftop precincts connected by a skybridge will deliver one of the most extensive lifestyle offerings seen in a residential apartment project on the Gold Coast.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=374053]

"We're seeing a clear move toward developments that offer more than just an apartment," Sherpa Group founder Christie Leet said.

"People want spaces that support how they actually live, whether that's working from home, staying active, or spending time with family and friends.

"That's where amenity becomes critical. It's not just about what's included, but how those spaces are designed to be used every day."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=374052]

The breadth of amenity has already attracted buyers across multiple demographics. Younger first home buyers have been drawn to Soleira's one-bedroom apartments, a product rarely delivered in Palm Beach, while families have responded to practical inclusions such as the shallow children's pool adjoining the main lap pool and the extensive communal recreation areas.

Instead of a single rooftop, Soleira delivers two distinct lifestyle zones.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=372547]

The southern rooftop has been dedicated to wellness, featuring a gym, yoga and Pilates studio, work-from-home facilities, a wellness centre, spa, and hot and cold plunge pools.

The northern rooftop focuses on recreation and entertaining, incorporating a heated resort-style pool, private dining rooms, pizza ovens, barbecues, a golf simulator, children's recreation areas, and what is expected to be the Gold Coast's first rooftop basketball court, which will also double as a squash court.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=374054]

Beyond the rooftops, Soleira will introduce 1,500 sqm of curated retail beneath the towers, creating one of Palm Beach's first genuinely mixed-use lifestyle precincts where cafés, restaurants and convenience retail become part of residents' everyday lives.

Sherpa has also retained management rights across the development, allowing it to oversee the long-term operation of the building through a 24-hour concierge model. The developer is also exploring additional revenue streams within the precinct aimed at helping offset ongoing body corporate costs for residents.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=370962]

While Soleira is the largest project Sherpa has delivered, the rooftop-first philosophy has been evolving for several years.

It began with <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/amargo-6-12-sixth-avenue-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Amargo</a>, the first project released under the Flourish brand. Rather than competing at the ultra-luxury end of the market with oversized half-floor and full-floor residences, Sherpa focused on creating lifestyle-driven apartments supported by resort-style shared spaces.

Amargo introduced more than 800 sqm of rooftop amenity, combining wellness facilities, heated pools, entertaining areas, cabanas, pizza ovens and private dining spaces into what was designed as an extension of residents' homes rather than a facility used only occasionally.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=146527 project_image_fid=366550]

That approach continued with Flourish Oasis, where the same amenity-led philosophy was refined into a more boutique development. Strong demand from Sherpa's growing VIP database saw much of the project sold before it reached the broader market, reinforcing buyer appetite for apartment communities centred around shared lifestyle experiences.

Flourish Amargo is slated for completion mid-way-through next year, with Oasis to be delivered by late 2027. Flourish Soleira is expected to complete in 2030.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=150017]

Sherpa takes amenity to the sky as Flourish Soleira captures booming Palm Beach demand

Superannuation

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Fractional property investment company DomaCom has been approved by Trustee Partners for the inclusion of the DomaCom Fund as an investment option for their retail Superannuation Fund.
Trustee Partners currently offer 33 domestic and global managed funds managed by 17 leading fund managers. DomaCom will join this list to provide access to Australian residential, commercial and farmland property delivering further diversification.
DomaCom CEO Arthur Naoumidis said accessing retail super is another significant first for DomaCom, further broadening their potential in the retail space.
"Most advisers have a significant proportion of their clients in retail super who have not been able to access the DomaCom Fund until now," he said.
“DomaCom has the ability to pave the way for creating thematic investment funds to give investors earnings potential in otherwise difficult to access assets such as residential property and farmland. For those interested in investments with impact we can also offer affordable housing, energy and other socially responsible investments”.
Andrew Peterson, CEO of Trustee Partners, says it is a unique offering for financial advisers and their clients.
“Financial Advisers can now create their own white labelled retail super offerings that include direct property using the DomaCom solution and Trustee Partners."
To read more about DomaCom <a href="https://domacom.com.au/" target="_blank">click here.</a>
 
 
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jrobinson-rf4aSBido9

DomaCom approved for retail super investment

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EXPERT OBSERVER

When the government’s <a href="https://treasury.gov.au/review/retirement-income-review/TOR">retirement incomes review</a> of which I was a part examined superannuation, the age pension and voluntary savings, home ownership had a surprisingly important role.

The home is the largest form of voluntary saving and is far more entwined with super and the pension than might be thought, with threads that travel from homeownership to access to the pension, from homeownership to the size of the pension, and from superannuation to homeownership.

<h2>Homeownership keeps pension costs low</h2>

At present, about 76% of retirees own the homes they live in, about 12% rent and a further 11% either live rent-free with family or are in residential care or another arrangement.

<figure class="align-right zoomable"><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/374112/original/file-20201210-14-tfvimx.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img alt="" sizes=" 600px) 600px, 237px" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/374112/original/file-20201210-14-tfvimx.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=237&amp;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/374112/original/file-20201210-14-tfvimx.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=971&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374112/original/file-20201210-14-tfvimx.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=971&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374112/original/file-20201210-14-tfvimx.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=971&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374112/original/file-20201210-14-tfvimx.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=1220&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374112/original/file-20201210-14-tfvimx.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=1220&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374112/original/file-20201210-14-tfvimx.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=1220&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w"></a>

<figcaption>Retired Australians have been unusually likely to own the homes in which they live.</figcaption></figure>This is an unusually high rate of homeownership by international standards that not only benefits individuals but the public purse.

It lowers age pensioners’ living expenses and lowers the required size of the pension.

At 2.4% of gross domestic product, Australia has one of the lowest-cost age pension schemes in the OECD.

But there are indications that homeownership is on the decline.

People are entering the workforce, marrying, forming households and buying their first home later in life.

Between 1981 and 2016 the average age at which Australians purchased a home climbed from 24 to 33.

As a consequence, the average age at which mortgages were paid out climbed from 52 to 62.

Now, one in every ten retired Australians enters retirement with a mortgage.

<h2>Wealth tied up in homes escapes the assets test</h2>

As wealth tied up in housing is exempt from the age pension assets test, it is for many people a preferred form of retirement saving.

At present, around 15% of age pensioners live in homes valued at more than A$1 million, although these figures partly reflect Sydney and Melbourne property prices which have escalated over recent years.

These retirees are often “asset rich and income poor”, having chosen to store their wealth in an asset that doesn’t pay income.

They do well out of the pension. One fifth of age pension expenditure goes to the wealthiest two fifths of retirees.

<h2>Non-homeowners live poorly</h2>

Non-homeowners, on the other hand, are among those most likely to experience poverty in retirement.

Commonwealth Rent Assistance helps with the rent of those reliant on the pension and other payments and is much more targeted than the pension, with 90% going to the poorest fifth of retirees.

But the indexation of rent assistance payments to the consumer price index instead of rents for more than three decades has eroded their value to the point where they now cover less than half the rental costs of the people who get them.

Boosting rent assistance would help, but it is only part of the solution.

<hr>
Income poverty rates of retirees

<figure class="align-center zoomable"><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/374098/original/file-20201210-15-u79lct.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img alt="" sizes=" 600px) 600px, 237px" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/374098/original/file-20201210-15-u79lct.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/374098/original/file-20201210-15-u79lct.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=263&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374098/original/file-20201210-15-u79lct.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=263&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374098/original/file-20201210-15-u79lct.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=263&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374098/original/file-20201210-15-u79lct.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=331&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374098/original/file-20201210-15-u79lct.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=331&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374098/original/file-20201210-15-u79lct.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=331&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w"></a>

<figcaption>Retirement Incomes Review, <a class="source" href="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static_files/files/1371/Retirement_Incomes_Review_notes.pdf?1607569573">notes</a></figcaption></figure><hr>
Other parts of the solution include increasing the supply and affordability of housing, creating a market in longer-term rental contracts, and boosting access to public housing, outside the terms of the review.

<h2>Super supports home ownership</h2>

Super gets diverted into financing homeownership in three ways.

First, voluntary contributions can be <a href="https://www.ato.gov.au/Individuals/Super/Withdrawing-and-using-your-super/First-Home-Super-Saver-Scheme/">redrawn</a> by first homebuyers for the purpose of a home deposit, for a sum of up to $15,000 from any one year and up to up to a maximum of $30,000 plus earnings across all years.

<figure class="align-right zoomable"><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/374121/original/file-20201210-15-3dwmaw.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img alt="" sizes=" 600px) 600px, 237px" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/374121/original/file-20201210-15-3dwmaw.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=237&amp;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/374121/original/file-20201210-15-3dwmaw.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=971&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374121/original/file-20201210-15-3dwmaw.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=971&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374121/original/file-20201210-15-3dwmaw.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=971&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374121/original/file-20201210-15-3dwmaw.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=1220&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374121/original/file-20201210-15-3dwmaw.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=1220&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/374121/original/file-20201210-15-3dwmaw.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=1220&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w"></a>

<figcaption>Super encourages people to borrow.</figcaption></figure>For couples, this can provide up to $60,000 plus earnings to buy a house.

Second, retirees can make a <a href="https://www.ato.gov.au/Individuals/Super/Growing-your-super/Adding-to-your-super/Downsizing-contributions-into-superannuation/">downsizer contribution</a> into their super fund of up to $300,000 per person from the proceeds of selling one home to buy another. Such contributions don’t count towards their super contributions caps.

The third way in which super is financing home ownership is the increasing tendency for people to use their super payouts on retirement to pay out their mortgages.

In addition there is what’s known as the “wealth effect”, a phenomenon seen in contributory pension systems around the world.

Research conducted for the review found that increasing compulsory super balances increase household wealth and provide a degree of <a href="https://cdn.theconversation.com/static_files/files/1372/What_is_the_relationship_between_voluntary_savings_and_changes_to_the_SG_Ummul_Ruthbah_and_Nga_Pham?1607572962">confidence</a> for households to increase debt to invest in property, knowing that superannuation savings can be accessed to extinguish debt in the future and that the residential home is not counted in the age pension assets test.

<hr>
Read more: <a href="https://theconversation.com/what-matters-is-the-home-review-finds-most-retirees-well-off-some-very-badly-off-150465">What matters is the home: review finds most retirees well off, some very badly off</a> 

<hr>
Over a four-year period, it was found that a $1 contribution to compulsory super increased net household wealth by $2.51, through an increase in super wealth of $1.51 plus an increase in housing wealth of $1.21, offset by a 51 cent decline in non-super, non-housing savings.

In each of these ways super makes a contribution to homeownership. The review did not conclude there was a case for allowing further withdrawals from super to enable it to more.

<h2>Homes can contribute to retirement incomes</h2>

For typical homeowner at retirement, home equity represents about two to three times as much of their wealth as does super.

It ought to make accessing the equity in the home through a schemes such as the government’s <a href="https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/individuals/services/centrelink/pension-loans-scheme">Pension Loans Scheme</a> attractive.

As an example, drawing down $5,000 each year against the equity in a $500,000 home would eat into only a quarter of its value by the time retiree reached 92.

Consumer protections around the pension loans scheme and other reverse mortgage products limit loan to value ratios, ensure that retirees have guaranteed occupancy and can’t run up negative equity in their homes.

<h2>It’s time to use them</h2>

These schemes are at last becoming more popular, perhaps in part to the growing proportion of lifetime income tied up in homes, a figure that has grown from about 6% in the mid 1990s to around 16% for homes bought today.

Homes are a critical part of the retirement system. They are not only a place to live, but are a substantial part of householder wealth and should be considered when planning retirement income. Especially for those older Australians who have not had the benefit of higher superannuation contributions over their working lives.

<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/deborah-ralston-107436">Deborah Ralston</a>, Professorial fellow, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/monash-university-1065">Monash University</a>

This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/home-ownership-and-super-are-far-more-entwined-than-you-might-think-151693">original article</a>.
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The home is the largest form of voluntary saving and is far more entwined with super and the pension than might be thought

Home ownership and super are far more entwined than you might think

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Mudasir Mohammed Naseeruddin (commonly referred to as Naseer or Mudasir) appeared in the Melbourne Magistrates Court charged last week facing seven counts of dishonest conduct.
Mr Naseeruddin was also charged with two counts of failing to exercise his power as a director and discharge his duty in good faith under the Corporations Act.
ASIC alleges that Naseeruddin dishonestly obtained superannuation funds from investors based on false representations, including representations that the funds would be invested in property development.
Naseeruddin was a director of Secure Investments Pty Ltd (Secure Investments) and Aquila Group Pty Ltd (Aquila) (both in liquidation).
ASIC also alleges that Mr Naseeruddin misused his position as a director of Secure Investments for his own benefit by using funds invested with the company to purchase shares for himself in a security company.
Each offence currently carries a maximum penalty of up to 15 years imprisonment.
The matter is being prosecuted by the Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions after a referral from ASIC.
The matter was adjourned to the Melbourne Magistrates’ Court for committal mention hearing to April 6 next year.
It was in May 2020 that ASIC commenced civil proceedings and obtained urgent interim orders in the Federal Court against Naseeruddin, Secure Investments and Aquila due to concerns of misleading and deceptive conduct and the operation of an illegal managed investment scheme.
In October 2020, ASIC obtained orders to wind up Secure Investments and Aquila and declarations that Naseeruddin had operated a financial services business without the appropriate licence.
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j.ballantyne1990-6AQqhLzZaK

Secure Investments/Aqulia Group director faces seven counts of dishonesty

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The Federal Court of Australia has ordered two entities in NAB’s wealth management division to pay a total $57.5 million penalty after the Court found that NULIS Nominees (Australia) Limited (NULIS) and MLC Nominees Pty Ltd (MLC Nominees) made false and misleading representations to superannuation members.
It was about their entitlement to charge plan service fees and members’ obligations to pay the fees.
The court also made declarations that MLC Nominees and NULIS failed to ensure that their financial services were provided efficiently, honestly and fairly.
MLC Nominees will pay a total penalty of $49.5 million for its contraventions.
NULIS will pay a penalty of $8 million for its contraventions.
Between 8 September 2012 and 30 June 2016, MLC Nominees misled members in the MasterKey Product and deducted approximately $33.6 million in Plan Service Fees from approximately 220,000 members of MasterKey Business Super (MKBS) and MasterKey Personal Super (MKPS), divisions of the MasterKey Product, who did not have a Plan Adviser.
Between 8 September 2012 and 30 September 2018, MLC Nominees and NULIS misled members and deducted approximately $71.9m Plan Service Fees from approximately 457,000 members of MasterKey Personal Super linked to Plan Advisers where Plan Advisers were not required to provide services and members did not receive services or any services they could not otherwise obtain for free.
The Federal Court made declarations to the effect that NULIS and MLC Nominees breached the ASIC Act for misleading and deceptive conduct and by making false or misleading representations, for which the civil penalties have been ordered.
The contravening conduct was done by MLC Nominees’ and NULIS’ in their failure to inform members that, when they transferred from MKBS to MKPS, they could “turn off” their plan service fee.
Other declarations related to failing to comply with the financial services laws, for misleading and deceptive conduct and for issuing a defective Product Disclosure Statement.
The court ordered that the defendants’ pay ASIC’s costs of the proceedings.
In his decision, Justice Yates described NULIS and MLC Nominees’ contraventions of s12DB of the ASIC Act as “very serious.”
ASIC deputy chair Daniel Crennan QC noted it was the largest total penalty yet imposed in a civil action filed by ASIC.
‘Fees for no service conduct is particularly egregious, having resulted in substantial financial loss for thousands of unsuspecting consumers.
"ASIC will continue to bring enforcement action against this misconduct and other case studies from the Financial Services Royal Commission.
"This demonstrates our resolve to deliver on the public’s expectation that we hold wrongdoers of all dimensions to account."
ASIC acknowledges that MLC Nominees and NULIS made admissions of liability during the proceedings and notes that this cooperation was taken into account by Justice Yates in determining the penalty.
<h2>Download</h2>
<a href="https://download.asic.gov.au/media/5783217/australian-securities-and-investments-commission-v-mlc-nominees-pty-ltd-2020-fca-1306.pdf" target="_blank">Download the full judgment</a>
<h2>Background</h2>
MLC Nominees was the Trustee of The Universal Super Scheme (TUSS) until 30 June 2016. TUSS became the MLC Super Fund and NULIS was the Trustee of the MLC Super Fund from 1 July 2016. The MasterKey Product was an MLC branded corporate superannuation product established as part of TUSS (and subsequently part of the MLC Super Fund).
ASIC commenced proceedings against NULIS and MLC Nominees on 6 September 2018 (18-259MR). Although these proceedings commenced before the publication of the Financial Services Royal Commission Volume 2 Final Report, NULIS was a Superannuation Case Study.
The maximum penalty per contravention at the time the unlawful conduct occurred ranged from $1.1m to $2.1million. The maximum penalty per contravention for conduct of this kind occurring after 13 March 2019 was increased by Parliament to the greater of $10.5million, three times the benefit obtained or 10% of the company’s annual turnover. Increased maximum penalties also apply to contraventions of s912A Corporations Act occurring after 13 March 2019 which did not attract civil penalties before this date.
Between October 2016 and June 2017, NULIS remediated No-Adviser members approximately $35.9m (including interest and less fund tax of $6m). As at 30 April 2019, a further total of $178,101 (excluding fund tax) was remediated to a further 1,120 No-Adviser member accounts.
By 31 May 2019, NULIS had paid $116,659,241 (excluding fund tax) to No-Adviser members and Linked Members.
ASIC also imposed, by consent, additional licence obligations on NULIS in January 2017 following its inquires in relation to several breach reports, including the Plan Service Fee.
ASIC has been monitoring remediation for fees for no service failures by financial services institutions including NAB and its associated entities (18-229MR, 20-028MR).
This was the first enforcement action commenced by ASIC concerning fees for no service (FFNS) activity. In 2019, ASIC also commenced civil penalty proceedings in the Federal Court against NAB itself for alleged contraventions of the ASIC Act and the Corporations Act for FFNS activity. These proceedings are being case managed by the court to trial, a date is yet to be scheduled (19-360MR).
In August 2020, ASIC commenced civil penalty proceedings in the Federal Court against State Super Financial Services Australia Limited for charging at least 36,592 members fees for financial advice that StatePlus promised it would provide but did not provide (20-189MR).
Also in August 2020, ASIC commenced civil penalty proceedings in the Federal Court against Asgard Capital Management Limited for charging adviser fees to 404 customers for financial advice that was not provided and also against Asgard and BT Funds Management Limited for making misleading representations in half-yearly or annual account statements regarding the charging of the adviser fees (20-190MR).
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NAB superannuation trustee companies to pay $57.5 million penalty for fees for no service breaches: ASIC 

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GUEST OBSERVER
We’ve heard a lot about what the present crisis will do to <a href="https://propertyupdate.com.au/coronavirus-how-will-it-impact-australias-property-markets/">home</a> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/mar/16/how-will-coronavirus-affect-australias-real-estate-market-and-house-prices">prices</a>, less about what it will do to <a href="https://www.commercialrealestate.com.au/news/office-property-now-in-covid-19-firing-line-969479/">commercial property</a> prices.
Commercial properties include office buildings, shopping centres, hotels and warehouses.
They account for <a href="https://www.superannuation.asn.au/ArticleDocuments/269/SuperStats-Jun2020.pdf.aspx?Embed=Y">8%</a> of the assets of Australian super funds.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/351238/original/file-20200805-237-3qmk3f.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/351238/original/file-20200805-237-3qmk3f.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
Melbourne’s Wesley Place commercial precinct is owned by a property trust.
If their values drop (and they are falling) it will affect all of us, especially those about to retire or already retired.
Until COVID-19, commercial properties were widely regarded as safe investments. They offered both reliable income streams and capital gains as population growth increased the value of scarce real estate.
With the return on government bonds falling <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-government-has-just-sold-15-billion-of-31-year-bonds-but-what-actually-is-a-bond-143598">below 1%</a> they ought to be becoming more attractive, but offices are empty, their future uncertain, high end shopping centres are receiving less traffic, and hotels have entire floors unused.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/351240/original/file-20200805-24-17539g9.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/351240/original/file-20200805-24-17539g9.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
In July the number of mobile phones active in Sydney’s central business district was down <a href="https://www.roymorgan.com/findings/8486-roy-morgan-ubermedia-covid-19-movement-sydney-june-27-2020-202008040143">52%</a> on January and February. In Melbourne’s CBD, before the stage 4 lockdown, mobile phone traffic was down <a href="https://www.roymorgan.com/findings/8476-roy-morgan-ubermedia-covid-19-movement-melbourne-july-28-2020-202007270623">65%</a>.
<a href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/data-centres-in-hot-demand-with-remote-working-on-the-rise-20200804-p55ih6">Data centres</a> are among the few commercial property bright spots – we are moving more data – along with distribution centres and <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/neighbourhood-malls-flourish-as-shoppers-stay-local-20200723-p55eto">regional shopping centres</a> – we are shopping online and closer to home.
Over the course of the year the values of commercial property trusts listed on the Australian Securities Exchange have slid <a href="https://www.asx.com.au/asx/share-price-research/company/DXS">29%</a>, <a href="https://www.asx.com.au/asx/share-price-research/company/GPT">32%</a>, <a href="https://www.asx.com.au/asx/share-price-research/company/MGR">34%</a>,<a href="https://www.asx.com.au/asx/share-price-research/company/SCG">48%</a>, <a href="https://www.asx.com.au/asx/share-price-research/company/VCX#company-top">52%</a>, and <a href="https://www.asx.com.au/asx/share-price-research/company/URW">69%</a>.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/351242/original/file-20200805-24-p5j3b2.JPG?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/351242/original/file-20200805-24-p5j3b2.JPG?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
Share price of GPT Group. GPT owns and manages retail, office and logistics properties. 
For super funds with 8% of their assets in commercial property, a decline of 25% in values knocks 2% off their assets — A$54 billion across the industry as a whole.
In the only other big downturn since the advent of Australia’s superannuation system, the global financial crisis, commercial property offered the funds stability while shares were volatile.
Not so this time. The value of the commercial property is diving along with the stock market with just as uncertain a future.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/143824/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;">
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/theodore-connell-variy-1142418">Theodore Connell-Variy</a>, Lecturer, School of Property, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/rmit-university-1063">RMIT University</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/tony-mcgough-1142730">Tony McGough</a>, Senior Lecturer, Property, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/rmit-university-1063">RMIT University</a>
This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/warning-what-covid-is-doing-to-commercial-property-it-is-about-to-do-to-super-funds-143824">original article</a>.
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What COVID is doing to commercial property it is about to do to super funds

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GUEST OBSERVATION
Discussions about Australia’s retirement income system typically begin by reciting the political slogan that there are “three pillars” to the system — the age pension, compulsory super, and voluntary savings.
It was the way the Abbott and Turnbull government’s <a href="https://slideplayer.com/slide/4872297/" target="_blank">tax inquiry</a> looked at retirement incomes, and a frame of reference used by this government’s <a href="https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-11/c2019-36292-v2.pdf" target="_blank">retirement income system review</a>.
Missing is discussion of what makes something a “retirement pillar”.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/313028/original/file-20200131-41495-b580y4.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip" target="_blank"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/313028/original/file-20200131-41495-b580y4.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
<a class="source" href="https://slideplayer.com/slide/4872297/" target="_blank">Treasury tax white paper slideshow, 2015</a>
It’s possible to think of other retirement pillars. Moving to India for a cheap lifestyle would be one.
Requiring retailers to <a href="https://www.fresheconomicthinking.com/2020/01/the-easiest-retirement-system-retiree" target="_blank">provide the elderly free goods and services</a>, with the cost absorbed in the prices paid by others could be another.
To be a pillar, something would have to allocate goods and services in retirement to people who are no longer earning wages.
In my <a href="https://www.fresheconomicthinking.com/p/scrap-superannuation" target="_blank">recently released report</a> I argue that superannuation fails this test.
Super isn’t a retirement pillar
Among other things, super can be spent many years before retirement, beginning anywhere from age <a href="https://www.ato.gov.au/Super/Self-managed-super-funds/Paying-benefits/Preservation-of-super/" target="_blank">55 to 60</a>, even though the retirement age specified the pension legislation is <a href="https://www.humanservices.gov.au/individuals/services/centrelink/age-pension/who-can-get-it" target="_blank">66 to 67</a>.
Many financial planners advise intending retirees to spend a lot of their super quickly in order to shelter it in income-test-exempt assets <a href="https://www.yourlifechoices.com.au/finance/property/how-upsizing-protects-your-pension" target="_blank">such as housing</a> and qualify for the pension.
The super system also can’t guarantee retirement incomes for people who are self-employed, casually employed, homemakers, have chosen their super fund unwisely or lost the proceeds in things such as online romance scams.
As a system, super comes with unnecessary financial risks, such as suddenly losing 21% of its funds, as happened between September 2007 and March 2009 during the global financial crisis.
It is better thought of as a growth-sapping, resource-wasting, tax-advantaged asset purchase scheme aimed at the already wealthy, which is <a href="https://theconversation.com/myth-busted-boosting-super-would-cost-the-budget-more-than-it-saved-on-age-pensions-119002" target="_blank">unlikely to do much</a> to reduce reliance on the age pension.
We would be better off abandoning it and letting workers spend or save their money as they see fit.
The super system is inefficient
The superannuation system employs <a href="https://www.ibisworld.com.au/industry-trends/market-research-reports/financial-insurance-services/superannuation-funds" target="_blank">55,000 people</a> at a cost of <a href="https://www.selectingsuper.com.au/superannuation-fees-fall-for-the-first-time-in-six-years" target="_blank">A$32 billion</a> per year to produce <a href="https://www.apra.gov.au/quarterly-superannuation-statistics" target="_blank">$40 billion</a> per year in retirement incomes. This is nearly as many people as the enlisted Australian Defence Force (58,000) with a similar total cost ($34 billion).
The rest of Australia’s entire welfare system, including administering the age pension, disability, unemployment benefits and Medicare, costs just $6 billion per year and employs <a href="https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018/10/8802-1810-annual-report-web-2017-2018.pdf" target="_blank">33,000 people</a>, while providing <a href="https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018/10/8802-1810-annual-report-web-2017-2018.pdf">$45 billion</a> in pension benefits.
It directs money where it isn’t needed...
Each year the superannuation system takes in <a href="https://www.apra.gov.au/quarterly-superannuation-statistics" target="_blank">$117 billion</a> and spits out <a href="https://www.apra.gov.au/sites/default/files/Quarterly%20Superannuation%20Performance%20Statistics%20September%202019_0.pdf" target="_blank">$80 billion</a> in payments (including lump sum withdrawals), leaving $38 billion in asset markets, sapping spending and economic growth. That’s roughly as much as the <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/saving-the-nation-20090203-7wsb" target="_blank">$40 billion</a> stimulus package introduced during the 2009 financial crisis. Unlike it, the super system depresses rather than stimulates the economy.
Unlike the super system, the age pension system is likely to stimulate the economy because it takes purchasing power away from high-income taxpayers with a relatively low likelihood of spending extra dollars to to lower-income pensioners with a high likelihood of spending them.
…and away from those who do need it
Unlike the age pension system, the super system can’t provide poverty relief, or broadly adequate retirement incomes.
For the bottom 40% of earners it does the opposite of smoothing income, making them poorer than they would have been while working, and somewhat <a href="https://theconversation.com/super-shock-more-compulsory-super-would-make-middle-australia-poorer-not-richer-120002">richer</a> than they would have been while on the pension and retired.
The <a href="https://treasury.gov.au/publication/p2020-51153" target="_blank">$18 billion</a> of tax breaks on super fund contributions and <a href="https://treasury.gov.au/publication/p2020-51153" target="_blank">$20 billion</a> of tax breaks on super fund earnings are predominately directed to <a href="https://treasury.gov.au/programs-and-initiatives-superannuation/distributional-analysis-of-superannuation-taxation-concessions" target="_blank">high income earners</a>.
In a comprehensive study released this week the Grattan Institute has demolished the claim that super contributions come out of employers pockets. Instead it finds that, on average, <a href="https://grattan.edu.au/report/no-free-lunch/" target="_blank">80%</a> of each super contribution comes out of what would have been wages.
Here’s how to escape it
Scrapping the system altogether would massively improve Australia’s economic performance, including the performance of our only true retirement income system, which is the age pension.
It can be done by forcing employers to pay what are now super contributions directly into wage accounts and allowing super fund holders to withdraw up to a maximum amount each year during a transition period, after which all super balances would receive no special tax treatment.
The tens of billions saved in the budget could be used to enhance the size and scope of the age pension. It could incorporate <a href="https://theconversation.com/fall-in-ageing-australians-home-ownership-rates-looms-as-seismic-shock-for-housing-policy-120651" target="_blank">appropriate rent assistance</a> and begin at age 60 instead of 67.
It’s possible. Certainly, there would be job losses, but in other industries we have come to accept that there is no point in continuing to pay people to do things that aren’t needed, and especially no point in making those payments compulsory.
It’d be one of the best things we could do to enhance the working of our economy.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/130191/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;">
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/cameron-murray-172480" target="_blank">Cameron Murray</a>, Research Fellow - Henry Halloran Trust, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-sydney-841" target="_blank">University of Sydney</a>
This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/superannuation-isnt-a-retirement-income-system-we-should-scrap-it-130191" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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Superannuation isn't a retirement income system, we should scrap it: Cameron Murray

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GUEST OBSERVATION
A key question for the government’s retirement incomes <a href="https://treasury.gov.au/review/retirement-income-review" target="_blank">review</a> is who ultimately pays for compulsory super contributions, especially since they are set to climb from 9.5% of wages to 12% over the next five years.
Legally, they come from employers, on top of wages. But employers’ contributions have to come from somewhere. Compulsory super was introduced in 1992 with the <a href="https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-10/afts_retirement_incomes_consultation_paper.pdf">intention</a> they would come out of funds that would otherwise have been paid out as wage increases.
Modelling by the <a href="https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-09/foi_2534_document_set_for_release_re.pdf" target="_blank">Treasury</a>, <a href="https://grattan.edu.au/report/money-in-retirement/" target="_blank">Grattan Institute</a>, and the <a href="https://www.cis.org.au/app/uploads/2016/08/32-3-potter-michael.pdf" target="_blank">private sector</a> has long assumed that is what has happened.
But until now there has been scant empirical evidence about who actually pays, and against the backdrop of chronic low wage growth and the imminent increases, the conventional wisdom has come <a href="https://www.futurework.org.au/abandoning_super_increases_won_t_boost_wages" target="_blank">under attack</a>.
Today’s new Grattan Institute study, <a href="https://grattan.edu.au/report/no-free-lunch/" target="_blank">No free lunch: higher superannuation means lower wages</a> fills the gap.
In an Australian first, it examines detailed data on 80,000 enterprise bargaining agreements over the three decades of compulsory super and concludes that, on average, 80% of each increase in compulsory super has been taken from what would otherwise have been wage increases.
Increases super comes from wages
In theory, super contributions could come from three sources:
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<li>
workers, through lower wage growth
</li>
<li>
consumers, through higher prices
</li>
<li>
investors, through lower profits.
</li>
</ul>
International <a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3435377" target="_blank">studies</a> of similar schemes find that most, if not all, of the cost is borne by workers through lower wage growth.
Our study examined administrative microdata on 80,000 enterprise bargaining agreements filed between 1991 and 2018 sourced from the <a href="/news">Workplace Agreements Database</a> maintained by the attorney general’s department.
We compared agreements whose terms spanned leglislated increases in compulsory super with those that did not.
Then we estimated what the wage rise in each agreement ought to have been based on detailed information about the agreement, the employer’s industry, and economic conditions at the time it was negotiated.
We were able to see whether there was a systematic difference in wage rises between the agreements that spanned step-up increases in compulsory super and those that did not.
On average 80% of the cost of increased compulsory super contributions was passed on to workers through lower wage rises than would have been expected over the life of those agreements. The long-term impact is likely to have been higher.
The graph shows the overall finding using data from 1992 to 2018 and also the results from subsets of the including the private or public sectors, big and small firms and the period since 1997.
In each case somewhere between most and all of the cost of super increases was passed through to workers in the form of lower wage increases.
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On average, 80% of super increases were at the expense of wages
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/313024/original/file-20200131-41495-1ahpb28.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/313024/original/file-20200131-41495-1ahpb28.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
Notes: see report. Source: No free lunch Higher superannuation means lower wages, Grattan Institute, February 2020
It isn’t only enterprise agreements
Our study looked only at workers on federally-registered enterprise bargaining agreements, around <a href="https://www.ag.gov.au/industrial-relations/industrial-relations-publications/Documents/trends-report-june-quarter-2019.pdf" target="_blank">30%</a> of the workforce. Other workers are also likely to bear the cost of higher super through lower wages.
The Fair Work Commission – the body which sets award wages – has made the link between super increases and award wages <a href="https://www.fwc.gov.au/documents/sites/wagereview2013/decisions/2013fwcfb4000_statement.pdf" target="_blank">explicit</a>, saying that when super goes up, award wages grow more slowly than they otherwise would.
State enterprise agreements are unlikely to differ much from federal agreements, and workers covered by one-on-one arrangements are likely to experience similar trade-offs.
Future super increases are unlikely to be different
It is unlikely the leglislated future step ups in compulsory super contributions will be different from the earlier ones.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/265468/original/file-20190324-36267-olwp2z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/265468/original/file-20190324-36267-olwp2z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=237&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
<a href="https://www.ato.gov.au/rates/key-superannuation-rates-and-thresholds/?anchor=Superguaranteepercentage" target="_blank">Source: Australian Tax Office</a>
Although wage growth is slower now than in the past, wages are nevertheless – by all measures – growing by more than 2% a year, offering ample room for employers to wind back wage increases in order to fund each of the five scheduled annual step ups of 0.5% in compulsory super contributions that begin on July 1, 2021.
In fact, if workers’ bargaining power has fallen recently - <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace/lack-of-competition-between-employers-contributes-to-weaker-wages-20180902-p50197" target="_blank">as some suggest</a> - employers might feel they can push even more of the cost of higher super onto workers than in the past.
Our analysis shows previous increases in compulsory super came mainly from wages: they took money that would have been handed to workers as wage increases and handed it to fund managers to hold and invest until those workers retired.
The next set of legislated increases are likely to do the same.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/130797/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/brendan-coates-154644" target="_blank">Brendan Coates</a>, Program Director, Household Finances, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/grattan-institute-1168" target="_blank">Grattan Institute</a>; <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/matthew-cowgill-729072" target="_blank">Matthew Cowgill</a>, Senior Associate, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/grattan-institute-1168" target="_blank">Grattan Institute</a>, and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/will-mackey-604500" target="_blank">Will Mackey</a>, Associate, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/grattan-institute-1168" target="_blank">Grattan Institute</a>
This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/think-superannuation-comes-from-employers-pockets-it-comes-from-yours-130797" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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Superannuation comes from your pockets, not your employers

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As part of a $200 million investment from First State Super to address the issue of key worker affordable housing in Australia, the Fund has announced the acquisition of 55 new units, 6km from the CBD.
This brings the Fund’s total commitment to affordable housing to nearly $200 million in NSW and Victoria; believed to be the largest investment in key worker affordable housing by any institutional investor in Australia.
Victorian Minister for Housing, the Honourable Richard Wynne MP, joined First State Super CEO Deanne Stewart and several healthcare industry representatives for the first official tour of the Moonee Ponds development on 30 January. Mr Wynne congratulated First State Super for its efforts to address the affordable housing pressure facing many key workers.
The rental properties will be available for key workers (healthcare, aged care, disability services, teachers, law enforcement, emergency services, childcare and associated industries) to rent at 80 per cent of the market rate for the area and boast short commutes to several leading Melbourne hospitals and schools.
Nine out of every 10 hospital workers in Melbourne live more than 4 kilometres from their work and face an average commute time of 47 minutes, 32 per cent longer than the state average. For health and social service workers in Melbourne, that commute time increases to 56 minutes, 38 per cent longer than the state average for their industry.
First State Super has for some time been investigating how we can be part of the solution to the housing affordability issues many members and other key workers who care for and protect our community, face in cities such as Sydney and Melbourne.
We now have four other similar investments in NSW and will shortly commence construction on our next project in Miranda NSW.
Located in the leafy suburb of Moonee Ponds, the new apartments are in close proximity of major health facilities including Royal Melbourne Hospital, Royal Children's Hospital, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Women’s Hospital; as well as 15 primary and secondary schools.
In addition to the new Moonee Ponds investment, First State Super has purchased 35 residential units located in Hurstville (15km from CBD), 17 residential units located in Waterloo (4km from CBD), 61 residential units in Epping (22km from CBD), and 35 residential units in Northmead (27km from CBD) across NSW.
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First State Super addresses housing stress in Victoria's workers

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APRA's MySuper heat map, released yesterday, has highlighted the best and worst super funds. People with less than $10,000 in their superannuation accounts are losing as much as 4.4 percent of their savings to annual fees charged by fund administrators, new data from the prudential regulator shows.
<a href="https://www.apra.gov.au/mysuper-product-heatmap" target="_blank">The heat map</a> also shows the large lead the large industry super funds have over their retail counterparts when it comes to outcomes.
AMIST, Energy Super, First State Super, HESTA, Media Super, MTAA Super, Super, Sunsuper, Equipsuper, UniSuper, Cbus and Vision Super were given strong ratings across all rating categories.
But the nation's largest fund, the $167 billion AustralianSuper copped a red mark, given its administration fees it charges to members with account balances of $10,000 or less.
Well ranked corporate superannuation products included Brookfield Australia MySuper, Macquarie Group MySuper and Woolworths Group MySuper.
The benchmarks judged investment performance, fees and costs and the sustainability of member outcomes.
The heatmap - which is colour coded so that red denotes lower performance and higher fees - provides an assessment of MySuper products, which are meant to be low cost and simple superannuation options.
Among the worst performers were BEST Superannuation at 3.79 per cent, First Super at 1.78 per cent, the Pitcher Retirement Plan at 1.73 per cent, IAG and NRMA at 1.59 per cent and the AMP Retirement Trust at 1.54 per cent.
Among the worst performers on five-year net investment returns per annum, were Pitcher Retirement at 5.85 per cent, Energy Industries Super with 6.19 per cent and Maritime Super at 6.23 per cent.
Two products offered by Mine Super, a fund run for miners by unions and employers, were among the worst performance.
The Financial Services Council warned that the MySuper heatmap should not be used to rank superannuation products.
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The best and worst super funds: APRA

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GUEST OBSERVATION
Asked to conduct an independent review of Australia’s retirement income system, the panel appointed by treasurer Josh Frydenberg reported on Friday that it was all tied up with the family home.
At every age range, Australians have more money saved through home ownership than they do through superannuation or anything else, much more:
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/303077/original/file-20191122-113002-271u7h.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/303077/original/file-20191122-113002-271u7h.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
<a class="source" href="https://www.treasury.gov.au/consultation/c2019-36292" target="_blank">Retirement Income Review consultation paper, November 22, 2019</a>.
The report is a <a href="https://www.treasury.gov.au/consultation/c2019-36292" target="_blank">consultation paper</a>. The panel wants submissions by February 3.
It raises questions about how retirees without mortgage-free homes cope. The proportion is growing.
In part that’s because prices have skyrocketed. Over the past 20 years home prices have grown at about twice the pace of income.
That is in part because of the growth in migration. About 3.7 million migrants have settled in Australia in the past two decades creating new demand for housing.
It is also because of the growth in credit, much of which went to Australians who already had homes rather than those who didn’t yet have them.
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/303101/original/file-20191122-74580-166ddf7.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/303101/original/file-20191122-74580-166ddf7.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=237&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
And it is also because housing supply has been slow to respond.
But the complex dynamics of high house prices don’t tell the full story.
A wide-ranging review of home ownership just published by the <a href="http://www.cepar.edu.au/news-events/news/housing-ageing-demographic" target="_blank">ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research</a> finds something else at play.
It’s the expansion of our lives.
Living longer, waiting longer
The typical age of a first home-buyer began climbing at the start of the 1980s, after dipping in the 1960s and 1970s as home ownership became widespread.
Between 1981 and 2016 the typical age increased by nine years from age 24 to age 33 at around the peak of the house price boom.
It was accompanied by a deferral in almost every other important life event:
Median age of major lifetime events 1966 - 2016
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/302793/original/file-20191120-496-nobcch.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/302793/original/file-20191120-496-nobcch.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
<a class="source" href="http://www.cepar.edu.au/news-events/news/housing-ageing-demographic" target="_blank">Source: CEPAR Research Brief ’Housing in an Ageing Australia: Nest and nest egg?’</a>
In part this might be because the canvas of our lives has grown. The median age at death has grown by 12 years since the 1960s, from age 70 to 82.
Longer lives have meant longer adolescences and later ages at which we finish studying, find work, and start families.
The typical age of getting a first job is two years later than it was 50 years ago; the typical age of finishing education is five years later, the typical age of having a child is seven years later, and the typical age of getting married is eight years later.
At the same time the typical age of leaving the labour force is only four years later: it has climbed from 61 to 64. It’ll probably have to grow further, because mortgages aren’t typically paid off until age 62, ten years later than in the 1960s.
Delay is the new normal
Australia is not unusual in leaving things til later, even though house prices here have grown more than in most other countries.
There’s something more universal at play. Younger age groups may prefer the flexibility that renting offers. Longer lives mean they have more time to buy their homes. Even the nine year deferral in home purchase we have had so far should still see today’s young generations enjoying home ownership for longer than their parents.
Of course, many will choose not to buy. An increasing minority of mostly low income Australians look like being locked out of the market forever, and many who own homes will surrender them as a result of relationship breakups or other life events.
Some will regain them. Others will retire with mortgage debt: 36% of homeowners do so now, up from 23% ten years ago. Many will use super to pay off debt instead of using it to fund retirement.
Our retirement income system is little help
The odd thing about the pension is that the payment is the same for both owners and renters. In fact, over <a href="https://www.theaustralian.com.au/nation/politics/elderly-in-1mplus-homes-raking-in-63bn-in-pensions/news-story/30cbe2423577d46f5489ec39b673f8f4" target="_blank">A$6 billion</a> of age pension payments go to people living in houses worth more than a million dollars.
Renters receive rental assistance but it is pegged to the wrong index, so it has grown more slowly than rents.
The oft-quoted <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/national/onethird-of-australian-pensioners-live-in-poverty-oecd-report-20160107-gm0uno" target="_blank">statistic</a>, that old-age poverty in Australia is high, is wrong.
But our analysis, which takes account of housing, suggests that old age Australian renters do indeed have some of the worst relative poverty rates in the OECD.
Relative old age poverty rate of renters
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/302796/original/file-20191120-496-1yvp4ii.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/302796/original/file-20191120-496-1yvp4ii.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a>
<a class="source" href="http://www.cepar.edu.au/news-events/news/housing-ageing-demographic" target="_blank">Source: CEPAR Research Brief ’Housing in an Ageing Australia: Nest and nest egg?’</a>
Older renters have greater housing affordability stress than both older home owners and younger renters.
About 37% of renters aged 64-74 have both a low income and pay more than a third of it in rent, up from 21% in 1996.
While increases in homelessness among older women appear to be largely due to greater population numbers, their increased use of homelessness services is disproportionate.
The population of women aged 55+ increased by about 3% per year between 2011 and 2016. Their use of homelessness services increased 11% per year.
Even if the typical Australian continues to become a homeowner by retirement, a growing minority will not, and will be treated poorly by our retirement income system.
The government’s <a href="https://www.treasury.gov.au/consultation/c2019-36292" target="_blank">review of the retirement income system</a> is an opportunity to redress the balance.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/127231/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;">
Rafal Chomik, Senior Research Fellow, ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR), UNSW.
This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/were-delaying-major-life-events-and-our-retirement-income-system-hasnt-caught-up-127231" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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