New apartment developments with uninterrupted, north-facing views over Perth's Swan River are exceptionally rare.

Recognising just how limited those opportunities are, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/edge-visionary-living">Edge Visionary Living</a>, one of Perth's most respected builder-developers, targeted <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/applecross-wa-6153">Applecross</a>, assembling an unrepeatable 6,342 sqm riverfront site on the corner of Moreau Mews and Canning Beach Road to create one of Perth's only new north-facing apartment developments directly overlooking the Swan River.

Today, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/riviere-residences-applecross-59-canning-beach-road-applecross-wa-6153">Rivière Residences</a> offers buyers a unique opportunity to choose between completed residences ready to move into now and off-the-plan homes in the final stage, Rivière West.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=28384 project_image_fid=3823]

Across the completed East and Central buildings, residents are already enjoying the development's luxury amenity, while two of the precinct's hospitality venues are now open.

The completed component of the development gives buyers the advantage of experiencing the finished product firsthand, including its uninterrupted river views, while still having the opportunity to secure a residence in the final stage.

"People are wowed by the view and the quality of the apartments,"&nbsp;Edge Visionary Living Sales Executive, Holly McSweeney, says.

"They're looking for the convenience of lock-and-leave living, but they're not looking to downsize on quality."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=28384 project_image_fid=3826]

The rarity of the development hasn't been lost on prospective buyers, McSweeney says.

For McSweeney, it all comes back to a location that is becoming increasingly difficult to replicate.

"Location, location, location," she says. "We are nestled right on the front of the Swan River. You can never get built out, so wherever you are in Rivière Residences, you've got views of the river forever."

The unique waterfront position has resonated particularly strongly with local downsizers. McSweeney says many buyers are long-time Applecross residents looking to transition from large family homes into a luxury apartment without sacrificing space, quality or the lifestyle they've enjoyed for decades.

<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/N_FowNW0wu8?si=vb25XFq1wZ-iufAW" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe>

A major focus for Edge in recent years has been resident amenity. Across its apartment portfolio, from beachfront developments in Scarborough to luxury towers in South Perth, the developer has increasingly invested in the spaces beyond the apartment itself.

The strategy has largely been shaped by downsizer demand. Many buyers are moving from large family homes with swimming pools and established gardens. While they're looking to leave the maintenance behind, they don't want to compromise on lifestyle.

At Rivière, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/hillam-architects">Hillam Architects</a> designed the resident facilities as an extension of each apartment. A 25-metre heated swimming pool takes advantage of the north-facing river outlook, complemented by a large gym, sauna and steam rooms, private dining spaces, residents' lounges, a cinema, games room, and dedicated wine and whisky rooms.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=28384 project_image_fid=372542]

The waterfront location has also proved to be a major drawcard. Residents are within walking distance of the Raffles Hotel, South of Perth Yacht Club, the Heathcote Cultural Precinct and the cafés, restaurants and boutiques along Ardross Street.

Beyond the location and amenity, McSweeney says many buyers take confidence from Edge's fully integrated development model.

Having delivered apartments across Perth for decades, Edge now designs, develops and constructs its projects in-house, giving the company greater control over quality, delivery and the finished product.

"What I love is when people walk through their apartment for the first time and say, 'This is better than what we imagined,'" McSweeney says. "We hear that all the time."

Completed apartments in the East and Central buildings are now available to inspect by appointment, while Rivière West, the final stage of the precinct, is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2027.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=28384]

Joel Robinson

North-facing Swan River views drive demand at Rivière Residences in Applecross

Nearly 60 per cent of apartments at McNab Group's $220 million The Tannery development in Brisbane's West End have sold ahead of the project's public launch, including a suburb-record $2.57 million sale for a two-bedroom apartment.

The early sales campaign has secured buyers for 50 of the project's 87 apartments, highlighting continued demand for larger owner-occupier apartments that combine generous floorplans with premium lifestyle amenities in one of Brisbane's most tightly held inner-city suburbs.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=143337 project_image_fid=374768]

McNab Group Executive Chairman Michael McNab said selling more than half the project before launch reflected changing buyer expectations.

"Selling more than half the project before public sales open tells us buyers are actively seeking apartments that offer something genuinely different," McNab said.

"Today's buyers are looking beyond four walls. They want homes that genuinely enhance the way they live, with spaces that support health, connection and everyday wellbeing."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=143337 project_image_fid=374767]

A key point of difference for the project is the adaptive reuse of the heritage-listed Dixon's Tannery building, which will become The Retreat, a residents-only wellness precinct rather than being redeveloped into additional apartments.

The Retreat will feature a sauna and steam room, hot and cold plunge pools, a commercial-grade gym, Pilates studio, cinema, library, co-working spaces and private dining room. Rooftop amenities will include a swimming pool, landscaped gardens, outdoor entertaining areas and dog-friendly spaces.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=143337 project_image_fid=374760]

Designed by Cottee Parker Architects with interiors by Tom Mark Henry and landscape architecture by Aspect Studios, The Tannery comprises 87 two, three and four-bedroom apartments across 11 levels overlooking the Brisbane River.

Cottee Parker principal Dee Passenger said preserving the original tannery building had been central to the project's design.

"The easy option would have been to maximise the site's development potential with additional apartments. Instead, McNab has chosen to preserve the original tannery as a shared wellness retreat, ensuring this important piece of Brisbane's history remains at the heart of the community."

Passenger said sustainability also played a key role in the design, with materials from the original industrial site salvaged and repurposed throughout the development.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=143337 project_image_fid=374761]

Motiv CEO Carly Cottam said buyers had responded strongly to the combination of larger apartments, wellness facilities and the West End lifestyle.

"We are seeing more buyers looking for homes in the sky that provide the space and functionality of a traditional home, while benefiting from the convenience and lifestyle that apartment living brings," Cottam said.

She said purchasers included both owner occupiers and investors, with demand coming from local buyers as well as interstate purchasers.

Coinciding with the public launch, McNab also announced a partnership with Queensland Ballet, whose neighbouring Thomas Dixon Centre shares historical ties with the original Dixon family.

Located on a 4,465 sqm site at 439 Montague Road, The Tannery overlooks the Brisbane River and is around 10 minutes from the CBD.

Construction is underway, with completion expected in the second half of 2027.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=143337]

More than half of residences sold before public sales as McNab announces significant partnership with Queensland Ballet

McNab's The Tannery nears 60 per cent sold before public release, sets two-bedroom West End record

Iwan Sunito's vision for a landmark mixed-use precinct in Sydney's Inner West has taken a major step forward, with approval granted for the $1.9 billion Five Dock development first unveiled earlier this year.

The approved scheme by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/one-global-capital">One Global Capital</a> will deliver an 80,500 sqm mixed-use precinct comprising 840 apartments, integrated hotel accommodation, commercial and retail space, alongside publicly accessible open space designed to create a new destination for the growing suburb.

"This is a significant milestone for One Global Capital and for the future of housing delivery in Sydney," Sunito said.

"The Housing Delivery Authority was established to identify major housing projects capable of delivering meaningful supply more efficiently, and we are delighted that Spencer Street has been recognised as one of those projects.”

He said the declaration reflected the rapid progress achieved since acquiring control of the site.

"In less than seven months we have progressed from taking control of the site to securing entry into one of the NSW Government's most important planning pathways. It reflects the experience of our team, the strength of our consultant group led by Urbis, and our long-term commitment to delivering transformational projects that contribute to Sydney's future."

When the project was revealed earlier this year, Sunito described the opportunity as one of the strongest development sites he had worked on.

"I probably hadn't appreciated the uniqueness of the site until more recently when putting together the concept plans," Sunito said.

"The proximity to the water, and the golf course opposite, is unlike any other part of Parramatta Road. We have a unique position and view corridors over the water that makes this one of the best sites I've worked on."

The development has evolved since its initial announcement, with the approved plans increasing the residential component from the originally proposed 750 apartments to 840 homes while retaining the project's focus on creating an integrated neighbourhood rather than a standalone residential development.

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/nsw/a-city-within-a-city-iwan-sunito-flags-1-5-billion-mixed-use-precinct-in-five-dock">"A city within a city": Iwan Sunito flags $1.5 billion mixed-use precinct in Five Dock</a>

The precinct will combine apartments with hotel accommodation, commercial workplaces, retail offerings and public spaces, creating a mixed-use environment intended to serve both residents and the broader Five Dock community. The proposal also continues the collaboration between One Global Capital and internationally recognised architect <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/koichi-takada-architects">Koichi Takada</a>, whose previous work with Sunito includes Infinity, Arc and Skye North Sydney.

Takada previously said the design was driven by a philosophy of integrating nature into the built environment.

"The concept for this development is born from our design approach to naturalising architecture," Takada said.

"The public realm benefits from biophilic design that integrates generous landscaping, and the development is optimised for natural daylight, airflow and water views to foster wellbeing, sustainability and spaces that foster community interaction."

Sunito has consistently described the project as a "city within a city", with a strong emphasis on creating a destination that extends beyond housing.

"We want to create a development that's not only to be seen, but to be experienced by the whole local community," he said.

The approval comes as Five Dock continues its transformation ahead of the opening of the Sydney Metro West line, with the new Five Dock station set to significantly improve connections between the Inner West, Parramatta and the Sydney CBD.&nbsp;

The precinct will also benefit from its proximity to the Parramatta Road corridor, nearby waterfront parklands and established retail and dining offerings that have made Five Dock one of Sydney's most tightly held Inner West suburbs.

Iwan Sunito secures approval for $1.9 billion Five Dock mixed-use precinct

The new <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/yarraville-green-42-stephen-street-yarraville-vic-3013">Yarraville Green</a> development in Melbourne's inner west is showing that landscaping can be just as influential as architecture, with buyers responding strongly to the garden-first approach adopted from the outset by developer Excelon Projects and the project's design team.

Excelon appointed Six Degrees Architects and landscape architects SBLA to work collaboratively on the development, with a brief to create "a sustainable, design-led building with a focus on community."

That approach has resonated with buyers. According to Next Chapter Director Tom Hirini, who is leading the sales campaign, the landscaped communal garden has become one of the project's defining features, alongside its boutique scale and European-inspired cluster housing concept.

Local downsizers, right-sizers and established families already living in Yarraville and surrounding suburbs have accounted for the majority of purchasers.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297740]

Yarraville Green will comprise 53 homes, including apartments and townhomes, arranged around the shared central garden to maximise connections to the landscaped open space. Parking has been moved underground, allowing the ground plane to be dedicated to greenery, pedestrian movement and communal spaces.

The landscape extends well beyond passive planting. Productive garden beds, a pergola, communal gathering spaces, garden sheds and a pet wash have all been integrated into the masterplan, creating spaces designed to encourage everyday interaction between residents.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297741]

The interiors continue Excelon's focus on craftsmanship, incorporating bespoke elements by Melbourne artisans including leadlight detailing by Adadaz, hand-turned timber hardware by Auburn Woodturning and blown-glass lighting by Ruth Allen.

Sustainability has also been embedded throughout the project, with Yarraville Green targeting an average 7-star NatHERS energy rating through passive design principles, rooftop solar servicing common areas and rainwater harvesting for landscape irrigation.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297735]

Construction continues to progress at Yarraville Green, with structural works well underway and framing works approaching completion under builder Balmain &amp; Co. The project remains on track for completion in mid-2027.

Apartments at Yarraville Green are currently priced from $625,000, while townhomes start from $1.4 million.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=144913]

Garden-led design drives buyer demand at Yarraville Green

National diversified developer Fortis has officially launched Crest &amp; Walker, its latest Brisbane apartment development, with construction now underway on the 20-storey Newstead project.

Award-winning builder BINAH has commenced construction on the Bureau^Proberts-designed building, which will deliver a limited collection of 65 two and three-bedroom apartments on Kyabra Street.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373556]

The project marks Fortis' fourth active residential development in Brisbane, following River House, which is nearing completion, alongside projects in New Farm and Hamilton as the national developer continues to expand its South East Queensland pipeline.

Fortis General Manager – Development Queensland Dan Boman said Crest &amp; Walker reflects the developer's long-term commitment to delivering design-led residential projects in Brisbane's established inner-city suburbs.

"We're proud to be strengthening our presence in Brisbane with Crest &amp; Walker, particularly in such a sought-after lifestyle destination as Newstead," Boman said.

"Every Fortis project is shaped by its context, and we approach each one with the respect and care it deserves.

"Our focus is always on creating places that feel connected to their neighbourhood and elevate the everyday experience for residents. Newstead continues to evolve as one of Brisbane's most sought-after urban communities, and Crest &amp; Walker reflects our ambition to contribute meaningfully to that story."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373559]

Positioned between Gasworks Plaza and James Street, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/crest-walker-newstead-12-kyabra-street-newstead-qld-4006">Crest &amp; Walker</a> has been designed as a boutique residential address offering privacy and generous living spaces within one of Brisbane's most established lifestyle precincts.

The building features a contemporary brick podium softened by integrated landscaping, while the upper levels are characterised by restrained architecture and enduring materiality. Interiors have been designed to maximise natural light, acoustic performance and long-term liveability.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373583]

Residences comprise spacious two and three-bedroom floorplans, with two-bedroom apartments priced from $1.55 million and three-bedroom, half-floor residences from $3.95 million.

Residents will have access to a wellness-focused rooftop featuring a swimming pool, sauna, steam room, landscaped dining spaces and outdoor lounge areas overlooking Newstead and the Brisbane CBD.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373571]

Sales are being managed by Slaite Projects, with Fortis expecting strong demand from owner-occupiers seeking a high-quality, design-focused apartment in one of Brisbane's most tightly held inner-city suburbs.

Completion of Crest &amp; Walker is slated for late 2028.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=145922]

Fortis expands Brisbane pipeline with launch of Crest & Walker in Newstead

Strategy

<html><body>
Ego and Confirmation Bias
The other day I bought a parcel of shares in an industrial stock for $1.10, the share price zoomed up to above $1.20 in double-quick time, but then the price fell back to my entry point at $1.10 and I was stopped out with short shrift. 
I know beyond the shadow of any doubt that when I was 25 I would have let the price fall well below my entry price before even thinking of selling, and then hoped for it to 'come back'. 
It's an ego thing; you never want to admit to making a poor selection.
By the time I turned 35 I'd learned that if you want to be a successful share trader you must have the discipline to cut your losses and let the winners run (rather than precisely the opposite, which is what most losing traders do).
Even the best stock pickers might select perhaps four trades which don't co-operate from every ten. That doesn't make them bad trades, as such. You simply must be disciplined, and cut the losing selections ruthlessly, and 'trade right'.
<blockquote>
Property investors will likely still be able to attain strong enough returns over the longer term, provided they know in which locations and what property types to buy.
</blockquote>
The process is as important as the outcome. Twisting on 20 and getting an ace doesn't make one smart, only lucky. 
Ridding yourself of that pesky ego is vital to ongoing success as a trader. If you let the losing trades fall and fall in the vain hope that they one day come back to save you at break-even, eventually one of them will keep falling and wipe out all of the other accumulated gains in your trading account and then some.
Human nature dictates that it's very hard to admit being wrong. This is non-sensical: we all get things wrong all the time!
The only reason I reckon myself to be a half-decent investor today is that I've made no many balls-ups in the past - pretty much every mistake you can name, in fact, I've probably made it or a variation thereof. 
Indeed, making all the mistakes in the book is sometimes the only way to learn about what works and what doesn't, and to some extent it might be described as the hallmark of an expert investor - one who has made every mistake, but has resolved to learn the inherent lessons.
Capital growth
Is there ego in a lot of our property market commentary? Gosh, yes! 
How often do people admit to being wrong? Even when they've had a complete shocker and recommended speculating in mining towns where prices have since collapsed? Occasionally? Rarely? Ever?!
As I blogged about <a href="https://petewargent.blogspot.com.au/2014/02/error" target="_blank">here</a>, unfortunately for me, I've made mistake after mistake as an investor, although luckily a long-term outlook can be forgiving of errors.
It was Oscar Wilde who said: "Experience is the name everyone gives to mistakes." It's true. Mistakes are how we learn as people, and also as investors.
Inner suburbs, or outer?
There has been a long-running debate in Australia about whether capital growth is stronger in suburbs closer to the respective city centre (aye), or in outer suburbs (nay).
Clearly, historically, there is no debate to be had.
Median house prices in Sydney's inner suburb of <a href="/news">Point Piper</a> obviously did not get to exceed $5.832 million with moderate capital growth.
And, just as obviously, median house prices of $228,000 in <a href="/news">Spencer</a>, <a href="/news">Gosford</a>, or median unit prices in <a href="/news">Vineyard</a>, Hawkesbury of $162,000 are hardly representative of rampant dwelling price appreciation.
The price growth has necessarily been in some way inversely related to relative proximity to the city with its employment, infrastructure, amenities, and so on.
It's a debate we've had over and over again in London and the UK over the years. And every time we carry out research into the issue, the results are precisely the same. 
Regional price growth in Britain remains relatively poor, outer London suburbs show moderate growth, and prime central London continues to outperform massively.
<div class="separator"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cw6q9EaewkE/U3SXOFTYDbI/AAAAAAAANNA/78q1_e_z1TI/s1600/AWBE.jpg"><img src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cw6q9EaewkE/U3SXOFTYDbI/AAAAAAAANNA/78q1_e_z1TI/s1600/AWBE.jpg"></a></div>
<a href="https://allenwargent.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/AW-LONDON-BE-SP13-031.pdf" target="_blank">Source: AllenWargent Buyers Eye</a>
Australia?
While it has been common knowledge in Aussie real estate that inner suburbs have demonstrated stronger capital growth over the long term, in the past 15 years or so there has sprung up a debate as to whether regional centres and outer suburbs might now be the outperformers.
Why would that happen? People working from home? People seeking to move outwards for a cheaper lifestyle?
Unfortunately, study after study after study shows that the answer is: no. It's not happening. Indeed, if anything, we seem to have the opposite problem.
Younger generations often want to live close to the city, even if they have to pay to rent or buy an expensive apartment to do so. 
What can happen, in my experience, is that cheap suburbs can get a sugar hit as they gentrify thus experiencing a spurt of capital growth, but over the long term price growth is stronger in better located suburbs closer to the city.
See <a href="https://petewargent.blogspot.com.au/2013/09/outer-suburbs-better-or-worse" target="_blank">here</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/can-lower-income-buyers-build-housing-wealth-too-18418" target="_blank">here</a> for the charts from AHURI which prove it, both over the long-term and across recent years too. 
The evidence is as clear as daylight, yet some will still cling to perming carefully selected data over short term time horizons in order to defend their arguments.
This article continues on the next page. Please click below.
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
Inner suburbs are STILL seeing higher capital growth
And so to the RBA's Luci Ellis and her excellent presentation on Australian housing at a conference in Sydney last week, the full transcript of which you can read <a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2014/sp-so-150514" target="_blank">here</a>.
Ellis started by highlighting how household debt has hit a plateau since 2005, which implies that Australian dwelling price growth in aggregate will be slower in the future, and far more closely tied to household income growth in the future than it has been in the past, when lending criteria were deregulated and a structural shift to lower inflation and lower interest rates took place.
I'd suggest, though, that property investors will likely still be able to attain strong enough returns over the longer term, provided they know in which locations and what property types to buy.
Ellis highlighted what I've discussed a thousand times, that being the geographical constraints on some of our cities such as Sydney, which is surrounded by ocean, national parks and mountains, as well as pointing out how exceptionally low the population density is in our urban locations.
We have spacious plots, large houses and relatively few people per square kilometre in urban Australia, which does little to help combat housing affordability in detached dwelling types. 
<img src="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2014/images/sp-so-150514-graph3-small.gif" alt="Graph 3: Urban Population Density"> 
<div>Ellis also went on to discuss the concept of the Central Place model - which is akin to what I have previously referred to <a href="https://petewargent.blogspot.com.au/2013/11/bid-rent-curves-in-australia" target="_blank">here as the bid-rent curve</a> - it suggests that prices and rents tend to decrease as you move away from a city's central point. </div>
<img src="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2014/images/sp-so-150514-figure1-small.gif" alt="Figure 1: The Central Place Model">
Although Australia's cities are not monocentric and do have smaller sub-centres, the RBA notes that when you look at the spatial pattern of employment in Australia, the single centre model "is not a bad fit".
That's correct and accords with what I have seen unfolding in Sydney. We do have employment centres such as Parramatta and Macquarie Park/North Ryde, but they remain very much secondary locations to the main event of the CBD.
We kind of already know all this.
Jobs growth, population growth and capital growth in residential property and much commercial property has been strongest near to the centre of cities in the past.
But what of the future? At present job density is much higher in the central city areas as the RBA's research shows. In fact, read this point from the RBA carefully:
"Population density is higher near the centres and declines rapidly: again, the scales on these graphs are exponential, so each darker shade is an order of magnitude higher density. 
"Some of the outermost districts still contain agricultural land and a good fraction of national parks, so it isn't surprising that population densities are low in these places. I find it interesting that even some middle-ring districts are not that much denser."
Job density: 
<img src="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2014/images/sp-so-150514-graph4-small.gif" alt="Graph 4: Job Density">
And, for that matter, so is population density far more heavily concentrated on central areas:
<img src="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2014/images/sp-so-150514-graph5-small.gif" alt="Graph 5: Population Density (Persons per square kilometre, 2011)">
That's all fairly inherently obvious, but what is more important is how are these trends changing over time.
"The power of the central place is even more striking if we directly contrast where the jobs are with where the employed people live...in all of these cities, the CBD is still the job magnet."
Aha! As I've been arguing forever and a day - yes, we have secondary employment centres in Sydney (and other cities), but no, they most certainly do not draw more jobs to them than the city and the respective central zones.
Firstly, job density is clearly increasing in central areas at a far greater rate than it is in outer areas:
<img src="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2014/images/sp-so-150514-graph8-small.gif" alt="Graph 8: Change in Job Density">
And, secondly, which is more, the population is increasing in density in inner and middle suburbs at a much greater rate too.
RBA: "In fact, many of the inner areas have become even greater job magnets in recent years; some middle and outer areas added people, but not so many jobs, so their job-to-worker ratios actually declined."
<img src="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2014/images/sp-so-150514-graph9-small.gif" alt="Graph 9: Change in Population Density">
This article continues on the next page. Please click below.
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
Impact on dwelling prices?
What people, I suppose, are often really interested in is how these demographic shifts impact dwelling prices.
The answer, concludes the RBA's research, as indeed does every other credible study undertaken on the subject for that matter, is that the ratio of inner ring to outer ring house prices is actually continuing to increase, and the ratio is notably increasing at the greatest rate in the largest cities.
Luci Ellis:
"Declining job-to-worker ratios in some of the outer areas mean that many people are likely to face longer commutes than before. 
"The trade-off between space and place is getting steeper. 
"Locating on the fringe is relatively less attractive than it used to be, and not only because the fringe is moving further out.
"You can see that trade-off in relative housing prices over time. Inner-ring properties have become more expensive relative to outer-ring properties in recent years. And the larger the city, the greater is that premium."
<div class="breakafter"> </div>
<img src="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2014/images/sp-so-150514-graph11-small.gif" alt="Graph 11: House Price Gradient" width="400" height="319">
This trend has played out in all five of the major cities so the conclusion is inarguable on an aggregate basis.
The causation is simply a matter of increasing demand for living close to the city versus scarcity value.
A word of caution, though. This chart represents the ratios for detached housing only, which inherently tends to have a certain level of scarcity value, particularly in fully built out areas.
<div>If you're going to buy unit or apartment stock, look to those with an inherent scarcity value, which does not mean generic, over-priced high rise shoe-boxes which are purchased off the plan.</div>
Outer suburbs and regional centres are struggling
With a few exceptions, outer suburbs and regional centres are struggling across a range of metrics. Ellis again:
"Even social infrastructure doesn't easily follow population to the low-density fringes. Sydney's newest university, Notre Dame, could have chosen an outer-ring location where land was cheaper and it had more room to grow. 
"But instead it put one campus right next to two other universities not far from here on Broadway and another in Darlinghurst."
And on the challenges facing our regional centres:
"I also can't help noticing how difficult it seems to grow the smaller cities in this country relative to the bigger cities. With the possible exceptions of Newcastle, Geelong and maybe Bendigo and Ballarat, few centres outside the state capitals have many corporate headquarters or other job magnets. 
"These self-sustaining job magnets seem to be necessary to create the variety of job opportunities that would attract large numbers of former city dwellers. 
"Over recent years at least, these smaller centres had rates of employment growth and changes in employment-to-population ratios that were similar to or a little below those in the big cities, and a bit below those of inner-city areas. 
"At this rate, it will be hard for the smaller centres to start catching up with the bigger cities, relatively speaking. That means that if big-city housing prices should rise too high for some residents, smaller cities cannot provide alternative locations that are any more viable than they are today.
"Instead of jobs coming to people, at least some of the people have been coming to the jobs, enabled by the pattern of building. In recent years, not only is a lot of the new housing in infill developments, it is much more likely to take the form of high-rise apartments than in the past."
And so, yet another independent study concludes unequivocally that inner suburbs are more desirable, are magnets for jobs growth, have greater access to essential infrastructure and amenities, have higher population growth, are more self-sustaining and show higher residential property capital growth  - both over the long term, and over the last 8 years too.
<div>
RBA warns on regional jobs growth
As we've been highlighting for a long time, jobs growth has become very heavily focused on capital cities in Australia, which is in turn necessarily very concerning for the economic health of our regional centres.
Regional jobs growth has been lagging badly and this has an unpropitious effect on the respective localised economies.
Luci Ellis highlighted exactly this point.
It was noted that regional locations have been adding jobs at a slower pace than the capital cities, and that it is likely to become increasingly difficult for the regions to close that gap as regional centres are offering a lack of variety in job opportunities.
It's something I've witnessed first hand in Britain over the last two decades.
The <a href="https://petewargent.blogspot.com.au/2014/03/zipfs-law" target="_blank" style="line-height: 1.3em;">large cities become more self-sustaining over time</a> while so many regional centres struggle to develop their economies at anything like the same speed.
The result over time can be a mass migration to the capital cities in the absence of specific policies to reverse these trends.
Summary
The debate about whether inner or outer suburbs will thrive will drag on, of course, since that is the very nature of confirmation bias.
But the conclusions drawn by the RBA and independent research institutes are about as black and white as it is possible to find.
Ships will sail around the world, yet "the Flat Earth Society will continue to flourish"...yet those listen to what the data is clearly telling them rather than continue to rally in vain against it, will prosper.
You can visit <a href="https://allenwargent.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">AllenWargent</a> property buyers (London, Sydney) or Pete's <a href="https://petewargent.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">blog</a>.
His new book '<a href="https://www.bigskypublishing.com.au/Books/General-Interest/Four-Green-Houses--and-a-Red-Hotel/1015/productview.aspx" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Four Green Houses and a Red Hotel</a>' is out now.
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pwargent-M4siyDbqQY

City centre v outer suburbs: Which will provide greater capital growth?

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Winter’s start is set to see strong real estate sales results thanks to strong April appraisal figures, according to property group Raine &amp; Horne.
April’s national average property appraisal figures were up by more than 21% from February.
Angus Raine, executive chairman and chief executive of Raine &amp; Horne says that appraisal figures are an indicator of the level of sales strength two or three months down the track. According to Raine, a significant proportion of buyer activity can be traced back to record low interest rates, improved consumer confidence and strengthening employment outlooks.
“The upshot of current appraisal levels is that we are anticipating very strong settlement results in May and June, although there is still a shortage of listings, which indicates that some owners are wary that a winter sale will not deliver an optimum price.
“Winter is often overlooked as a good time to sell in many markets around Australia, and despite our strong appraisal numbers, you could be competing with 15-20% fewer homes for sale than in traditionally high volume periods such as early autumn or spring,” says Raine.
“It’s also a fallacy that committed buyers are put off by winter chills, while outdoor factors will have little impact on smaller homes and apartments, for instance.
“However, vendors would do well to heed the advice of their real estate agent when settling on the pricing of their homes to ensure a timely sale this winter.”
New South Wales saw the biggest jump in appraisals between April and February, with appraisals up almost 26%. Victoria appraisals were up 22% for the same period, while Queensland appraisals rose by 15%. Raine &amp; Horne also cited a specialist marketing campaign conducted by the company as a factor in the lift in appraisal and listing activity.
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jrichardson-uRX5hFdKfN

Strong selling conditions for winter: Raine & Horne

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Taking a close look at the Australian Taxation Office’s recently release statistics, Aviate Group managing director Neil Smoli has said that investors need to fundamentally shift their mindset.
Pointing to the 1,895,775 property investors, he noted that 73% have one investment property, 18% have two, 5% have three, 2% have four, 1% have five and 1% have six or more.
“This breakdown is especially significant when you consider that just 1% of the population retires financially free. This means their investments are sufficient to provide the income they require for their retirement without the need to sell assets or rely on family or government assistance,” Smoli said.
With investors increasingly buying into the market, with an extra 84,601 in 2011/2012, he forecasts that in 2012/2013 the numbers should break the two million mark.
“The correlation between the number of Australians who retire financially free and those with a portfolio of five or more properties is more than coincidence. The lesson from these statistics is clear: those in a position to do so should not postpone a decision to invest in their own future,” he said.
He said that a common situation is that many investors who purchased in 2010 are now preparing to sell.
“While most would have purchased their investment property with an eye on the long term future, the fact so many are preparing to sell indicates that the proper due diligence was not taken into account at the time of purchase, relative to the investor’s individual circumstances,” he explained. This may be due to what he considers to be investors buying the wrong property.
The property may have become too hard to hold, however exit and entry costs in real estate are substantial.
“Where an investment property becomes too difficult for the investor to hold in the short term, so much so that they decide it’s easier to sell up and move on, this is symptomatic of the wrong criteria being applied to its acquisition,” he said.
“Some investors in choosing certain properties actually do the hard work – the heavy lifting so to speak – only for subsequent investors to swoop along and reap the benefits. It’s a scenario that’s very common and it occurs when investors purchase a property that causes them a financial struggle.”
He concedes it is often the case that properties become arduous to hold when the rent achievable does not yield an adequate return, leaving the investor paying out hefty funds to cover holding costs. He suggests looking at ways to boost the yield before selling or to get the property tenanted, rather than having a mentality that suggests selling straight away.
Turn the page for Property Observer’s rental yield boosting tips. 
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
For the <a href="/expert-insights/investing/how-to-boost-your-rental-yield">full article on boosting your rental yield, including tips on minimising expenses and understanding your yield, read here</a>.
Five tips for boosting your rental return.
However, there are reasons why you can increase the rent beyond natural increases in the market. For instance, you could consider one of the following:
<ul>
<li>Improvements A renovation or partial renovation, addition of an air conditioning unit or other outlay can be worthwhile to a tenant. They may be willing to pay more for this change. It’s worth getting your property manager to speak to your tenant, as well as doing a quick search as to the difference between your property and that asking a higher rental price. Are there any areas that you can easily improve? Consider adding bedrooms and bathrooms where possible for a potential uplift in rental return. 
</li>
<li>Adding another dwelling For investors in certain areas, this will be more possible. Those with houses, particularly in outer suburban areas, could consider adding a separate dwelling – such as a granny flat – that can then be rented out separately. Of course, this comes with its own combination of difficulties – such as a reduction of rent on the main house and, potentially, a higher vacancy rate. There can also be a hefty outlay to get a decent build. Here are some <a href="/expert-insights/building/the-four-pros-and-four-cons-of-building-a-granny-flat">pros and cons of this strategy</a>.Some swear by this strategy, while others remain sceptical. 
</li>
<li>Renting the property to multiple tenants Another option is to consider renting the home to a number of properties, perhaps on a room-by-room basis. While this, again, can see higher turnover and higher levels of wear-and-tear, and arguably a lower-quality tenant, you may see it give you the rental yield uplift you desire. 
</li>
<li>Consider turning the property into a holiday rental This is not going to be effective for all property owners, however those with a property in an appropriate holiday area with strong demand may find that the high returns available over the holiday period can push their yield up overall. 
</li>
<li>Furnishing the property This is, again, not a strategy that suits every rental. However, in areas where there is demand for furnished properties, it may suit to deck-out the property yourself. Specific tenants, particularly in shorter-stay locations, are willing to pay a premium for the property to be ready for an immediate move in.</li>
</ul>
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jduke-EHk3XBmHkn

Investors need to shift their mindset: Aviate Group

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Whilst there has been so much commentary last week on the federal budget, I thought we could talk about a different type of budget - one that can be just as important, particularly if you are a property developer.
Property developing can throw many different challenges at you and one thing I have learnt in this industry is there is always a solution to a problem. The trick is to understand what possible problems may arise and preparing yourself for them.  Unfortunately things don’t always go to plan and as a project manager it is up to us to make sure the development gets through as efficiently as possible.
One of the biggest problem areas is not allowing enough for building works. 
When pricing a development and running feasibilities, it is important to understand that your building estimate is an organic creature. By this I mean the building estimate you start with will nearly always be different to the one you end with.  It will evolve throughout the process as you obtain more and more details.  Once you have all the fine details, the building estimate can be finalised to the fixed price builder’s tender.  
If architecturally designing our villas, we generally follow this process:
<ol>
<li>Concept plan – this will show the number and size of villas on the land, but not much detail</li>
<li>Development application (DA) plans – enough information is included on the plans to satisfy council</li>
<li>Construction certificate (CC) plans –more detail, including engineer drainage and slab design</li>
</ol>
The starting point for our build estimate will be based on similar projects that we have recently completed and an allowance for the different site.
This progresses to an estimate based on the concept plan.  Still a ‘loose’ estimate as there is usually not enough detail on the concept plan for the builder to have all information he needs.  The build estimate we have at this stage will tell us whether we are tracking within budget.  If not, we can make the necessary changes required, perhaps reducing the size of the villas working with both our builder and architect to design the right dwellings for our project to be successful.
Once the concept plan is approved, the architect will proceed to full DA plans.  It is here that much more detail is added and we will have our builder price the DA plans and review the supporting documentation.  Again, this does not give us a final fixed build cost but we will be getting closer to the expected outcome.  Once approved by our client, the DA plans are finalised and the DA is prepared and lodged with council.
During the DA process, council may request some changes to the plans, so it is important to understand we are still ‘evolving’ at this stage. We also need to review the conditions of the DA consent before we have more detail to finalise the build costs.
Once council have approved the DA, we will start to prepare the CC plans.  Engineers will be briefed and a drainage and engineered slab design or footings for the foundations will be produced. More detail is added to the CC plans, finalising levels and double checking schedules. 
Before we lodge the CC plans with our private certifier we will have our builder issue a third costing. It is this costing that will give us the final build costs...well almost.  We still need to have the CC approved and ensure there are no further revisions to the plans required.  
After we have the CC stamped plans, our builder will issue their final tender and building contract. This will be a fixed price contract; however, there may still be a few items that will be ‘provisional’. They are usually some site works, removal of fill and retaining walls.  The builder may mark these items as provisional as they won’t know until works proceed exactly what the cost is. For instance, if rock is hit during the site cut, this will increase the site costs. If the site cut differs slightly to the plans, this may impact on the height of retaining walls.  So these ‘provisional’ items will be charged at actual cost whether it is lower or higher.
So you can see how the build estimate must evolve through the development process and until your development is completed, you really won’t know the exact cost.  It’s important you allow a contingency amount for any variations that may crop up along the way. 
As a developer, you will embark on a challenging journey from start to finish and the path you choose can be simplified with the help of a project manager to guide you along the way.  Always take the time to have full builder’s estimates done at each stage to avoid any nasty surprises. 
<a href="https://www.propertybloom.com.au/">www.propertybloom.com.au</a> 
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jochivers-wq5Bp59R5a

A different type of budget talk: The development budget

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I was looking over some old files and found a TV interview I did some years ago on a popular property program – Your Money Your Call.
The very first question I was asked by the host Chris Gray was: “Why would someone develop rather than buying and holding?”<a href="https://www.propertybloom.com.au/about/videos"> </a>
{qtube vid:=8wsx8fPOiqQ}
What a great question. It’s really the main reason why many investors take that next step from being an investor to becoming a property developer.
My answer was: "The best thing about developing property is the creation of equity through the development process. So rather than wait for capital growth to happen (over time), you create equity by adding value."  
In a nutshell, this really is what most developers are trying to achieve. Some call it the ‘developer margin’ but I call it ‘creating equity’ - it’s the amount of money created when the costs of developing a property are taken away from the value of the project on completion.
<blockquote>
The best thing about developing property is the creation of equity through the development process.
</blockquote>
I like the term ‘creating equity’ over say ‘manufacturing equity’ because when you are a property developer, you are very much part of a very creative process. 
As a developer, you have a lot that you can control, yet there are also some things you can’t control.  If you make the right decisions around the stuff you are in control of; smart plan design, meeting the needs of your target market, efficiency in the build process by using a trustworthy and experienced builder and some strong interior design choices then you can boost the equity creation process.
At the same time, if you can minimise the risks on the things you are not so much in control of; council processing time, finance approval times and inclement weather then you are giving yourself the best ‘equity creation’ opportunity.
So what would you rather?  Buy, hold, wait for equity; or buy, make and create equity? 
I know what I would choose every time.
<a href="https://www.propertybloom.com.au/" target="_blank">www.propertybloom.com.au</a>
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Develop or buy and hold? Why it all comes down to creating equity

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GUEST OBSERVATION
Although property investment remains very active well into 2014, this does not mean each and every investor is guaranteed success. Once you have found or developed the perfect property, the next step may be to attract and rent it out to quality, reliable tenants as opposed to selling it straight away for a profit.
Needless to say, a property that is well presented will attract tenants who will care for it as if it were their own.  And this is where home staging goes a long way to ensure appropriate presentation of your property.
<blockquote>
Finding the right tenant is not difficult if you determine your target market, create a good impression and screen candidates.
</blockquote>
Furnishing and styling a house, or rather staging it, was once only used to sell off new developments. Today, an increasing number of savvy property investors are using it to showcase a property’s strong points to good quality prospective tenants.
Attracting the right type of tenants is essential to maximising your property investment.  In addition, if you intend to sell an investment property, having top quality tenants ensures that property is even more appealing to buy for other investors.
Finding the right tenant is not difficult if you determine your target market, create a good first impression and screen prospective candidates appropriately.
Step one – Determine the right type of tenant for your property
It is crucial you understand the location of your property, who is living in the area and who wants to live there.
In order to do this, ask your local expert agent.  Look at the schools, transport and other services in the area to try and determine your potential tenant profile.
Are they likely to be young professional couples or families with kids?
Knowing who the renter is and making your place the one that ticks all or at least most of the boxes will mean you will find the right tenant faster.
Step two – Stage your property to make a great impression
The type of tenants who take care of their rental will most likely look for a property that's in great condition to begin with. So take the time to ensure your property is in top shape before listing it for lease.
In addition you want the right people to connect emotionally with your property.  
So, create a space where a prospective tenant can see them selves and they can imagine and aspire to the lifestyle that the property affords.
Staging a property that is for rent is even more important in the sense that people need to know what they can do to the place that is not permanent. 
<blockquote>
You want the right people to connect emotionally with your property. 
</blockquote>
After all their instinct would be to make the space shine and homely, and a perfect spot for them to spend their time. When renting this needs to be done without making huge or permanent changes.
Most of all in pre-sale or rental market property styling, there is the trend to focus on styling for a lifestyle. So if a property has a great outdoor space, don’t leave anything up to the imagination. Style the space to show people how they can use it and enjoy it!
Step three – Finding the right tenant for your property
If you are not confident in finding tenants on your own, sign up an experienced, reputable property manager. Your time is money so the expertise a property manager brings can be very valuable.  
So do your research and find out:
<ol>
<li>Who manages most of the properties in the area</li>
<li>How often they inspect your property</li>
<li>Their mode and frequency of communication and feedback with you</li>
</ol>
Finally, whilst a high quality presentation is no guarantee of a high quality tenant, there is no doubt it gives you the best possible chance of achieving a higher rent, quicker and a higher quality tenant.
Staging your house will attract the tenant you want to be in your house. Your success as an investor depends on the type of tenant you have living on your property.
Naomi Findlay is the award winning founder of the <a href="https://www.instituteofhomestaging.com.au/" target="_blank">International Institute of Home Staging</a> (IIHS) and SILK Home Staging &amp; Styling. She is also the author of a bestselling book, Ignite Your Property Mojo.
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jake-cSmGT7VXVf

Staging your investment property for a great rental return on investment

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A good development strategy for a first time developer and investor wanting to boost their property portfolio is a dual occupancy project; buying land where you can build two dwellings and subdividing. 
The dwelling/villas may be attached or freestanding, either way you are basically halving the land cost for each. And that is where the value lies.
Where Property Bloom develops, there is usually opportunity to create around $100,000 in equity through a dual occupancy development within about 12 months. This does not take into consideration any capital growth that also may occur during the development period. That is a bonus if it occurs.  If you are developing when the market is moving up, then you have timed your development well. Even if the market is flat, you can manufacture some equity. The equity created is purely because you are the developer and you are adding value to the land not with one dwelling but with two.
Here’s an example of a dual occupancy project we recently completed:
Land cost: $200,000
Stamp duty: Nil
($5,000 <a href="https://www.osr.nsw.gov.au/lib/doc/factsheets/ofs_nhg1.pdf" target="_blank">NSW New Home Grant</a> applied so the government contributes $5,000 and this off sets the stamp duty cost)
Legal fees: $1,500
Build cost, including subdivision costs, for two freestanding, three bedroom, two bathroom villas:  $430,000
Total cost:  $631,500
Actual end valuations:  $750,000 or $375,000 per villa
Equity created:  $118,500
Gross yield: 6.3% based on renting each villa at $380 per week
If you are borrowing at around 4.5% then the project may be cash flow positive for you. This is when the rent and depreciation benefits combined cover the costs of interest, insurance, council, water rates and management fees.
Expected depreciation: $20,000 in year one (using the diminishing method)
Want to know how to do it?  Well you can either use an experienced project manager to guide you through or have a go yourself, it will depend on the resources or skills you have available, time, experience and some grit. 
The steps involved in a dual occupancy development strategy are:
<ol>
<li>Finance preapproval. It’s important before you start looking at development sites or any property, that you have a preapproval from a lender in place. 
</li>
<li>Understand the council requirements for dual occupancies in this area. Read council’s local environment plan (LEP) and development control plan (DCP). This will let you know the size of land you’ll need for your dual occ and what is permissible. 
</li>
<li>Focus your attention on the area you want to develop in, making sure the location is correctly zoned for dual occupancies. But even if it is zoned for this type of development, there may be covenants on the land preventing it.  It’s important to narrow down to one or two suburbs based on your research.  This is a really important stage and you need to understand the area well.   </li>
<li>Search for land that meets the dual occupancy criteria. Size – look at the frontage and know what the minimum width is for your dual occ. If it’s a duplex site, you may need a minimum of 18-20 metres frontage – it will depend on the duplex design you want to use. Look at the depth and size to ensure the land is large enough to meet the DCP requirements, look at the aspect and if there is enough area to meet the minimum outdoor private space requirement.  Make sure there are services to the site; electricity, sewerage, gas. Then ensure the land is relatively flat with a slight slope to the street unless there is a drainage easement at the back.  
</li>
<li>Check the planning certificate to see if it is in a bushfire or flood zone.  You can still develop in these areas but it will add to your build costs.  
</li>
<li>Have your builder look at the site. This is very important as the builder will look at the land from a different perspective. 
</li>
<li>Run your feasibility to ensure the project will be viable. You will need to find recent comparable sales references then you can base your end value estimate on this.  Talk to agents about the current rental market and what rent could be expected then work out the projected yield on completion.  Most importantly, you need to have a good understanding of the build costs. The build costs will evolve over the design and planning process. Your builder can give you an estimate once a concept plan is available, but as the full development application (DA) plans and documentation is available, the builder will then need to run a full tender. You can cross check this against your original estimate. If it’s in line, lodge the DA if it’s not, go back to the design and look at areas where you can reduce costs. Once the plans are approved, the builder may run a second tender if council asked for any changes. If not, then a last tender will be generated once the engineer’s plans for the construction certificate (CC) are available. 
</li>
<li>Secure the dual occ site and try for a long settlement period with permission to lodge a DA from the vendor. You can get all the design work and perhaps even have the DA and CC approved before you settle on the land, this will reduce your holding costs. Make sure you include the subdivision on your DA. 
</li>
<li>Once you have the DA and CC approvals, you can then go back to your lender to obtain your unconditional construction loan. As soon as this is in place, the builder can start. 
</li>
<li>The build phase for a dual occupancy should be around three to four month or so, depending on weather. You need to be on site each week to check the builder’s progress and put out any ‘fires’ that may arise as you are under construction. 
</li>
<li>Once the building works are completed, an occupation certificate will be issued. You can now have your villas tenanted. Don’t forget to order a depreciation schedule; this is simple, just email the plans and builders tender and any other cost details to your quantity surveyor.  
</li>
<li>You can now apply for the subdivision certificate and once council issues this, you can register the subdivision (after your lender has signed off on it).  There is no need to register immediately if you are planning to hold and not planning to refinance as you may find costs such as rates may be a little less if the villas are kept on one title.</li>
</ol>
I’ve summarised the process very quickly, it’s not that straight forward and you really do need the time to work on this development strategy closely as mistakes can be costly when developing property. But you can have your cake and eat it too by using an experienced property development project manager. You will learn so much from the process, can still keep your day job and know that you are in the hands of a professional. Then you may find you will be ready to do the next project on your own.
<a href="https://www.propertybloom.com.au/" target="_blank">www.propertybloom.com.au</a>
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