For most new apartment buildings, the Owners Corporation starts life with little more than a bank account and the first quarterly strata levies.

At <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/9-gay-street-castle-hill-9-gay-street-castle-hill-nsw-2154">9 Gay Street</a> in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/castle-hill-nsw-2154">Castle Hill</a>, it starts with around $7 million in reserve.

It's an unusual legacy of what was once one of Sydney's highest-profile apartment remediation projects. When the development, originally known as Skyview and built by disgraced developer Top Place, came under scrutiny by then NSW Building Commissioner David Chandler, an $11 million remediation bond was negotiated to ensure any building defects could be fully rectified.

The building underwent an 18-month remediation program, during which around $4 million of that bond was spent bringing the building up to the standard it should have been in from the outset.

After extensive inspections, all active rectification orders have been lifted. What's more, around $7.2 million remains secured for the Owners Corporation for the next 15 years.

In a twist few would have predicted, what began as a significant concern for purchasers has left the building with something almost unheard of in the apartment market: a multi-million-dollar financial reserve from day one.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=147685 project_image_fid=359136]

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/project-marketer/equitifund-group">Equitifund</a> Executive Chairman Greg Huxley said the structure offers buyers a level of certainty that is difficult to replicate.

"The $11 million bond established for the Skyview Castle Hill development represents exceptional value, providing genuine financial security for purchasers," Huxley said.

"Unlike a standard insurance policy, this bond consists of real funds held in trust for the Owners Corporation, offering a tangible layer of protection and added peace of mind."

The apartments themselves have been designed with a focus on practical, contemporary living. Interiors feature Smeg appliances, stone benchtops, tiled living areas, carpeted bedrooms, 2.7-metre ceilings, floor-to-ceiling glazing, and ducted heating and cooling throughout.

Residents also have access to a range of shared amenities, including two rooftop barbecue areas, a swimming pool, children's playgrounds, secure building access, storage cages, and visitor parking.

The location continues to be one of the project's strongest drawcards. Castle Hill Metro Station sits virtually on the doorstep, providing direct connections across Sydney's expanding Metro network, while Castle Towers offers extensive retail, dining, entertainment, and service amenities within walking distance.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=147685 project_image_fid=359127]

The building, now named after its location at 9 Gay Street, comprises a diverse mix of one-, two-, and three-bedroom apartments starting from just under $600,000.

Equitifund National Sales Director Ben Hamblett said demand in the Hills District continues to be driven by buyers seeking convenience and connectivity.

"Interest from both owner-occupiers and investors in Castle Hill remains exceptionally strong, with buyers consistently prioritising developments in close proximity to the Metro station and Castle Towers Shopping Centre," Hamblett said.

"There is a clear trend in the market, with purchasers seeking convenient access to transport and lifestyle amenities that support a seamless, low-maintenance way of living."

On top of the long-term protection afforded by the remaining $7.2 million bond, Equitifund is offering a limited-time stamp duty rebate on selected apartments.

Eligible purchasers can also secure finance options, including a 3.99 per cent two-year variable rate, loan-to-value ratios of up to 90 per cent, and interest-only lending options through EquitiCredit.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=147685]

Joel Robinson

Why this Castle Hill apartment building starts with a $7 million advantage

For much of the past few years, conversations about Australia's property market have centred on the rapid growth seen in Sydney, Brisbane, Gold Coast, and Perth. <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/melbourne-vic-3004">Melbourne</a> has followed a different trajectory.

That relative underperformance is now encouraging some buyers to reassess the city, particularly those willing to look beyond short-term market movements and focus on quality property in established locations, along with the long-term growth prospects of a city expected to overtake Sydney as Australia’s most populous.

John Bekiaris, Research &amp; Market Insights at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/project-marketer/equitifund-group">Projects by Equitifund</a>, said Melbourne's current position is attracting increasingly sophisticated purchasers.

"Melbourne continues to present one of Australia's strongest long-term investment stories," Bekiaris says.

"While other capital cities have experienced stronger recent growth, that relative underperformance is exactly what's attracting sophisticated counter-cyclical investors."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=1979 project_image_fid=363268]

Equitifund isn't just commenting on Melbourne's property market, it's investing in it.

The Sydney-headquartered capital partner has taken over the remaining apartments at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/victoriana-melbourne-20-queens-road-melbourne-vic-3004">Victoriana</a>, the recently completed glass-encased development opposite Albert Park Lake in Melbourne's tightly held St Kilda Road precinct.

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/rothelowman">Rothelowman</a> and built by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/builders/hickory">Hickory</a>, Victoriana places residents between one of Melbourne's most recognised parklands and the CBD, offering oversized two and three-bedroom apartments aimed at owner-occupiers seeking a genuine alternative to a traditional family home.

The development comprises 232 completed residences alongside a suite of resident amenities, including a 25-metre indoor swimming pool, gymnasium, landscaped entertaining areas, resident lounges, EV charging, secure basement parking and a concierge-style arrival experience.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=1979 project_image_fid=363229]

The apartments have been designed with owner-occupiers firmly in mind.&nbsp;Open-plan living and dining areas flow onto generous balconies framing views across Albert Park Lake, Fawkner Park, the Royal Botanic Gardens and the Melbourne skyline.

Kitchens feature Gaggenau appliances, stone benchtops and generous preparation space. Bedrooms include built-in robes, while bathrooms feature full-height textured tiling. Hardwood flooring and ducted air conditioning complete residences designed for long-term living.

Rothelowman's architecture takes its cues from the landscape opposite the site. Sweeping horizontal glazing references the movement of Albert Park Lake, while generous balconies and expansive glazing strengthen the connection between the apartments and the surrounding parklands. The result is a building designed to deliver the scale and amenity expected of luxury apartment living, while offering the larger floorplans increasingly sought by owner-occupiers.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=1979 project_image_fid=363284]

The location is one of Victoriana's defining characteristics. Positioned on Queens Road, residents are directly opposite Albert Park Lake and within easy reach of Fawkner Park, the Royal Botanic Gardens, South Melbourne, St Kilda Road and the CBD. With few comparable development opportunities remaining in the precinct, buyers are increasingly placing value on outlooks that are unlikely to be interrupted by future construction.

Greg Huxley, Founder of Equitifund, believes those qualities become even more valuable over time.

"Premium real estate has always rewarded buyers who take a long-term view," Huxley said.

"Victoriana represents the kind of asset that's increasingly difficult to recreate today, particularly in an established location like Queens Road."

He said rising construction costs are also changing the way buyers assess completed developments.

"When you combine an irreplaceable location with thoughtful architecture and premium finishes, you create something that becomes increasingly difficult to reproduce as construction costs continue to rise."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=1979 project_image_fid=363228]

According to National Sales Director Ben Hamblett, enquiry has been driven largely by Melbourne downsizers and buyers upgrading from smaller apartments.

"Interest in Victoriana continues to build, with strong buyer focus on the larger owner-occupier residences within the development," Hamblett says.

"Enquiry is increasingly driven by local buyers who recognise the rarity of what's on offer: park-facing apartments in an established neighbourhood where new development opportunities are becoming increasingly scarce. At Victoriana, the view is not just a feature; it's an appreciating asset in its own right."

He said interstate enquiry has also strengthened as buyers reassess Melbourne's position within the national property cycle.

"Melbourne currently stands as the most compelling entry point of any major Australian capital, and discerning buyers are beginning to recognise what those who move early always understand: the best opportunities are taken before the price rise confirms them."

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=1979]

Why now is the time to buy in Melbourne's premium apartment market

Developers and apartment buyers have a narrowing window of opportunity before Brisbane's Olympic infrastructure pipeline begins competing directly with residential construction, pushing up costs, tightening labour supply and making new projects increasingly difficult to deliver.

While Brisbane's apartment market continues to benefit from strong population growth and limited housing supply, industry research suggests the years leading up to 2027 could prove to be the most important period for developers looking to secure builders and buyers hoping to purchase before the next wave of price increases.

A new Colliers report, Brisbane 2032 Olympic and Paralympic Games: Creating Solutions, highlights the scale of the challenge. While thousands of new homes are planned across South East Queensland, the Brisbane Olympic Athletes Village alone will deliver more than 10,500 beds during the Games before being converted into around 1,750 to 2,000 apartments. Equivalent to almost two years of typical inner-city apartment supply, the project will also absorb a significant share of the construction workforce and building materials.

The broader construction pipeline paints an even clearer picture.

Construction Skills Queensland's Horizon 2032 report forecasts Queensland's annual construction pipeline will average $69 billion over the coming years before peaking at $75 billion in 2027-28. Demand for construction workers is expected to increase by 17 per cent to almost 150,000 people, with the industry facing an annual shortfall of around 19,000 workers that could blow out to as many as 35,000 during the peak construction period.

The Olympic venues, athletes village and supporting infrastructure will account for billions of dollars worth of work across South East Queensland through to 2032, creating intense competition for labour at a time when Australia's residential construction sector is already under pressure.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150489 project_image_fid=373834]

Colliers Queensland Residential Director Andrew Scriven said the convergence of these projects is creating a clear window of opportunity for both developers and buyers.

"From 2027 onwards, the market will shift dramatically," Scriven said.

"Labour will increasingly be locked into government-led infrastructure and Olympic projects, which means private residential developments will face higher costs and tighter margins. The developers who move now are the ones most likely to get projects off the ground."

Scriven said the same dynamic would also affect buyers, with fewer apartment projects expected to launch once construction capacity tightens.

"If you're looking to change your lifestyle over the next five years, now is your window of opportunity to buy."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150713 project_image_fid=373827]

Developers are already positioning themselves ahead of that window.

Following the success of Monarch at Toowong, Consolidated Properties is preparing to launch two new Brisbane apartment projects in the second half of 2026. They include <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/gloriette-30-bedivere-street-yeerongpilly-qld-4105">Gloriette</a> at Yeerongpilly Green, a 25-storey tower within one of Brisbane's key Olympic precincts, and <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/castile-47-skyring-terrace-newstead-qld-4006">Castile</a>, a recently approved 25-storey riverfront development at 47 Skyring Terrace in Newstead.

Hutchinson Builders will deliver both projects, with early works already underway at Yeerongpilly and Newstead expected to commence later this year.

The timing comes as Brisbane's fundamentals continue to strengthen, with strong interstate migration, population growth and vacancy rates remaining below 1.5 per cent.

Colliers Queensland researcher Pragya Sharma said Greater Brisbane is forecast to require around 40,000 new apartments between 2021 and 2031.

"There's a real mismatch emerging between when housing is needed and when it will be feasible to build," Sharma said.

"As a result, the period leading up to 2027 presents a key window of opportunity for developers to secure approvals, funding and construction capacity, while buyers will have greater choice before supply constraints intensify."

Colliers research outlines a critical pre-2027 window to start residential projects before labour squeeze: now is the time to buy

Developers, buyers on watch in South East Queensland ahead of construction crunch: Colliers

It's taken less than nine months for developer Sherpa Property Group to sell out all 51 apartments in its <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/flourish-oasis-palm-beach-7-9-sixth-avenue-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Oasis</a> development in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/palm-beach-qld-4221">Palm Beach</a>, over a year before its anticipated completion.

&nbsp;

Located at 7-9 Sixth Avenue, the $67 million development has resonated strongly with both local owner-occupiers and downsizers seeking high-quality apartments within walking distance of the beach, dining precincts and everyday amenities.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=151449 project_image_fid=357458]

Christie Leet, Founder of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/sherpa-property-group">Sherpa Group</a>, said the sell-out reflected both the strength of the Palm Beach market and the success of Sherpa's community-first approach to development.

"The sell-out of Oasis is a fantastic outcome and reinforces the strong demand we're seeing for thoughtfully designed apartments in lifestyle locations," Leet said.

"From the outset, our vision was to create a development that genuinely enhanced the Palm Beach community while providing residents with exceptional homes and wellness-focused amenities.

"We've been incredibly encouraged by the level of local support throughout the campaign, 72.5 per cent of buyers are locals, with a significant proportion of purchasers choosing Oasis as their future home rather than an investment."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=151449 project_image_fid=357463]

Construction is now progressing following development approval, with trusted builder LPS Group delivering the project and completion anticipated in Q3 2027.

Oasis forms part of Sherpa Group's successful Flourish collection, which has become recognised for its focus on wellness, community and elevated coastal living.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=151449 project_image_fid=357469]

Residents will have private access to a rooftop amenity space featuring a pool, gym, sauna, steam room, hot and cold plunge pools, spa and barbecue facilities.

"The success of Oasis demonstrates that buyers continue to prioritise quality, location and lifestyle," Leet said.

"We are proud to have delivered a project that has resonated so strongly with the market and look forward to bringing Oasis to life for our future residents."

Sherpa recently launched <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/flourish-soleira-palm-beach-1150-1160-gold-coast-highway-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Soleira</a>, its third instalment of the Flourish brand in Palm Beach following Flourish Oasis and <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/amargo-6-12-sixth-avenue-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Amargo</a>.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=151449]

Sherpa sells out Flourish Oasis in booming Palm Beach

Urban Property Group's <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/la-vera-macquarie-park-94-talavera-road-macquarie-park-nsw-2113">La Vera</a> is leading the next phase of Macquarie Park's residential evolution, with the new apartment development set to become the first of several new apartment projects in the precinct to complete.

The 169-apartment building has now topped out ahead of its scheduled completion in the third quarter of 2026, as new residential investment continues to reshape one of Sydney's largest employment hubs into a true mixed-use precinct.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134951 project_image_fid=368645]

Cox Architecture has designed La Vera to capture the best of its unique positioning on Talavera Road, orienting the building towards Lane Cove National Park.&nbsp;The building features a sculpted northern façade with flowing curves inspired by the surrounding landscape, while its city-facing elevation adopts a more structured architectural expression to maximise skyline views.

"The vision for the project was to conceive a building that adopted an organic and curvilinear form to the northern portion that faces the Lane Cove National Park," <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/cox-architecture">Cox Architecture</a> Director Felipe Miranda said.

"The residents that reside in the northern portion of the building benefit by having beautifully crafted curved balconies that speak to the natural context and heighten the relationship of their internal living spaces to the external balconies."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134951 project_image_fid=358802]

La Vera offers a diverse mix of one, two, three, and four-bedroom configurations, with prices currently starting from $740,000. Buyers so far have been a mix of Sydney-based investors,&nbsp;metro commuters, owner-occupiers and downsizers from surrounding North Shore suburbs.

Both investors and owner-occupiers have been drawn to La Vera's proximity to Macquarie University, Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Centre and the Sydney Metro, infrastructure that supports both strong rental demand and a convenient lifestyle for residents.

The apartments feature full-height glazing, timber flooring throughout living areas, stone kitchen benchtops, SMEG appliances, floor-to-ceiling bathroom tiling and ducted air conditioning.

Residents will have access to a rooftop recreation level featuring a swimming pool, sauna, barbecue facilities and landscaped relaxation areas, complemented by additional communal space at ground level. Many apartments enjoy uninterrupted views across Lane Cove National Park, reinforcing the project's connection to its natural setting.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134951 project_image_fid=364551]

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/urban-property-group">Urban Property Group</a>, a family-owned developer and builder with nearly four decades of experience, holds a 4.5-star iCIRT rating and was Australia's first developer to introduce 10-Year Latent Defects Insurance (LDI). La Vera is the first apartment development in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/macquarie-park-nsw-2113">Macquarie Park</a> approved to offer the additional insurance protection, alongside a five-year warranty on SMEG appliances.

Urban Property Group CEO Patrick Elias said the additional protection reflects changing buyer expectations in the off the plan market.

"Consumers are a lot more weary and a lot more concerned in buying off the plan than they ever have been. Having LDI is a tool to portray the confidence that we have in our product, and a confidence we want buyers to share," Elias said.

Following completion of the building later this year, buyers will move into their apartments well before Christmas.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=134951]

La Vera closes in on completion as Macquarie Park continues residential transformation

Office Market

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A Main Street office location in the seaside town of Mornington near Melbourne has sold for $445,000.
The two offices plus reception at <a href="https://www.realcommercial.com.au/property-offices-vic-mornington-501788350" target="_blank">3&amp;4, 216 Main Street</a> occupy about 80 square metre. Additionally, there’s a kitchen and toilet.
The property is on a two-year lease starting in November 2014 with an extension of two more years.
The property fetches a rent of $19,200 per annum, implying a yield of about 4 percent.
The sale was through Michelle Adams of Jacobs &amp; Lowe.
The property last traded in 2011 when it sold for $203,584.
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prateek24-ezbwHMbNAk

Office space in Victoria's Mornington fetches a cool $445,000

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A corner building in Melbourne’s Fitzroy with potentially a multitude of uses including retail, office or gallery is on the market for $895,000.
The <a href="https://www.commercialrealestate.com.au/property/218-johnston-street-fitzroy-vic-3065-2012372391" target="_blank">218 Johnston Street</a> building has a floor area of 140 sqm.
The property features polished floorboards, allows plenty of natural light, has a kitchen and multiple bathrooms and basement car parking. The building has Commercial 1 zoning.
Located between Brunswick Street and Smith Street, it is near to the CBD and close to transport.
The facade and the building could suit retail, office, gallery and/or residential uses.
The property is being marketed by Bradley Ellul and Ian Angelico of CVA Property Consultants.
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Contemporary multipurpose corner building in Melbourne’s Fitzroy up for sale

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A group of Perth barristers has bought office chambers in the city’s new legal hub at auction for $1.45 million.
Located on the top floor of the Equus Commercial building at 580 Hay Street, the 213 sqm-partitioned office space has a 57 sqm terrace complete with putting green, two basement car bays and panoramic views of Perth Town Hall and the CBD skyline.
The building also has a gym and pool for tenant use.
The buyer group - comprising Perth criminal barristers Paul Bevilacqua; Anthony Elliott; Anthony Eyers; Edward Fitzpatrick; and Helen Prince - acquired the property with the intention of opening new legal practice, Meridian Chambers. 
CBRE’s Milne said the property offered a fantastic opportunity to secure a prime position in Perth’s premier legal precinct. 
“This sale reflected an opportunity to secure commercial space in one of the city’s most prestigious legal destinations, neighbouring leading law firms, barristers and QCs,” said CBRE’s Milne, who along with Ben Younger, brokered the deal.
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Perth legal eagles swoop on top floor nest in legal hub for $1.45 million

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<h1>London 1970 - 1976: A case study into Real Estate Market Cycles<a class="next on" href="https://www.jll.com/cities-research/london-case-study-lessons-learnt"></a><a class="prev on" href="https://www.jll.com/cities-research/london-case-study-background-causes"></a>
</h1>
<h2>JLL came up with seven factors that contributed to the <a href="https://www.jll.com/cities-research/london-case-study-1970-1976" target="_blank">1974 London office market crash</a>.</h2>
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1. Strong business cycle
Financial deregulation in the United Kingdom was followed by an expansion of international banking and financial services. This resulted in a rise in occupier demand for office space and increased floor space per worker. At the same time, public sector demand for office space in Central London increased. The temporary shortage of space resulted in rising rents and capital values. Therefore, financial deregulation increased the demand for office space in London, while at the same time facilitating the financing of additional construction leading to increased supply.   2. Property development cycle
The London office construction boom was highly speculative due to a lack of pre-committed tenancies. While occupier demand increased steadily and rents rose by 90% between 1970 and mid-1973 (compared with a 30% rise in consumer prices) the supply of new space took several years before reaching completion.   3. Price distortions due to regulation
From 1964 onwards the Labour administration enacted legislation limiting new office development (Control of Office &amp; Development Act of 1965) and imposed taxation (Land Commission Act of 1967) on property development gains, thereby disincentivising new construction. The corporation tax (1965) favoured direct ownership of property assets. Together, these regulatory changes stimulated investor demand while constraining supply, hence exerting more upward pressure on values. These policies were later reversed by the Conservative administration of Edward Heath from 1970 to alleviate the supply shortage. However, by then, easy credit was providing further stimulus for consumer and asset price inflation.   4. Lending boom and gearing ratio increases
The expansionary economic policy of the Heath government from 1971 led to low interest rates and a rapidly increasing money supply. The result was a credit growth boom. Since property values were rapidly increasing, banks concentrated their lending to this sector. Gearing ratios, often based on inflated values, increased beyond traditionally safe levels (up to 100%). Developer-borrowers were servicing their debt with additional loans solely in anticipation of capital appreciation. The office market boom, and subsequent bust, might be seen as collateral damage from the policies adopted to stimulate the broader UK economy.   5. Financial liberalisation
Sections 123 and 127 of the Companies Act of 1967 had spawned a category of secondary (fringe) banks without explicit regulatory oversight. These financial institutions relied on the ever-growing money markets as a source of (largely short-term) funding. The Bank of England's laissez-faire stance towards the loosely regulated secondary banks failed to monitor and to limit their over-concentration of lending to the commercial building market. The 1971 Competition and Credit Control plan also advanced banking sector deregulation by removing lending ceilings and reducing the reserve ratio, thereby releasing credit for lending. Deregulation resulted in increased competition among banks for market share, which led to the erosion of underwriting standards and increased risk-taking through highly leveraged loans priced at margins that did not adequately reflect the riskiness of the exposures.   6. The economic shock
The unanticipated shock of the 1973 oil crisis further accelerated the UK inflation rate.Annual inflation rose from 7.1% (1971) to an all-time record of 24.2% (1975), prompting the Bank of England to precipitously raise its minimum lending rate (MLR) from 7.5% in June 1973 to 13% in November 1973. Those property developments that were financed by short-term bridge loans (that were susceptible to rate rises) faced liquidity problems and many were unable to meet their debt-service obligations. Simultaneously, property values stalled because of price controls that limited rent increases and a reinstated development tax that curbed profits.   7. Belated strategies to limit the economic and financial fallout
The sudden shocks arising from these simultaneous pressures led to defaults and began a potentially self-reinforcing cycle of capitulation in the property market that resulted in the Bank of England's "Lifeboat" operation. The Bank of England, with the cooperation of UK clearing banks, established a liquidity fund of £2-3 billion to support the banking system in December 1973. Institutional investors (financial, pension and insurance companies, who were often creditors to property companies) were encouraged to take over their collateral, rather than force a distressed asset sale that would further depress values across all other similar assets. Institutional investors thus became increasingly involved in direct ownership of commercial real estate. In a further attempt to limit the "fire sale" of distressed assets, a moratorium of creditors established "Cork's dam" to manage the assets of the failed Stern Group of companies. Also in December 1973 the Bank of England introduced the Supplementary Deposit Scheme (the "corset") that continued until February 1975 and intermittently thereafter.
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jchancellor-FAypfDUnLy

Seven factors in the 1970s London office market crash 

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The office sector in Sydney and Melbourne — Australia’s largest markets — is poised for modest improvement in 2016, says the latest Cushman &amp; Wakefield’s Asia Pacific Outlook for the year, after property markets ended 2015 in higher gear even with below-trend economic growth in the region.
Sydney’s CBD is benefitting from ongoing structural changes to the Australian economy, especially with the services sector in New South Wales witnessing a resurgence in employment as the state economy returns to trend growth rates, the research headed by Sigrid Zialcita notes.
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Population growth, retail spending and dwelling construction activity have been the main contributors to the state’s economic growth in recent quarters. 
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Similarly, a revival in Melbourne’s CBD will persist as corporate expansions gain traction and the flight- to-quality sees businesses relocate from the suburbs. As the development cycle ebbs, prime office rents in Melbourne’s CBD are forecast to edge up moderately as vacancies continue to fall. 
That said, expect office prices in both cities to appreciate and spur further compression in cap rates, especially for the highest-grade buildings, although investment volumes are expected to slide due to the lack of stock on the market. 
Another factor driving up prices in both cities is the perpetuation of high yields. Notably, with interest rates forecast to stay at record lows, not to mention that the Reserve Bank of Australia has left the door open to further easing to guard against downside risks, projected yield spreads (320- 340 bps) will remain among the highest in the region.
However, Western Australia, which is disproportionately exposed to mining, will continue to lag behind. As such, the office sector in Perth will continue to be sluggish.
<a href="/images/2016/02/10/Screen%20Shot%202016-02-10%20at%2011.58.49%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/02/10/Screen%20Shot%202016-02-10%20at%2011.58.49%20AM.png" alt="">
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Sydney and Melbourne office markets treading firmer ground: Cushman & Wakefield 2016 outlook

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Darwin was the clear underperformer across all capital cities in Australia, according to the latest Office Market Report by the Property Council of Australia, with the vacancy rate nearly doubling over last year.
This was the result of an economic convergence of increasing supply and lower demand. The city reported the highest supply rate increase in Australia at the same time as it was experiencing the lowest demand growth, says the PCA.
The vacancy rate rose to 20.7 per cent from 10.9 per cent last year.
“Darwin city has recorded the highest supply rate increase and the lowest demand growth in the nation,” said PCA Northern Territory director Ruth Palmer said.
“A significant amount of supply has been brought onto the market over the last 24 months. This has occurred despite demand weakening during the same period.”
The report shows that negative demand was concentrated in the lower grades. 
“Darwin’s vacancy rate has jumped 9.8 per cent and this was largely due to -18,727sqm of net absorption and 16,286sqm of supply additions. 
All grades of space recorded vacancies of about 15 per cent. 
“In order for us to see a long-term improvement in the office market, we need further investment in the City Centre, in particular the implementation of the Darwin City Centre Master Plan projects,” added Palmer. 
“Furthermore, it's critical that we receive a commitment from the Northern Territory Government to increase employment levels in the City Centre. 
“Not only do we need to increase employment levels and investment in the city, we need to encourage further residential development to allow for additional population growth in our City Centre. 
<a href="/images/2016/02/04/Screen%20Shot%202016-02-04%20at%2010.41.43%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
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Darwin office vacancy rate doubles: PCA

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National office vacancy in Australia remained largely flat, says the latest Property Council of Australia Office Market Report but it belies the changes to the economy as the mining investment boom ends and significant new office space comes online.
The rise in vacancy was 10.5 percent from 10.4 percent, but demand was seen increasing for the fourth consecutive period.
“The almost static national rate makes it look like it is all smooth sailing across the lake. This hides what is happening below the surface,” said Property Council chief executive Ken Morrison, pointing to the major differences between the cities and regional areas. 
“The economy is in transition; Sydney and Melbourne are reclaiming their historic claims as the economic engine-rooms of the economy; and in most cities, we are witnessing strong increases in demand. This demand is being sufficiently met by significant additions to office supply.”
He said the demand for offices in Sydney and Melbourne is strong, which is good news for Australia as the mining investment boom ends. 
Sydney CBD and Melbourne CBD showed the lowest vacancy rates with 6.3 per cent and 7.7 per cent respectively, closely followed by Hobart (8.1 per cent). The two top cities are also the best performing markets by net absorption.
“But the story is not even. Office vacancies in Brisbane, Perth, Canberra, Adelaide and Darwin are more than double that of Sydney,” Morrison said. 
The report also shows that Sydney, Brisbane and Adelaide will all have above average increases in new office stock over the next year.
Other highlights include: 
• Vacancy rates falling in 13 of the 17 Non-CBD markets tracked
• Vacancy rates increasing in Adelaide CBD (14.1 per cent up from 13.5 per cent), Perth CBD (19.2 per cent up from 16.6 per cent) and Darwin CBD (20.7 per cent up from 10.9 per cent)
<ul>
<li>An additional 394,243 sqm in office space was added over the last six months – 25 per cent higher than the historic average </li>
</ul>
 “The latest figures from the Property Council of Australia highlight the two-tier nature of Australia’s office markets nationally as a new year swings into action,” commented Simon Hunt, managing director- office leasing at Colliers International.
“In 2016, tenant appetite for Australian office space will continue to diverge between the high demand cities of Sydney and Melbourne and the country’s remaining major cities.”
The non-CBD markets were holding up well too with 13 out of 17 reporting falls in vacancy rates and 11 out of 17 markets reporting lower vacancy rates than the Australia wide non-CBD rate.
Perth saw the first positive net absorption (42,387sqm) after three years of negative demand. This helped to offset the large spike of an additional 113,463 sqm of new office stock that was added to the market over the past six months. 
Sydney continues to have the lowest vacancies and strongest demand of all cities. As well, it has a strong pipeline of new stock with 243,126 sqm expected in 2016. 
The fall in Hobart’s vacancy rate is occurring at the same time as major regulatory changes are taking place. These include the passage of the Tasmanian Planning Scheme and proposed changes to the Building Act amendments. 
Brisbane’s vacancy rate remained steady. The city is expecting an additional 192,281sqm in office space to come online during 2016. Brisbane is facing near record levels of new supply over the next year, which will continue to put pressure on this market. 
Melbourne’s vacancy rate fell to 7.7 per cent – second only to Sydney – off the back of strong demand. With 71,768sqm of new supply to come on board over the next year and none forecast for 2017, this market can be expected to remain tight. 
Adelaide continues to suffer from negative demand with CBD vacancies reaching as high as 20.6 per cent for D grade property. 
Canberra’s vacancy rate fell from 15.3 per cent to 14.9 per cent. While the improvement is welcome, the city continues to have one of the highest vacancy rates in the nation. The prevalence of older buildings throughout the city has seen vacancy rates hit 30 per cent for D grade properties. 
Darwin reported the worst result in the nation with vacancies increasing from 10.9 per cent to 20.7 per cent. This was the result of an economic convergence of increasing supply and lower demand. The city reported the highest supply rate increase in Australia at the same time as it was experiencing the lowest demand growth.
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Modest rise in national office vacancy, but demand soars in Sydney, Melbourne: PCA report

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A 19th century building in Melbourne’s Surry Hills has two new corporate tenants.
The corner building at 613 Canterbury Road, Surrey Hills (above) will house Melbourne start-up and financial services provider Selfwealth, and 51 Pay.
Selfwealth will occupy 330 square metres on level 1, while 51 Pay will move into level 2, also 330 sqm. 
Both have rented the spaces at $250 per sqm with $50 per sqm on outgoings. Car spaces are leased at $120 per space per month.
Fitzroys agents Martin Huang and Michael Ryan negotiated the deals in the three-level building.
The building was constructed in 1888 as the Surrey Family Hotel, “Surrey Lodge”, and was closed by a poll in 1920. It was renovated in 1939 and made into shops and a guest house, which was followed by another makeover in the 1990s.
 
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New tenants for historic building in Melbourne’s Surrey Hills

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With 4.96 million square metres of total stock, Sydney CBD is the largest office market in Australia, according to Savills’ latest office research.
It is also the most sought after; a fact highlighted by strong prime property rents and yields.
Savills recorded approximately $5.66 billion of office transactions, in the 12 months to December 2015, in the Sydney CBD.
This is up 19 percent from $4.78 billion in the previous 12 months, and up on the five year average of $3.25 billion.
During the same period 29 properties were sold, down on the previous 12 months (47), and down on the five year average of 31.
Sydney experienced its strongest year of office investment in over a decade in 2015.
Among the prominent ones was the sale of 60 Margaret Street (50%) to an offshore equity buyer for $279.5 million, reflecting a circa 6.5% passing yield.
The building comprises a 38-level hexagonal office block including three levels of car parking, three floors of retail space known as the Metcentre, 30 floors of office space and two plant levels. It has a total net lettable area 47,047 sqm.
In July 2015, Investa Property Trust concluded the sale of nine assests to China Investments Corporation (CIC).
The portfolio generally comprised Premium or A Grade office buildings.
Six of the assets are located in the Sydney CBD.
At a reported $2.455 billion ($1.825 billion in the Sydney CBD), the sale represents an approximate 25% increase on the understood December 2014 book values and a reported portfolio yield of 5%.
This arguably reset the benchmark for market yields and IRRs for good quality CBD assets by 25 to 50 basis points tighter over the quarter.
<a href="/images/2016/02/03/Screen20Shot202016-02-0320at2012.12.1520pm.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/02/03/Screen20Shot202016-02-0320at2012.12.1520pm.png" alt="">
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Sydney CBD office transactions up 19 percent on year: Savills

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Sydney and Melbourne continue to lead the office market recovery in Australia, according to latest figures from JLL Research. 
Statistics on national office markets for the fourth quarter of 2015 showed positive net absorption of 26,700 sqm over the quarter across CBD office markets and 296,900 sqm over the past 12 months. 
The net absorption for 2015 was nearly 100,000 sqm higher than the 20 year average for CBD office markets (197,000 sqm).
“Activity in the office sector is intrinsically linked to the health of the labour market. While the rate of hiring varied by state and industry sector, overall headcount growth was firm in 2015,” said JLL’s head of Strategic Research, Australia, Andrew Ballantyne.
“Employment growth was strongest in NSW and VIC and this was reflected in above trend net absorption results for the Sydney and Melbourne CBDs in 2015.”
Brisbane CBD, however, surprised on the upside with a sharp reduction in sub-lease availability over 2015, he added.
<a href="/images/2016/02/02/Screen%20Shot%202016-02-02%20at%203.31.02%20PM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/02/02/Screen%20Shot%202016-02-02%20at%203.31.02%20PM.png" alt="">
 
The availability of backfill space from relocation to new development stock, however, resulted in the national CBD office market vacancy rate rising to 12.6% from 12% in the previous quarter. 
The Sydney CBD recorded positive net absorption of 24,400 sqm in 4Q15 and 144,800 sqm over the past 12 months. However, vacancy rate rose marginally by 0.1 percentage point to 7.8% in 4Q15 from the previous quarter.
“The recovery in the Sydney CBD office market continues to be led by the technology sector. Expedia and Dropbox committed to new space and expanded their occupational footprint in the Sydney CBD in Q4,” JLL’s head of Office Leasing, Australia, Tim O’Connor said.
He said the trend of new entrants into Sydney would remain a relevant theme in 2016 and the announcement of new infrastructure projects by the NSW government was a positive for the medium-term economic outlook.
“As the demand recovery across Sydney’s office markets crystallises, the number of genuine options for tenants has diminished and competition for space has translated into positive effective rental growth.”
<a href="/images/2016/02/02/Screen%20Shot%202016-02-02%20at%203.31.07%20PM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/02/02/Screen%20Shot%202016-02-02%20at%203.31.07%20PM.png" alt="">
Prime gross effective rents in the Sydney CBD increased by 3.9% in Q4 and by 9.5% over 2015. Rental growth was not limited to the CBD with the Sydney Fringe (+12.2%), North Sydney (+6.6%) and Parramatta (+6.6%) all recording above trend effective rental growth in 2015.
The Melbourne CBD recorded 3,700 sqm of positive net absorption in 4Q15 and 128,500 sqm over the past 12 months. As a result, the vacancy rate compressed from 10.1% in Q3 to 10% at the end of 2015. 
“The relatively flat net absorption result masked the divergence in prime and secondary vacancy rates. The availability of good quality space has allowed companies to upgrade the quality of their premises and the prime grade vacancy rate moved below 10%,” O’Connor said.
While office market net absorption surprised on the upside in Sydney and Melbourne over the past 12 months, only four of the six monitored CBD office markets recorded positive net absorption over 2015. 
The Brisbane CBD was one of the markets to perform above expectations and recorded four successive quarters of positive net absorption in 2015. Net absorption in Q4 came in at 11,300 sqm and was 26,600 sqm over 2015. 
“While leasing volumes remain thin in Brisbane, a reduction in sub-lease availability from 3.28% of total stock in 2014 to 1.44% in 2015 provides tangible evidence that companies are willing to retain excess space in anticipation of modest headcount growth in the short-term,” Ballantyne said.
The Perth CBD recorded positive net absorption of 600 sqm in 4Q15. However, net absorption was negative 19,100 sqm over 2015.
“It is too early to confidently call the trough in the Perth CBD office leasing market. However, the rate of contraction has slowed significantly over 2015 and the physical market will show further signs of stabilisation in 2016,” Ballantyne said.
Canberra recorded positive net absorption of 18,000 sqm over 2015. As a result, Canberra’s vacancy rate has trended down over 2015 and finished the year at 14.1%.
In 4Q15, the Adelaide CBD recorded net absorption of -11,300 sqm and vacancy increased to 16.7% over the quarter. The vacancy rate in Adelaide is now at the highest level since 1999.
“The easing of leasing incentives we recorded in Sydney over the latter part of 2015 will become a more pronounced theme in 2016. However, vacancy pressures in Perth, Adelaide and Brisbane will require owners to commit capital expenditure to reposition assets to ensure that they remain relevant in competitive leasing markets,” concluded O’Connor.
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