<p>ASX-listed developer <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/stockland">Stockland</a>&nbsp;is continuing its push back into the new apartment market, filing plans for a prominent gateway site between Collingwood and East Melbourne.</p>

<p>The development giant, which moved back into the new apartment space when it announced Stanton Place in Sydney's Rosebery and have since filed plans for a 50-storey tower, are jumping into the off the plan Melbourne market.</p>

<p>They are hoping to create a mixed-use neighbourhood precinct for <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/79-81-victoria-parade-collingwood-vic-3066">79-81 Victoria Parade</a>, replacing an existing commercial building with a scheme by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/john-wardle-architects">Wardle</a>&nbsp;for 478 apartments,&nbsp;ground-floor retail, new public open spaces and a publicly accessible pedestrian laneway.</p>

<p><img alt="First look: Stockland plans new mixed-use neighbourhood precinct for Collingwood gateway site" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="72dbbca9-3918-4073-afad-a0c0c35be8e7" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/stockland%20pers.png?VersionId=bzMVUKKxvwuNK1m0v_td126Rgct32uk_" /></p>

<p>The design report identifies the public realm as a central driver of the proposal.</p>

<p>"Collingwood has limited access to high-quality parks and public open space, and the proposal delivers valuable new areas for respite, social interaction and fine-grain retail activity."</p>

<p>The development would deliver a diverse mix of housing, including studio, one, two and three-bedroom apartments alongside townhouse-style residences. Two basement levels are proposed beneath the development, providing resident and retail parking as well as extensive bicycle facilities.</p>

<p>Wardle's design draws heavily on Collingwood's industrial character, using articulated building forms, brickwork and robust materials inspired by the suburb's warehouse and manufacturing heritage. The built form has been broken into a series of smaller volumes to better respond to the surrounding streetscape while extensive communal gardens, rooftop amenities and shared resident spaces are integrated throughout the project.</p>

<p><img alt="First look: Stockland plans new mixed-use neighbourhood precinct for Collingwood gateway site" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="7b2135ed-65df-4253-ad53-f216f06bd467" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/stockland%20podium.png?VersionId=l1B6Hqn8zs772VxH6L1fDPg0KHshan9v" /></p>

<p>The planning documents describe the existing office building as offering little engagement with the public realm, with the redevelopment intended to create a more permeable and active neighbourhood destination.</p>

<p>"The proposed scheme presents a significant opportunity to deliver a vibrant retail plaza and a local neighbourhood hub serving both existing and future Collingwood residents."</p>

<p>The 79–81 Victoria Parade site occupies a strategic location about 1.5 kilometres east of Melbourne's CBD, at the threshold between Collingwood and East Melbourne. It is well served by tram services along Victoria Parade and sits within walking distance of St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy Gardens, the Fitzroy activity centre and a broad range of employment, retail and hospitality destinations.</p>


Joel Robinson

Stockland plans new mixed-use neighbourhood precinct for Collingwood gateway site

<p>An 1880s timber cottage that has survived Kangaroo Point's transformation from riverside suburb to high-density apartment precinct is set to become the centrepiece of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/zephyr">Zephyr Group</a>'s proposed Banksia development.</p>

<p>Rather than see the locally heritage-listed Alpha Cottage as an obstacle to navigate, plans integrate the landmark home into a new 18-storey residential tower, giving one of the suburb's oldest surviving residences a new role as the project's communal hub.</p>

<p>The development application covers a 1,177 sqm amalgamated site at 127-133 Lambert Street and 30 Shafston Avenue, where Zephyr Group plans to deliver 64 apartments above three basement levels. Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/joe-adsett-architects">Joe Adsett Architects</a>, the proposal carefully weaves the retained heritage cottage into a contemporary residential scheme, with the tower elevated above the historic building to preserve its presence within the Lambert Street streetscape.</p>

<p><img alt="First look: Zephyr Group's Banksia to wrap new Kangaroo Point tower around 1880s Alpha Cottage" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="f9dc5bdb-d691-4c60-bf2b-c3ed405a3e75" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Banksia.png?VersionId=Jh4bjlewU.o8HXWt0V4KaFA_lPcF7KWM" /></p>

<p>Named after the native Australian Banksia flower, the project draws inspiration from its distinctive form through curved balconies, sculpted planter boxes and cascading subtropical landscaping that soften the building's profile.</p>

<p>As the design report explains: "The tower's identity is defined by its feature facade, drawing direct inspiration from the Banksia wildflower. The building departs from traditional rigidity through the use of elegant, GRC-moulded planter boxes that appear as if shaped by the breeze."</p>

<p>Plans propose 64 apartments, comprising 32 two-bedroom and 32 three-bedroom residences, across an 18-storey tower. Residents would have access to rooftop amenities including a swimming pool, spa, gym, sauna, private cinema, dining spaces and landscaped recreation areas, while more than half the site is dedicated to planting and open space.</p>

<p><img alt="First look: Zephyr Group's Banksia to wrap new Kangaroo Point tower around 1880s Alpha Cottage" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="16041b5f-033e-47fa-8fbe-9886e072c1f2" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/pool.png?VersionId=kpx5w4EbLx0_TdWfDoD1vrSs0_cZ5Ao1" /></p>

<p>The heritage component is the defining feature of the proposal. Constructed in the early 1880s and occupied from at least 1883, Alpha Cottage is recognised by Brisbane City Council as an important surviving example of Kangaroo Point's nineteenth-century residential development and as a representative transverse-gable timber cottage. Despite extensive redevelopment across the peninsula, the building has retained a high degree of its original form and internal fabric.</p>

<p>As part of the redevelopment, the cottage will be carefully relocated a short distance within its original allotment to facilitate construction before being returned to a prominent position along Lambert Street. Original verandah elements will be dismantled, catalogued and reinstated, while significant internal features, including timber flooring, wall linings, joinery, doors, windows and hardware, will be retained. Later additions, including the enclosed rear verandah, will be removed to better reveal the building's original form.</p>

<p>Once restored, Alpha Cottage will accommodate the building manager's office, mail room and parcel facilities, providing an active everyday use that supports its long-term conservation rather than preserving it as a static display. The heritage strategy also maintains landscaped space around the building, allowing it to remain visually distinct beneath the new tower.</p>

<p><img alt="First look: Zephyr Group's Banksia to wrap new Kangaroo Point tower around 1880s Alpha Cottage" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="43b027e1-576e-4624-a66c-7cc54ea8b7be" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/banksia%20tower.png?VersionId=2W6E2yfkj2AQlWlLeV986grA5zB9f817" /></p>

<p>The Heritage Impact Assessment concludes that "the proposal secures the ongoing occupation, maintenance and conservation of Alpha Cottage," finding the development would result in "no more than a minor impact on the cultural heritage significance" of the building while ensuring its long-term future.</p>

<p>Joe Adsett Architects have designed the tower to sit above the heritage building rather than overwhelm it, creating a clear visual separation between old and new. The development's flowing balconies, integrated planting and organic façade respond to Brisbane's subtropical climate while complementing the restored cottage below.</p>

<p>Banksia occupies a prominent corner in Kangaroo Point within walking distance of the Kangaroo Point Bridge, Brisbane River, ferry services, QUT, the CBD and the Woolloongabba precinct. The site also benefits from direct access to active transport infrastructure and sits within an area earmarked for continued higher-density residential growth.</p>


Zephyr Group's Banksia to wrap new Kangaroo Point tower around 1880s Alpha Cottage

<p>Buying into a masterplanned community often means committing to a vision still years from taking shape. At <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kew-tallawong-23-27-schofields-road-tallawong-nsw-2762">Kew Tallawong</a>, that vision is already visible.</p>

<p>Residents have moved into the completed first stage, landscaped spaces are established, and the next chapter is now underway. Stage 1 has been completed and settled, with Stage 2 now selling off-the-plan.</p>

<p>Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/pbd-architects">PBD Architects</a>, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kew-tallawong-23-27-schofields-road-tallawong-nsw-2762">Kew Tallawong</a> combines attainable apartment living with sustainability initiatives rarely seen at this price point, including rooftop solar, battery storage and a resident EV-sharing program.</p>

<p><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6RNt3AvtBpI?si=JUhuCV2ZRXsYaoJZ" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe></p>

<p>Located on Schofi​elds Road, just moments from Tal​lawong Metro Station and Schof​ields Train Station, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kew-tallawong-23-27-schofields-road-tallawong-nsw-2762">Kew Tallawong</a> has been designed to appeal to a broad mix of buyers, from first-home purchasers looking for a foothold in Sy​dney's property market to downsizers seeking a connected, low-maintenance lifestyle.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kew-tallawong-23-27-schofields-road-tallawong-nsw-2762">Kew Tallawong</a> has been conceived as a thoughtfully planned masterplanned community that will evolve over multiple stages, with buyers now able to secure one, two and three-bedroom apartments within a neighbourhood that is already beginning to establish its identity.</p>

<p>One of the project's defining features is its focus on sustainability. Solar energy systems, battery storage and future EV charging infrastructure have been incorporated throughout the development, reflecting a long-term approach to both environmental performance and everyday convenience.</p>

<p>Sustainability sits at the centre of the development's vision, with solar energy systems, battery storage and future EV charging infrastructure integrated throughout the community.</p>

<p>That emphasis on future-ready living extends beyond the technology. Landscaped communal gardens, outdoor gathering spaces and plans for a future retail precinct aim to create a neighbourhood where residents can access daily conveniences without travelling far from home.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=149637 project_image_fid=351027]</p>

<p>The apartments themselves have been designed with liveability front of mind. Rather than chasing maximum density, the focus has been placed on creating practical homes with generous natural light, usable layouts and strong connections to outdoor space.</p>

<p>Importantly, these design principles have been applied consistently across the one, two and three-bedroom apartment offerings.</p>

<p>The appeal of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kew-tallawong-23-27-schofields-road-tallawong-nsw-2762">Kew Tallawong</a> is also closely linked to its location within Syd​ney's rapidly evolving north-west growth corridor. Over the past decade, major infrastructure investment has transformed the area, with new transport links, business precincts and community facilities reshaping suburbs like Talla​wong and Schofiel​ds.</p>

<p>The agent says buyers are increasingly recognising the area's long-term potential.</p>

<p>"Typical buyers that we're finding across <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kew-tallawong-23-27-schofields-road-tallawong-nsw-2762">Kew Tallawong</a> especially are your first-home buyers, your investors, your upsizers as well as your downsizers," Hawes says.</p>

<p>Connectivity remains one of the project's strongest drawcards. Residents have access to both Tallaw​ong Metro Station and Schofi​elds Train Station, providing links to the Sydn​ey CBD, Norw​est Business Park, Macquari​e Park and other major employment hubs. Retail centres including Rous​e Hill Town Centre and Sch​ofields Village are also nearby, alongside schools, parks and future healthcare infrastructure.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=149637 project_image_fid=351031]</p>

<p>For Stage 1 resident Roji, it is the balance between convenience and comfort that has defined the experience of living at Kew.</p>

<p>"For me, it's a balance of quality and convenience," she says. "Everything I need is right here."</p>

<p>"If I wanted to catch the train, Scho​fields Station is just around the corner. Tallaw​ong Metro connects me to the city."</p>

<p>More importantly, she says, the development has delivered something that cannot be measured in floorplans or specifications.</p>

<p>"<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kew-tallawong-23-27-schofields-road-tallawong-nsw-2762">Kew Tallawong</a> feels like home."</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=149637 project_image_fid=351024]</p>

<p>As Stage 2 enters the market, that lived experience may be one of the project's strongest selling points. Buyers are not purchasing into an untested concept or a future promise. They are joining a community that is already taking shape.</p>

<p>Ongoing investment in transport, retail, healthcare and public open space continues to strengthen the appeal of Syd​ney's north-west growth corridor, while <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kew-tallawong-23-27-schofields-road-tallawong-nsw-2762">Kew Tallawong</a>'s established first stage provides buyers with a tangible sense of the community's future direction.</p>

<p>For a limited time, buyer can secure a new home at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kew-tallawong-23-27-schofields-road-tallawong-nsw-2762">Kew Tallawong</a> with just a $10,000.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=149637]</p>


Kew Tallawong: A growing community taking shape in Sydney's north-west

<p><a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/freecity">Freecity</a> has received development approval for its 51-storey mixed-use tower at 153-157 Walker Street, North Sydney, set to be one of the tallest mixed-use residential-led buildings in one of Sydney’s most sought-after commercial and residential addresses.</p>

<p>Lodged as a State Significant Development Application (SSDA) through the Housing Delivery Authority (HDA) pathway and approved by the NSW Department of Planning, Housing and Infrastructure following a comprehensive public exhibition and submissions process, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/153-walker-street-north-sydney-nsw-2060">the project</a> will deliver 296 apartments, alongside a 170-room, luxury hotel, activated retail and significant public domain improvements.</p>

<p>Situated just 200 metres from Victoria Cross Metro Station, on one of the largest developable sites in North Sydney, the development will rise to 234 metres, making it one of the tallest buildings in the suburb. With an end value of approximately $1.5 billion, the project responds directly to the NSW Government’s mandate to accelerate housing delivery in well-located, transit-connected areas.</p>

<p><img alt="Freecity gets green light for mixed-use residential and hotel tower in North Sydney" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="192ec455-94bf-4e01-83ef-922b1b269d67" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Freecity%20-%20Walker%20Street%20North%20Sydney%201%20RESIZED%20.jpg?VersionId=Bzqp0SBHCDvLAHjA4QXkjuGoOEIh73Jl" /></p>

<p data-end="1160" data-start="703">The apartment mix will cater to a broad range of buyers, with 65 studio and one-bedroom apartments, 139 two-bedroom residences, 35 three-bedroom apartments, 48 four-bedroom homes, and nine penthouses. Residents will have access to a dedicated amenity level on Level 33, featuring a swimming pool with views towards the Harbour Bridge, Sydney Opera House and North Sydney CBD, as well as a gym, library, shared kitchen, lounge and outdoor entertaining areas.</p>

<p data-end="1394" data-start="1162">The hotel will occupy the lower six levels of the building and include meeting and function spaces, a wellness centre with gym, yoga studio, swimming pool and sauna, further strengthening North Sydney's growing hospitality offering.</p>

<p data-end="1767" data-start="1396">At ground level, the development has been designed to improve pedestrian connections through the precinct. More than 700 sqm of retail space will activate the street frontage, while a landscaped through-site link connecting Walker Street, Little Walker Street and Doris Fitton Park will provide new public open space with seating, paving and extensive native landscaping.</p>

<p data-end="1936" data-start="1769">Freecity Group Co-Founder and Joint CEO Tony Sun said the project represents one of the most significant development opportunities currently available in North Sydney.</p>

<p data-end="2070" data-start="1938">"This is one of the most significant development sites in North Sydney and it comes at a pivotal moment for the precinct," Sun said.</p>

<p data-end="2230" data-start="2072">"North Sydney is undergoing a genuine transformation, and this project will contribute housing the city urgently needs while creating a landmark destination."</p>

<p data-end="2397" data-start="2232">Executive Director of Development Michael Romano said demand for both residential and hotel accommodation would continue to strengthen as the Metro precinct matures.</p>

<p data-end="2600" data-start="2399">"The structural demand for high-quality housing and hotel accommodation in North Sydney is compelling, and will only grow as the precinct continues to evolve around the new Metro station," Romano said.</p>

<p data-end="2805" data-start="2602">Architectus has designed the tower, orientating the apartments to maximise views towards Sydney Harbour while introducing a sculpted façade intended to respond to light, wind and the surrounding skyline.</p>

<p data-end="2942" data-start="2807">Architectus Principal Marko Damic said the design sought to create a tower that contributes to the public realm as much as the skyline.</p>

<p data-end="3078" data-start="2944">"We wanted to design a tower that doesn't just sit in the skyline but actively participates and contributes to city life," Damic said.</p>


First look: Freecity gets green light for mixed-use apartment and hotel tower in North Sydney

<p><a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/abadeen">Abadeen</a> and <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/perifa">PERIFA</a> have celebrated the topping out of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/putney-wharf-harbourfront-precinct-20-waterview-street-putney-nsw-2112">Putney Wharf,</a> marking a significant milestone in the delivery of one of Syd​ney's most anticipated waterfront communities.</p>

<p>Located on Sydney's harbourfront at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/putney-nsw-2112">Putney</a>, the project has now reached its highest structural point, with construction progressing strongly towards completion in 2027.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
The milestone was celebrated on-site with project partners Phoenix Property Investors, Mitsubishi Estate Asia, Versatile Construction, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/sjb-architects">SJB</a>, consultants and stakeholders, to recognise the collective effort behind the transformation of the historic waterfront site into a vibrant new residential, marina and lifestyle destination.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=13962 project_image_fid=362240]<br />
&nbsp;<br />
<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/putney-wharf-harbourfront-precinct-20-waterview-street-putney-nsw-2112">Putney Wharf</a> will deliver a mix of waterfront residences and terraces, complemented by a private 36-berth marina, waterfront dining opportunities and a revitalised foreshore designed to reconnect the community with the river's edge.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
Abadeen Executive Chairman and Founder Justin Brown said the project represented a rare opportunity to create the next chapter in Sydn​ey's long history of successful waterfront precincts.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
"Throughout Sydney, some of the city's most sought-after addresses have emerged from carefully considered waterfront precincts such as Woolloom​ooloo Wharf, Walsh Bay and Breakfast Point," Brown said.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=13962 project_image_fid=362566]<br />
&nbsp;<br />
"What makes these places so successful is that they become much more than residential developments," Brown said.</p>

<p>"They bring together homes, hospitality, marina facilities, public spaces and a strong sense of community in locations where future supply is incredibly limited."</p>

<p>Brown has long described absolute waterfront land in Sy​dney as "finite."</p>

<p>"Once these opportunities are developed, they are rarely replicated. That's why Syd​ney's waterfront precincts have consistently demonstrated strong demand and long-term value growth over many decades.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
"<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/putney-wharf-harbourfront-precinct-20-waterview-street-putney-nsw-2112">Putney Wharf</a> is one of the few remaining opportunities to secure a residence within a masterplanned waterfront community that combines direct water access, marina ownership opportunities and a genuine village lifestyle just moments from the Sy​dney CBD."</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=13962 project_image_fid=362564]<br />
&nbsp;<br />
PERIFA Founder and Managing Director Fabrizio Perilli said the project reflected a shared commitment to delivering exceptional places that create long-term value for residents and the broader community.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
"The topping out milestone is a significant achievement for the Versatile Group and a testament to the collaboration between all project partners, consultants and contractors involved," Perilli said.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
"Beyond the residences themselves, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/putney-wharf-harbourfront-precinct-20-waterview-street-putney-nsw-2112">Putney Wharf</a> will establish a new waterfront destination that celebrates the history, character and lifestyle of this unique location while creating a lasting legacy for future generations."</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=13962 project_image_fid=291195]<br />
&nbsp;<br />
Construction is being delivered by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/builders/versatile">Versatile Construction</a>, with structural works now substantially complete across the precinct. Attention will progressively shift to the construction of the waterview terraces, apartment façades, services and interior fit-out works over the coming months.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
With limited residences and marina berths remaining, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/putney-wharf-harbourfront-precinct-20-waterview-street-putney-nsw-2112">Putney Wharf</a> continues to attract strong interest from owner occupiers and downsizers seeking a premium waterfront lifestyle within close proximity to Putne​y Village, Rh​odes, Top Ry​de and the Syd​ney CBD.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
As one of the last opportunities to secure a residence within a new masterplanned waterfront community on Sy​dney Harbour, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/putney-wharf-harbourfront-precinct-20-waterview-street-putney-nsw-2112">Putney Wharf</a> is expected to remain a highly sought-after address for years to come.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=13962]</p>


Abadeen, PERIFA, top out Putney Wharf harbourfront precinct

Household Wealth

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<p>EXPERT OBSERVER</p>
<p>The ABS data showed that at the end of the March quarter, household net worth was $10.243 trillion.</p>
<p>While a large figure, household wealth has now fallen for two consecutive quarters and is -0.7% lower year-on-year. The $10.243 trillion in net worth is madeup of $12.701 trillion in assets and $2.458 trillion in liabilities. The recent fall in the value of assets at a time in which liabilities have continued to rise has led to the fall in net worth.</p>
<p>The Reserve Bank (RBA) analyses this data to produce a number of valuable ratios, including: debt, assets and interest payments to household disposable income.</p>
<p>These ratios highlight the impact of high levels of debt at a time in which asset values have fallen but the debt has not fallen at the same pace.</p>
<p>We’ve seen the ratio of household debt to disposable income continue to climb over the quarter, reaching a new historic high of 189.7%. The rise in household debt relative to incomes has certainly slowed; however, it continues to edge higher.</p>
<p>The ratio of housing debt to disposable income is recorded at 140.1% and was unchanged over the quarter. While it was unchanged over the quarter, it remains at an historic high level, highlighting that households remain very sensitive to the cost of mortgage debt.</p>
<p>Turning to the ratio of household assets to disposable income, it was recorded at 927.0% in March 2019. The ratio peaked at 961.7% in December 2017 and has trended lower since. The ratio of housing assets to disposable income peaked at 529.6% in December 2017 and as at March 2019; it was recorded at 483.5%.</p>
<p>The reduction in housing values has coincided with the period in which the ratio of household and housing assets has fallen which is no wonder when you consider housing accounts for around half of the value of household assets. </p>
<p>It's also important to consider is that while the value of assets are falling there has been no reduction in the ratios of debt to income which highlights that asset depreciation has been greater than debt reduction. As a result, the ratio of household debts to assets is at 20.5%, the highest it has been since December 2014 and the ratio of housing debt to assets is at 29.0%, the highest it has been since June 2013.</p>
<p>Despite the lowest interest rates since the 1960s, the ratio of interest payments to disposable income has trended higher years. As at March 2019 the ratio was recorded at 9.1% and although it has been steady for three quarters, interest payments relative to disposable income has trended higher on an annual basis</p>
<p>Furthermore, the ratio of interest payments to disposable income was last this high in September 2013. It is a similar story for the ratio of housing interest payments to disposable income, which is also trending higher, recorded at 7.6%, which is the highest ratio since June 2013.</p>
<p>With interest rates at generational lows there was perhaps, some expectation that households would use the low rates to pay off some debt however that has largely not occurred. With asset values recently falling the data shows that debt pay off has not been as rapid as the declines leading to a reduction in household wealth.</p>
<p>This data is to March 2019 and by the end of June 2019, there were some tentative signs that the declines in dwelling values were starting to level. While this means that there is likely to be a further decline in household wealth over the June quarter, it also suggests there is unlikely to be a meaningful reduction in household debt levels.</p>
<p>As such, household debt levels are likely to remain amongst the highest in the world. At the same time, the value of household assets remain substantially higher than the value of the debt. The cause for concern will be what happens if economic conditions deteriorate materially, leading to weaker labour market conditions and potentially creating some challenges around servicing such high levels of debt as unemployment rises.</p>
<p>Another medium to long-term consideration is a scenario where interest rates eventually start to rise. Households are generally able to service high levels of household debt while interest rates are at record lows, but eventually (probably not for at least several years) interest rates will rise.</p>
<p>If household debt levels remain high relative to incomes under a higher interest rate environment, the result could be weakness in household spending (as households dedicate more of their income towards servicing their debt) and potentially higher levels of financial stress amongst heavily leveraged households.</p>
<p><em>CAMERON KUSHER is the head of research for the Australian branch of CoreLogic</em></p>
<p><em>Kusher regularly posts on the <a href="https://www.corelogic.com.au/news" target="_blank">CoreLogic website</a>.</em></p>
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ckusher-ujnxiKuFQs

Australian Household wealth falling while debt remains: Cameron Kusher

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<p>Household financial comfort fell across regional Australia during the six months to December 2019, according to ME Bank’s latest Household Financial Comfort Report.</p>
<p>While ME Bank’s latest biannual survey showed the financial comfort of metropolitan households increased 3% to 5.76 out of 10 to near record highs – especially in eastern Australia – financial comfort for regional households fell 4% to 5.08, continuing a decline over the past year to approach its lowest point in the past eight years.</p>
<p>ME’s Consulting Economist, Jeff Oughton, said the gap in financial comfort between regional and metropolitan households had now reached a record 13%, almost twice the historical average of 7%.</p>
<p>“The sharp fall in financial comfort in regional areas is likely a result of ongoing drought and recent bushfire catastrophes, which have significantly lowered already low levels of financial comfort."</p>
<p>"‘Comfort with cash savings’ fell 9% and the ‘ability to deal with financial emergencies’ fell 7%, while long-term retirement comfort deteriorated, with ‘anticipated standard of living in retirement’ down 7%."</p>
<p>"Regional Queensland reported the largest fall in comfort, down 14% to 4.95, dipping below regional New South Wales (5.09) and Victoria (5.20)."</p>
<p>“In contrast, the improvement in the financial comfort of metropolitan households reflected significant gains in all key drivers, with record high levels of comfort approached in Sydney (up 1% to 5.94), Melbourne (up 3% to 5.91) and Brisbane (up 10% to 5.82).”</p>
<p><strong>Record low mortgage rates and rising house prices improving comfort with debt in the major cities</strong></p>
<p>Across the 11 key drivers that make up ME’s Household Financial Comfort Index, the biggest improvement was with ‘comfort with debt’, up 5% to 6.55 out of 10, reaching record highs. ‘Comfort with debt’ increased 7% for households in metropolitan areas, particularly those with mortgages on their homes or on an investment property.</p>
<p>“Significantly lower home loan rates and relatively low and stable unemployment rates helped to significantly improve ‘comfort with debt’ – especially in major capital cities, while a partial reversal of the fall in residential property prices in eastern capital cities and expectations of further price gains have also eased gearing concerns,” said Oughton.</p>
<p>Mortgage stress eases further and expected debt management improves Consistent with a significant fall in home loan rates, sustained low unemployment and improved property prices in most of Australia, mortgage stress eased a bit further during the past six months.</p>
<p>Nevertheless, there remains generally high levels of mortgage stress and significant other financial stress amongst households.</p>
<p><strong>Record low Reserve Bank official interest rates helping, but divide households </strong></p>
<p>For the first time in the latest survey, ME asked households if they thought they were ‘better’ or ‘worse off’ as a result of the historically low official interest rates.</p>
<p>Overall, slightly more households reported being better off (27%), compared to worse off (23%), while the remaining half of households reported they weren’t impacted positively or negatively.</p>
<p>“Those households paying off a mortgage felt they were far better off than those renting or who already own their homes. When it came to investors with debt, results show they feel they’ve benefitted the most (60% ‘better off’) from the flow on to record low mortgage rates – an indication of the high level of gearing among residential property investors in Australia.”</p>
<p>In terms of life stage, young singles and couples with no children appeared to be the biggest winners, with over half (51%) saying they were ‘better off’, followed by couples with young children (41%).</p>
<p><strong>Property price optimism revised higher</strong></p>
<p>The report revealed household optimism regarding the outlook for residential property prices has continued, with both owner occupiers (47%) and investors (51%) revising up price expectations for 2020.</p>
<p>Brisbane investors and owner occupiers were the most optimistic about higher property prices (67% and 61%, respectively), followed by Melbourne owner occupiers (55%) and Sydney investors (51%). Owner occupiers in Perth (29%) remain the least optimistic in this regard.  </p>
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Household financial comfort fell across regional Australia: ME Bank

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<p>GUEST OBSERVATION</p>
<p>The latest data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics confirms household wealth has fallen, on the back of falling house prices, in the past year.</p>
<p>But it’s not all bad news. There are signs of hope in the portents for the next six months.</p>
<p>During the first quarter of this year, the net worth of all Australian households rose 0.2% to A$10.2 trillion. Total household net worth in March 2019 was 0.7% lower than in March 2018, largely because of steep falls over the final six months of 2018.</p>
<p>The per capita annual decline was larger, falling by about 2.4%, because of population growth. This means the average wealth of Australians dropped by about A$9,500, from A$414,400 to A$404,900.</p>
<p><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281542/original/file-20190627-76734-mgok7i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281542/original/file-20190627-76734-mgok7i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a></p>
<p><em><span class="attribution"><span class="source">(Source: ABS)</span></span></em></p>
<p>This household “balance sheet event” – defined as an annual decline in household sector net wealth – is the third in the past 30 years. The other two were through the Global Financial Crisis of 2008 and immediately after.</p>
<p>Housing (land and dwellings) comprises 52% of household-sector assets. Superannuation comprises 24%. Property values fluctuate with real estate prices, while superannuation is highly exposed to volatility within the financial markets.</p>
<p><strong>Consumer spending</strong></p>
<p>The next chart highlights the relationship between changes in household net worth and spending on discretionary items and durable goods.</p>
<p><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281543/original/file-20190627-76705-1x1u3cv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281543/original/file-20190627-76705-1x1u3cv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a> </p>
<p><em><span class="attribution"><span class="source">(Source: ABS)</span></span></em></p>
<p>But what is interesting is that consumer sentiment has not been significantly affected.</p>
<p>The following chart shows household net worth vs Westpac’s consumer sentiment data. This is the first major downturn in household net wealth in 30 years that has not coincided with weaker consumer sentiment.</p>
<p><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281544/original/file-20190627-76743-j7e3bv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281544/original/file-20190627-76743-j7e3bv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a></p>
<p><em><span class="attribution"><span class="source">(Source: ABS &amp; Westpac)</span></span></em></p>
<p>It’s hard to know for certain why consumer confidence has remained relatively steady, but two things stand out.</p>
<p>First, the consumer financial adjustment has been orderly and deliberate as opposed to rapid and forced. It appears people have consciously adjusted spending and savings patterns to achieve long-term savings goals.</p>
<p>Second, there has been ongoing strength in the labour market. Despite falling wealth, people still have jobs and this reinforces confidence.</p>
<p><strong>Shares and housing stocks</strong></p>
<p>It is safe to say consumers will start spending more once they feel their asset position has stabilised.</p>
<p>Strong equity markets have played a big role in shoring up household wealth since the start of this year. As the next chart demonstrates, they could continue to do so over the period ahead.</p>
<p><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281545/original/file-20190627-76701-g5i77p.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281545/original/file-20190627-76701-g5i77p.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a></p>
<p><em><span class="attribution"><span class="source">(Source: ABS &amp; Bloomberg)</span></span></em></p>
<p>But the big swing factor is house prices – specifically land values. The Reserve Bank’s interest rate cuts should help stabilise house prices over the second half of 2019.</p>
<p>Our last chart suggests this appears to have started, with auction clearance rates improving in recent months.</p>
<p><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281548/original/file-20190627-76722-ruuein.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/281548/original/file-20190627-76722-ruuein.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a></p>
<p><em><span class="attribution"><span class="source">(Source: ABS &amp; CoreLogic &amp; Bloomberg)</span></span></em></p>
<p>This all suggests household wealth could start growing again in the second half of the year. That should go a long way to stabilising the economy.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/119001/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;"></p>
<p><em><strong>Warren Hogan</strong>, Industry Professor, University of Technology Sydney.</em></p>
<p><em>This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/australian-household-wealth-has-taken-its-biggest-dive-since-the-gfc-but-things-are-looking-up-119001" target="_blank">original article</a>.</em></p>
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Australian household wealth has taken its biggest dive since the GFC, but things are looking up: Warren Hogan

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<p class="article-details">EXPERT OBSERVER</p>
<p class="article-details">Westpac expects falling house prices to see a significant ‘wealth effect’ drag on Australian consumer demand this year and next. However, the exact nature and size of this effect remains a major area of uncertainty. What does the latest evidence show?</p>
<div>
<p>For a start, the housing correction is starting to have a clearer impact on the household balance sheet. Latest data shows the total value of dwelling assets fell $270bn over 2018, reflecting both lower prices and slower additions to the dwelling stock. The decline amounts to 40% of a year’s income. Relative to income that is about half the size of the peak to trough falls seen in the GFC and 2011-12 correction.</p>
<p>Recall that the ‘signature’ of a wealth effect drag is a fall in net worth accompanied by a rise in the savings rate, the latter meaning that spending is growing at a slower pace than incomes. Also recall that the shock effect should be confined to states experiencing material price declines (NSW, Victoria and WA).</p>
<p>Westpac compiles estimates of household net worth and savings rates by state based on a range of annual and quarterly benchmarks. These ‘indicative’ estimates show, as expected, considerably larger falls in net worth in NSW and Vic with declines closer to 60% of annual income. They also highlight the extent of the prior run up with net worth in both states still well above 2015 levels.</p>
<p>On savings, the estimates point to declines in NSW and Vic consistent with a wealth effect boost to spending rather than a drag. Any hint of a turn in Q1 will be a key pointer to how this effect may play out.</p>
<p>However even before that there are some clues of a shift coming through in the composition of spending. In a detailed article on wealth effects in its March Bulletin, the RBA set out empirical estimates of the size of this effect noting that the effect appeared to be more pronounced for particular spending categories: namely, vehicles, durables and other discretionary items. A composite measure of growth in ‘wealth sensitive’ items already shows a swing to outright declines in per capita spending. While the weakness still looks to be fairly mild to date it is more pronounced in NSW, Vic and WA.</p>
<p><em><strong>MATTHEW HASSAN</strong> is a Senior Economist for Westpac</em></p>
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The wealth effects, the latest evidence: Westpac's Matthew Hassan

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<p>EXPERT OBSERVER</p>
<p>Falling property values dragging household wealth lower backed up by data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) showed that overall household wealth fell over the final two quarters of 2018.</p>
<p>Total household assets were recorded at a value of $12.6 trillion at the end of 2018, while total household assets fell in value over both the September and December 2018 quarters taking household wealth -1.6% lower relative to June 2018.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2019/4/4/CL%20PP%20Values%201.JPG" alt=""></p>
<p>While the value of household assets fell by -1.6% over the past two quarters, liabilities have increased by 1.5% over the same period to reach $2.4 trillion.</p>
<p>As a result, net household worth was recorded at $10.2 trillion; the lowest it has been since September 2017.</p>
<p>Based on the data from the ABS, the Reserve Bank (RBA) then calculates a number of household finance ratios.</p>
<p>The first metric detailed from the RBA are the ratios of household and housing debt to disposable income.</p>
<p>As at December 2018, household debt was 189.6% of disposable income, a record high and up from 188.7% the previous quarter.</p>
<p>Housing debt was also a record high 140.2% of disposable income and had risen from 139.5% the previous quarter.</p>
<p>While debt levels are quite high, the ratios of asset value to disposable income are much higher.</p>
<p>While that may be the case, it is important to understand that if asset values fall, the value of the debt typically doesn’t reduce at the same speed, which can lead to asset value erosion.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2019/4/4/CL%20PP%20Values%202.JPG" alt=""></p>
<p>As at December 2018, household assets were 927.9% of disposable incomes.</p>
<p>This ratio has declined as property values have fallen, down from a peak of 962.1% in December 2017.</p>
<p>Similarly, the ratio of housing assets to disposable income is currently 495.3%, down from its peak of 529.7% in December 2017. The 495.3% figure is the lowest it has been since September 2016.</p>
<p>However because of a reduction in the ratio of assets to disposable income, the ratio of debt to assets is climbing.</p>
<p>Total household debt is now 20.4% of household assets, the highest it has been since March 2016.</p>
<p>Total housing debt is 28.3% of total housing assets, the highest it has been since September 2014.</p>
<p>Again, this reflects the fact that asset values are falling as debt increases.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2019/4/4/CL%20PP%20Values%203.JPG" alt=""></p>
<p>Despite generational low official interest rates, the measures of interest payments to disposable income have risen over recent quarters and likely reflective of lenders lifting interest rates independently of any adjustment to the cash rate by the RBA.</p>
<p>Household interest payments represented 9.1% of household disposable income in December 2018, their highest share since September 2013.</p>
<p>Housing interest payments accounted for 7.6% of household disposable income in December 2018, their highest share since March 2013.</p>
<p>Despite the cash rate tracking at generational lows, households are paying a proportionally higher share of interest than they have in many years.</p>
<p>With housing values falling and expected to keep falling the ratio of assets to disposable incomes is likely to fall over the coming quarters.</p>
<p><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2019/4/4/CL%20PP%20Values%204.JPG" alt=""></p>
<p>Although most households will likely remain in a position whereby the value of their assets is significantly higher than their debt, no doubt an increasing number of recent property purchasers will have higher levels of debt than the value of their asset.</p>
<p>This is probably an area of most concern for the RBA. If this leads to reduced consumer expenditure an in-turn slower economic growth, it may be a trigger for either lower official interest rates or changes to mortgage lending policies (or both).</p>
<p>Furthermore, with household debt at record highs and households dedicating more of their income to servicing their debt at a time when interest rates are so low, and if household debt levels haven’t declined by the time interest rates rise, it could create more challenges for households.</p>
<p>In closing, the ABS/RBA data releases will be very important to focus on over the coming quarters.</p>
<p><em>CAMERON KUSHER is a Research Analyst for CoreLogic</em></p>
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Falling property values drags household wealth lower: Cameron Kusher

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<div>EXPERT OBSERVER</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Total household wealth (net worth) fell for the first time in two years, down just 0.4 per cent to $10,222.8 billion at the end of March 2018. In per capita terms, wealth eased from a record $414,277 to $410,708 in the March quarter.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Foreigners held $557.4 billion of Aussie shares in the March quarter, down from $582.5 billion in the December quarter.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>
<div><strong>What does it all mean?</strong></div>
<div> </div>
<div>The Finance &amp; Wealth publication from the Bureau of Statistics contains the most complete figures on household finances. And for the first time in two years wealth eased slightly. This hardly comes as a surprise – home prices eased in the quarter and the losses weren’t made up elsewhere, such as on the sharemarket.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>On average, each Australian has net assets (assets less liabilities) of just over $410,000, a total that has lifted by over $9,000 in the past year. And over the past five years per capita wealth has lifted by more than $100,000 or 36 per cent. It is clear that household balance sheets remain solid.</div>
<div> </div>
<div><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2018/6/29/CJ%20Graph.JPG" alt=""></div>
<div> </div>
<div>Looking ahead home prices are likely to ease further from record levels. The $64 question is whether gains on the sharemarket will offset the reduced valuations of Australian homes. Per capita wealth may consolidate near $400,000 after tremendous gains over the past five years.</div>
</div>
<div>
<div> </div>
<div>Total household wealth (net worth) fell for the first time in two years, down just 0.4 per cent to $10,222.8 billion at the end of March 2018. In per capita terms, wealth eased from a record $414,277 to $410,708 in the March quarter. Wealth is still up $9,072.70 or 2.3 per cent over the year.</div>
<div> </div>
<div><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2018/6/29/CJ%20Graph%204.JPG" alt=""></div>
<div> </div>
<div>The ABS noted, “Household liabilities outgrew assets during March quarter 2018, resulting in a decrease of 0.4 per cent in household net worth, falling from a 2.0 per cent rise last quarter. Household liabilities was the largest contributor to the decrease in household net worth, detracting 0.3 percentage points, followed by land and dwellings assets detracting 0.2 percentage points.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Households held a record $1,105.7 billion in cash and deposits at the end of March. Cash and deposit holdings represented 21.65 per cent of financial assets, down from 21.71 per cent in the December quarter but still just above the post global financial crisis (GFC) average of 21.16 per cent and the long-term average of 16.3 per cent.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Households held a record $939.3 billion in shares or 18.6 per cent of all financial assets, in line with the average since the global financial crisis.</div>
<div> </div>
<div><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2018/6/29/CJ%20Graph%208.JPG" alt=""></div>
<div> </div>
<div>Pension fund (superannuation fund) assets fell by $9.9 billion to $2,174.5 billion in the March quarter. Cash and deposits stood at 11.3 per cent of financial assets, below the 13.5 per cent average since the global financial crisis, but above the long-term average of 9.4 per cent.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Foreigners held $557.4 billion of Aussie shares in the March quarter, down from $582.5 billion in the December quarter. Foreigners held 30.5 per cent of total listed shares (long-term average 32.9 per cent).</div>
<div> </div>
<div><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2018/6/29/CJ%20Graph%205.JPG" alt=""></div>
<div> </div>
<div>
<div><strong>What is the importance of the economic data?</strong></div>
<div><strong> </strong></div>
<div>The Australian Bureau of Statistics releases the Financial Accounts publication each quarter. The data covers assets, liabilities and financial flows for the key sectors of the economy. Figures on financial wealth help reveal the true state of household finances.</div>
<div> </div>
<div><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2018/6/29/CJ%20Graph%207.JPG" alt=""></div>
<div> </div>
<div>
<div><strong>What are the implications for interest rates and investors?</strong></div>
<div><strong> </strong></div>
<div>With wages tracking closely in line with prices and wealth now easing, there will be continued uncertainty about future spending by Australian families. In other words, just another reason to leave cash rates on hold.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>
<div>CommSec expects official rates to remain stable until early 2019.</div>
<p><em>Craig James is chief economist at CommSec.</em></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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Household wealth now falling: Commsec's Craig James

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<h1>Three charts on: the great Australian wealth gap</h1>
<p>Young Australians still remain locked out of the housing market as the wealth disparity grows across generations. <span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/trent-wiltshire-316914"><br></a></span></p>
<p>It’s a tale of two Australias: older Australians are getting much wealthier, and the young are being left behind.</p>
<p>It’s a story only too familiar to Australians under 45 who have struggled to save enough money to access the housing market in Australian cities. They are a generation for whom the great Australian dream of home ownership has become largely elusive.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/6523.0Main+Features12015-16?OpenDocument" target="_blank">Data</a> from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) shows that older Australians are capturing an increasing share of the nation’s wealth, and the house-price boom is a major cause of the growing divide between the generations.</p>
<p>As you can see in the following chart, households headed by 65-74-year-olds were on average A$480,000 wealthier in 2015-16 than households in the same age group 12 years ago. And that’s after taking inflation into account and despite the damage caused by the global financial crisis. Households headed by 45-54-year-olds are A$400,000 richer.</p>
<p>In contrast, households headed by 35-44-year-olds are on average only A$120,000 wealthier – and for 25-34-year-olds the figure is just A$40,000.</p>
<p><iframe style="border: none;" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/A0XEq/3/" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="400"></iframe></p>
<h2>Property is a key factor for wealth disparity</h2>
<p>Soaring property prices are a major factor behind the rapidly growing wealth of older Australians. According to the <a href="https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/6416.0Main+Features1Jun%202017?OpenDocument">ABS</a>, house prices grew by 37% on average across all the capital cities between 2003-04 and 2015-16 (and by more than 50% in Melbourne alone). The boom was not limited to the capitals; prices also grew strongly in <a href="https://www.corelogic.com.au/reports/CL_Housing-Affordability-Dec_2016.pdf">regional areas</a>.</p>
<p>The next chart shows that for households headed by someone aged 75 or over, greater property wealth contributed about three-quarters of the increase in their total net wealth. For households headed by 65-74-year-olds and 55-64-year-olds, property contributed about half of the total increase in wealth.</p>
<p>But for younger Australians, again it is a different story.</p>
<p>Bigger mortgages largely offset the increase in property wealth for households headed by 25-34-year-olds and 35-44-year-olds. Baby Boomers have also used the superannuation system to build their wealth. They took advantage of the <a href="https://grattan.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/832-Super-tax-targeting.pdf" target="_blank">generous super tax breaks</a> on offer for people nearing retirement, such as the ability to put large, concessionally taxed sums into their super funds just before retirement.</p>
<p>Average superannuation wealth over the same 12-year period increased by A$230,000 in real terms for households headed by 65-74-year-olds, and by more than A$150,000 for households headed by 55-64-year-olds. Strong <a href="https://au.investing.com/indices/s-p-asx-200-net-total-return-historical-data" target="_blank">share market returns</a> have further boosted superannuation balances and other financial wealth.</p>
<p><iframe style="border: none;" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/OX09s/6/" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="400"></iframe></p>
<h2>Young people locked out</h2>
<p>As property prices have boomed, more young Australians have been locked out of home ownership.</p>
<p>As this last chart shows, home ownership rates among households headed by 25-34-year-olds fell between 1981 and 2016, from more than 60% to 45%. For households headed by 35-44-year-olds the fall was from 75% to around 62%. Home ownership rates are also falling for households headed by 45-54-year-olds.</p>
<p>Some of these falls are also partly the result of social changes: Australians are waiting until later in life before starting work, forming long-term partnerships, and having children. But most Australians still <em>want</em> to own a home, so it is reasonable to conclude that higher property prices are the <a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/rdp/2017/2017-05" target="_blank">biggest cause</a> of lower ownership rates.</p>
<p>Two-thirds of 25-34-year-olds responding to a 2017 <a href="https://politicsir.cass.anu.edu.au/sites/politicsir.anu.edu.au/files/ANUpoll-24-Housing-2017.pdf" target="_blank">Australian National University survey</a> thought owning a home was an important “part of the Australian way of life”, and more than half were “very concerned” that younger generations won’t be able to afford a house.</p>
<p><iframe style="border: none;" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/lOpWw/6/" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="400"></iframe></p>
<h2>The bank of mum and dad</h2>
<p>The wealth divide between generations can easily lead to a more profound divide within generations. For many younger people, the only way that they can afford to buy a house is with help from “the bank of mum and dad”.</p>
<p>As house prices have increased, <a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2017/sp-ag-2017-02-16" target="_blank">more first home buyers are receiving assistance</a> from family and friends to enter the property market. The strong growth in the wealth of today’s older generations, combined with the steady shrinking of the family size from 1960 to 2000, will lead to more and larger inheritances.</p>
<p>Inheritances tend to transmit wealth to children who are <a href="https://grattan.edu.au/report/the-wealth-of-generations/" target="_blank">already well-off</a>, and home ownership is more likely among those who receive an inheritance, and more likely still among those who receive larger inheritances.</p>
<p><img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/84515/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1">Australia is becoming wealthier, but much of the increase is concentrated in the hands of older generations. The trend is unmistakable: unless something changes, the young will fall further behind and inequality will get worse.</p>
<p><span><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/trent-wiltshire-316914" target="_blank">Trent Wiltshire</a>, Associate, <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/grattan-institute-1168" target="_blank">Grattan Institute</a></em> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/danielle-wood-147710" target="_blank">Danielle Wood</a>, Fellow, Australian Perspectives, <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/grattan-institute-1168" target="_blank">Grattan Institute</a></em></span></p>
<p>This article was originally published on <a href="https://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a>. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/three-charts-on-the-great-australian-wealth-gap-84515" target="_blank">original article</a>.</p>
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The great Australian wealth gap

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<div class="column">GUEST OBSERVER</div>
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<div class="column">Total household wealth (net worth) stood at a record $9,404.5 billion at the end of December 2016, up $328.1 billion or 3.5 percent over the quarter – marking the largest quarterly increase in net wealth in seven years.</div>
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<div class="column">In per capita terms. CommSec estimates that wealth rose to a record $386,972 in the December quarter, up $12,227 over the quarter and up around $24,000 over the year.</div>
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<br>Households held a record $1,046 billion in cash and deposits at the end of December. Cash and deposit holdings represented 22.4 per cent of financial assets. A record $798.2 billion was held in shares.</div>
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<br>Foreigners held a record $792.2 billion of Aussie shares in the December quarter or 45.1 per cent of the total.</div>
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<br>Job vacancies: Job vacancies rose by 1.8 per cent to 185,600 in the three months to February – a 6-year high. Job vacancies are up 7.3 per cent on a year ago.</div>
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<div class="column">New home sales: New home sales rose by 0.2 per cent in February. </div>
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<div class="column"><a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2017/03/31/Screen%20Shot%202017-03-31%20at%208.24.38%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a></div>
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<div class="column">What does it all mean?</div>
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<div class="column">Bad news for the gloom &amp; doomsters – new data confirms that Australians have never been wealthier. While loans rose by 1.6 per cent in the December quarter, yet again this was exceeded by growth of financial assets. And on top of this, the value of homes soared by 4.5 per cent.</div>
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<div class="column">In simple terms, debt may be up, but it is being used to purchase assets that are growing at a faster rate – not just homes but shares and other financial assets. Over the past two years financial assets have grown by $652 billion, well ahead of the $246 billion lift in loans. It is a point worth stressing to put more reason into the debate on household debt.</div>
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<br>But conservatism still reigns. The proportion of all financial assets in the economy held in cash and bank deposits has lifted to a 4-year high. In the December quarter over a fifth of all financial assets – 21.4 per cent – was held in cash and bank deposits. Aussie consumers, businesses and pension funds are all holding more than the “normal” proportion of financial assets in cash – especially companies and super funds.
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<div class="column">Foreign investors are still quite happy to hold Aussie shares. In fact foreigners now hold a record $765.6 billion of listed shares or just over 45 per cent of the total. In short, no worries about our economy from abroad.</div>
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<div class="column">The number of job vacancies has surged in the nine months to February and vacancies are now holding near 6-year highs. With more optimism on the global economy, business is shifting its focus to growth, investment and profitability. The lift in job vacancies certainly bodes well for hiring in coming months. Overall it is pretty clear that the job market remains in good shape.</div>
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<div class="column">Last year most of the jobs created were in part-time roles, with employers hiring more part timers and managing their workforce more carefully. The result was understandable given the degree of uncertainty that was prevalent with the Federal Budget, timing of an early election, and Brexit. However throughout the latter part of the year, employers started to add more full-timers. Stronger profitability and a focus on growth should give employers a degree of comfort to add full-time and permanent staff to the roster over 2017.<br><p><a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2017/03/31/Screen%20Shot%202017-03-31%20at%208.25.50%20AM.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a></p>
<p><img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2017/03/31/Screen%20Shot%202017-03-31%20at%208.25.50%20AM.png" alt=""></p>
<p>Interestingly there are around 13,000 more vacancies than at the same time in 2016. The jobs being created are primarily in the services sector, with healthcare and admin roles leading the gains. These jobs tend to be spread over a raft of small and medium-sized businesses as well as large firms, so generally don’t attract the same degree of media attention as jobs lost in mining. Importantly the lift in commodity prices should support the resources sector. In fact the latest figures suggest that the number of jobs across the mining sector has bottomed and now lifting – albeit incrementally.</p>
<p>What do the figures show?</p>
<p>Financial Accounts:</p>
Total household wealth (net worth) stood at a record $9,404.5 billion at the end of December 2016, up $328.1 billion or 3.5 per cent over the quarter – marking the largest quarterly increase in net wealth in seven years. In per capita terms. CommSec estimates that wealth rose to a record $386,972 in the December quarter, up $12,227 over the quarter.</div>
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<br>In real terms, the value of land and dwellings rose by $217 billion in the December quarter, while the value of financial assets rose by $29.3 billion. Net saving plus real wealth rose by $274.5 billion in the quarter.</div>
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<br>Household financial liabilities fell by $8.6 billion in the December quarter in real terms.</div>
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<div class="column">Households held a record $1,046 billion in cash and deposits at the end of December. Cash and deposit holdings represented 22.4 per cent of financial assets, up from 22.3 per cent in the September quarter and in line with the long-term average of 22.2 per cent.</div>
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<div class="column">Households held a record $798.2 billion in shares or 18.5 per cent of all financial assets, and above the 17.7 per cent average since the global financial crisis.</div>
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<div class="column">Pension fund (superannuation fund) assets rose by $52.7 billion to $2,013.1 billion in the December quarter. Cash and deposits stood at 14.8 per cent of financial assets, in line with the 14.8 per cent average since the global financial crisis but well above the long-term average of 9.7 per cent.</div>
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<p><span></span><span>Foreigners held a record $792.2 billion of Aussie shares </span><span>in the December quarter or 45.1 per cent of the total (long-term average 42.7 per cent). Share of bond holdings by foreigners rose from a 14-year low of 47.7 per cent in the September quarter to 47.8 per cent in the December quarter.</span></p>
<p><a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2017/03/31/Screen%20Shot%202017-03-31%20at%208.27.00%20AM.png" target="_blank"><span>Click to enlarge</span></a></p>
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<p><span>Job vacancies: </span></p>
Job vacancies rose by 1.8 per cent to 185,600 in the three months to February – a near 6-year high. Job vacancies are up 7.3 per cent on a year ago.</div>
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<div class="column">In original terms, annual changes in vacancies across states and territories were: NSW (down 0.7 per cent); Victoria (up 10.5 per cent); Queensland (down 12.2 per cent); South Australia (down 2.3 per cent); Western Australia (up 0.7 per cent); Tasmania (up 32.9 per cent); Northern Territory (up 7.3 per cent) and ACT (up 5.9 per cent).<br><p>Vacancies rose 13,100 in original terms over the year. In terms of industries, vacancies rose the most over the year in Health Care &amp; Social Assistance (up 4,700), Other Services (up 3,000), Administrative &amp; Support services (up 2,900) and Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (up 1,900). Vacancies fell most in Retail trade (down 3,300), Accommodation &amp; Food services (down 1,400), and Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services (down 800).</p>
<p>New home sales</p>
In seasonally-adjusted terms, new home sales rose by just 0.2 per cent in February. The number of detached house sales fell by 0.1 per cent while multi-unit dwelling sales lifted by 1 per cent.<br><p>The Housing Industry Association reported: “Detached house sales increased in two out of five mainland states in February 2017 - Western Australia and Victoria. Detached house sales in WA increased by 11.3 per cent in February 2017 following a rise of 12.1 per cent in January. Note that these rates of growth are exaggerated by the extremely low base for detached house sales. Detached house sales in Victoria posted a monthly gain of 5.1 per cent in February. Elsewhere for the mainland states, in February detached house sales fell by 12.6 per cent in New South Wales and were down by 5.7 per cent in Queensland and 0.2 per cent in South Australia.”</p>
<p>What is the importance of the economic data?</p>
The Australian Bureau of Statistics releases the Financial Accounts publication each quarter. The data covers assets, liabilities and financial flows for the key sectors of the economy. Figures on financial wealth help reveal the true state of household finances.</div>
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<br>The Australian Bureau of Statistics releases Job Vacancies data each quarter. The data is useful in gauging the strength of the job market.</div>
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<br>The Housing Industry Association releases data on the sales of new homes each month. The HIA collects the data each month from a sample of Australia's largest 100 home builders. The survey covers around 14 per cent of the home building industry. </div>
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<p><span>What are the implications for interest rates and investors? </span></p>
Record household wealth will continue to support spending. And it is clear that household balance sheets remain in very good shape. While the gloomsters focus on higher household debt, the simple fact is that money is being used to buy assets, assets that are providing better returns than the cost of the loans being taken out. Aussies aren’t borrowing in droves to buy luxury cars – although some indeed are. No, the majority are investing in shares, putting money to work in superannuation and investing in property.</div>
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<br>There is always a risk that asset values can fall as well as rise. But Aussies are well placed to deal with that situation should it eventuate.</div>
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<br>A number of retailers have noted that the ‘wealth effect’ has been positive for their sales – areas like furniture, cars, boats and electrical equipment. </div>
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<div class="column"><em>Savanth Sebastian is an economist for <a href="https://www.commsec.com.au/" target="_blank">CommSec</a></em></div>
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Job vacancies at 6-year highs: Savanth Sebastian

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<p>There is little justification in giving rich households generous superannuation tax concessions, as wealth has a limited impact on spending and wellbeing in retirement new research suggests.</p>
<p>Retirement income is at the core of the controversy around the federal government’s proposed changes to superannuation and yet very little is known about how retirees actually spend their money.</p>
<p>Our research found that, despite the large variation in the income levels of households, wealthier households spend at a similar level to those with more modest wealth.</p>
<p>Retiree couples aged 65-74 spent just $33,200 a year on average, while single households of the same age spent an average of only $18,400 in 2014.</p>
<p>These figures fall below the benchmarks set by the Association of Superannuation Funds of Australia (ASFA), which suggests a couple needs $33,784 a year to afford a “modest” lifestyle, and 20 percent lower than the $23,489 figure it benchmarked for single households in 2014.</p>
<p>In March, the federal government adopted the thinking from the Financial Systems Inquiry that superannuation’s objective was to provide income in retirement to substitute or supplement the Age Pension. But Treasurer Scott Morrison remains under pressure not to go through with plans to limit lifetime non-concessional superannuation contributions to $500,000.</p>
<p>The government appears committed to other super reforms aimed at dismantling super concessions for the wealthy, announced in its May budget.</p>
<p>At present retirement income needs are estimated either as a proportion of income during the working life or by using income “standards” (such as those used by ASFA) which estimate the income needed to attain a given quality of life.</p>
<p>Our analysis, using data from the most recent Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, shows spending levels are largely driven by cost-of-living pressures such as geographical location (with spending highest in Sydney and lowest in regional South Australia). Household structure and home ownership are also important.</p>
<p>It’s likely that the wealthiest households are indeed “saving” – either deliberately to ensure they can pass on their wealth to the next generation, or to self-insure against possible future aged-care and health expenses – particularly if they own their home outright.</p>
<p>In comparison, retirees who are in the rental market spent on average $11,500 on rent – almost 40 percent of their total annual expenditure. This points to a need for a real focus on the plight of retirees exposed to the rental market, particularly single-person households.</p>
<p>With a large bulk of their spending swallowed up by rent, these households appear to struggle to afford basic household items. Our analysis showed households that rely on the Age Pension as their major source of income had much lower relative spending on health care and insurance – $1,900 annually, compared to $4,300 for self-funded retirees.</p>
<p>Single-person households also struggled, with almost 80 percent of households unable to reach even a modest standard of living.</p>
<p>For these households, increases in welfare payments or housing assistance will likely have a greater impact on well-being than raising the current 9.5 percent Superannuation Guarantee to 12 percent.</p>
<p>On the positive side, we found that superannuation already provides a valuable source of income for younger retirees – around one-fifth of annual income for those aged 65-74. Superannuation wealth has grown enormously over the past decade. In 2014, households aged 65-74 had superannuation assets 190 percent higher (in real terms) than their counterparts in 2002.</p>
<p>And this huge growth in superannuation and household wealth has coincided with increases in household spending, with current retirees spending more than previous cohorts.</p>
<p>Further growth of the superannuation system through greater participation and the rising Superannuation Guarantee will likely see the wealth of retirees continue to grow. But until there is a clearer picture of superannuation wealth and retirement income, it will be hard to ensure superannuation reforms deliver on their objective.</p>
<p><em><span class="fn author-name">Eliana Maddock is r</span>esearch officer, Australian Centre for Financial Studies and author for The Conversation. She can be contacted <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/eliana-maddock-293619" target="_blank">here</a>.</em></p>
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