A landmark former orphanage site in Surrey Hills could be transformed into a new residential community under plans lodged by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/antipodean-land-developments">Antipodean Land Developments</a> that would deliver 76 apartments and townhouses while restoring some of the suburb's most significant heritage buildings.

The burgeoninng Melbourne-based developer has submitted plans for the 9,158 sqm site at 1 Kent Road and 24 Durham Road, home to the former St Joseph's Home for Destitute Children, a historic institutional complex dating back to the late 19th century. The proposal seeks to adaptively reuse several heritage buildings while introducing two new four-storey residential buildings set within extensive landscaped grounds.

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/woods-bagot">Woods Bagot</a> and Kerstin Thompson Architects, the project has been conceived as a contemporary residential village embedded within a restored heritage precinct. The development team describes the design approach as "The Village in the Garden," with new buildings positioned among mature landscaping by OCULUS and significant heritage structures.

<img alt="First look: Antipodean Land Developments plans heritage-led apartment community in Surrey Hills" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="44ec8c1b-c0b6-44ae-859e-5811b3e6a023" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Untitled%20design%20%281%29.png?VersionId=p.p1_KFh4iQoV4nisdnPfQBAsWNi7m79" />

The proposal would deliver 76 dwellings comprising a mix of apartments and duplex-style residences, significantly increasing housing supply on one of the largest privately held residential landholdings in Surrey Hills. The development includes 127 car spaces, 24 bicycle spaces and more than 1,000 sqm of communal amenity, with the existing chapel building earmarked for conversion into resident facilities.

According to the planning submission, the project centres on the restoration and adaptive reuse of the site's most significant heritage assets, including the original c.1889 St Joseph's building, the chapel designed by architect Augustus Andrew Fritsch, and the historic brick perimeter walls and entry gates. The proposal also incorporates the retention of other contributory buildings including the former infirmary and school building.

Tract Consultants, in the planning report accompanying the application, said the scheme had been shaped through extensive heritage analysis and design development.

"The shared vision for the Site by the project team has culminated in a scheme which successfully breathes life back into a historic site while delivering upon the objectives of Victoria's Housing Statement in a carefully curated and contextually responsive manner."

<img alt="First look: Antipodean Land Developments plans heritage-led apartment community in Surrey Hills" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="7263b7d8-95ea-400f-9531-6ca7d22c3c33" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Untitled%20design%20%282%29.png?VersionId=4cR1tiWOsDpgxEOwZi5vVFcyvvOsYkIE" />

The proposal is being assessed under Victoria's Significant Residential Development with Affordable Housing pathway. As part of the application, three per cent of the project's residential development cost would be contributed to the Social Housing Growth Fund. The development would also provide a diverse mix of one, two and three-bedroom residences targeting a broader range of buyers than typically found in Surrey Hills' detached housing market.

Sustainability initiatives include an anticipated 66 per cent BESS score, natural cross-ventilation to 80 per cent of apartments, 28 per cent deep soil landscaping and a canopy cover outcome exceeding local planning requirements. The proposal also sets aside more than 1,083 sqm for communal indoor and outdoor resident amenity spaces.

<img alt="First look: Antipodean Land Developments plans heritage-led apartment community in Surrey Hills" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="33fad46f-fe26-4d0a-acfd-6b776e1c6a3d" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Untitled%20design.png?VersionId=D9F6WVSyYCtGvSUmith35LRp6R7PQkw_" />

Planning documents describe the property as one of the largest underutilised residential sites in Surrey Hills, arguing it presents a rare opportunity to introduce "missing middle" housing in an established inner-eastern suburb while preserving and revitalising a significant heritage precinct.

Antipodean Land Developments has built a reputation for design-focused residential projects across Melbourne, particularly in the medium-density sector. Previous developments include Neighbourhood in Brunswick East, delivered with Breathe Architecture, and Balfe Park Lane, designed by Kerstin Thompson Architects.

They've been very active in site acquisition as they build out their future development pipeline. They recently launched Thornubury House, 45 apartments above a mix of commercial, retail, and food and beverage tenancies, and have plans for a boutique project in Fitzroy and another <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/vic/antipodean-plan-apartments-for-deepdenes-missing-middle-on-whitehorse-road">"missing middle" project</a> on Deepdene's Whitehorse Road.

Joel Robinson

First look: Antipodean Land Developments plans heritage-led apartment community in Surrey Hills

Developer <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/auyin-property-development">Auyin</a> is the latest to turn to the Victorian Government's Development Facilitation Program in an effort to secure approval for its long-planned, mixed-use project in Elsternwick.

In 2018, Auyin lodged plans with Glen Eira City Council for a 14-storey building, however Council approved a reduced eight-storey scheme. A subsequent VCAT appeal in 2019 upheld the eight-storey height limit.

The project was later amended to nine storeys, but Auyin is now seeking to revive something closer to its original vision. The developer argues that the planning context has evolved significantly over the past decade, particularly within the Elsternwick Activity Centre, where higher-density development has increasingly been encouraged along Glen Huntly Road.

The proposal would transform the 1,239 sqm site at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/7-12-horne-street-elsternwick-vic-3185">7-15 Horne Street</a>, opposite Elsternwick Railway Station, into a 13-storey residential and retail development designed by CBG Architects, with 40 apartments

The site currently comprises three commercial properties.

<img alt="First look: 13-storey mixed-use tower planned for Elsternwick activity centre" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="5f465dd4-509b-4082-a669-0253b313914b" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/elsternwick%20podium.png?VersionId=72frWi0SmQ5AVJ3ARRhX5ILUYObhTm7x" />

The proposed apartment mix comprises 25 two-bedroom and 15 three-bedroom residences above 200 sqm of retail space at ground level. Residents would have access to a 90 sqm wellness facility, a 351 sqm communal indoor and outdoor terrace on the third level, and extensive landscaped areas throughout the development. A publicly accessible 135 sqm plaza would be created on the north-east corner of the site, providing seating, landscaping, and a new gathering space adjoining Horne Street.

The design adopts a four-storey podium that references the finer-grain character of the surrounding streetscape, with the upper tower recessed behind generous setbacks on all boundaries.

<img alt="First look: 13-storey mixed-use tower planned for Elsternwick activity centre" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="e637e763-2abc-4c34-a0aa-5c7ad36fae18" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/elsternwick%20open.png?VersionId=J1AoOpZgTyaF.KeeFSX6lMjEScX8KKRi" />

A key element of the proposal is the reconfiguration and widening of the surrounding laneways. Vehicle access would be retained from Lois Lane, with upgraded pedestrian connections linking Ross Street and Horne Street. The development would provide 58 residential car spaces, two retail car spaces, and 52 bicycle spaces across two basement levels and ground-floor facilities.

Architecturally, the building draws inspiration from the established character of Elsternwick Village. The façade combines dark charcoal brickwork, textured concrete, bronze-toned metal detailing, and extensive planting integrated into podium and tower levels. The design also incorporates a chamfered corner treatment and publicly accessible plaza intended to strengthen pedestrian activity around the station precinct.

Elsternwick's last new development completion was&nbsp;EVA Elsternwick by Pitard late last year. <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/milieu-property">Milieu</a> is working away on its nature-led neighbourhood, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/elsternwick-gardens-by-milieu-8-gordon-street-elsternwick-vic-3185">Elsternwick Gardens</a>, on Gordon Street, with its first stage expected to complete next year.

First look: Auyin seeks mixed-use apartment project in growing Elsternwick Activity Centre

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/otium-parkdale-123-125-como-parade-east-parkdale-vic-3195">Otium Parkdale</a>, the 13-residence boutique development by&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/huxtable-property">Huxtable Property</a>, has entered its final stages of delivery, with completion expected within the coming month and more than half of the residences sold.

The Como Parade East project is nearing the finish line at a time when opportunities to purchase new apartments in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/parkdale-vic-3195">Parkdale</a> remain exceptionally limited. Fewer than 10 per cent of dwellings in the bayside suburb are apartments, making developments like Otium a relatively rare addition to a market traditionally dominated by detached housing.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134974 project_image_fid=5427]

The three-level development comprises 13 residences, including ten two-bedroom apartments and three larger three-bedroom homes, all positioned above a secure basement car park.

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/almeida-architects">Almeida Architects</a> with a strong connection to its coastal surroundings, Otium combines red brick, exposed concrete and dark metal detailing with integrated landscaping and greenery. Expansive glazing, generous balconies and terraces have been incorporated throughout the design to maximise natural light and reinforce indoor-outdoor living.

Inside, the residences feature engineered European oak flooring, natural and reconstituted stone benchtops, Bosch kitchen appliances, ducted heating and cooling, lift access and secure entry systems. The larger three-bedroom residences on the upper level have been designed with house-like proportions, while the two-bedroom apartments prioritise functionality, flexibility and low-maintenance living.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=134974 project_image_fid=5421]

The project is now in its final stages, with <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/builders/labco">Labco</a> completing the remaining landscaping and external finishing works following the completion of the residences' interiors.

Otium's location within the heart of Parkdale continues to underpin its appeal. Residents will be just steps from local cafés, restaurants, shops and the newly elevated Parkdale Station, while the beach is less than a kilometre away.

With the project tracking ahead of schedule, buyers can currently secure a residence with a five per cent deposit and benefit from settlement terms of up to eight months. The advanced stage of construction also provides buyers with the opportunity to walk through the near-complete residences and experience the quality and finishes firsthand ahead of completion.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=134974]

Otium Parkdale enters final month before completion as rare apartment opportunity nears sellout

A new boutique apartment development is entering the market in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/chermside-qld-4032">Chermside</a>, with Brisbane-based developer <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/ausdev">Ausdev</a> bringing 33 residences to a well-connected pocket of Brisbane's north.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/parkdrive-apartments-chermside-25-sammells-drive-chermside-qld-4032">Parkdrive Apartments</a>, at 25 Sammells Drive, will comprise a mix of one- and two-bedroom residences positioned within walking distance of Westfield Chermside, The Prince Charles Hospital, and Bradbury Park.

Established in 1989, Ausdev has a long-standing presence across both development and construction, with Parkdrive Apartments representing its latest residential project in Brisbane's northern suburbs.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=152125 project_image_fid=363778]

The development has been designed around open-plan living and natural light, with residences featuring stone benchtops, timber cabinetry, BOSCH appliances, and private balconies that extend the living areas outdoors.

Kitchens are positioned as the centrepiece of the homes, incorporating natural material palettes and integrated appliances, while bathrooms have been designed with a focus on functionality and understated finishes.

Residents will have access to a communal barbecue and entertaining area on Level 3, providing shared outdoor space within the development. Secure parking and lift access are also incorporated into the building.

The project will deliver a limited collection of 33 apartments, with one-bedroom residences priced from $749,000.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=152125 project_image_fid=363782]

Beyond the building itself, the location places residents within easy reach of several of Chermside's key amenities. Bradbury Park is around 350 metres away, while Westfield Chermside is approximately 1.3 kilometres from the site. The Prince Charles Hospital is located within 750 metres, and the Chermside Bus Interchange is around 1.5 kilometres away, providing connections across Brisbane.

Parkdrive Apartments adds to the growing residential pipeline in Chermside, a suburb that continues to evolve as a major retail, healthcare, and transport hub for Brisbane's north.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=152125]

Ausdev introduces boutique Parkdrive Apartments to Chermside's growing centre

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/skymark-group">Skymark</a>'s boutique Cronulla development Solis has secured a 10-year Latent Defects Insurance policy through Resilience Insurance, providing buyers of the 16-residence building on Ewos Parade with structural and waterproofing protection that extends a decade beyond the building's completion.

Currently under construction and due for completion in late 2027, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/solis-cronulla-8-ewos-parade-cronulla-nsw-2230">Solis</a> is one of a small number of new developments in the Sutherland Shire to carry Resilience LDI coverage, a distinction that carries increasing weight as buyer confidence in the off-the-plan sector continues to be shaped by how developers stand behind their product.

Latent Defects Insurance, which entered the Australian market in 2022 when Resilience Insurance was approved to offer the cover, protects buyers against major structural or waterproofing defects for ten years post-completion. Unlike traditional statutory warranties, it operates as a first-resort policy, if a covered defect arises, the insurer responds directly, without the buyer needing to pursue the builder or developer through a lengthy claims process.

Resilience Insurance CEO Corey Nugent has noted that the product addresses something fundamental to the new apartment market.

"The overarching feedback from prospective buyers in the new development space is that they want more confidence and assurances around the quality of the build," Nugent says.

"Resilience Insurance Latent Defects Insurance not only gives them complete peace of mind for 10 years, but it shows the developer they are buying from is standing by their product."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150499 project_image_fid=370898]

For Solis, the Resilience LDI policy adds a meaningful layer of accountability to an already considered project. The development comprises nine two-bedroom and seven three-bedroom residences, including one dual-level three-bedroom apartment, across a five-storey building on Ewos Parade, positioned between Shelly Beach and South Cronulla.

Garden apartments connect directly to private landscaped courtyards, while upper-level homes capture beach views to the east from level four and above.&nbsp;

All 16 residences include at least one balcony or courtyard, and select apartments on the upper floors feature bar areas and secondary flexible living spaces.

Hiba Sander, Managing Director of Skymark, says Solis offers a rare balance, nestled between the quiet beauty of secluded beaches and the lively charm of South Cronulla's esplanade.

"It's a place to choose your pace and live gracefully, seaside'," Sander says.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150499 project_image_fid=370900]

The architecture, designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/ida-design-group">IDA Design Group</a>'s Michael Trinh, draws from the natural erosion patterns of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/cronulla-nsw-2230">Cronulla</a>'s sandstone headlands, translating the organic forms of the coastline into soft curves, pavilion-style massing, and a material palette chosen for longevity in a salt-tinged environment.&nbsp;

Textured natural stone, soft renders, and timber-look battens reference the tones of the surrounding cliffs, while the building has been oriented to maximise natural light and passive ventilation, with primary living spaces facing north and east to capture morning sun and sea breezes.

"At Solis, our aim was to create architecture that feels quietly confident, grounded in natural materials like stone and timber, and elevated by light and landscape," Trinh says.&nbsp;

"The buildings are designed to sit gently within their coastal surrounds, with expansive glazing and abundant greenery creating a seamless dialogue between inside and out."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150499 project_image_fid=370897]

Interiors by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/hot-black">Hot Black</a> carry the same material language through to every room. Kitchens feature integrated Gaggenau appliances, sculpted stone benchtops, and Lo &amp; Co joinery, while bathrooms feature natural stone, timber, and brushed metal finishes.&nbsp;

Hot Black Founder and Design Director Sophie Safrin describes the intent as one of considered restraint: "At Solis, every detail has been thoughtfully considered to create a timeless coastal retreat, calm, refined, and effortlessly liveable. From natural finishes to seamless indoor-outdoor flow, Solis offers a quiet elegance that's deeply connected to its surroundings.

The landscape, designed by Julian Brady of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/landscape-architect/sitedesignstudios">Site Design Studios</a>, treats green space as an integral part of the resident experience rather than an afterthought.&nbsp;

"Gentle curves and layered native plantings mirror the ebb and flow of the ocean," Julian Brady says, "creating a serene connection between architecture and place."&nbsp;

Coco Republic has provided bespoke furniture packages tailored to the project's coastal palette.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150499 project_image_fid=370899]

Skymark has an established track record in the Sutherland Shire, with a portfolio spanning Cronulla, Woolooware and Burraneer that includes Isla, Sylva, Bask, Shells, Sula and Mist. Securing LDI on Solis reflects a broader shift in how the developer is positioning its buildings to buyers, at a time when Resilience Insurance expects the policy to become mandatory in New South Wales by 2028.

Sales at Solis are launching soon through Ray White Projects, with an official event scheduled for 11 June. Enquire for more information.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=150499]

Skymark takes out 10-year Resilience Insurance LDI at Solis Cronulla

Cameron Mcevoy

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Most first-time investors – and indeed established portfolio owners alike – will have apartments and units as part of their core investment property acquisition strategy.
From a public/tenant liability perspective, apartments are often thought of as a safer property type in this regard, in comparison to detached houses. However, this is not to say apartments and units aren’t without their own risks.
Here’s a short list of safety risks you need to know about, as a landlord, that might come back to hurt you, if left unchecked.
<ol>
<li>
Curtains and vertical blinds  Recent compliance changes in several states pertaining to curtain/blinds are very important. For most curtains and blinds; a rope-style pulley system is the commonplace curtain raising/lowering/opening mechanism. However, many older-style pulleys (say blinds older than four or five years), are a child safety hazard, and children can be at risk of choking if caught in the connected pulley strings. This risk is an easy and cheap fix; just Google ways to replace or cut and repair the pulley strings to make sure they are compliant. 
</li>
<li>
Safely opening windows  On to windows as opposed to blinds now, and the requirements per-state/territory change, so be sure to research the compliance rules specific to the state your property is in. In some states, the rules on the gap a window is able to open (for units where the windows are above a certain height from the ground – so, some ground floor units may be exempt) is undergoing change currently.  The safest thing to do is ensure your apartment’s windows are fully compliant with your state’s rules. This is again a child safety issue, and rules were introduced to prevent children falling out of high windows. For instance, in some states there are rules that require windows to open to no more than just 12 centremetres width. 
</li>
<li>
Fire alarms need to be tested regularly  This sounds like one of the most obvious unit and apartment safety issues, but I am constantly surprised by the number of investors I speak to who do not regularly check the working function of Smoke and fire alarms in their properties. The simplest way to regulate this is to ensure your managing property agent checks them for you (and signs off on the inspection report, having indicated they are in working order). However, this isn’t already an iron-clad guarantee that the devices are functional or have even been checked. From a legal standpoint, should any fires break out, the managing agent may not be held accountable to this either. Smoke alarms vary in price, from as low as a $9 K-Mart job, all the way to premium products that include regular servicing options to ensure compliance and safety is checked and maintained. These are the safest and most legally-liable solutions, though the cost is much higher for this piece of mind. 
</li>
<li>
Balcony balustrade heights  Balcony balustrade height requirements vary from state to state, however it is something to check in on for both newer and older apartments alike. If a balcony balustrade on a property you are considering purchasing as an investment appears to be quite low, it is work querying this with the selling agent. Also, investigate compliance issues that may result from a child (or adult!) balcony fall or accident as a result of a low-built balustrade. Again, ground floor apartments and units are often exempt from this requirement. 
</li>
<li>
Internal and external stairwell balustrade heights  Similarly to item number four above; be conscious of balustrades on stairwells both inside the unit and outside too. The exceptions of course are any ‘common property’ stairwells. Any accidents or deaths pertaining to incidents on these common-property stairwells are handled by the strata plan liability insurances, and not individual unit or apartment owners.  I was actually caught out on this in my most recent property purchase. The property featured a modern ‘floating’ internal stairwell that simply had a raised, open-air hand rail, with no connection to the steps below it. This meant that a child or infant could potentially make it half way up the stairwell, then fall off the steps over the side balustrade, and injure themselves. 
</li>
<li>
Get a building and pest inspections report and read it carefully The above stairwell discovery was only found when I had the building and pest inspection report completed, prior to cooling off period ending. I’d identified the issue and investigated a plan to resolve it, prior to the cooling off period ending, and I make the same recommendation to would-be investors out there reading this, to do just the same. A building and pest inspection is so valuable for this reason. Sure, it is a few hundred dollars extra expenditure on the property, however it can save thousands later on. Most investors and property buyers assume this report just reveals any structural faults and rodent/insect problems, however the real value lies in the ability to foresee liability issues early on, before you complete your cooling off (aka ‘back out of the deal!’) period.
</li>
</ol>
You can visit Cameron's blog at <a href="https://www.propertycorrespondent.com.au/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Property Correspondent.</a>
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cmcevoy-Go82SmsJA9

Six apartment safety risks every investor must know about

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Sometimes, an investor is presented with the exciting prospect of picking up a dual-income residence at below-market buying rates. Many readers will be very familiar with the ‘duplex’ housing type in Australia. Throughout most capital cities and regional centres, duplexes have been a popular choice for many decades.

Modern innovation on the humble duplex design have also paved the way for new investor opportunities.

For those not familiar with duplex property types; a duplex property is effectively two conjoined properties occupying one block or plot of land and will share at least one common wall. Both dwellings in a duplex are constructed at the same time, however, depending on the title structure, they may be strata or non-strata titled.

If strata titled, each dwelling may be sold and owned separately. However if not strata-titled, it means both dwellings within the duplex can only be sold together. Sometimes investors can purchase both sides of a strata-titled duplex, enabling for the opportunity to owner-occupy one half, whilst renting out the other half.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=27728]

Each dwelling in a duplex is completely separate with no shared rooms or entrances. Each dwelling has its own bathrooms, bedrooms, living areas, courtyards and sometimes their own garages. Duplex designs have come leaps and bounds in recent years, evolving from what were once pretty ugly property types that were viewed as only occupying dodgy suburbs.

This was because decades ago, tenant demands were very different to what they are today. Typically, ‘good quality’ tenants favoured only houses on large blocks, located in suburbs very far from the CBD centre (greater than 20 kilometres). For this reason, duplexes were harder to market, with rental return sometimes not being strong, due to renter demand preferring detached houses.

However, fast forward to 2014 and as the cost of land skyrockets across most major capital cities and renter demand is shifting towards smaller living spaces (but in closer proximity to CBD centres); the concept of the duplex has become a popular talking point again.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=4807]

So here are some of the pros and cons for the duplex housing type:

Pros 

<ul>
<li>
The biggest pro is the potential to pick up two income revenues on what is effectively one property. 
	 </li>
	<li>
If well-purchased, this rental return rate can make for a positive cash flow from the outset. 
	 </li>
	<li>
Duplex properties tend to fare better in terms of re-sell value compared to a traditional house that has had a granny flat added to the property. 
	 </li>
	<li>
The potential to have no strata title structure creates an opportunity for investors to not only reduce holding costs (thereby adding more rental return to the property), but it also enables greater control over the expenditure of both properties. 
	 </li>
	<li>New providers and builders are innovating in this space. Designs are way more aesthetically pleasing these days and are in fact are being designed to give the appearance of one big house (from the street) rather than a duplex or an uglier ‘bolt-on’ house. This adds curbside appeal to both dwellings and helps maintain street value, and for investors this also enables greater capital growth potential for both dwellings.</li>
</ul>
[smartcode_project:default project_id=7275]

Cons 

<ul>
<li>
Whilst it is great having no strata costs; the reality is as owner of both halves you must maintain both dwellings as you would any other detached house. This can mean three to four bathrooms to maintain instead of just two; two kitchens instead of two; two gardens; HVAC systems and so on. 
	 </li>
	<li>
Further to this; you thus lose many of the ‘economies of scale’ gained when owning a unit in a strata titled complex of say a dozen or so units/villas. Things like roof maintenance become much more expensive when split between only two dwellings versus a dozen. 
	 </li>
	<li>
I mentioned the opportunity to live in one half and rent the other, however there could be capital gains tax consequences to doing this. The reason being it is effectively one title on the overall property. On the flip-side however, you could strata title each one and owner-occupy one dwelling (and never rent it out as an investment property) there is potential to qualify for capital gains tax concessions for that dwelling only. However… 
	 </li>
	<li>
Traditionally duplexes on one title are harder to sell. This is because you can only market the property to either owner occupier investors or owner occupiers who require a second dwelling for extended family. So, it shrinks the prospective buying pool, which may result in a less favourable sales price when you do find a buyer. 
	 </li>
	<li>However, this may not be such a bad thing, because as our aging population gets older; the potential demand for properties that can occupy a young family, along with the grandparents, is significant.</li>
</ul>
Image courtesy of the the NNECAPA photo library/<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/" target="_blank">CC</a>.
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The pros and cons of investing in a modern duplex

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Valuations are at the heart of property investment – particularly when it comes to getting finance, or being refinanced, with a lender.
You might also just be asking ‘<a href="/news/how-much-is-my-home-worth-judging-a-propertys-value">What is my home worth?</a>’ and a valuation may appear to be the natural way to answer this question.
<blockquote>
MUST KNOW ELEMENTS:
IT'S NOT AN APPRAISAL
THEY'RE NOT AN EXACT SCIENCE
THERE ARE MULTIPLE TYPES OF VALUATION
COMPARABLES ARE HEAVILY RELIED UPON
YOU CAN ASSIST THE VALUER 
</blockquote>
There are also many reasons why you’d want to get an independent valuation – observer<a href="/expert-insights/investing/five-great-reasons-to-get-an-independent-valuation"> Cameron McEvoy aptly describes five crucial reasons you’d consider this</a> - and so it pays to be aware of what is involved.
Here are five ‘must know’ elements of valuations:
1) It’s not an appraisal
You may have had an appraisal with a real estate agent, and now believe that your home can fetch in excess of $630,000 on the current market. This may be the case, however a real estate agent’s appraisal is not a valuation, and will not be accepted by the bank as such.
While most real estate agents act with professionalism, investors must be aware that it’s not unheard of for real estate agents to alter the appraisal they provide you to match your expectations, and to be fairly bullish with their appraisals to secure a listing.
A valuer, however, is immune to these pressures, tasked with one job and one job alone – valuing your home.
2) They’re not an exact science
It will be of no surprise to any savvy investor that figuring out the price of a property is never an exact science, even for those trained in the valuation field. Similarly, obtaining two different valuations also isn’t an unheard of occurrence, and is the reason many investors will head to a different bank to obtain financing, particularly after a renovation.
Observer <a href="/expert-insights/investing/the-murky-waters-of-bank-valuations-mark-armstrong">Mark Armstrong refers to bank valuations as being ‘murky waters’</a>. “Remember if a valuation comes in too high and the bank loses money on the loan then the valuer maybe legally liable,” he notes, which may suggest why there is also a general impression in real estate that valuers are conservative with their estimates.
Similarly, it has been pointed out time and time again, such as <a href="/expert-insights/investing/home-valuations-can-be-subjective">by Mal James in this article</a>, that valuers are subjective. This is because they are human beings, and they act with the information provided and their knowledge to come up with the best possible response.
3) There are multiple types of valuation
While we’re focusing on a fairly rigorous in-person valuation, there are a number of different types of valuations. From the DIY desktop valuation (which have <a href="/expert-insights/investing/diy-website-property-valuations-mostly-askew">varying results of accuracy</a>), to the ‘kerbside’ drive by valuation, be aware that not all are created equal.
RP Data lists four different types of valuation that you'll want to understand:
<ol>
<li>Full valuation</li>
<li>Short form or pro forma valuation</li>
<li>Restricted valuation (to include “restricted assessment”, “kerbside” and “drive by” valuations)</li>
<li>Desktop (to include electronic valuer review - EVR)</li>
</ol>
4) Comparables are heavily relied upon
One of the major aspects that valuers look at to come up with a final figure is that of 'comparables'. That is, recent sales in your area that are close to your property in location and type. A valuer will be required to judge whether your property is superior or inferior to these sales, and so adjust their valuation accordingly. If you want to get an idea of how the valuation may stack up, it'd be worth finding out the latest sales that they will be looking at. This also means that for properties in remote areas, or unique style homes, it will be trickier for the valuer to come up with a figure and, therefore, more subjective and down to interpretation.
5) You can assist the valuer 
As with any property, present it with its best foot forward for the best change of securing a good valuation. While valuers do not want to be harassed, told how to do their jobs or provided information that could sway them against the numbers, you can be helpful and provide information about improvements undertaken since purchase.
Be on site, ready to ask and answer questions, and have all the information about your property on hand.
Despite the reasons to get a valuation, there’s always the other side of the argument. If you’re considering a valuation, you may also want to hear <a href="/expert-insights/investing/property-valuations-a-waste-of-time-and-money-terry-ryder">Terry Ryder’s thoughts on why valuations are a “waste of time and money”</a>. Late last year, Property Observer also covered a heated debate that asked for an ‘overhaul’ of the valuations industry.
Tips for those wanting to get the best from a valuer:
<ul>
<li>Provide them a list of comparable sales (potentially inside the same project, as well as some that are not). While not all valuers will use them, some will. 
</li>
<li>Apply for finance six months before completion, not six days and if you find the valuation comes in low it gives you time to get a third and a fourth. 
</li>
<li>Attain your own valuation, using a valuer that is on your bank's panel of valuers. 
</li>
<li>Ask to see a soft valuation so you can check the comparables used and the comments made. 
</li>
<li>Bear in mind that the valuer often has a different valuation for mortgage purposes as opposed to sale purposes. But mainly: 
</li>
<li>Do your research beforehand.  Go out and look at 100 or even 10 before you make a purchase decision. If you've done your research you should be confident it will value up.</li>
</ul>
Source: CPM Realty
FURTHER USEFUL READING 
<a href="/expert-insights/finance/how-to-get-property-valuations-right-terry-hayes">How to get property valuations right</a>
<a href="/expert-insights/investing/property-valuation-101">Property valuation 101</a>
<a href="/expert-insights/letters-to-the-editor-valuation-experiences">Letters to the editor: Valuation experiences</a>
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jduke-EHk3XBmHkn

Valuations: Five must know facts

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Many residential property markets around Australia are currently in a ‘hot’ phase of their cycles. By that, I mean that these markets are in the maximum peak property values of their current market cycles.
It is a great time for sellers but a tough time for buyers.
Buyers in markets like Sydney, Brisbane, Perth and many regional centres are facing tough times right now. There are a number of contributing factors as to why these markets are so hot; not limited to the following:
<ul>
<li>A record low interest rate environment is encouraging some first time buyers in to the market who otherwise would not have been able to afford to.</li>
<li>First time Australian citizen investors, enticed by the low interest rates on offer and an increase in construction upstarts for off the plan investment purchases, are buying up properties at very high rates.</li>
<li>In regard to non-Australian-citizen/foreign investors, the introduction of relaxed government policy as well as incentives offered for certain degrees and levels of foreign investment in Australia has made for a property buying frenzy from foreign investors.</li>
<li>The ever-increasing urbanisation of Australia’s population is resulting in more people moving to capital cities as well as established regional cities also. This in turn adds demand.</li>
<li>The general ‘FOMO’ effect (fear of missing out) as a result of the above factors adds a heightened sense of urgency to another property-seeking group, mainly upgraders and second or third time property buyers.</li>
</ul>
All of this of course adds up to high asking prices in many markets. However, initial high buying prices isn’t the only challenge that occupants and residents of these hot markets will face. Different groups will be affected in these hot markets, and in different ways:
First home owners
Despite low interest rates on offer, first home buyers remain consistently out-bid and out-priced within their desired suburbs. The other worrying factor for these buyers is that even if they stretch to their absolute maximum buy rate to secure a property now, they are doing so in a very low interest rate environment.
If first home owners are stretched to their limits now, how they will cope when interest rates fluctuate back up to higher levels over the next 24 months?
I am not of the view that a massive property bubble is forming, however I don’t deny that in low middle income areas where first home buyer volumes are higher, should a significant volume of them fall under mortgage stress over the next couple of years property values in those areas may stagnate for several more years to come.
Australian-based investors
I use the phrase ‘Australian-based’ for this investor group to encompass both Australian citizens who naturalised in this country for most or all of their lives, as well as those who are newer arrivals to Australia but call Australia home (in other words, they live here full-time).
Investors who have purchased residential property in hot markets are no different to those who seek out properties in emerging or undervalued markets; all interested only in the return they get on their investment. This means that providing that either strong capital growth potential, or high rental return, are evidenced in a property purchase, they will consider a property in any market climate – hot or cold.
The problem is hot property markets mean that capital growth for that market/post code is usually at its maximum. That means that for investors seeking immediate capital growth, this will be unlikely for several more years because the property is at its peak right now.
<blockquote>
The consequences of suburb specific saturation by investors have not yet been truly seen.
</blockquote>
This means that if an investor in a hot market is truly a savvy buyer, versus a poorly-researched, ill-advised wannabe investor, they must be seeking 'hot’ (and immediate) rental return over capital growth.
That  paints an alarming picture for overall housing affordability in these markets. Investor owned properties must be charging very high rents to occupants of their properties right now to ensure their investment isn’t a massive loss-maker for them. That means that not only are property buying rates high in hot areas, but so are rents. Overall affordability to live in these cities  becomes poorer.
Non-Australian and foreign investors
Similar factors exist for foreign investors in comparison to local ones.
However, there is another factor at play. Recent investor profile data research from Australian Property Investor magazine suggests that local investors tend to buy in the same city (if not in a nearby suburb) to where they live. Foreign investors typically purchase, site-unseen, in markets that they have never lived in, nor even (in many instances) have visited.
I guess the missing ingredient here is the ‘sense of community’ that mass-property buying, condensed into a small group of ‘favoured’ suburbs or areas, erodes and the effect this has on an area. Some suburbs can become at risk of being investor ghettos whereby the ratio of owner-occupier to investor-owned property is so high that a genuine sense of community within that area becomes quickly eroded.
<blockquote>
Investors should look to emerging markets where owner-occupier to renter ratios are much more balanced.
</blockquote>
This then changes the dynamic of that entire area; eroding the gentrification developed over decades, in the space of just a decade or so of heavy investor-buying. Of course, it is not the fault of (nor should the blame be pointed at) the foreign investors themselves; but rather local and state councils, policy-makers and governments whose planning departments allow this occur, as well as property developers who exclusively market to foreign investors from the moment the first block foundation concrete is poured, en-mass. 
I draw a parallel here to post-World War Two Melbourne, where ‘outrage’ existed over the Italians buying out entire suburbs within just a couple of years after the war. The difference however, is that these communities owner-occupied the areas, made a great contribution to the ‘sense of community’ those areas had, and in hindsight were one of the major market driving factors that has given these suburbs the wonderful identity (and desirability) they have today. Yes, some areas were almost entirely ‘foreigner-owned’, but these people became locals and celebrated their communities.
Fast forward to 2014 and there is a lot of uncertainty around the concentrated foreign-investor buyouts of entire suburbs. This is because investors are not living in the suburbs themselves. They do not have say a vested interest in ensuring the local park lands are maintained, or that roads don’t become too congested, or that units and houses are not occupied by too many people, and so on.
It is no doubt clear that hot property markets offer rewards and benefits for some property owners. However, the implications of investor buying extend beyond just bumping the rental and purchase prices up. The consequences of suburb specific saturation by investors have not yet been truly seen. Ever the optimist as I am, I remain doubtful that investors buying in hot areas, at a grand scale, will be a positive thing for those areas.
Investors should look to emerging markets where owner-occupier to renter ratios are much more balanced.
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Cameron Mcevoy

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