Abadeen has released the whole-floor penthouse crowning its recently completed <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/park-residences-cremorne-2-sutherland-street-cremorne-nsw-2090">Park Residences</a> development in Cremorne, bringing the near-300 sqm residence to market for the first time.

Occupying the entire top floor of the boutique Lower North Shore development, the penthouse includes 221 sqm of internal living and a 74 sqm wraparound terrace, with a prized north-facing aspect taking in views across Middle Harbour.

The residence has been completed and fully furnished following a collaboration between Abadeen Executive Chairman Justin Brown and internationally recognised interior designer Jack Freeman, Founder and Managing Director of FREEMAN &amp; CO.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/abadeen">Abadeen</a> and Freeman approached the penthouse as a finished home, sourcing furniture, artwork, lighting and objects from Australia and overseas.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=114246 project_image_fid=378718]

Pieces from Parisian design house Pierre Augustin Rose sit alongside contemporary artworks and bespoke lighting, with Freeman drawing on recent visits to PAD Paris and Salone del Mobile Milano for the final collection.

Brown said the aim was to create a penthouse that felt more like a large-scale private home than a traditional apartment.

"The experience begins the moment the lift doors open. You're welcomed into an elegant dining room before the home opens into an extraordinary living space framed by sun-drenched harbour views.

"Every time someone walks through the front door they pause. It's not just the view, it's the incredible sense of space, the warmth created by the northern sunlight that fills the interiors, and the way every room connects so effortlessly.

"It has all the proportions of a luxury home, while delivering the effortless lifestyle and personalised experience of living in a world-class six-star hotel, combined with the simplicity and convenience of apartment living."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=114246 project_image_fid=378713]

A secure lift provides exclusive access to the penthouse level, opening to a dedicated arrival foyer and dining area before the residence expands into its main living and entertaining spaces.

Floor-to-ceiling glazing runs across the northern side of the home, connecting the interiors with the terrace and Middle Harbour outlook.

The penthouse also features a fireplace and substantial chef's kitchen, while the wraparound terrace has been designed to accommodate both everyday outdoor living and larger-scale entertaining.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=114246 project_image_fid=378720]

Freeman said the interiors had been deliberately kept restrained to complement the scale, natural light and outlook already established by the architecture.

"The penthouse is a serene study in quiet luxury," Freeman said.

"The interior pairs soft, sculptural forms with warm timber, pale stone and a restrained neutral palette. Curated artwork and metallic accents add depth, while abundant natural light creates a calm, effortlessly refined atmosphere. In my world, less is always more."

Freeman said the approach was centred around collecting individual pieces rather than simply decorating the apartment.

"Every material, every object and every piece of furniture has been curated with intention. I am a true believer in collecting versus decorating.

"The architecture already provided extraordinary natural light, remarkable volume and an uninterrupted connection to Middle Harbour. Our role was to complement those qualities with unique one-of-a-kind pieces of fine art and collectible design sourced from recent travels around the world."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=114246 project_image_fid=378694]

Among the collection are solid bronze sculptures by Lorenzo Quinn, alongside a curated crystalware collection and pieces sourced from international design fairs.

Park Residences sits opposite Cammeray Golf Club, Cammeray Croquet Club and Grand Slam Tennis Cammeray, around 300 metres from Neutral Bay Village and its established collection of restaurants, cafés and retail.

Brown said the combination of a whole-floor floorplan, northern aspect and proximity to Neutral Bay was becoming increasingly difficult to find on the Lower North Shore.

"Completed whole-floor penthouses with a sun-drenched north-facing aspect and sweeping Middle Harbour views are exceptionally rare," Brown said.

"Add a quiet position opposite golf, croquet and tennis facilities, a level walk to Neutral Bay Village and only minutes to the CBD, and you have a lifestyle that's incredibly difficult to replicate.

"This is a home that offers the privacy and generosity of a luxury residence together with the convenience of one of Sydney's best-connected harbourside locations."

The penthouse will be exclusively marketed by SRM Residential.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=114246]

Joel Robinson

Abadeen unveils penthouse at Park Residences in Cremorne

New Brisbane developer Dalcott has unveiled Marrone, the first of three residential projects it is planning in and around Browning Street in South Brisbane.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/marrone-south-brisbane-39-browning-street-south-brisbane-qld-4101">Marrone</a> will comprise 97 predominantly two- and three-bedroom apartments, with larger residences aimed squarely at the owner-occupier market.

The project will sit in a quiet pocket of South Brisbane between South Bank and West End, close to the restaurants, cultural attractions and riverfront amenity that have driven the suburb's continued transformation.

Dalcott is targeting buyers looking for more space and amenity than has traditionally been offered in the inner-city apartment market, particularly downsizers and professionals wanting to remain close to the city.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=149951 project_image_fid=377072]

Resident facilities will be concentrated around an extensive rooftop amenity offering, including a swimming pool, spa, infrared sauna, warm and cold magnesium plunge pools, private lounge, dining room and outdoor entertaining areas.

Dalcott Managing Director Lachlan Cottee said South Brisbane's combination of lifestyle, connectivity and established character had been central to the approach to Marrone.

“South Brisbane offers a combination of lifestyle, connectivity and character that’s difficult to replicate elsewhere in Brisbane,” Cottee said.

“Our focus has been on creating homes that feel connected to that environment while providing the level of design, functionality and quality that today's owner-occupiers expect.”

The residences will feature an expressive material palette. Italian Calacatta Viola marble, known for its deep burgundy veining, will be paired with aged brass tapware, Chestnut engineered timber flooring and Tuscan Oak joinery.

<img alt="Marrone" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="b8d833da-3b30-496a-ae30-07bdff371b50" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-08-25%20at%2010.52.35%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=P6DAgOfaQzIXljKKK5j3e5NhWtrHIu9G" />

Bathrooms will feature Nara Japanese ceramics and glass bricks, while clay, walnut and brass lighting will be used throughout the apartments.

Dalcott has appointed Realm Projects, led by Managing Director Shane Foley, to handle sales and marketing following previous sold-out collaborations between the groups.

Foley said the Brisbane apartment buyer had become increasingly focused on the quality of the home itself rather than simply securing an inner-city address.

“We expect to see strong demand from buyers who still want all the advantages of inner-city living but aren’t prepared to compromise on the quality of their home,” Foley said.

“Many will be downsizers looking to leave behind the maintenance of a traditional family home without giving up the space they enjoy, while others are likely to be professionals wanting a residence that reflects the way they live today.”

“Marrone responds directly to that demand, with generous floorplans, exceptional resident amenity and a location that places some of Brisbane’s best dining, entertainment and cultural attractions within walking distance.”

<img alt="Marrone" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="61f7b22f-899e-4c0f-940a-7d3ab1bfb93a" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-08-25%20at%2010.52.44%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=PvN1JYxBgUpyCB7efKo52WGdSDs9nmim" />

Marrone will be the first project delivered as part of Dalcott's broader investment in the precinct.

It will be followed by La Terra, a boutique project comprising penthouse-style, single-level apartments on a northeast corner site with extensive resident amenity and city views.

Cottee said Marrone represented the first stage of the group's longer-term plans for the area.

Dalcott was established in 2025 by Lachlan Cottee and Ben Dalgliesh, combining development and construction capability under an integrated model and focusing on architecturally considered residential projects.

Marrone will initially be offered through a pre-release registration campaign ahead of its broader public launch.

Dalcott targets owner-occupiers with South Brisbane debut Marrone

Parnell Developments is the latest to seek significant uplift through the NSW Government's Housing Delivery Authority on a Strathfield site previously approved for a much smaller apartment development.

Parnell has sought approval for a 32-storey mixed use tower across&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/7-lyons-street-strathfield-nsw-2135">3-7 Lyons Street and 18 Parnell Street</a>, a&nbsp;1,857 sqm site around 400 metres from Strathfield Station. The building would yield 160 apartments, 15 per cent of which will be dedicated affordable as per the government mandate for buildings seeking additional uplift.

Approved previously was a nine-storey building back in 2022 with just over 30 apartments. That approval came prior to the project being&nbsp;progressively reconsidered as planning policy shifted toward greater density around transport hubs.

<img alt="Strathfield" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="c5af5281-a643-4eb2-b8c4-0081b59c04c7" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-08-25%20at%209.16.48%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=37bd3mI7rHNpThOV_75VO8xsGFwWOi1u" />

Turner has designed the latest building that would replace&nbsp;existing detached homes across the four lots.

The apartment mix comprises 22 one-bedroom apartments, 107 two-bedroom and two-bedroom-plus configurations, and 31 apartments with three or more bedrooms. The scheme also includes 203 car spaces across six basement levels and 58 bicycle spaces.

The proposal has been designed around a three-storey podium addressing Lyons Street, with the tower rising above and stepping toward its upper levels.

Turner said the podium was deliberately scaled to respond to the existing street, while the taller element has been designed as part of the emerging skyline anticipated around Strathfield Town Centre and the wider Homebush transport-oriented development precinct.

The Lyons Street frontage would have a more active, pedestrian-focused character, incorporating the commercial tenancy, landscaping and a brick-framed podium with an awning.

<img alt="Strathfield" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="14b20874-b8c3-4ac7-bc03-92be9a69fb78" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-08-25%20at%209.17.48%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=av.9TxtqIRTC6v3PkSuu1rL9rreWoe2h" />

Parnell Street, which faces the railway corridor, has been given a different architectural treatment, with double-height breeze blocks, landscaping and communal areas used to soften the interface with the rail infrastructure.

The tower itself uses curved and recessed facade elements, with wave-like indentations across the northern elevation breaking the building into three vertical forms.

A palette of grey concrete, brick and breeze blocks is complemented by clay and terracotta accents, while the upper tower adopts a lighter expression through articulated slab edges, vertical fins and recessed glazing.

Residents would have access to 467 sqm of communal open space spread across three levels. The ground floor would accommodate the more active resident areas, including barbecue and group gathering spaces and an internal communal room capable of being used for working from home.

A more passive viewing deck is proposed at level three, overlooking the ground-level landscaping and neighbouring tennis courts, while a rooftop "sunset deck" at level 30 would provide another social and relaxation space.

<img alt="Parnell" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="c3dce401-a80f-4682-8471-4caa01180880" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-08-25%20at%209.17.34%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=Xyo8JVqbOhSJXNy6Ih.1cHL.O6i0bGR." />

&nbsp;

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Strathfield has been earmarked for substantial change through the Strathfield Town Centre planning work and the nearby Homebush TOD precinct.

Turner's report says the project has been designed to act as a transition between the existing low and mid-rise development surrounding the site and the taller built form expected to emerge across the town centre.

The proposal is being assessed as State Significant Development under the HDA pathway, alongside the concurrent request to amend the Burwood Local Environmental Plan.

First look: New apartment tower pitched for Strathfield Town Centre precinct

An $18 million penthouse has hit the market in Main Beach as construction tops out on La Mer, the $155 million apartment development rising just metres from the beach.

Spanning around 600 sqm across the top two levels of the 29-storey tower on Main Beach Parade, the four-bedroom penthouse is one of the latest eight-figure residences to test the upper end of the Gold Coast apartment market.

Its launch comes amid continued activity at the very top of the market, following the $30 million off-the-plan sale of a Burleigh Heads penthouse earlier this year, which surpassed the Gold Coast's previous $24 million apartment record set in 2023.

The <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/la-mer-main-beach-3580-main-beach-parade-main-beach-qld-4217">La Mer penthouse</a> has been designed as a private residence in the sky, with 360-degree views spanning the ocean, Broadwater, hinterland and Gold Coast skyline.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=95606 project_image_fid=378731]

All four bedrooms have ensuites, while the ocean-facing master retreat occupies around half of the upper level and includes its own lounge, private balcony, two walk-in wardrobes and an oversized ensuite with a freestanding stone bath positioned to take in the views.

The residence also features a kitchen designed to accommodate a private chef, a 3.6-metre island bench, expansive butler's pantry, wine cellar and integrated bar.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=95606 project_image_fid=378732]

A rooftop pool and substantial outdoor entertaining area with its own kitchen sit above the residence, while a grand staircase connects the two internal levels. The penthouse also has its own express lift.

OTP Group Director James Elliott, who is marketing La Mer, said the penthouse was expected to appeal to high-net-worth buyers seeking either a permanent Main Beach residence or Gold Coast holiday home.

“The La Mer penthouse represents exceptional value, considering its quality design, size, privacy and location, not to mention the 360-degree views capturing the beach and Gold Coast Broadwater,” Elliott said.

“We’re anticipating interest from high-net-worth individuals and couples seeking a residence or holiday home in the sought-after village enclave of Main Beach, taking advantage of the unprecedented growth underway in the area and neighbouring The Spit.”

[smartcode_project:default project_id=95606 project_image_fid=378736]

La Mer is being developed by developer-builder ODUS and Nazero, in partnership with funder Metrics Credit Partners.

ODUS Director Byron Sakha said topping out the tower had provided the opportunity to release the project's most significant residence.

“We’ve worked with internationally-recognised studio Sici Design on the penthouse interiors, with a focus on ensuring it isn’t luxury for luxury’s sake. Every element has been thoughtfully designed to enhance quality of life for those who call it home,” Sakha said.

“The views are the hero of virtually every space, but we’ve given equal attention to the fittings and finishes, so every detail exudes elegance and refinement.”

Sici Design Founder and Director Maria Papadopoulos said the extensive views became an integral part of the interior design rather than simply something the residence was designed around.

“The views weren't something we designed around, they became part of the design itself, with the true luxury of La Mer in its feeling of peace, calm and wellbeing,” Papadopoulos said.

“Luxury isn't defined by how something looks, but how it makes you feel, and we believe a luxurious home should be beautiful to live in, not stressful to maintain.”

The interiors combine Austral Dream Dolomite natural stone and travertine with timber flooring and a restrained coastal palette.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=95606 project_image_fid=378734]

Designed by Plus Studio, La Mer is one of the more boutique additions to the rapidly changing Main Beach apartment market.

The tower comprises just 24 full-floor, three-bedroom plus multipurpose room apartments below the two-level penthouse, giving the project a considerably lower density than many of the larger towers being developed across the Gold Coast.

Residents will have access to a pool and spa, gym, sauna, barbecue facilities, private sun lounges, yoga lawn and outdoor beach shower.

The penthouse has been released as part of the final collection of residences at La Mer, with remaining apartments priced from $4.3 million.

Construction is expected to complete later this year, with a fully furnished display apartment now open on level four.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=95606]

ODUS releases $18 million penthouse crowning La Mer Main Beach

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/far-east-consortium">Far East Consortium</a> is preparing to commence construction on <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/640-bourke-street-melbourne-640-bourke-street-melbourne-vic-3000">640 Bourke Street</a> this October, marking the next milestone for the Melbourne CBD development and its higher-end Eliza Collection.

Spanning levels 44 to 68 of the 68-storey <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/rothelowman">Rothelowman</a>-designed tower, the Eliza Collection has been conceived as a lower-density offering within the broader development, with only five apartments on each floor, dedicated lift access and a collection of resident spaces reserved exclusively for Eliza Collection residents.

The Eliza Collection forms part of Far East Consortium's broader move toward larger-format residences at 640 Bourke Street, where the number of apartments was reduced from earlier plans as apartment sizes increased.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=509 project_image_fid=365685]

"What it's meant for 640 Bourke is we've actually reduced the number of apartments. We've increased the overall size of the apartments. We don't have any studios in here, and what that does for a project is it elevates it," Far East Consortium Director of Sales and Marketing Lauren Sheldon said.

Rothelowman Associate Jun Chang said the design process provided an opportunity to create more generous floorplans.

"We were given the opportunity to be more generous. The apartments became bigger and squarer than any other apartments which had been designed in the CBD before that."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=509 project_image_fid=368869]

That thinking carries through to the Eliza Collection, where the residences have been designed around the space and functionality associated with a larger home, but positioned high above the centre of Melbourne.

Kitchens are equipped with Gaggenau appliances, a butler's pantry, temperature-controlled wine cabinet and sculptural pendant lighting, while engineered timber flooring, stone and porcelain finishes and custom cabinetry feature throughout the broader interiors.

Privacy and security are another point of distinction. Eliza Collection residents have dedicated lift access, while 640 Bourke Street will provide concierge services and secure resident parking. Short-stay accommodation, including Airbnb, will not be permitted within the development.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=509 project_image_fid=365689]

Eliza Collection residents will also have exclusive access to selected amenity spaces across levels one and three of the restored Eliza Tinsley building. These include the Salon with grand piano, an art therapy room, private dining rooms and treatment rooms.

They sit within more than 3,000 sqm of amenity planned across 640 Bourke Street, alongside facilities including a pool, gym, whisky lounge and further social and wellness spaces.

The Eliza Tinsley building itself is central to the wider project's identity. Rather than treating the existing Eliza Tinsley façade as a separate element, Rothelowman used it as a starting point for the architecture of the new tower, with the historic building to accommodate the project's gallery and lobby.

"It's a significant asset and wants to be celebrated and experienced by all residents every single time they go in and out of the building," Rothelowman Principal Stuart Marsland said.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=509 project_image_fid=368872]

The tower will rise behind the retained heritage building at 640 Bourke Street, placing residents within walking distance of Southern Cross Station, Flagstaff Gardens, Queen Victoria Market and the Docklands waterfront.

With construction scheduled to begin in October, Far East Consortium has established an onsite display gallery at 640 Bourke Street, including fully built apartments that allow the project's layouts, materials and finishes to be inspected at full scale.

A fully built Eliza Collection apartment is also available to view at the display suite by appointment ahead of the planned October construction commencement.

Eligible purchasers who buy before construction commences can secure the full available off-the-plan stamp duty savings, subject to eligibility and applicable conditions.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=509]

Far East Consortium brings Eliza Collection to 640 Bourke Street ahead of October construction start

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There are few topics that cause as much debate among property pundits and housing economists as Australia’s potential property bubble.
It’s a divisive topic. Those who say that we are experiencing a housing bubble are often labelled scaremongers, while those who consistently deny the presence of a bubble are accused of spruiking.
Philip Soos is an economist and post graduate candidate at Deakin University. He has recently co-authored <a href="https://www.worldeconomicsassociation.org/files/Bubble_Economics_Egan_Soos.pdf" target="_blank">Bubble Economics: Australian Land Speculation 1830-2013 </a>with Paul D Egan.
Property Observer asked Soos to explain past bubbles in Australia’s economy and how Australian investors can cope with a potential bubble.
<img src="/images/2014/07/29/soos-profile.jpg" alt="" style="float: right;">
What is your new book about?
The book provides a conclusive answer to the debate that has been raging in Australia for the last decade – is there a bubble in the housing market? Paul D. Egan and I used a fairly conventional approach to investigate this possibility.
We examined the work of the small number of economists who identified the US housing bubble and predicted the GFC, analysed past real estate bubbles in Australia’s history going back to the 1830s, and used a paper published by the RBA in 1999 (<a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/rdp/1999/pdf/rdp1999-06.pdf" target="_blank">Two Depressions, One Banking Collapse</a>) as a template for the book.
What we found is that Australia’s history is littered with real estate bubbles (really, land market bubbles) that later collapsed, pummelling the banking and financial system and repeatedly sending the economy into recession or depression. The stock market has often bubbled over as well, but the effects weren’t nearly as bad.
What is the difference between a bubble and a normal business cycle peak?
Every capitalist economy experiences fluctuations or business cycles, especially given its dynamic and chaotic nature. Business cycles are driven by a number of factors, particularly rapid industrialisation and urbanisation, mining and manufacturing booms, and the rise and fall of speculative asset bubbles. The former are typically based on fundamental movements in the domestic and world economy, but the latter is caused by irrational exuberance.
Due to the reasons mentioned below, mainstream economists pay little attention to the cycles in stock and land markets. If they did, they would notice that many business cycles throughout history have been strongly influenced by real estate booms, financed by private debts the banking and financial system extends to speculators. Controlling the regular pattern of asset bubbles would considerably tame the business cycle.
What are some big bubbles Australia's property market has seen?
The first land market bubble occurred during the 1830s. Speculators purchased enormous amounts of government-owned land, holding them in the hopes that prices would always rise. But fall they did, resulting in Australia’s first depression in the early 1840s, which the economy promptly recovered from.
The second bubble was insane, developing during the 1880s. Bank and non-bank lenders provided credit to everyone who wanted it, underpinning a period of mass speculative fervour, primarily in commercial CBD real estate. There were reports of Melbournian city blocks doubling in price within the space of several months in 1887. The bubble collapsed in the early 1890s, resulting in the worst depression on record, relatively worse than the ‘Great Depression’ of the 1930s.
The next bubble formed during the 1920s, though this was muted compared to the two previous bubbles. Banks were more cautious and adopted <a href="https://www.philipsoos.com/private-debt/">prudent lending standards</a> which ended up saving them during the depression. The movement in real estate prices were smaller relative to the previous land market cycle. The banks favoured lending to the business sector rather than households during these three bubbles.
The mid-1970s saw a commercial bubble, feeding into a smaller residential bubble which peaked in 1974. Both were financed by a sharp rise in lending by the banking and financial sector and eventually burst, bringing about a recession. The high rate of inflation and wage growth did, however, help to mitigate the large private sector debt burden.
During the late 1980s, another commercial bubble developed, centred in Melbourne, Sydney and Perth. After peaking in 1989, commercial real estate prices collapsed by 60% through to 1993, a thorough blood-letting. This produced the early 1990s recession and, to date, Australia has escaped a further recession.
The latest, and easily the largest, land market bubble in post-WW2 history began in 2001. This time around, the commercial property market is playing a backseat role, with the housing market severely overpriced by a range of <a href="https://www.philipsoos.com/housing-valuation">fundamental indictors</a>, indicating severe trouble will occur when it collapses. The illiquid, over-leveraged, under-capitalised, highly concentrated, foreign-funds addicted, and heavily over-compensated banking and financial sector is eerily reminiscent to that of the 1880s.
Article continues on the next page. Please click below.
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Are any markets in Australia currently in a housing bubble?
All capital city housing markets have experienced a <a href="https://www.philipsoos.com/housing-prices/">surge in prices</a> since the mid-1990s, with Melbourne posting the largest gain between the low in 1996 and apparent peak in 2010. Perth has also boomed, with prices doubling in a couple of years after 2004, peaking in the March quarter of 2007.
According to our <a href="https://theconversation.com/property-bubble-thats-the-theory-anyway-16814">preferred measure</a>s of a housing bubble - rising real (inflation-adjusted) prices, accelerating mortgage debt and aggregate net rental income losses - all capital city markets are in the bubble zone, though some are larger than others. Darwin has the <a href="https://www.philipsoos.com/rents-and-yields/">highest yields</a>, so it appears to have the smallest bubble.
What is the relationship between purchasing for capital gains and housing bubbles?
The crazy race for capital gains (paper gains or phantom wealth) is the cause of the bubble. Property investors accumulate huge debts to speculate on the future movements of housing prices, expecting continual rises. Fundamental metrics like household incomes, rents and yields are dismissed, as rapidly rising prices become the new norm.
To protect themselves from a crash, should investors be seeking rental returns rather than purely capital growth?
Yes! The fundamental value of a property is based on the income it produces, not what prices could be next year or the year after. Gross yields were around 7% during the mid-1990s, falling to 4% today. Those who have focused on positive cash flows rather than capital gain will come out ahead.
Housing prices can only rise so far given the staggering burden of household debts, currently around <a href="https://www.bis.org/statistics/credtopriv.htm">110% of GDP</a> as of 2013. This is a historical high and aligns with other nations having experienced a bubble: Ireland, Denmark and the Netherlands. Unfortunately, 67% of investors are negatively-geared as of 2012, up from 51% in 1994, indicating they are focused on capital gains, not rental income.
Why do you believe economists "get it wrong" when it comes to bubbles?
There are two primary reasons why the economics profession as a whole always fail to identify real estate bubbles and predict the subsequent economic downturns.
The first is the theory taught and practised is a <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Debunking-Economics-Revised-Expanded-Dethroned/dp/1848139926/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1405987428&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=debunking+economics&amp;dpPl=1">pseudo-science</a> (neoclassical economics). It imagines a world where people can see into the infinite future, know all information and always make rational decisions. Furthermore, banks, debt and time do not play any role in these models. Economists assume housing and land markets operate efficiently by definition; therefore bubbles can’t exist by this logic. It’s a religious-like belief, but with <a href="https://theconversation.com/time-to-stop-rewarding-economists-for-bad-behaviour-5836">very dangerous consequences</a>, especially for middle and low-income earners.
The second reason is due to vested and conflicts of interest. It is almost impossible to gain the honest opinion of an economist, researcher or analyst into matters of real estate and banking. Economists, particularly those in senior and executive roles within government and industry, are unwilling to jeopardise their incomes and privileged status by pointing out the obvious. If they did, they would be kicked to the curb by their employers by the end of the day.
It’s also the reason why our book has been suppressed by the mainstream media, echoing the experience of other published authors who have come to the same conclusion, such as Australian businessman Lindsay David (<a href="https://www.australiaboomtobust.com/" target="_blank">Australia: Boom to Bust</a>). Our two books have a combined 1,000 plus pages of the most in-depth research on real estate, banking and mining available, but no mainstream journalist or reporter will review or cover them. This is to be expected, however, given the irrationality of the times we live in.
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How can investors cope with a property bubble? Q&A with Philip Soos

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Here at Property Observer we talk a lot about buying your first investment property or home, getting your foot onto the ladder and the mistakes you may make earlier on.
However, for many property buyers it’s about planning for a portfolio of properties – rather than just the first one.
For today’s Q&amp;A we spoke to Wakelin Property Advisory’s associate director Jarrod McCabe and asked about how crucial that first purchase is and where it fits in to building a portfolio.
If there are any questions you’d like to see answered, or experts you’d like to see asked, email us with your thoughts: <a href="mailto:jduke@propertyobserver.com.au">jduke@propertyobserver.com.au</a>.
What type of property should first time investors be looking at?
Typically, a first-time investor has bought their own house and has some equity in that property. Usually they are employed and have identified some surplus income they feel they would like to invest rather than consume. Often the investor has time on their side – they have 10 or 20 years or more until their envisioned retirement date – and so they are investing for the long-term.
Under these circumstances, a first-time property investor should be seeking a property that is likely to deliver strong capital growth. It is the year-on-year compounding effect of this growth that will deliver the return they are after. 
How crucial is the first investment property to building a portfolio?
The first property is vital.  Get this right and in a few years it will generate sufficient equity to finance the addition of a second property.  Ideally the aim is to repeat this process a number of times.  But if the first property is a dud it won’t deliver the equity to go to stage two. Instead, the investor is stuck with a non-performing asset.  Their best move is then to recognise the error, sell this property quickly and start again. 
However, invariably it takes several years before the investor faces up to the reality of their situation. Not only do they lose thousands of dollars in transaction fees and forgone capital growth, but they lose the most valuable and irreplaceable resource of all – time.
What does the 'perfect' portfolio look like? 
A perfect portfolio would consist of a number of assets situated across a number of blue-chip suburbs in one or more of our larger capital cities. There would be a balance of one and two bedroom apartments in the portfolio as well as a number of single fronted period cottage or terrace homes. 
All the properties would be older-style and be situated on attractive, leafy residential streets with good proximity to local amenities. The apartments would be in smaller boutique blocks with allocated off-street parking.  There would be a range of architectural styles including Victorian, Edwardian, Art Deco, and 1950s through to 1970s.
What does it mean when people refer to “diversifying” their portfolio?
Diversification – not having all your eggs in one basket – is of course just as valid for property as it is for other asset classes. 
In the ‘perfect’ portfolio above, this is achieved in a number of ways: selecting both houses and apartments, selecting one bedroom and two bedroom properties; mixing up the architectural styles; and by selecting properties in different suburbs – and possibly different cities.
But you can over-diversify, if that means compromising on other investment criteria such as sticking to property with scarcity value. So I wouldn’t recommend buying a high-rise property just so I can claim diversification.  One also has to weigh up buying property outside your own state in order to achieve diversity against the increased uncertainty that comes with investing in a less familiar place.
See over page for more on building a portfolio, knowing when to stop acquiring properties and whether or not you should sell.
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
How quickly should a portfolio be built?
Property investment is not about how many properties you have. Rather it’s about building equity. Only invest in the next property when you have the equity to do so and the spare cash-flow to finance it.
How do property investors know when to stop acquiring properties?
Eventually investors recognise they have reached a point when they have achieved their financial aim or they are at a life-stage when they no longer wish to accumulate assets but reap the benefits of those assets.
Do you believe in 'never sell'?
‘Never sell’ is a good state-of-mind to have when investing. It’s the attitude that these assets are locked away for the very long term; that the investor won’t be selling if the property market has a cyclical fall and that they are determined to accept a lower disposable income today in return for greater rewards tomorrow. It is also a recognition of the very large costs involved in property transactions. Of course, this is all predicated on buying quality assets in the first place.
But naturally, life does not always go to plan, and there may be personal reasons why one would sell. 
How do you judge the success of a property investment portfolio?
It probably takes a few years before this can be done. A successful property investment portfolio is one that repays the sacrifices made in the early years of ownership to establish and nurture it. It does this by generating enough rent to not only cover all costs, but to pay out a healthy income on top. It also continues to grow in value every year. And it is so well managed by your advisers that it require little input from the owner.
Any ideas for a Q&amp;A you'd like to see? Email us: <a href="mailto:jduke@propertyobserver.com.au" target="_blank">jduke@propertyobserver.com.au</a> 
For more Q&amp;As, click here.
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Building a well-structured portfolio: Q&A with Jarrod McCabe

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A portion of property investing is often related to creating equity in a property – through developments, subdivisions and even renovations.
It's unsurprising, especially with shows such as <a href="/expert-insights/building/want-to-join-the-block-2015-heres-how-to-apply">The Block</a> and <a href="/expert-insights/building/underdogs-adam-and-lisa-win-house-rules-season-two">House Rules</a>, that renovating is a much discussed aspect of real estate for both home owners looking to improve their properties, and investors looking for bang for their buck.
Our Tuesday Q&amp;A is with Renovating for Profit’s Cherie Barber,  where we ask about essential renovation skills, the experts you can’t do without and whether you can really make money from a quick cosmetic fix up. Which skill is more important for renovating – a good eye for design or good management skills? I’d say good management skills are essential, whereas a good eye for design is definitely an asset, but you can always call on professionals to help out with that.
In the renovating game, it’s those with exceptional time management and organisational skills, who are great negotiators and communicators, and who know how to accurately set a budget and stick to it… they’re the ones most likely to succeed and make money.
A creative eye, without all those skills, might get you a beautifully renovated property, but it could send you broke! If you could choose just one professional as your “go to” for a renovation project, who would they be? I rely heavily on all my tradies, so choosing just one is difficult, but I’d say a really skilled carpenter is your biggest asset. They’re a jack of all trades who can turn their hand to most things, whether it’s putting up a stud wall, putting in a kitchen, making built-in seating for a courtyard or just smart shelving.
You really need a second in command on a project that you can depend on, so a carpenter would be my “go to” guy if I had to choose just one. Do you think there are any difficulties for women renovating? To be honest, it took me a couple of renovations to gain my confidence working as the only female on a building site – and not just the only female, but the one in charge! Not all blokes are comfortable with that, especially in a male-dominated industry like the building trade.
I’ve found the key is to be calm, assertive and very clear and direct in my communication style.
Never get emotional. You’ll minimise misunderstandings and disputes by having everything in writing, so if there’s a disagreement over an aspect of work or money, you have your written contract and detailed scope of works to fall back on. “Firm, but fair” is an approach that tradies understand and respect, whether you’re male or female. 
Friendliness goes an awfully long way on a building site. No one likes a dragon lady! Can buyers really make money with a cheap cosmetic renovation?  (Must read: <a href="/expert-insights/what-is-a-cosmetic-renovation-investment-terms-explained">What is a cosmetic renovation?</a>) Absolutely - loads of my students have done it! But you have to target the right properties.
If you’re looking for a two-bedroom apartment to renovate in a certain suburb, and you find that renovated and unrenovated two-bedders are pretty much selling for the same price, then it’s unlikely you’ll make money on the renovation.
You need to find decent “pricing disparity” – suburbs where buyers are willing to pay a premium for smartly renovated properties. That’s why careful research is so critical.
Buy the right property, in the right suburb, at the right price, and yes, you can definitely make money on a cosmetic renovation.   
During your shows you often point out that there are many ugly properties across, what are your most hated design features in a property? There’s a few thing buyers really don’t like. “Popcorn ceilings” are definitely one. They’re the spray-on ceilings that were especially popular throughout the 60s and 70s, and often contain asbestos. Visually they’re ugly and people don’t like the idea of asbestos in their home. Skinny little skirting boards and architraves always look cheap.
I hate bad layouts that don’t make the most of the available floor space, and unruly landscaping that was never properly thought out in the first place. And anything terracotta coloured – whether it’s tiled roofs, pavers or brick houses! Speaking of brick (especially those terracotta and blonde ones), rendering them is absolutely compulsory in my book. Are there any people who should not renovate a property? This probably relates back to question one, and the importance of excellent organisational, budgeting and negotiation skills. Those three cornerstones are just such a big advantage in the renovating game.
If you don’t have a single one of them, well, then you’re really going to struggle. Renovating isn’t an automatic road to riches. It takes time, focus, dedication and a lot of hard work to be successful.
Unless you’re willing to put in the hard yards to educate yourself about what’s required and then get out there and do it, you might be better off sitting at home. Trying to “wing it” is simply a recipe for disaster.
Cherie Barber is a public speaker, TV renovator and the owner of Renovating For Profit, a company that teaches everyday people how to buy and renovate properties for a profit. Cherie Barber’s <a href="https://www.renovatingforprofit.com.au/content/renovating-profit-home-study-cherie-barber-live-workshop-inclusions" target="_blank">next three-day Sydney workshop is August 21</a>.
YOU MIGHT ALSO WANT TO READ:
<a href="/expert-insights/building/three-reasons-you-should-renovate-for-profit">Three reasons you should renovate for profit: Patrick Bright</a>
<a href="/expert-insights/investing/to-renovate-or-not-to-renovate-that-is-the-question">To renovate or not to renovate? That is the question: Jo Chivers</a>
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Can cosmetic renovations really make money? Q&A with Cherie Barber

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Investors have been active in the property market with many seek out properties by themselves, but some appoint a buyers’ agent to assist them with the process.
<a href="https://rebaa.com.au/">Real Estate Buyers' Agents Association of Australia</a> (REBAA) president Jacque Parker talked to Property Observer about the kinds of property investors are looking for at present and why it’s worth considering the services of a buyers’ agent.
Why should an investor consider using a buyers’ agent?
The first reason is that you are given an edge by having an advocate on your side, just like when sellers engage a sellers’ agent.
Buyers’ agents are 100% independent because their service is being paid for by the buyer.
Not everyone buys property every day whereas buyers’ agents do that. They understand the complexities of the market and the process.
It’s important to have local knowledge of the market. Not everyone has that.
[Buyers’ agents] save time by doing the research and field work. As far as investors go, it’s narrowing down the suburbs, that will fit their budget and, if they have a strategy in mind, whether it’s a property that needs renovation or is in an area that offers potential capital growth.
What are investors looking for in properties at the moment? 
Most investors that come to us are looking for properties at the low end of the budget.
[Some are] looking for low entry [price] suburbs where they can buy something and do a renovation. Because we have that market knowledge, we can suggest areas that might suit them.
Most investors are looking for something that they don’t have to do anything to. Most people who hire buyers’ agents are time poor and while we don’t manage the renovation, we can help them on that by providing names of tradespeople and builders. We can provide guidance on how to start.
Investors are looking for yield and capital gain. People say you either get one of the other, but that’s not true. I’ve bought properties in regional areas that have achieved great capital gains and delivered high rental yields.
It’s about what your budget can allow and your cash flow can afford.
What are you seeing in the residential property market? 
Sydney is a sellers’ market. It’s an active market. There’s still more demand than supply.
The market overall is not one market though. That’s the trouble with any opinion from any so-called expert in the field. You are talking about a broad market. NSW is not one market. It’s made up of one huge capital city with lots of variation in its demographics, plus regional areas.
The market in the capital city has been very robust and over the past 18 months there have been many areas that have not boomed so much since 1993. It’s not sustainable, though. Property does have a boom, followed by slower growth and then plateaus out.
We don’t make forecasts but the key drivers are still in place because we have record low interest rates, increased consumer sentiment and positivity which goes a long way to accounting for activity and we still have affordable prices within Sydney and Melbourne.
Investors can still afford to get into the market for a reasonable amount and it’s relatively easy to get credit.
The past 18 months has seen all of those factors collide and there has been a boom in activity. It probably won’t continue, however that’s not to say it will go backwards. It will settle into a more stable and consistent growth pattern when interest rates start to rise.
Where are investors looking?
In Sydney, the median house price is almost $800,000. That’s not affordable. Most investors are starting off with units or looking further out for houses: <a href="/news">Blacktown</a>, <a href="/news">Penrith</a>, <a href="/news">Campbelltown</a> and to a lesser extent <a href="/news">Parramatta</a>. Regional areas have been attracting more interest as people can’t afford the capital cities.
Certainly there’s still a lot of interest in buying as close as possible to the city and maximising land value. Investors are trying to get the biggest piece of land they can as close to the city as possible and they’re prepared to go further out to get a piece of land.
Blacktown is still affordable for houses. Most investors buy properties under the $600,000 price range. Most people go in with $400,000 to $500,000.
What does REBAA do? 
The Real Estate Buyers’ Association of Australia is the only national body for buyers’ agents. All of the members are independent and none of them sell real estate.
People are either an independent buyers’ agent or they’re a sellers’ agent that calls themself a buyers’ agent.
In the US, they have a model where the commission is split between the sellers’ agent and the buyers’ agent. Commission there for sellers is around 6%. In Australia, we don’t have that model. It presents a danger of conflicts of interest.
All the buyers’ agents who are members of REBAA are licensed and carry professional indemnity insurance, which is not mandatory throughout Australia. They have to be endorsed by two other buyers’ agents to gain membership.
How can investors tell if a buyers’ agent is independent?
You have to be careful. Check their license number with the state or territory Fair Trade website. Ask them if they sell real estate.
If they receive any form of commission from any selling agents they have to disclose that and that’s where it gets grey and murky. If they sell real estate, they are not a buyers’ agent.
A buyers’ agent is not selling you property. They are looking for property that meets your criteria and presenting those properties to you. It’s very different.
What about property spruikers selling to SMSFs?
It’s not a new problem but the fact is that some financial planners and advocates are asking for big fees from developers because they see it as an easy way to make commissions.
Buyers have to ask what else is out there that compares to the property they are being sold and realise that the recommendation is a clear conflict of interest.
Even if the fee is disclosed with the SMSF property developers the buyer ends up paying an inflated fee which covers the cost of those commissions. You are better off paying someone to look for property for you independently.
Buyers need to be a bit smarter when they go to anyone who is giving them advice and ask them why they are giving that advice. Knowledge is power. Don’t be afraid to ask questions. 
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Why investors should consider using a buyer's agent: Q&A with REBAA's Jacque Parker

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Property investors and, increasingly, home buyers are being encouraged to look towards hiring a buyer’s agent to assist with their purchase. Understandably, when throwing hundreds of thousands, and sometimes millions, of dollars into an asset you want to get it right.
However, not every buyer’s agent is made equal and there are some profound differences between the different experts in our space.
If you missed it, last time we asked <a href="/expert-insights/buying/q-a-how-close-should-a-real-estate-agent-get-to-a-buyer-s-agent">'How close should a real estate agent get to a buyer's agent?'</a>
In our Tuesday Q&amp;A, Property Observer has taken the debate to Miriam Sandkuhler, the founder of <a href="https://www.propertymavens.com.au%20" target="_blank">Property Mavens</a> and author of Property Prosperity, and asked her the questions we wanted to get her opinion on – from whether commissions should be allowed to how much she thinks we should be paying.
What do you see as the key role of the buyer’s agent?
The role of a buyer’s agent is to research, source and negotiate to buy a property on a client’s behalf. They must always act for the client and advocate on their behalf, protecting their interests.
Just as a solicitor will act for both defendants and plaintiffs, a licensed buyer’s agent can act for a buyer or a vendor (in a selling capacity), but never both at the same time.
A buyers’ agent is in the market and negotiating every day, so their skills are well-honed and because they understand the market and the sales tactics real estate agents use, they are well placed to advise clients on how to buy the right property at the right price.
They also have access to the same information and databases real estate agents use which are not readily available to the public and can source ‘off market’ properties before the public finds out about them.
Most people only ever buy a few properties in their lifetime and can make the mistake of assuming because they have owned property; they are expert enough to identify an investment grade property.
Unfortunately each year I see people who have made this mistake - and paid the price in the tens of thousands of dollars.
Do you think a buyer’s agent should receive commissions from a developer?
Absolutely not.
If someone is receiving a commission from a developer, they are a sales person working for the developer and not for you, the buyer.
Whoever pays the fee is the client. That means if you are receiving “free advice” you are being sold to and the “adviser” does not have your best interests at heart. That includes someone calling themselves a "buyer agent" who is not charging you a fee or is rebating it when you sign a contract or at settlement.
You should always ask an agent, accountant, mortgage broker or financial adviser, if they are receiving fees from anyone else.  If you believe you are not being told the truth, refer them to Consumer Affairs in your state.
Never deal with anyone calling themselves a buyer agent who does not have formal real estate qualifications, as they cannot legally represent you in a real estate transaction and won’t be covered by professional indemnity insurance if things go wrong”.
You can search the Consumer Affairs website in your state which will have the Public Register of licensed estate agents. A buyer’s agent or buyer’s advocate should always be a licensed estate agent or agents representative.
What other sources should a buyer’s agent accept payment from? (E.g. property management referrals)
The issue of receiving referral fees is a matter for each agency to determine and the regulations differ from state to state.
For example in Victoria, if a buyer’s agent (or selling agent) receives a referral fee from a property management firm,  the landlord is required to sign a commission sharing authority approving the arrangement to ensure it’s a transparent transaction.
Some buying or selling agents elect not to take referral fees at all and merely require that a high level of service is delivered to the client. This is my preferred way of operating, because when there is no money changing hands, I can hold a service provider to account and keep the client’s interests at the forefront.
Article continues on next page. Please click below.
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Do you think there is an issue in the industry of unscrupulous practitioners?
As with any industry, there are always some practitioners who are more professional than others and a minority who behave unscrupulously.
The biggest problem in the industry is people masquerading as a ‘buyer’s agent’ when in fact they aren’t qualified property advisors or licensed real estate agents and are taking a commission from a developer or a vendor to sell you a property. 
Another problem I see with some buyer agents is when they let their egos gets in the way of a good outcome at an auction -  determined to get a ‘win’ at any cost and show others they have ‘beaten’ another buyer or buyer’s agent.
I have seen occasions where two or more competing buyer’s agents bidding on the same property have driven the price well beyond its true value and this is not acceptable.
A buyer’s agent should never lead you into overpaying for a property to ensure an outcome for them. It can lead to problems financing the purchase, because if the bank valuations do not stack up, the client can be left in a precarious financial position.
Even worse, in my view, is where a buyer’s agent ‘switches hats’ and sells clients property they have bought on the market or developer stock to their clients. If a buyer’s agent tells you they have bought a great property they have come across and suggests you buy one too, but don’t charge you a fee, they are either profiting from the sale or earning a commission. While this is not illegal, the ethics of this in my view are highly debatable. At a minimum they should at least be transparent as to how their fees are being earned and who they legally represent in the transaction. In addition, if they own the property but charge you a ‘buying fee’ to purchase it, there is a definite conflict of interest here, even if transparent.
An emerging problem is accountants, financial advisers or others giving advice on which type of property to buy for a super fund (SMSF) or with a family law settlement.  Again an adviser must be qualified and have years of experience to understand what type of property will suit these different scenarios.
There has been some <a href="/news/collusive-auction-bidding-not-prevalent-consumer-affairs-victoria">media attention recently on ‘collusive bidding’</a>, where multiple buyer agents from the one firm bid at an auction to try and secure a property for a client. I don’t think it is unreasonable to do this because as a buyer’s agent they are just trying to counter the tactics auctioneers and agents use to sell property. 
How can a buyer ensure they don’t end up using one of these buyer’s agents?
Be aware! In some states there is no legal definition of a ‘buyer agent’, and the term can be misused.
To ensure you are engaging a professional buyer’s agent, ask them these questions:
<ol>
<li>Are you a licensed real estate agent or agent’s representative? 
</li>
<li>Do you have a qualification as a buyer’s agent? 
</li>
<li>How and when do you get paid? 
</li>
<li>Do you only buy property or do you also sell property for developers? 
</li>
<li>How many clients do you work with at any one time? 
</li>
<li>What happens if you bid for me auction and miss out? 
</li>
<li>How many properties will you negotiate/bid on for me? Will my fee change or is it fixed? 
</li>
<li>How will you protect me from overpaying for a property? 
</li>
<li>What recent client testimonials can you offer as evidence of your work?</li>
</ol>
What prices are reasonable for a buyer’s agent to charge?
The level of a fee must be linked to the value of the service delivered.
Buyer’s agents charge fees in different ways – sometimes fixed or sometimes as a percentage of the purchase price.  Many charge an engagement fee upfront with the balance paid on securing a property, while others have no upfront fee.
One method isn’t necessarily better than the other, it all comes down to the firm’s policy.
The old adage ‘you get what you pay for’ is what all consumers who want to engage a buyer’s agent should always keep at the front of their mind.
When engaging a buyer agent, be clear about what your needs are, what service is being offered and if your needs will be met for the price.
If you don’t think the deal is good value, then check with other buyer agents until you find someone you wish to engage. Gut feeling, compatible working styles and personality can also make a difference.
Note: Some of this information came from Property Prosperity, with Sandkuhler’s permission.
YOU MIGHT ALSO WANT TO READ
Q&amp;A: <a href="/expert-insights/buying/q-a-how-close-should-a-real-estate-agent-get-to-a-buyer-s-agent">How close should a real estate agent get to a buyer’s agent?</a>
<a href="/news/the-argument-for-against-buyers-agents">The argument for/against buyer's agents</a>
<a href="/news/how-buyers-agents-pick-the-best-performing-properties">How buyer's agents pick the best performing properties</a>
Select your buyer's agent wisely: <a href="/expert-insights/buying/select-your-buyers-agent-wisely-what-you-need-to-consider">What you need to consider</a>
Property Observer readers, and industry members, what’s your take on the debate?
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