Repeat buyers are one of the strongest measures of confidence in any apartment development.

At <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/era-newcastle-west-124-126-bull-street-newcastle-west-nsw-2302">ERA</a> in Newcastle West, some purchasers are returning to <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/gwh">GWH</a> after living at the developer's One Apartments. Their decision to purchase again was driven by the quality of life they found after moving into their first GWH home.

Keith Wilton had spent years living in a house in East Maitland before deciding it was time for a change. Apartment living had always been on his radar, but he was selective about what he wanted.

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"I had some boxes I wanted to tick," he says.

Keith points to the open-plan design, generous outdoor areas and considered inclusions as key reasons One Apartments worked for him.

“One of those things was a nice indoor open plan area, but also I wanted a nice outdoor open area that I could entertain on in summer or Christmases or birthdays,” he says.

He also found value in the smaller details, from integrated appliances to shared resident spaces including the pool, cinema and rooftop areas.

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After comparing several developments, he chose One Apartments because of GWH's longstanding local reputation and his own experience working with the developer on a commercial project more than a decade earlier.

"I knew that they were local, that the quality of the build was going to be up there. I'd looked at other apartment complexes around and close by, and I just knew that here was a better decision location wise."

Today, Keith says the move has completely changed how he experiences Newcastle.

"I enjoy living in this location because it's more of a lifestyle change. That Newcastle city living where you can walk to restaurants and bars and even beaches and parks and even shopping across the road."

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Beyond the location, he says it's the sense of community that has surprised him most.

"Everyone loves living here because they chose to live here, but everyone looks out for each other. It's a real great community feel here."

For Aimee and Lyle Goodman, the journey started almost by chance.

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The couple happened to be having coffee in Newcastle when they noticed the site where One Apartments was about to begin construction.

"We were aware GWH was planning a development," Aimee says. "We made one phone call and things moved pretty quickly after that."

As busy business owners, they initially thought apartment living would simply reduce the maintenance that came with larger homes. Instead, it fundamentally changed how they spent time together.

"We actually catch up more as a family now," Aimee says.

"We've had homes with big yards and lots of space, but everyone ended up in different rooms. Here we'll have dinner together, the kids can play, and we spend far more quality time together."

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Lyle says their confidence came from GWH's reputation within Newcastle's building industry.

"I know people who've worked across different apartment projects, and whenever GWH came up the feedback was always the same. They're rock solid. They're quality."

That confidence only grew throughout the buying process.

"One of the things that really impressed us with GWH was the whole process, was the communication," Lyle says. "It was consistent, it was regular, there was no problem if we had some weird questions, there was no problems in getting answers."

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Aimee says one moment stood out.

"The project actually finished on time. We realised we needed to hurry up and sell our house because everything was happening exactly when they said it would."

The positive experience at One Apartments ultimately gave all three buyers the confidence to purchase again with GWH, this time at ERA.

Their confidence reflects what many buyers are seeking in today's apartment market. Location remains important, but so too does certainty around delivery, quality and long-term liveability.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=135096 project_image_fid=356822]

ERA builds on those foundations with 280 one, two and three-bedroom apartments across two landmark towers in <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/newcastle-west-nsw-2302">Newcastle West</a>.&nbsp;

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/fk-australia">Fender Katsalidis</a>, the project will include more than 2,000 square metres of resident amenities, including a resort-style pool, gym, sauna, private cinema and rooftop entertaining spaces overlooking the harbour and coastline.&nbsp;

The development is also within walking distance of the Newcastle Interchange, Honeysuckle, Darby Street, the harbour foreshore, restaurants, retail and the city’s beaches, continuing the walkable lifestyle that existing GWH buyers say has transformed how they live.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=135096 project_image_fid=356826]

For Keith, the appeal remains straightforward.

"You feel at home even before you've moved into your home."

For Aimee, the change is measured in time.

“I just felt like I had more time,” she says.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=135096 project_image_fid=351102]

Construction at ERA is now underway, with more than half of the residences already sold and limited two and three-bedroom apartments remaining in the East Tower release. Priced from $980,000 for two-bedroom residences and $1.46 million for three-bedroom residences, buyers can secure an apartment with a 10 per cent deposit, with premium homes offering ocean views from Level 8 and harbour views from Level 10.

ERA is also backed by Resilience Insurance's 10-year Latent Defects Insurance policy, providing protection against structural or waterproofing defects for 10 years after completion. The project is anticipated to be completed in early 2028.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=135096]

Joel Robinson

From ONE to ERA: Why buyers are choosing GWH again in Newcastle West

Virgate Property Group is preparing to commence construction of Verdé, its new apartment development in Melbourne's Arts Precinct at Southbank, following a strong run of sales that has seen more than half of the project's 173 apartments secured.

Verdé has attracted a broad mix of first home buyers, owner-occupiers upgrading from nearby inner-city suburbs and investors, with younger owner-occupier couples aged between 28 and 45 accounting for the strongest enquiry. Many are already living in Southbank, South Melbourne, Albert Park, Port Melbourne, South Yarra and the CBD.

"Verdé is located in one of the most desirable pockets of southern Melbourne," Blair Property Group Director Darren Blair, who is managing sales at Verdé, said.

"It's within walking distance of the Arts Centre, Royal Botanic Gardens, Albert Park Lake, and Southbank's restaurants and retail. It's a great lifestyle location with strong amenity and liveability, which made it a very attractive choice for the project."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=4661 project_image_fid=372549]

Virgate was already familiar with the precinct, having previously delivered the successful Domain House development in neighbouring South Melbourne. That experience gave the developer confidence to acquire the Coventry Street site and continue expanding its presence in Melbourne's inner south.

"We had been keeping an eye on the site and the broader precinct for a few months before deciding to move forward with the acquisition," Virgate said.

The project was ultimately secured in 2020 following feasibility studies, planning assessments and due diligence, with the brief centred on delivering "a high-quality, considered design that feels both refined and fit for purpose."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=4661 project_image_fid=314259]

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/bruce-henderson-architects">Bruce Henderson Architects</a>, Verdé comprises 173 one, two and three-bedroom apartments priced from $599,000. The architecture is distinguished by a faceted glass façade that responds to both the site's outlook and Melbourne's changing light conditions.

According to Bruce Henderson Architects, the coloured glazing gives the building a distinctive identity while also providing privacy and solar shading, with residences oriented to capture views across the bay, city skyline and surrounding parklands.

Inside, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/interior-designers/designoffice">DesignOffice</a> has created interiors focused on natural light, efficient planning and enduring materials. Apartments feature engineered oak flooring, natural stone benchtops, floor-to-ceiling glazing and SMEG appliances, while a restrained material palette aims to complement the expansive outlooks rather than compete with them.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=4661 project_image_fid=372550]

Resident amenity has also been designed around everyday functionality rather than occasional use. Facilities include a concierge-serviced lobby, residents' lounge with fireplace, library and co-working space, gym, terrace garden with barbecue facilities, ground-floor café, and package delivery management.

The project's location continues to be one of its strongest drawcards. Positioned on Coventry Street, Verdé sits within walking distance of the National Gallery of Victoria, Arts Centre Melbourne, Royal Botanic Gardens and Albert Park Lake, while Southbank's dining precinct, Sturt Street trams and the new ANZAC Station are all nearby. The surrounding education catchment also includes Melbourne Grammar, Melbourne Girls Grammar, Mac.Robertson Girls' High School and several major university campuses.

The sales team says buyers have responded particularly well to the combination of location, design quality and long-term liveability.

"They're responding really positively to the quality of the design, premium resident amenities and the uninterrupted views. Many also appreciate the location and how connected it is to everything they need."

The ability to secure stamp duty savings before completion has also been a key factor for purchasers, alongside the opportunity to personalise finishes ahead of settlement.

With construction set to commence soon and more than half the apartments already sold, Verdé enters its next phase as one of the Arts Precinct's more established apartment developments, offering remaining buyers an opportunity to secure a residence before construction advances further. Expected completion is scheduled for late 2027.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=4661]

Virgate's Verdé Southbank moves toward construction as sales fly past halfway stage

Downsizer-focused apartment development Kooyongkoot in Hawthorn has been recognised at the 2026 Better Future Melbourne Design Awards, taking home Gold and Silver awards in two categories.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/kooyongkoot-hawthorn-1-kooyongkoot-road-hawthorn-vic-3122">Kooyongkoot</a>, currently being delivered by developer PQD and designed by Cera Stribley, received Gold in the Interior Design – Proposed category and Silver in the Architecture – Proposed category.

The dual recognition reflects the design approach behind the boutique development on prestigious Kooyongkoot Road, where the focus has been on creating homes for downsizers seeking the space, quality and functionality of a detached house within a low-rise apartment building.

Rather than maximising apartment numbers, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/pqd">PQD</a> and <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/cera-stribley-architects">Cera Stribley</a> limited the development to just 18 residences, allowing for larger floorplans, greater privacy, generous landscaping and expansive communal spaces.&nbsp;The majority of the apartments also benefit from corner aspects, allowing for dual sources of natural light.

Now around 70 per cent complete and on track for completion in November 2026, Kooyongkoot will comprise a mix of garden residences, ter​race apartments, sub-penthouses, and is crowned by two half-floor penthouses with direct lift access and private rooftop terraces.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=102717 project_image_fid=355297]

The Silver Award for Architecture recognised the way the building responds to its prominent corner position at the ent​rance to Hawthorn's Scotch Hill precinct, one of Melbourne's most established residential neighbourhoods.

Rather than competing with the grand homes that line Kooyongkoot Road, the architectural approach focused on restraint and longevity, using curved brickwork, generous landscaping and carefully considered proportions to integrate with the existing streetscape.

"The form feels fluid and timeless, as though shaped by the landscape itself – architecture that belongs, rather than competes," said Chris Stribley, Co-Founder and Managing Principal of Cera Stribley.

The judging submission also highlighted practical innovations throughout the building, including lift cores servicing only nine homes each, a central landscaped lightcourt designed to bring daylight and ventilation into the building, and fully enclosed private storage rooms with lighting, power and shelving to better accommodate residents transitioning from larger family homes.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=102717 project_image_fid=355293]

The Gold Award for Interior Design recognised the project's focus on long-term liveability rather than display-home aesthetics.

According to the awards submission, the interiors were designed from the inside out, prioritising how homes would function over decades of daily use through generous proportions, practical storage, durable natural materials and flexible layouts.

The specification includes natural stone throughout, upgraded acoustic glazing, V-ZUG appliances and fully enclosed storage rooms, alongside an amenity offering focused on wellness, entertainment and everyday convenience.&nbsp;

Residents will have access to a gym and yoga studio, a wellness centre featuring traditional and infrared saunas, a cold therapy shower and treatment room, as well as a residents' lounge and golf simulator/cinema room for entertainment.&nbsp;Kooyongkoot has also considered the everyday convenience of its residents by offering a private carwash and pet wash facilities on site as well as dedicated parcel lockers and oversized fully enclosed storage rooms.&nbsp;

[smartcode_project:default project_id=102717 project_image_fid=355303]

The project's attention to detail has already resonated with buyers. Earlier this year, Kooyongkoot recorded one of Boroondara's highest apartment sales when an $8 million penthouse was purchased by a Melbourne CEO downsizing from a nearby family home.

"Every detail feels deliberate, from the overall design down to the smallest touches," the purchaser said.

"The level of quality and refinement is exceptional, but what really sold it was how liveable it felt... It felt like a place where everything had been considered, not just a luxury building."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=102717 project_image_fid=355304]

Sustainability also formed a key part of both award submissions. Kooyongkoot is targeting a minimum 7.5-star NatHERS rating across all residences, supported by passive design principles, high-performance glazing, EV charging infrastructure, water reuse systems and a wellness model focused on lower-energy dry facilities rather than pools and large wet areas.

Located within walking distance of Scotch College, Methodist Ladies' College, Koo​yong Lawn Tennis Club, Aubur​n Village and Camberwell Junction, Kooyongkoot continues to target owner-occupiers looking to remain in Melbourne's inner east without compromising on space or quality. A limited selection of two, three and four-bedroom residences remains available, with prices starting from $1.9 million.

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Kooyongkoot wins Gold and Silver at Better Future Melbourne Design Awards

New apartment supply has become increasingly constrained across <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/parramatta-nsw-2150">Parramatta</a> in recent years, with fewer projects progressing through to completion as development conditions have become more challenging.

It makes <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/novm">NOVM</a>'s 2021-completed <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/the-lennox-parramatta-12-phillip-street-parramatta-nsw-2150">The Lennox</a> one of the most recently completed residential towers on the Parramatta River, and among the newest apartment developments in Sydney's second CBD.

With the project largely completed before the sharp escalation in construction costs and inflation following the pandemic, The Lennox is now offering pricing that would be difficult to replicate in a comparable new development in Parramatta today, or across much of Western Sydney.

The majority of the 413 apartments at The Lennox sold before and shortly after completion. A limited release of the remaining apartments has recently been brought to market by capital partner <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/project-marketer/equitifund-group">Equitifund</a>, with entry-level pricing from $700,000 and two-bedroom apartments available from under $1 million.

Rising above the Parramatta River at 12 Phillip Street, The Lennox comprises one, two, three and four-bedroom apartments, appealing to first home buyers, young professionals, families, downsizers and interstate investors seeking a completed apartment in one of Australia's fastest-growing economic centres.

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Rather than positioning Parramatta as an alternative to Sydney's CBD, Equitifund believes the city has reached a point where it stands on its own merits.

"Parramatta is no longer simply an alternative to Sydney CBD, it's becoming a destination in its own right," Equitifund Executive Chairman Greg Huxley said.

"The Lennox captures that evolution with a level of quality and amenity that's difficult to match at its price point."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=5743 project_image_fid=953]

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/marchese-partners">Marchese Partners</a>, the tower responds directly to its riverfront setting through expansive glazing and open-plan layouts that maximise views across the Parramatta River and city skyline. Interiors feature engineered timber flooring, stone benchtops, stainless steel appliances and floor-to-ceiling glazing, while generous balconies extend the living spaces outdoors.

Marchese Partners says the project was conceived to balance high-quality apartment living with practical, long-term functionality, pairing larger, efficient floorplans with amenities more commonly associated with five-star hotels.

That emphasis continues through the resident facilities, which include a 20-metre rooftop swimming pool, fully equipped gym and wellness spaces, full-time concierge, a residents' lounge, function room, private lifts, secure basement parking and rooftop communal areas overlooking the Parramatta River. Ground-floor boardwalk retail and dining further activate the riverfront and integrate the building into the surrounding public realm.

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Australian housing and finance group Equitifund has secured the remaining apartments, believing there are few completed apartment opportunities in Parramatta that offer the same combination of location, amenity and pricing.

Equitifund National Sales Director Ben Hamblett says buyers are increasingly recognising that premium apartment living no longer needs to come with Sydney CBD pricing.

"The Lennox is where aspirational living becomes attainable," Hamblett said.

"Wake to river and mountain views, step into Sydney's Second CBD, and arrive home to resort-calibre amenities, all without the harbour price tag."

Hamblett says owner-occupiers are also attracted by the convenience of having Westfield Parramatta, Church Street's dining precinct, Parramatta Park, Riverside Theatres, Western Sydney University and major transport connections all within walking distance.

"At The Lennox, lifestyle is not an afterthought, it is the foundation."

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The Lennox places residents within walking distance of Parramatta Square, Westfield Parramatta, Church Street Eat Street, Parramatta Station, the ferry wharf, Light Rail, the future Sydney Metro West, Parramatta Park and CommBank Stadium, reinforcing Parramatta's position as one of Australia's most connected metropolitan centres outside Sydney's CBD.

Equitifund says buyers visiting the display suite consistently comment on the quality of the finishes, generous floorplans, river and skyline views, and the walkability of the location. The project has attracted a broad mix of local professionals, upsizers, downsizers, buyers relocating from Sydney's inner suburbs and interstate investors seeking long-term growth opportunities.

That demand aligns with Parramatta's continued evolution as an economic powerhouse. Equitifund Research and Market Insights specialist John Bekiaris says sustained population growth, infrastructure investment and expanding employment opportunities continue to support long-term housing demand across the city.

"Parramatta has evolved from a satellite city into one of Australia's most important economic centres. Population growth, infrastructure investment and employment are all supporting sustained long-term housing demand."

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The apartment price gap drawing Sydney buyers west

A luxury beachfront apartment at Rainbow Bay has more than doubled in value since it sold off the plan six years ago, setting a new local apartment record in the process.

The three-bedroom apartment in the Flow development on Petrie Street, the first of four new projects locally by Paul Gedoun's S&amp;S Projects, has sold for $7.4 million, after originally selling for $3.27 million when the project launched in 2020.

The seventh-floor apartment, comprising 187 sqm of internal living space and a 54 sqm balcony overlooking Froggies Beach and Snapper Rocks, was purchased by a local family.

The transaction was negotiated by Pezet Matheson director Kerry Pezet and equates to more than $30,000 per sqm.

Pezet said the sale reflected the limited opportunities to buy into the boutique beachfront development.

"The sale highlights the rarity of opportunities within the boutique beachfront development, where residences seldom become available," Pezet said.

"Flow is one of the Gold Coast's most tightly held buildings. Buyers from our database move quickly when residences become available, and achieving an off-market sale at $7.4 million demonstrates the depth of demand for property of this calibre."

<img alt="Flow" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="c585b206-2130-4eee-a50c-3f27c51a7c70" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202026-07-06%20at%208.33.25%E2%80%AFPM.png?VersionId=m3pHRDV62Y3fvN.XQuQHq.52ilTWpRLf" />

Flow was the first of four luxury apartment developments delivered by Paul Gedoun's S&amp;S Projects at Rainbow Bay and was completed in 2023.

Positioned on the beachfront overlooking Snapper Rocks, the residence includes three bedrooms, three bathrooms, a powder room and views stretching north along the coastline towards Surfers Paradise.

Pezet Matheson Residential principal Mitchell Lambert said buyers continued to prioritise quality beachfront apartments in tightly held locations.

"Flow Residences offers a rare combination of elevated beachfront positioning, architectural excellence, comprehensive resident amenity and premium finishes, which is exactly what discerning purchasers are seeking," Lambert said.

"The transaction further reinforces Rainbow Bay's reputation as one of Australia's premier coastal lifestyle destinations, where limited supply and growing demand continue to support strong market performance."

Pezet Matheson originally marketed and sold out Flow off the plan, making the latest transaction a return to one of the project's original buyers.

Paul Gedoun is selling his third project, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/radia-rainbow-bay-271-boundary-street-coolangatta-qld-4225">Radia Rainbow Bay</a>, after recently completing, and selling out, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/buildings/esprit-217-227-boundary-street-coolangatta-qld-4225">Esprit</a>. He has plans for a <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/qld/first-look-s-s-projects-proposes-88-apartment-wellness-tower-at-coolangattas-boundary-street">fourth building</a>, 88 apartments on <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/209-213-boundary-street-coolangatta-qld-4225">Boundary Street</a>.

Rainbow Bay apartment doubles in price since off the plan sale during pandemic

<html><body>
There are few topics that cause as much debate among property pundits and housing economists as Australia’s potential property bubble.
It’s a divisive topic. Those who say that we are experiencing a housing bubble are often labelled scaremongers, while those who consistently deny the presence of a bubble are accused of spruiking.
Philip Soos is an economist and post graduate candidate at Deakin University. He has recently co-authored <a href="https://www.worldeconomicsassociation.org/files/Bubble_Economics_Egan_Soos.pdf" target="_blank">Bubble Economics: Australian Land Speculation 1830-2013 </a>with Paul D Egan.
Property Observer asked Soos to explain past bubbles in Australia’s economy and how Australian investors can cope with a potential bubble.
<img src="/images/2014/07/29/soos-profile.jpg" alt="" style="float: right;">
What is your new book about?
The book provides a conclusive answer to the debate that has been raging in Australia for the last decade – is there a bubble in the housing market? Paul D. Egan and I used a fairly conventional approach to investigate this possibility.
We examined the work of the small number of economists who identified the US housing bubble and predicted the GFC, analysed past real estate bubbles in Australia’s history going back to the 1830s, and used a paper published by the RBA in 1999 (<a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/rdp/1999/pdf/rdp1999-06.pdf" target="_blank">Two Depressions, One Banking Collapse</a>) as a template for the book.
What we found is that Australia’s history is littered with real estate bubbles (really, land market bubbles) that later collapsed, pummelling the banking and financial system and repeatedly sending the economy into recession or depression. The stock market has often bubbled over as well, but the effects weren’t nearly as bad.
What is the difference between a bubble and a normal business cycle peak?
Every capitalist economy experiences fluctuations or business cycles, especially given its dynamic and chaotic nature. Business cycles are driven by a number of factors, particularly rapid industrialisation and urbanisation, mining and manufacturing booms, and the rise and fall of speculative asset bubbles. The former are typically based on fundamental movements in the domestic and world economy, but the latter is caused by irrational exuberance.
Due to the reasons mentioned below, mainstream economists pay little attention to the cycles in stock and land markets. If they did, they would notice that many business cycles throughout history have been strongly influenced by real estate booms, financed by private debts the banking and financial system extends to speculators. Controlling the regular pattern of asset bubbles would considerably tame the business cycle.
What are some big bubbles Australia's property market has seen?
The first land market bubble occurred during the 1830s. Speculators purchased enormous amounts of government-owned land, holding them in the hopes that prices would always rise. But fall they did, resulting in Australia’s first depression in the early 1840s, which the economy promptly recovered from.
The second bubble was insane, developing during the 1880s. Bank and non-bank lenders provided credit to everyone who wanted it, underpinning a period of mass speculative fervour, primarily in commercial CBD real estate. There were reports of Melbournian city blocks doubling in price within the space of several months in 1887. The bubble collapsed in the early 1890s, resulting in the worst depression on record, relatively worse than the ‘Great Depression’ of the 1930s.
The next bubble formed during the 1920s, though this was muted compared to the two previous bubbles. Banks were more cautious and adopted <a href="https://www.philipsoos.com/private-debt/">prudent lending standards</a> which ended up saving them during the depression. The movement in real estate prices were smaller relative to the previous land market cycle. The banks favoured lending to the business sector rather than households during these three bubbles.
The mid-1970s saw a commercial bubble, feeding into a smaller residential bubble which peaked in 1974. Both were financed by a sharp rise in lending by the banking and financial sector and eventually burst, bringing about a recession. The high rate of inflation and wage growth did, however, help to mitigate the large private sector debt burden.
During the late 1980s, another commercial bubble developed, centred in Melbourne, Sydney and Perth. After peaking in 1989, commercial real estate prices collapsed by 60% through to 1993, a thorough blood-letting. This produced the early 1990s recession and, to date, Australia has escaped a further recession.
The latest, and easily the largest, land market bubble in post-WW2 history began in 2001. This time around, the commercial property market is playing a backseat role, with the housing market severely overpriced by a range of <a href="https://www.philipsoos.com/housing-valuation">fundamental indictors</a>, indicating severe trouble will occur when it collapses. The illiquid, over-leveraged, under-capitalised, highly concentrated, foreign-funds addicted, and heavily over-compensated banking and financial sector is eerily reminiscent to that of the 1880s.
Article continues on the next page. Please click below.
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
Are any markets in Australia currently in a housing bubble?
All capital city housing markets have experienced a <a href="https://www.philipsoos.com/housing-prices/">surge in prices</a> since the mid-1990s, with Melbourne posting the largest gain between the low in 1996 and apparent peak in 2010. Perth has also boomed, with prices doubling in a couple of years after 2004, peaking in the March quarter of 2007.
According to our <a href="https://theconversation.com/property-bubble-thats-the-theory-anyway-16814">preferred measure</a>s of a housing bubble - rising real (inflation-adjusted) prices, accelerating mortgage debt and aggregate net rental income losses - all capital city markets are in the bubble zone, though some are larger than others. Darwin has the <a href="https://www.philipsoos.com/rents-and-yields/">highest yields</a>, so it appears to have the smallest bubble.
What is the relationship between purchasing for capital gains and housing bubbles?
The crazy race for capital gains (paper gains or phantom wealth) is the cause of the bubble. Property investors accumulate huge debts to speculate on the future movements of housing prices, expecting continual rises. Fundamental metrics like household incomes, rents and yields are dismissed, as rapidly rising prices become the new norm.
To protect themselves from a crash, should investors be seeking rental returns rather than purely capital growth?
Yes! The fundamental value of a property is based on the income it produces, not what prices could be next year or the year after. Gross yields were around 7% during the mid-1990s, falling to 4% today. Those who have focused on positive cash flows rather than capital gain will come out ahead.
Housing prices can only rise so far given the staggering burden of household debts, currently around <a href="https://www.bis.org/statistics/credtopriv.htm">110% of GDP</a> as of 2013. This is a historical high and aligns with other nations having experienced a bubble: Ireland, Denmark and the Netherlands. Unfortunately, 67% of investors are negatively-geared as of 2012, up from 51% in 1994, indicating they are focused on capital gains, not rental income.
Why do you believe economists "get it wrong" when it comes to bubbles?
There are two primary reasons why the economics profession as a whole always fail to identify real estate bubbles and predict the subsequent economic downturns.
The first is the theory taught and practised is a <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Debunking-Economics-Revised-Expanded-Dethroned/dp/1848139926/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1405987428&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=debunking+economics&amp;dpPl=1">pseudo-science</a> (neoclassical economics). It imagines a world where people can see into the infinite future, know all information and always make rational decisions. Furthermore, banks, debt and time do not play any role in these models. Economists assume housing and land markets operate efficiently by definition; therefore bubbles can’t exist by this logic. It’s a religious-like belief, but with <a href="https://theconversation.com/time-to-stop-rewarding-economists-for-bad-behaviour-5836">very dangerous consequences</a>, especially for middle and low-income earners.
The second reason is due to vested and conflicts of interest. It is almost impossible to gain the honest opinion of an economist, researcher or analyst into matters of real estate and banking. Economists, particularly those in senior and executive roles within government and industry, are unwilling to jeopardise their incomes and privileged status by pointing out the obvious. If they did, they would be kicked to the curb by their employers by the end of the day.
It’s also the reason why our book has been suppressed by the mainstream media, echoing the experience of other published authors who have come to the same conclusion, such as Australian businessman Lindsay David (<a href="https://www.australiaboomtobust.com/" target="_blank">Australia: Boom to Bust</a>). Our two books have a combined 1,000 plus pages of the most in-depth research on real estate, banking and mining available, but no mainstream journalist or reporter will review or cover them. This is to be expected, however, given the irrationality of the times we live in.
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How can investors cope with a property bubble? Q&A with Philip Soos

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Here at Property Observer we talk a lot about buying your first investment property or home, getting your foot onto the ladder and the mistakes you may make earlier on.
However, for many property buyers it’s about planning for a portfolio of properties – rather than just the first one.
For today’s Q&amp;A we spoke to Wakelin Property Advisory’s associate director Jarrod McCabe and asked about how crucial that first purchase is and where it fits in to building a portfolio.
If there are any questions you’d like to see answered, or experts you’d like to see asked, email us with your thoughts: <a href="mailto:jduke@propertyobserver.com.au">jduke@propertyobserver.com.au</a>.
What type of property should first time investors be looking at?
Typically, a first-time investor has bought their own house and has some equity in that property. Usually they are employed and have identified some surplus income they feel they would like to invest rather than consume. Often the investor has time on their side – they have 10 or 20 years or more until their envisioned retirement date – and so they are investing for the long-term.
Under these circumstances, a first-time property investor should be seeking a property that is likely to deliver strong capital growth. It is the year-on-year compounding effect of this growth that will deliver the return they are after. 
How crucial is the first investment property to building a portfolio?
The first property is vital.  Get this right and in a few years it will generate sufficient equity to finance the addition of a second property.  Ideally the aim is to repeat this process a number of times.  But if the first property is a dud it won’t deliver the equity to go to stage two. Instead, the investor is stuck with a non-performing asset.  Their best move is then to recognise the error, sell this property quickly and start again. 
However, invariably it takes several years before the investor faces up to the reality of their situation. Not only do they lose thousands of dollars in transaction fees and forgone capital growth, but they lose the most valuable and irreplaceable resource of all – time.
What does the 'perfect' portfolio look like? 
A perfect portfolio would consist of a number of assets situated across a number of blue-chip suburbs in one or more of our larger capital cities. There would be a balance of one and two bedroom apartments in the portfolio as well as a number of single fronted period cottage or terrace homes. 
All the properties would be older-style and be situated on attractive, leafy residential streets with good proximity to local amenities. The apartments would be in smaller boutique blocks with allocated off-street parking.  There would be a range of architectural styles including Victorian, Edwardian, Art Deco, and 1950s through to 1970s.
What does it mean when people refer to “diversifying” their portfolio?
Diversification – not having all your eggs in one basket – is of course just as valid for property as it is for other asset classes. 
In the ‘perfect’ portfolio above, this is achieved in a number of ways: selecting both houses and apartments, selecting one bedroom and two bedroom properties; mixing up the architectural styles; and by selecting properties in different suburbs – and possibly different cities.
But you can over-diversify, if that means compromising on other investment criteria such as sticking to property with scarcity value. So I wouldn’t recommend buying a high-rise property just so I can claim diversification.  One also has to weigh up buying property outside your own state in order to achieve diversity against the increased uncertainty that comes with investing in a less familiar place.
See over page for more on building a portfolio, knowing when to stop acquiring properties and whether or not you should sell.
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
How quickly should a portfolio be built?
Property investment is not about how many properties you have. Rather it’s about building equity. Only invest in the next property when you have the equity to do so and the spare cash-flow to finance it.
How do property investors know when to stop acquiring properties?
Eventually investors recognise they have reached a point when they have achieved their financial aim or they are at a life-stage when they no longer wish to accumulate assets but reap the benefits of those assets.
Do you believe in 'never sell'?
‘Never sell’ is a good state-of-mind to have when investing. It’s the attitude that these assets are locked away for the very long term; that the investor won’t be selling if the property market has a cyclical fall and that they are determined to accept a lower disposable income today in return for greater rewards tomorrow. It is also a recognition of the very large costs involved in property transactions. Of course, this is all predicated on buying quality assets in the first place.
But naturally, life does not always go to plan, and there may be personal reasons why one would sell. 
How do you judge the success of a property investment portfolio?
It probably takes a few years before this can be done. A successful property investment portfolio is one that repays the sacrifices made in the early years of ownership to establish and nurture it. It does this by generating enough rent to not only cover all costs, but to pay out a healthy income on top. It also continues to grow in value every year. And it is so well managed by your advisers that it require little input from the owner.
Any ideas for a Q&amp;A you'd like to see? Email us: <a href="mailto:jduke@propertyobserver.com.au" target="_blank">jduke@propertyobserver.com.au</a> 
For more Q&amp;As, click here.
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Building a well-structured portfolio: Q&A with Jarrod McCabe

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A portion of property investing is often related to creating equity in a property – through developments, subdivisions and even renovations.
It's unsurprising, especially with shows such as <a href="/expert-insights/building/want-to-join-the-block-2015-heres-how-to-apply">The Block</a> and <a href="/expert-insights/building/underdogs-adam-and-lisa-win-house-rules-season-two">House Rules</a>, that renovating is a much discussed aspect of real estate for both home owners looking to improve their properties, and investors looking for bang for their buck.
Our Tuesday Q&amp;A is with Renovating for Profit’s Cherie Barber,  where we ask about essential renovation skills, the experts you can’t do without and whether you can really make money from a quick cosmetic fix up. Which skill is more important for renovating – a good eye for design or good management skills? I’d say good management skills are essential, whereas a good eye for design is definitely an asset, but you can always call on professionals to help out with that.
In the renovating game, it’s those with exceptional time management and organisational skills, who are great negotiators and communicators, and who know how to accurately set a budget and stick to it… they’re the ones most likely to succeed and make money.
A creative eye, without all those skills, might get you a beautifully renovated property, but it could send you broke! If you could choose just one professional as your “go to” for a renovation project, who would they be? I rely heavily on all my tradies, so choosing just one is difficult, but I’d say a really skilled carpenter is your biggest asset. They’re a jack of all trades who can turn their hand to most things, whether it’s putting up a stud wall, putting in a kitchen, making built-in seating for a courtyard or just smart shelving.
You really need a second in command on a project that you can depend on, so a carpenter would be my “go to” guy if I had to choose just one. Do you think there are any difficulties for women renovating? To be honest, it took me a couple of renovations to gain my confidence working as the only female on a building site – and not just the only female, but the one in charge! Not all blokes are comfortable with that, especially in a male-dominated industry like the building trade.
I’ve found the key is to be calm, assertive and very clear and direct in my communication style.
Never get emotional. You’ll minimise misunderstandings and disputes by having everything in writing, so if there’s a disagreement over an aspect of work or money, you have your written contract and detailed scope of works to fall back on. “Firm, but fair” is an approach that tradies understand and respect, whether you’re male or female. 
Friendliness goes an awfully long way on a building site. No one likes a dragon lady! Can buyers really make money with a cheap cosmetic renovation?  (Must read: <a href="/expert-insights/what-is-a-cosmetic-renovation-investment-terms-explained">What is a cosmetic renovation?</a>) Absolutely - loads of my students have done it! But you have to target the right properties.
If you’re looking for a two-bedroom apartment to renovate in a certain suburb, and you find that renovated and unrenovated two-bedders are pretty much selling for the same price, then it’s unlikely you’ll make money on the renovation.
You need to find decent “pricing disparity” – suburbs where buyers are willing to pay a premium for smartly renovated properties. That’s why careful research is so critical.
Buy the right property, in the right suburb, at the right price, and yes, you can definitely make money on a cosmetic renovation.   
During your shows you often point out that there are many ugly properties across, what are your most hated design features in a property? There’s a few thing buyers really don’t like. “Popcorn ceilings” are definitely one. They’re the spray-on ceilings that were especially popular throughout the 60s and 70s, and often contain asbestos. Visually they’re ugly and people don’t like the idea of asbestos in their home. Skinny little skirting boards and architraves always look cheap.
I hate bad layouts that don’t make the most of the available floor space, and unruly landscaping that was never properly thought out in the first place. And anything terracotta coloured – whether it’s tiled roofs, pavers or brick houses! Speaking of brick (especially those terracotta and blonde ones), rendering them is absolutely compulsory in my book. Are there any people who should not renovate a property? This probably relates back to question one, and the importance of excellent organisational, budgeting and negotiation skills. Those three cornerstones are just such a big advantage in the renovating game.
If you don’t have a single one of them, well, then you’re really going to struggle. Renovating isn’t an automatic road to riches. It takes time, focus, dedication and a lot of hard work to be successful.
Unless you’re willing to put in the hard yards to educate yourself about what’s required and then get out there and do it, you might be better off sitting at home. Trying to “wing it” is simply a recipe for disaster.
Cherie Barber is a public speaker, TV renovator and the owner of Renovating For Profit, a company that teaches everyday people how to buy and renovate properties for a profit. Cherie Barber’s <a href="https://www.renovatingforprofit.com.au/content/renovating-profit-home-study-cherie-barber-live-workshop-inclusions" target="_blank">next three-day Sydney workshop is August 21</a>.
YOU MIGHT ALSO WANT TO READ:
<a href="/expert-insights/building/three-reasons-you-should-renovate-for-profit">Three reasons you should renovate for profit: Patrick Bright</a>
<a href="/expert-insights/investing/to-renovate-or-not-to-renovate-that-is-the-question">To renovate or not to renovate? That is the question: Jo Chivers</a>
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Can cosmetic renovations really make money? Q&A with Cherie Barber

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Investors have been active in the property market with many seek out properties by themselves, but some appoint a buyers’ agent to assist them with the process.
<a href="https://rebaa.com.au/">Real Estate Buyers' Agents Association of Australia</a> (REBAA) president Jacque Parker talked to Property Observer about the kinds of property investors are looking for at present and why it’s worth considering the services of a buyers’ agent.
Why should an investor consider using a buyers’ agent?
The first reason is that you are given an edge by having an advocate on your side, just like when sellers engage a sellers’ agent.
Buyers’ agents are 100% independent because their service is being paid for by the buyer.
Not everyone buys property every day whereas buyers’ agents do that. They understand the complexities of the market and the process.
It’s important to have local knowledge of the market. Not everyone has that.
[Buyers’ agents] save time by doing the research and field work. As far as investors go, it’s narrowing down the suburbs, that will fit their budget and, if they have a strategy in mind, whether it’s a property that needs renovation or is in an area that offers potential capital growth.
What are investors looking for in properties at the moment? 
Most investors that come to us are looking for properties at the low end of the budget.
[Some are] looking for low entry [price] suburbs where they can buy something and do a renovation. Because we have that market knowledge, we can suggest areas that might suit them.
Most investors are looking for something that they don’t have to do anything to. Most people who hire buyers’ agents are time poor and while we don’t manage the renovation, we can help them on that by providing names of tradespeople and builders. We can provide guidance on how to start.
Investors are looking for yield and capital gain. People say you either get one of the other, but that’s not true. I’ve bought properties in regional areas that have achieved great capital gains and delivered high rental yields.
It’s about what your budget can allow and your cash flow can afford.
What are you seeing in the residential property market? 
Sydney is a sellers’ market. It’s an active market. There’s still more demand than supply.
The market overall is not one market though. That’s the trouble with any opinion from any so-called expert in the field. You are talking about a broad market. NSW is not one market. It’s made up of one huge capital city with lots of variation in its demographics, plus regional areas.
The market in the capital city has been very robust and over the past 18 months there have been many areas that have not boomed so much since 1993. It’s not sustainable, though. Property does have a boom, followed by slower growth and then plateaus out.
We don’t make forecasts but the key drivers are still in place because we have record low interest rates, increased consumer sentiment and positivity which goes a long way to accounting for activity and we still have affordable prices within Sydney and Melbourne.
Investors can still afford to get into the market for a reasonable amount and it’s relatively easy to get credit.
The past 18 months has seen all of those factors collide and there has been a boom in activity. It probably won’t continue, however that’s not to say it will go backwards. It will settle into a more stable and consistent growth pattern when interest rates start to rise.
Where are investors looking?
In Sydney, the median house price is almost $800,000. That’s not affordable. Most investors are starting off with units or looking further out for houses: <a href="/news">Blacktown</a>, <a href="/news">Penrith</a>, <a href="/news">Campbelltown</a> and to a lesser extent <a href="/news">Parramatta</a>. Regional areas have been attracting more interest as people can’t afford the capital cities.
Certainly there’s still a lot of interest in buying as close as possible to the city and maximising land value. Investors are trying to get the biggest piece of land they can as close to the city as possible and they’re prepared to go further out to get a piece of land.
Blacktown is still affordable for houses. Most investors buy properties under the $600,000 price range. Most people go in with $400,000 to $500,000.
What does REBAA do? 
The Real Estate Buyers’ Association of Australia is the only national body for buyers’ agents. All of the members are independent and none of them sell real estate.
People are either an independent buyers’ agent or they’re a sellers’ agent that calls themself a buyers’ agent.
In the US, they have a model where the commission is split between the sellers’ agent and the buyers’ agent. Commission there for sellers is around 6%. In Australia, we don’t have that model. It presents a danger of conflicts of interest.
All the buyers’ agents who are members of REBAA are licensed and carry professional indemnity insurance, which is not mandatory throughout Australia. They have to be endorsed by two other buyers’ agents to gain membership.
How can investors tell if a buyers’ agent is independent?
You have to be careful. Check their license number with the state or territory Fair Trade website. Ask them if they sell real estate.
If they receive any form of commission from any selling agents they have to disclose that and that’s where it gets grey and murky. If they sell real estate, they are not a buyers’ agent.
A buyers’ agent is not selling you property. They are looking for property that meets your criteria and presenting those properties to you. It’s very different.
What about property spruikers selling to SMSFs?
It’s not a new problem but the fact is that some financial planners and advocates are asking for big fees from developers because they see it as an easy way to make commissions.
Buyers have to ask what else is out there that compares to the property they are being sold and realise that the recommendation is a clear conflict of interest.
Even if the fee is disclosed with the SMSF property developers the buyer ends up paying an inflated fee which covers the cost of those commissions. You are better off paying someone to look for property for you independently.
Buyers need to be a bit smarter when they go to anyone who is giving them advice and ask them why they are giving that advice. Knowledge is power. Don’t be afraid to ask questions. 
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Why investors should consider using a buyer's agent: Q&A with REBAA's Jacque Parker

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Property investors and, increasingly, home buyers are being encouraged to look towards hiring a buyer’s agent to assist with their purchase. Understandably, when throwing hundreds of thousands, and sometimes millions, of dollars into an asset you want to get it right.
However, not every buyer’s agent is made equal and there are some profound differences between the different experts in our space.
If you missed it, last time we asked <a href="/expert-insights/buying/q-a-how-close-should-a-real-estate-agent-get-to-a-buyer-s-agent">'How close should a real estate agent get to a buyer's agent?'</a>
In our Tuesday Q&amp;A, Property Observer has taken the debate to Miriam Sandkuhler, the founder of <a href="https://www.propertymavens.com.au%20" target="_blank">Property Mavens</a> and author of Property Prosperity, and asked her the questions we wanted to get her opinion on – from whether commissions should be allowed to how much she thinks we should be paying.
What do you see as the key role of the buyer’s agent?
The role of a buyer’s agent is to research, source and negotiate to buy a property on a client’s behalf. They must always act for the client and advocate on their behalf, protecting their interests.
Just as a solicitor will act for both defendants and plaintiffs, a licensed buyer’s agent can act for a buyer or a vendor (in a selling capacity), but never both at the same time.
A buyers’ agent is in the market and negotiating every day, so their skills are well-honed and because they understand the market and the sales tactics real estate agents use, they are well placed to advise clients on how to buy the right property at the right price.
They also have access to the same information and databases real estate agents use which are not readily available to the public and can source ‘off market’ properties before the public finds out about them.
Most people only ever buy a few properties in their lifetime and can make the mistake of assuming because they have owned property; they are expert enough to identify an investment grade property.
Unfortunately each year I see people who have made this mistake - and paid the price in the tens of thousands of dollars.
Do you think a buyer’s agent should receive commissions from a developer?
Absolutely not.
If someone is receiving a commission from a developer, they are a sales person working for the developer and not for you, the buyer.
Whoever pays the fee is the client. That means if you are receiving “free advice” you are being sold to and the “adviser” does not have your best interests at heart. That includes someone calling themselves a "buyer agent" who is not charging you a fee or is rebating it when you sign a contract or at settlement.
You should always ask an agent, accountant, mortgage broker or financial adviser, if they are receiving fees from anyone else.  If you believe you are not being told the truth, refer them to Consumer Affairs in your state.
Never deal with anyone calling themselves a buyer agent who does not have formal real estate qualifications, as they cannot legally represent you in a real estate transaction and won’t be covered by professional indemnity insurance if things go wrong”.
You can search the Consumer Affairs website in your state which will have the Public Register of licensed estate agents. A buyer’s agent or buyer’s advocate should always be a licensed estate agent or agents representative.
What other sources should a buyer’s agent accept payment from? (E.g. property management referrals)
The issue of receiving referral fees is a matter for each agency to determine and the regulations differ from state to state.
For example in Victoria, if a buyer’s agent (or selling agent) receives a referral fee from a property management firm,  the landlord is required to sign a commission sharing authority approving the arrangement to ensure it’s a transparent transaction.
Some buying or selling agents elect not to take referral fees at all and merely require that a high level of service is delivered to the client. This is my preferred way of operating, because when there is no money changing hands, I can hold a service provider to account and keep the client’s interests at the forefront.
Article continues on next page. Please click below.
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Do you think there is an issue in the industry of unscrupulous practitioners?
As with any industry, there are always some practitioners who are more professional than others and a minority who behave unscrupulously.
The biggest problem in the industry is people masquerading as a ‘buyer’s agent’ when in fact they aren’t qualified property advisors or licensed real estate agents and are taking a commission from a developer or a vendor to sell you a property. 
Another problem I see with some buyer agents is when they let their egos gets in the way of a good outcome at an auction -  determined to get a ‘win’ at any cost and show others they have ‘beaten’ another buyer or buyer’s agent.
I have seen occasions where two or more competing buyer’s agents bidding on the same property have driven the price well beyond its true value and this is not acceptable.
A buyer’s agent should never lead you into overpaying for a property to ensure an outcome for them. It can lead to problems financing the purchase, because if the bank valuations do not stack up, the client can be left in a precarious financial position.
Even worse, in my view, is where a buyer’s agent ‘switches hats’ and sells clients property they have bought on the market or developer stock to their clients. If a buyer’s agent tells you they have bought a great property they have come across and suggests you buy one too, but don’t charge you a fee, they are either profiting from the sale or earning a commission. While this is not illegal, the ethics of this in my view are highly debatable. At a minimum they should at least be transparent as to how their fees are being earned and who they legally represent in the transaction. In addition, if they own the property but charge you a ‘buying fee’ to purchase it, there is a definite conflict of interest here, even if transparent.
An emerging problem is accountants, financial advisers or others giving advice on which type of property to buy for a super fund (SMSF) or with a family law settlement.  Again an adviser must be qualified and have years of experience to understand what type of property will suit these different scenarios.
There has been some <a href="/news/collusive-auction-bidding-not-prevalent-consumer-affairs-victoria">media attention recently on ‘collusive bidding’</a>, where multiple buyer agents from the one firm bid at an auction to try and secure a property for a client. I don’t think it is unreasonable to do this because as a buyer’s agent they are just trying to counter the tactics auctioneers and agents use to sell property. 
How can a buyer ensure they don’t end up using one of these buyer’s agents?
Be aware! In some states there is no legal definition of a ‘buyer agent’, and the term can be misused.
To ensure you are engaging a professional buyer’s agent, ask them these questions:
<ol>
<li>Are you a licensed real estate agent or agent’s representative? 
</li>
<li>Do you have a qualification as a buyer’s agent? 
</li>
<li>How and when do you get paid? 
</li>
<li>Do you only buy property or do you also sell property for developers? 
</li>
<li>How many clients do you work with at any one time? 
</li>
<li>What happens if you bid for me auction and miss out? 
</li>
<li>How many properties will you negotiate/bid on for me? Will my fee change or is it fixed? 
</li>
<li>How will you protect me from overpaying for a property? 
</li>
<li>What recent client testimonials can you offer as evidence of your work?</li>
</ol>
What prices are reasonable for a buyer’s agent to charge?
The level of a fee must be linked to the value of the service delivered.
Buyer’s agents charge fees in different ways – sometimes fixed or sometimes as a percentage of the purchase price.  Many charge an engagement fee upfront with the balance paid on securing a property, while others have no upfront fee.
One method isn’t necessarily better than the other, it all comes down to the firm’s policy.
The old adage ‘you get what you pay for’ is what all consumers who want to engage a buyer’s agent should always keep at the front of their mind.
When engaging a buyer agent, be clear about what your needs are, what service is being offered and if your needs will be met for the price.
If you don’t think the deal is good value, then check with other buyer agents until you find someone you wish to engage. Gut feeling, compatible working styles and personality can also make a difference.
Note: Some of this information came from Property Prosperity, with Sandkuhler’s permission.
YOU MIGHT ALSO WANT TO READ
Q&amp;A: <a href="/expert-insights/buying/q-a-how-close-should-a-real-estate-agent-get-to-a-buyer-s-agent">How close should a real estate agent get to a buyer’s agent?</a>
<a href="/news/the-argument-for-against-buyers-agents">The argument for/against buyer's agents</a>
<a href="/news/how-buyers-agents-pick-the-best-performing-properties">How buyer's agents pick the best performing properties</a>
Select your buyer's agent wisely: <a href="/expert-insights/buying/select-your-buyers-agent-wisely-what-you-need-to-consider">What you need to consider</a>
Property Observer readers, and industry members, what’s your take on the debate?
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