The residential transformation of St Kilda Road is set to continue into with more new apartment plans for the sought-after boulevard.

Wing Tai Asia has lodged plans for a major residential tower at 464-466 St Kilda Road, replacing the former VACC House with an 18-storey mixed-use development designed around a retained heritage podium and a sculpted contemporary tower.

The proposal, prepared under Victoria’s Significant Residential Development with Affordable Housing pathway, would deliver 325 apartments and ground-floor retail across the prominent 4,653 sqm boulevard site in Melbourne’s St Kilda Road North Precinct.

The project centres on the adaptive reuse of the site’s heritage-listed VACC Building, an eight-storey office designed by Bernard Evans that has occupied the address for decades. Planning documents state the development would involve “carefully dismantling and conserving off-site the original metal fabric of the podium visible from St Kilda Road,” before reinstating it as the defining frontage of the new scheme.

Above the restored podium, Wing Tai is proposing a curvilinear residential tower. The scheme includes 172 one-bedroom apartments, 63 two-bedroom apartments, 66 three-bedroom apartments, and 24 four-bedroom apartments, alongside two ground-floor food and beverage tenancies fronting St Kilda Road.

The tower has been designed with substantial articulation and variable setbacks to minimise perceived bulk and maintain view corridors along the boulevard. Urbis, which prepared the planning report, said the design “has been significantly articulated through a curvilinear design” with “an interplay with materials, façade expression and depth” to create visual separation and visual interest.

The proposal also includes 254 basement car spaces, landscaped pedestrian links connecting St Kilda Road and Queens Lane, and a biophilic landscape strategy featuring canopy trees, raised planters, cascading greenery and a glass oculus pool overlooking the eastern frontage.

Planning documents confirm the $270.1 million development will contribute 3 per cent of project costs to the Social Housing Growth Fund as part of the application process.

Wing Tai acquired the St Kilda Road property in 2018 alongside Abacus Property Group for $95.38 million, before later consolidating ownership of the site. The property previously served as the Victorian Automobile Chamber of Commerce headquarters for around 60 years.

The transformation of the St Kilda Rd boulevard is already beginning to materialise, with a number of high-profile projects recently completed, launched, or approaching launch as developers continue to back the long-term appeal of the precinct.

Among the most notable recent completions is Louise by Samuel Property Group, just off the strip on Queens Lane, the same pocket Hirsch &amp; Faigen recently launched The Queensbury. Mirvac is too on the same street with The Albertine, which is approaching completion.

Dexus recently secured approval for its slice of St Kilda Road, while Gurner also has approved plans for the precinct.

Joel Robinson

Wing Tai unveils 325-apartment St Kilda Road tower on former VACC House site

Malaysian developer <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/s-p-setia">SP Setia</a> is the latest to jump into St Leonards booming Transport Oriented Development precinct.

The developer, which has previously delivered Sapphire by the Gardens apartment development in Melbourne, identified the Atchison Street site in 2023. It filed a Scoping Report around 12 months ago, and now has revealed the designs for the new&nbsp;40-storey mixed-use tower.

The State Significant Development Application covers <a href="https://next-portal.urban.com.au/projects/14650/summary">20-22 Atchison Street</a>, a 1,374 sqm site positioned between St Leonards Station and the new Crows Nest Metro station.

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/cox-architecture">COX Architecture</a>, the project would deliver 181 apartments, above a four-storey commercial podium, five basement levels, and new public domain works along Mitchell Street. The apartment mix comprises 35 one-bedroom apartments, 39 one-bedroom-plus-study apartments, 85 two-bedroom apartments, and 22 three-bedroom residences.

The proposal has been lodged as a shop-top housing development under the NSW Government’s TOD planning pathway, which allows increased density around key transport infrastructure. The site sits within the recently rezoned Crows Nest Accelerated TOD Precinct.

<img alt="First look: SP Setia targets St Leonards skyline with 40-storey TOD tower" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="b799673d-48e2-46b0-801a-0e33a9330100" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/atchinson%20site.png?VersionId=dPh0UfwfaHpbFL1R7H1cbZNbIW0CHbCC" />

SP Setia acquired the Atchison Street site as part of its continued expansion into the Australian apartment market. In comments made to City &amp; Country (The Edge Malaysia) in 2023, SP Setia President and CEO Datuk Choong Kai Wai described the acquisition as “a strategic move” aligned with the group’s post-pandemic market recovery strategy.

“Our target for this exceptional development is local and overseas buyers, including first-home buyers, downsizers and investors,” Choong said.

The tower has been designed as a slender vertical form rising from a mixed-use podium, with COX Architecture positioning the development as a response to the evolving St Leonards and Crows Nest skyline.

“The purpose of the project is to facilitate the delivery of high-quality housing at a strategically located site and deliver a built tower outcome that is consistent with the desired future character of St Leonards and aligns with the TOD controls,” the design report stated.

<img alt="First look: SP Setia targets St Leonards skyline with 40-storey TOD tower" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="b1a85eee-76f7-436c-a6da-73ba827b9b13" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/atchinson%20entry.png?VersionId=dA9jHGPMcm.dDbwk4QfxqWiY5bfh3UVt" />

The podium would incorporate retail uses fronting Atchison Street, commercial tenancies, landscaped communal areas, and pedestrian improvements along Mitchell Street. Vehicle access and loading would be consolidated via Atchison Lane.

Residents would have access to more than 665 sqm of communal indoor and outdoor spaces, while the development proposes 96 parking spaces across five basement levels.

The proposal also includes a commitment for 10 per cent of residential floor space to be allocated toward affordable housing through a monetary contribution.

COX said the tower form responds directly to the emerging high-density character of the precinct while seeking to maximise solar access, cross ventilation, and outlook from apartments.

<img alt="First look: SP Setia targets St Leonards skyline with 40-storey TOD tower" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="2163f85c-f63b-4be3-aafa-f8763976cec5" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Article%20Feature%20Image%20%28Grid%29_5.png?VersionId=WiAmtIKJ6.ZQ41EtYEQ1fol7AeorKBlL" />

“The building is orientated towards north,” the Apartment Design Guide compliance report noted, adding that the tower’s slim form was driven by the constrained inner-urban site dimensions.

The design also incorporates landscaped setbacks and communal open space at podium level, intended to soften the interface with surrounding streets and improve pedestrian amenity.

The project adds to a growing wave of redevelopment proposals reshaping St Leonards and Crows Nest following the opening of the Sydney Metro City line and the NSW Government’s push for higher-density housing around major transport nodes.

Last week Stockland filed plans just down the road. They want to build a <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/601-pacific-highway-st-leonards-nsw-2065">52-storey tower on Pacific Highway</a>.

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/nsw/first-look-stockland-plans-52-storey-538-apartment-st-leonards-tower">First look: Stockland plans 52-storey, 538-apartment St Leonards tower&nbsp;</a>

First look: SP Setia targets St Leonards skyline with 40-storey TOD tower

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/urban-property-group">Urban Property Group</a> has revealed plans for a new mixed-use tower at 10 Dangar Street, Wickham, advancing a proposal that would reshape the southern gateway to Newcastle’s city centre with one of the city’s tallest residential buildings.

The State Significant Development proposal, now on exhibition, seeks approval for a <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/bowline-10-dangar-street-wickham-nsw-2293">43-storey tower</a> immediately adjacent to the Newcastle Interchange. The project would deliver around 200 apartments, including 42 affordable housing dwellings, alongside 99 co-living units, a 171-room hotel, retail space, and new public domain integrated through the site.

The scheme marks a significant escalation of plans previously approved for the site. Urban Property Group took over the prominent 2,904 sqm parcel, where excavation and demolition had already commenced under an earlier consent for a 14-storey mixed-use development.

<img alt="First look: Urban Property Group unveils Newcastle’s next supertower at Wickham interchange" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="58a96dd9-407f-4d20-86b4-94e4bfeef74b" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/wickham%20podium.png?VersionId=LGlf08pdFGAZDzvx_CXC4XakHNZRuEE0" />

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/sjb-architects">SJB</a>, the tower has been conceived as a landmark transit-oriented development anchored to the Newcastle Interchange precinct. The proposal includes 245 build-to-sell apartments across a mix of one, two, and three-bedroom residences, as well as two penthouses. Fifteen apartments and one operational unit are earmarked for NDIS housing. The co-living component would add a further 99 units, while the podium would accommodate retail uses and hotel facilities.

SJB said the site presents “a valuable opportunity to anchor the precinct by setting the standard for design, active ground planes and character at the key southern gateway.”

The architecture responds directly to the site’s position beside major transport infrastructure and within one of Newcastle’s fastest-evolving urban renewal precincts. The tower form sits above a sculpted podium designed to frame new public spaces, including a through-site pedestrian link connecting Station Street to Hannell Street, landscaped plazas, and activated retail edges.

<img alt="First look: Urban Property Group unveils Newcastle’s next supertower at Wickham interchange" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="a7bd6ff0-f7db-4ce8-a6dc-ea56e72c6149" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/wickham%20lanne.png?VersionId=xzf39VADyhj7zBQY2I9fx9vI62u2tuSb" />

The design report describes the project as part of the broader transition of Wickham into “a vibrant, high-quality mixed-use urban precinct” that leverages proximity to the station, open space, and regional connectivity.

A detailed public art strategy has also been prepared for the development. The strategy positions the project as “a transit-oriented development of state significance at the gateway to Newcastle’s city centre” and outlines a series of integrated artworks responding to Newcastle’s industrial and transport heritage.

Creative Road’s curatorial framework for the project, titled Unveil, draws on “stratified surfaces, carved volumes, and light-filled apertures” while referencing Newcastle’s transformation from an industrial city into a contemporary education and technology hub.

<img alt="First look: Urban Property Group unveils Newcastle’s next supertower at Wickham interchange" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="77a882bb-14b1-4d28-99ff-9438e39508c0" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/wickham%20site.png?VersionId=cevgo_vN0eKPK78P8YcEu3mKPLkpFqE7" />

The proposal is being advanced through the NSW Housing Delivery Authority pathway after being declared State Significant Development in June 2025. The accompanying scoping report states the development aims to “maximise the site’s proximity to the Newcastle Interchange by delivering transit-oriented development” while increasing housing supply and affordable housing provision within the Newcastle LGA.

Urban Property Group’s plans align with the long-term strategic vision established under the Wickham Master Plan, which identified the interchange precinct as suitable for substantial uplift in height and density. The current proposal would significantly intensify that vision, positioning the tower among the tallest developments proposed for Newcastle.

The site sits immediately north of the Newcastle Interchange, bounded by Dangar Street, Hannell Street, and Charles Street. It is surrounded by a rapidly growing cluster of residential towers and mixed-use projects that have emerged following the completion of the light rail and transport interchange.

First look: Urban Property Group unveils Newcastle’s latest tower at Wickham interchange

Bottega House has completed settlement of a landmark riverfront site in Macquarie Street, St Lucia, representing its first major Brisbane development.&nbsp;

Positioned on the banks of the Brisbane River, the <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/180-macquarie-street-st-lucia-qld-4067">premium site at 180 Macquarie Street</a> features uninterrupted river frontage in one of Brisbane’s most tightly held residential precincts.&nbsp;

The proposed development, currently under assessment with Brisbane City Council, has been designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/plus-studio">Plus Studio</a> with interiors by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/interior-designers/mim-design">Mim Design</a> and will deliver a boutique collection of premium residences positioned specifically for owner occupiers and downsizers.&nbsp;

The residences are set to redefine luxury apartment living in the area, with a focus on architectural quality, refined finishes, landscape integration and elevated amenities including curated wellness facilities, resort-style pools and recreation spaces rarely seen in the local market.&nbsp;

Exclusive sales for the project will be led by Keenan &amp; Byrne, ahead of an anticipated launch later this year.&nbsp;

Bottega House Managing Director Nick Malloch said the project reflects the group’s ambition to deliver a highly curated residential offering within one of Brisbane’s most tightly held precincts.&nbsp;

“This is an incredibly rare riverfront opportunity and one we have approached with a long-term perspective,” Malloch said.&nbsp;

“Our vision from the outset was to create a boutique collection of residences that feel more like private homes than traditional apartments, with generous proportions, refined finishes and exceptional amenity throughout."

Malloch says there is a&nbsp;lack of premium owner-occupier stock of this quality in the market, particularly for downsizers wanting space, privacy and a true lifestyle offering without compromise.&nbsp;

"Demand is expected to be strong given the scarcity of premium riverfront opportunities of this nature within Brisbane’s inner-west."&nbsp;

Bottega House secures landmark riverfront site in St Lucia 

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The arrival of the first piling rig officially marks the commencement of construction at SIERA’s new beachside apartment development, Exhale, in Northcliffe.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/exhale-surfers-paradise-8-enderley-avenue-surfers-paradise-qld-4217">Exhale</a>, a glass-encased tower featuring 54 large-scale apartments at 8 Enderley Avenue, is SIERA’s third Gold Coast development. It follows the recently completed PIPIS Bilinga beachfront project, which achieved suburb-record prices, and the soon-to-be-completed Chevron Island development, Tapestry.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=112661 project_image_fid=359603]

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/siera">SIERA</a> Founder and Managing Director Brent Thompson said the arrival of the piling rig represented a significant milestone for the development, which is scheduled for completion in late 2028.

Over the next month, around 260 piles are expected to be installed as work progresses on the basement structure. The building is anticipated to rise above ground level early next year, before unveiling its sculptural glass curtain wall, developed in collaboration with specialist façade engineers.

“The façade was designed to maximise panoramic coastal views while creating a distinctive architectural identity,” Thompson said.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=112661 project_image_fid=355935]

Designed by BDA Architecture, Exhale will comprise just 54 two- and three-bedroom residences across 26 levels, a level of low-density living rarely delivered in this beachside pocket between Surfers Paradise and Broadbeach.

The project has been conceived as a resident-only building, with no short-stay accommodation permitted. SIERA says the model is intended to appeal to long-term owner-occupiers rather than transient holiday demand.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=112661 project_image_fid=361052]

Residences have been designed with large-format layouts and expansive glazing, with most apartments featuring more than 30 metres of glass frontage to maximise natural light and ocean views.

The amenity offering spans two levels and centres on wellness and lifestyle, including a heated magnesium pool, sauna, yoga and Pilates studio, gymnasium, private dining facilities, cinema lounge, and dedicated surfcraft storage.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=112661 project_image_fid=359607]

More than half of the apartments have already sold. SIERA has also opened a sales gallery for Exhale at its Chevron Island commercial premises, near its Tapestry tower and the site of its second Chevron Island apartment development, which is slated to launch in early 2027.
</section>
</section>

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=112661]

SIERA kicks off construction at Northcliffe tower Exhale

Opal Tower

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Researchers from UNSW Sydney’s City Futures Research Centre and the University of Technology Sydney (UTS) have, in partnership with the Strata Community Association (NSW) have developed the 'Strata Rectification Guide.

The <a href="https://cityfutures.be.unsw.edu.au/research/projects/defect-rectification/">online tool provides helpful information</a> for property owners and strata managers to navigate the process of identifying, documenting, reporting and rectifying building defects in strata schemes.

While the NSW Government has introduced a suite of reforms to the multi-billion-dollar apartment building sector in the aftermath of Opal Tower, the guide complements these changes by focusing on consumers already in buildings impacted by defects.

<figure><a class="colorbox colorbox-insert-image" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/pictures/article-images/strata.png" rel="gallery-all"><img alt="" class="image-article-full-width-580px" height="283" src="/s3/files/styles/article_full_width_580px/public/pictures/article-images/strata.png?itok=1AETkuUy" width="580"></a>
</figure>Strata Community Association (NSW) President Chris Duggan believes this guide could be a ‘game changer’.

“With the state’s reforms and the Building Commissioner reshaping construction quality, this guide complements the retrospective effort of the strata industry in educating managers and assists consumers to deal with the practical realities of defects,” he said.

Martin Loosemore, Professor of Construction Management at UTS, noted defects in apartment buildings have been a concern in NSW for many years and more will be affected in the future.

“Parts of the industry have been worried about building defects for some time before Opal Tower put it on the political map,” Prof. Loosemore said.

Though the particular focus of the guide is defects in common property such as hallways and courtyards, it also covers all levels of defects and their severity.

While the guide is most useful for current and potential strata apartment owners, renters could also find the guide beneficial for clarifying rights and responsibilities.
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Researchers from UNSW and UTS have developed the ‘Strata Defects Rectification Guide’ in partnership with Strata Community Association (NSW).

urban.com.au

 New apartment defect rectification guide released for NSW strata owners and managers

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Construction giant Icon claims it has spent $24 million since the evacuation of the Opal Tower skyscraper last December.
Fifteen owners are still locked out of their Sydney Olympic Park apartments as the cracking repairs continue.
One owner sold the worst affected apartment to Icon on the 10th floor.
Icon was the company that built the tower which was completed in August last year.
Icon told the ABC the Opal Tower event was insurable, however it did not reveal how much of the $24 million it was planning to claim.
The amount includes money spent on housing residents in temporary accommodation.
The ABC reported Icon's NSW business reported $163 million in revenue for 2018, down from the $335 million in 2017.
It reported a $1.63 million net profit in 2018, down from $6.8 million in 2017.
An Icon spokesperson said the company's approach to Opal Tower since the Christmas Eve evacuation "cannot be questioned".
"[This is] all without admission of liability," a company spokesperson told the ABC.
Domain recently reported Sydney Olympic Park apartment sales in the suburb have dropped 85 per cent in the six months to June compared to the same time last year.<iframe title="3rd party ad content" name="google_ads_iframe_/31694718/domain.com.au/news/nsw_3" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" width="1" height="1" data-google-container-id="7" data-load-complete="true" data-integralas-id-7d0c1289-2a86-1366-5f35-e19975ab98cf=""></iframe> 
Across Sydney, buyers interest in new apartments has slipped, with views per listing for new apartments down 9 per cent in the first half of 2019.
Agents noted the Opal Tower event had tarred the entire suburb.
“Sydney Olympic Park has been affected because [buyers] think the entire park is a problem, not a particular building,” one agent said.
 “They’re all looking for that one word … [asking] is Icon the builder?”
McGrath agent John McManus, who is selling an apartment in Sydney Olympic Park, said buyers were skeptical about all new builds. 
<div class="domain-related-articles"> </div>
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j.ballantyne1990-6AQqhLzZaK

Builder Icon spends $24 million after Opal Tower cracking

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A lucky absentee apartment owner in the Opal Tower at Sydney Olympic Park has been able to escape the building cracking turmoil with a profit.
His damaged 10th floor apartment — possibly the worst affected within the 392 apartment high-rise — has been sold for $950,000.
But it appears to be a one-off sale as it has been bought by the besieged builder of the tower, Icon Co (NSW) Pty Ltd, whose solicitor declined to comment on the reasons behind its purchase.
The bullish $950,000 sale price of apartment 1005 was $158,000 more than the $742,000 off the plan price paid in 2014.
It was located on the 10th floor which saw severe cracking which prompted the evacuation of the entire building last Christmas Eve.
There were images soon after showing the damage outside the 1005 door.
The now sold two bedroom, two bathroom 86 sqm apartment had been a $600 a week rental before the cracks.
The vendor was Quan Zhou whose sales legal paperwork was lodged by China-based, Chengdu-headquartered Tahota Law Firm which has a liaison office in Sydney.
The Telegraph was not able to contact their Sydney solicitor, Yijing Hua.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/8/1/Opal%20Tower.jpg" alt="">
Minter Ellison lawyer Susan Bellamy signed the acquisition paperwork for Icon but declined to comment when asked if further acquisitions are being sought or offered to other owners.
The building’s last sale was a few weeks before the evacuation last December.
By next week just 12 apartments will remain unable to be occupied.
Without confirmation from Icon, it is speculated the purchase was because the builder required ongoing access, and would eventually need to substantially reconfigure the apartment space.
Sydney property consultant Edwin Almeida said it would be mistake if the intention of the sale was to reset valuations.
“Valuers won’t put their names or professional indemnity insurance or certificates on the line,” he said.
Residents and agents contacted by The Daily Telegraph don’t hold out much hope that the profitable sale of 1005 will be replicated should others wish to sell.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/8/1/Opal%20Tower%20apartment%202.jpg" alt="">
“You’d think once other owners have heard of the sale, there’ll be a massive queue to sell to the builder,’ one observer said.
The Sydney Olympic Park development, which was completed in August last year, saw sales range from $505,000 up to $2.498 million for the 35 floor penthouse.
The building was very popular with investor buyers of Asian origin, many of whom bought off the plan in 2014 and 2015.
It was in 2014 when the developer Ecove entered into the Opal project agreement with the Sydney Olympic Park Authority (SOPA).
Last week owners of units lodged a class-action lawsuit in the NSW Supreme Court against SOPA which owned the land on which the complex was built.
The action was filed in the NSW Supreme Court on Friday led by owner Terry Williamson.
Lawyers for the owners have filed documents claiming the building was not designed and constructed with due care and skill, and was not reasonably fit for occupation.
Premier Gladys Berejiklian defended the right of owners to sue her government agency.
“I don’t blame anybody for taking legal action to defend their own rights,” Ms Berejiklian said.
Premier Gladys Berejiklian noted it was “an unfortunate set of circumstances.”
“We inherited the system we have today and we’re aiming to fix it by the end of the year through legislation.”
Ms Berejiklian said the government will be announcing a new building commissioner “imminently” to oversee the problem-plagued construction industry.
Icon has recently agreed to pay $1.7 million of the tower's $2 million insurance premium, saving owners from a potential second evacuation from the defective building.
This article was first published in the Daily Telegraph.
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Opal Tower builder Icon buys 10th floor apartment

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Owners of units in Sydney’s beleaguered Opal Tower have lodged a class-action lawsuit against the Sydney Olympic Park Authority, which owns the land on which the complex was built.
The action was filed in the NSW Supreme Court on Friday led by owner Terry Williamson.
Lawyers for the owners have filed documents against the NSW government and Sydney Olympic Park Authority, claiming the building was not designed and constructed with due care and skill, and was not reasonably fit for occupation. 
The newly-built block in Sydney Olympic Park was evacuated on Christmas Eve after cracks were discovered in the building that briefly sparked fears it could collapse.
Owner investors are looking to claim lost rental income they can't claim from builder Icon due to a waiver that would forfeit their right to sue.
Dcuments lodged to the NSW Supreme Court by Corrs Chambers Westgarth seek access to designs and contracts relating to the design of Opal Tower.
Gladys Berejiklian has defended the right of owners to sue her government.
“I don’t blame anybody for taking legal action to defend their own rights,” Ms Berejiklian said.
Premier Gladys Berejiklian noted it was "an unfortunate set of circumstances."
"We inherited the system we have today and we’re aiming to fix it by the end of the year through legislation.”
Ms Berejiklian said the government will be announcing a new building commissioner “imminently” to oversee the problem-plagued construction industry.
“(The commissioner) will ensure moving forward that everybody in the industry not only is aware of their responsibilities, but delivers on those responsibilities to the nth degree,” she said.
In an update to residents in mid-July, the tower’s builder, Icon, said site works have been “progressing well” and structural works should be completed by the end of the month.
Residents of a further 40 apartments in Opal Tower are set to be allowed to return to their units on Friday after inspections are carried out.
The NSW government's reform plans for the state's building and construction industry are not enough to fix it, industry group, The Owners Corporation Network (OCN) submission to the government says.
"Good buildings are now going to be under suspicion until people satisfy themselves they are not defective. This is a GFC-style situation, where credit ratings and the risk for financial products came into question. In that case loss of confidence in the financial system became a contagion," the report states.
"The NSW government needs to step into the breach just as it did when HIH and FAI Insurance collapsed in March 2001."
 
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Opal Tower owners sue the NSW government

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EXPERT OBSERVER
Property buyers are now well aware of the building defects disasters seen in Opal Tower and Mascot Towers. But the reality is that any building could hide big issues from potential buyers, meaning that people could land in a nightmare scenario, even if they had carried out all possible checks.
While Owners Corporations are obliged by law to keep records, the law doesn’t say that they have to be complete, accurate or true.
Right now, Owners corporations are outsourcing their record keeping to strata mangers, and in many cases the record keeping is poor. There are no consistent standards, and records often disappear when they are transferred from one strata manager to another. The industry should be doing something about it, and laws need to be tougher. 
In recent inspections of strata records, EYEON Property Inspections has seen the following examples of altered and incomplete records:
<ul type="disc">
<li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst">Strata committee altering general meeting minutes to change decisions made by a majority of owners</li>
<li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">No information provided in records of the status of building rectification works</li>
<li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">Recent records of building defects “lost” on transfer from previous strata manager.</li>
</ul>
In the property podcast, The Elephant in The Room, a Sydney Strata Manager said she comes across Strata Committees who don’t want certain information to be included in the minutes because it would negatively affect property values.
She said that if she isn’t comfortable with the minutes or disagrees with the included information, she won’t include her logo on it. She knows the minutes are wrong but is powerless to ensure the correct information goes in the records. She can’t stop the owners creating false records.
Strata records need to be better. Strata managers should have consistent record keeping systems and the transfer of records should be audited. Owners corporations should always have their own copy of all records. There should be severe penalties for non-disclosure of information.
Otherwise, how can property buyers trust the information they are provided?
The bottom line is that if there are gaps in records or the detail about current issues is sparse, buyers need to be cautious. These issues should be red flags and buyers should consider making lower offers or walking away from a property if the strata records are poor.  In some cases, current owners might be trying to get out of the building before major issues become public knowledge.
Michael Ferrier is the managing director at EYEON Property Inspections.
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jrobinson-rf4aSBido9

Think strata construction is bad? Strata records are worse

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Building standards in NSW will be investigated by a parliamentary inquiry. It will be conducted by the NSW upper house public accountability committee.
After the Mascot and Opal Towers disasters, the Greens MP David Shoebridge, Labor MP John Graham and Shooters, Fishers and Farmers leader Robert Borsak succeeded in securing an upper house inquiry into the issue.
The state government has been accused of being flat-footed since the first cracks emerged last December at Opal Tower in Sydney’s Olympic Park. 
<a href="https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/committees/inquiries/Pages/inquiry-details.aspx?pk=2540#tab-members" target="_blank">The inquiry, established on 4 July 2019</a>, will inquire into and report on the regulation of building standards, building quality and building disputes.
“We want to see the public’s submissions on this because some politicians think it’s just Mascot and Opal Towers, but there are hundreds of thousands of these across the state,” Shoebridge said. 
“This is a chance for people to speak directly to politicians and set out the scale of the problem.
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"Due to widespread public concern this issue needs to be addressed urgently," said Mr Shoebridge.
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The committee will look at the role of private certification in protecting building standards, the adequacy of consumer protections for owners of new buildings, limitations on insurance and compensation schemes. 
It will also look at instances of flammable cladding use on NSW buildings.
The inquiry will hold hearings in August with submissions from the public to be made by July 28.
In February, the NSW government promised to appoint a Building Commissioner to protect homeowners after agreeing there were "significant and concerning" industry problems following the Opal matter.
The Mascot Tower cracks, which had been evident in the 2008-built block since 2011, hit the headlines last month.
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That the Public Accountability Committee inquire into and report on the regulation of building standards, building quality and building disputes by government agencies in New South Wales, including:
<ol>
<li>
(a)  the role of private certification in protecting building standards, including:
<ol>
<li>
(i)  conflicts of interest
</li>
<li>
(ii)  effectiveness of inspections
</li>
<li>
(iii)  accountability of private certifiers
</li>
<li>
(iv)  alternatives to private certifiers,
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
(b)  the adequacy of consumer protections for owners and purchasers of new apartments/dwellings, and limitations on building insurance and compensation schemes, including:
<ol>
<li>
(i)  the extent of insurance coverage and limitations of existing statutory protections
</li>
<li>
(ii)  the effectiveness and integrity of insurance provisions under the Home Building Act 1989
</li>
<li>
(iii)  liability for defects in apartment buildings,
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
(c)  the role of strata committees in responding to building defects discovered in common property, including the protections offered for all strata owners in disputes that impact on only a minority of strata owners,
</li>
<li>
(d)  case studies related to flammable cladding on NSW buildings and the defects discovered in Mascot Towers and the Opal Tower,
</li>
<li>
(e)  the current status and degree of implementation of recommendations of reports into the building industry including the Lambert report 2016, the Sherwood/Weir report 2018 and the Opal Tower investigation final report 2019, and
</li>
<li>
(f)  any other related matter.
</li>
</ol>
That the committee table an interim report as soon as practical and its final report by 14 February 2020.
</div>
</div>
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jchancellor-FAypfDUnLy

NSW parliament launches inquiry into apartment building standards

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One apartment of the 390 in the notorious Opal Tower has been bravely offered for sale.
But there's been no offers since it was listed 10 days ago.
Sy Realty Sydney agent Joe Wang told The Telegraph "our clients asked us to test the market".
<div>Wang, who has been selling at Sydney Olympic Park for three years said their timing was "challenging."</div>
<div> </div>
<div>He declined to suggest a likely selling price, although he hoped the final report of the State Government on the building's cracking, may trigger a more positive sentiment. </div>
<div>
The 81 sqm unit (below and bottom) with an enclosed balcony and study cost $757,000 in 2014.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/2/25/Opal1.jpg" alt="">
The listing was taken down from listing websites after just a few days as the agency decided it was better to take prospective buyers from their database through the two bedroom, level 15 offering.
</div>
<div>
There were nine apartments for sale before the cracks started to appear and residents were evacuated on Christmas Eve. 
</div>
<div>"We expect more apartments will come up for lease than for sale," he said.</div>
<div>
Sy Realty agents Du Yang and Nick Ling are seeking a $500 a week tenant for a one bedroom apartment on level 22 of the cracked building.
Agents have indicated their expectation that owners will take a big hit on sale prices.
The last settled apartment in the block, a month before the cracking, was when a one bedroom apartment fetched $640,000.
It was just up on its $637,000, 2014 off the plan price.
The Opal Tower developer, developed by Ecove, was designed to be the tallest in the Sydney Olympic Park precinct, boasting 360 degree views across Sydney.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/2/25/Opal2.jpg" alt="">
The development was completed in last August, with off the plan sales ranging from $505,000 up to $2.498 million, which ranks as the record price for the precinct.
Even before the cracking, Sydney Olympic Park Authority noted in its recent annual report that demand for new apartments in the precinct had "dropped significantly."
"Whilst previously strong demand for new stock saw excellent take-up of apartments in new residential projects, market reporting and pricing corrections across the residential property market saw this demand drop significantly."
"As a result enquiries have slowed significantly compared to previous years, and may well continue to do so over the next few years."
Opal Tower at 1 Brushbox Street was built in the shape of an equilateral triangle with curved corners.
The 117 metre high trophy building was very popular with buyers of Chinese origin, many of whom bought off the plan in 2014 and 2015.
This article was first published in the Daily Telegraph.
 
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One apartment in the notorious Opal Tower bravely for sale

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The NSW Government today released the final report from the independent investigation into Opal Tower. 
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It has recommendations about ensuring qualified people design buildings and that buildings are built to those designs.
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The biggest recommendation in today’s report is about registering engineers.
“We will be working through the detail of today’s report with our new Building Commissioner to make sure that when homeowners are handed over the keys to a new building, it is safe, structurally sound and free from major defects," Minister for Planning and Housing Anthony Roberts said.
The report came after Professors Mark Hoffman, John Carter and Stephen Foster were asked to consider the cause of the structural damage to the Opal Tower on Christmas Eve.
The report advised security camera footage showed the cracking in the bottom corners of the bottom panel (Panel A) on Level 10 with the time stamp on this video recording indicated that the cracking of the panel commenced at approximately 2.16 pm on Monday 24 December 2018 and continued for approximately 8 seconds.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/2/22/Crack2.jpg" alt="">
“Our final report confirms that a number of structural design and construction issues, including non-compliance with national codes and standards were responsible for the observed damage at Opal Tower.
“We found some of the as-constructed hob beams and panel assemblies were under designed according to the National Construction Code and Australian Standards, leaving the beams prone to failure.
"We also found construction and material deficiencies likely contributed to the damage to the hob beams on levels 4 and 10.
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/2/22/Hobb-Crack.jpg" alt="">
“We consider that the building is overall structurally sound and the localised damage to the building can be rectified to ensure the building is compliant with the National Construction Code.
"We agree in principle with the rectification works planned to date, noting that these have advanced considerably since our interim report was released.
"However, we repeat our call for qualified structural engineers to check the final design and construction proposals in detail before major rectification works begin and before the building is deemed completely safe for occupancy, while noting the reoccupation of the building extends beyond the scope of our investigation and is a matter for residents and the builder."
<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/2/22/Level10.jpg" alt="">
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It confirmed most, if not all, major columns in the building had been designed so that their maximum axial load carrying capacity far exceeded the design loading imposed on them, indicating a very high factor of safety to these critical elements. 
However, a preliminary analysis of the splitting forces near the interface with the two hob beams reviewed (Level 4 – grid line A and Level C -grid line C) indicates that this aspect of the design should be confirmed by a qualified engineer for all such features.
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<img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dz9xllyip/image/fetch/c_scale,w_580,q_auto:good/https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/po.images/2019/2/22/Opal2.jpg" alt=""> 
It found no evidence contradicting their interim assertion that the building is overall structurally sound, although there is significant damage to some elements. 
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It advised it was notable that the observed damage was constrained to the inside facing of the hob beam; the outside of the hob beam at the critical section was supported by a lateral garden bed wall (Figure 16) built integrally with the slab and against the hob beam.
This wall likely provided support to the outer side of the hob beam forcing the damage inward where such support was lacking.
The damage remained “hidden” until exposed on 27 December 2018 after removal of an internal wall in the adjacent apartment. 
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The site observations of the damaged beam are consistent with a bursting failure.
"There are contradicting views and documentation as to the design strength of the hob beam concrete on Level 4. 
"Notwithstanding, 65 MPa concrete was understood to have been poured during construction as it was specified for the puddle pours in the slab around the columns and it was considered expedient to use the same batch of concrete when pouring the hob.
"During our investigations, and subsequent to the issue of our interim report, records of strength for the concrete used to construct the hob beam were provided to us. 
"These reveal 28 day strengths of these concrete samples as 50 MPa, where 65 MPa concrete was ordered for supply, indicating that the concrete in the hob may also have been of a lower strength. 
"Our independent analysis of concrete core testing samples, extracted and tested in January 2019 by Mahaffey Associates, did not contradict this observation.
"Clearly, this mis-match in design strengths points to a possible and unfortunate ambiguity in the interpretation of the design documentation."
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The report noted that extreme environmental events, while rare, could precipitate further damage and consequently it would be prudent not to delay rectification works.
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It formally noted: 
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The as-constructed hob beam / panel assembly was under-designed, according to the National Construction Code (NCC) and the Australian Standard for Concrete Structures (AS36001), at a number of locations in the building. This left the hob beams susceptible to failure by shear compression and bursting.
</li>
<li>
The decision, taken after the initial design, to grout only partially the joints between the hob beams and panels, significantly raised the levels of stress in the hob beams on levels 4, 10, 16 and 26.
</li>
<li>
Construction and material deficiencies likely precipitated the observed major damage to hob beams on Level 10-C (electrical conduit and reinforcing steel in the cover region, and a panel repair) and Level 4-A (lower strength concrete than used in hobs elsewhere and partial grout coverage).
</li>
<li>
The observed damage in the concrete panel at Level 10 and in the Level 10 floor slab was likely a consequence of the adjacent hob beam failures and not the original cause of the damage observed at Level 10.
</li>
</ol>
It formally advised making the Opal Tower safe for occupancy
<ol start="5">
<li>
Appropriate rectification works can address deficiencies in the original, as- constructed, structural design and ensure the building is compliant with the NCC.
</li>
<li>
Significant rectification works are necessary to ensure that the building and all its structural components satisfy the NCC and specifically the current AS3600- 2018
</li>
<li>
The damaged hob beams should be rectified to provide the required load carrying capacity.
</li>
</ol>
</div>
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<li>
Other hob beam / panel elements of similar as-constructed, structural design may not comply with the NCC and AS3600-2009 and, if so, will require rectification works. We also recommend checking of the forces in other structural elements adjacent to the hob beams, such as the columns.
</li>
<li>
We agree in principle with the rectification works planned to date, noting that these have advanced considerably since our interim report was released but have yet to be agreed by all parties and independently certified.
</li>
</ol>
     10. We recommended that a detailed analysis be undertaken of the potential redistribution of loads from the damaged elements to ensure that other newly loaded building elements, before and after rectification works, have suitable capacity and to avoid future damage. A preliminary analysis has been carried out and indicated structural loads satisfied the NCC in the non-damaged parts of the building structure. Nevertheless, this finding should be robustly and independently verified.
     11.We recommend that all designs and construction associated with the rectification works be checked and certified as safe for building occupancy by qualified independent structural engineers.
     12. The viability of residents re-entering the building extends beyond the structural issues considered here and hence beyond the scope of this investigation. Nevertheless, we would recommend that items 9-11 listed above be completed prior to re-occupation.
</div>
</div>
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A full copy of the final report is available at: <a href="https://protect-au.mimecast.com/s/qP8qCzvkvEsGQKRWf4z48_?domain=planning.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://protect-au.mimecast.com/s/qP8qCzvkvEsGQKRWf4z48_?domain%3Dplanning.nsw.gov.au&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1550870647570000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHpF5H2J5EYpQ-qQwaxqaNGSMtc2Q">https://www.planning.nsw.gov.au/finalopalreport</a>
 
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NSW's apartment construction reform set to follow the devastating eight seconds of Opal Tower low strength concrete cracking

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GUEST OBSERVATION
For many of us, the reality of Australian homes now sits many storeys up in the sky. <a href="https://theconversation.com/higher-density-and-diversity-apartments-are-australia-at-its-most-multicultural-97176" target="_blank">High-rise apartment buildings have sprouted across the nation’s cities</a>. In recent weeks – <a href="https://theconversation.com/there-are-lessons-to-be-drawn-from-the-cracks-that-appeared-in-sydneys-opal-tower-but-they-extend-beyond-building-certification-109428" target="_blank">on Christmas Eve at the Opal Tower building in Sydney</a> and <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/feb/04/apartment-fire-in-melbournes-spencer-street-prompts-new-fears-over-cladding" target="_blank">on February 4 at the Neo200 Building in Melbourne</a> – that reality has turned into the nightmare for hundreds of residents of being turned out of their homes with little more than the clothes they were wearing.
The Opal Tower evacuation was <a href="https://www.planning.nsw.gov.au/-/media/Files/DPE/Reports/Opal-Tower-Investigation-Draft-Interim-Report-2019-01-15.pdf" target="_blank">due to structural cracking</a>. At Neo200, a fire raced up the building, <a href="https://www.afr.com/real-estate/combustible-cladding-main-contributor-to-melbournes-spencer-st-tower-fire-20190204-h1atix" target="_blank">fuelled by flammable cladding</a> on part of its facade.
The rapid spread of the fire, and <a href="https://www.theage.com.au/national/cbd-tower-residents-forced-out-of-apartments-after-blaze-20190204-p50vlt" target="_blank">its apparent origin in a smouldering cigarette on the balcony</a>, was eerily reminiscent of the <a href="https://www.theage.com.au/politics/victoria/docklands-owners-sue-for-24m-over-fire-as-date-to-fix-cladding-looms-20180909-p502pc" target="_blank">Lacrosse building fire</a> in Melbourne in 2014. It also brings to mind the Grenfell Tower inferno in London (probably <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-40301289" target="_blank">originating in a small electrical fire</a>). This catastrophe took the lives of 72 people and devastated the lives of many more.
Media reports of the Neo200 fire included two concerning aspects:
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/extra-fire-alarms-put-in-a-fortnight-before-blaze-ripped-through-tower-20190204-p50vjt" target="_blank">tenants had been unaware</a> the building was partially covered in combustible cladding
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.mfb.vic.gov.au/Media/docs/Post_Incident_Analysis_for_Lacrosse_Docklands_-_25_11_2014%20-%20FINAL-dd61c4b2-61f6-42ed-9411-803cc23e6acc-0.PDF" target="_blank">as the Metropolitan Fire Brigade found at Lacrosse</a>, <a href="https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/same-as-grenfell-tower-cladding-fears-as-fire-rips-through-melbourne-cbd-apartment-building-20190204-p50vgl" target="_blank">smoke detectors had been covered</a>, rendering them inoperable.
</li>
</ul>
Such behaviours and lack of knowledge compromise critical safety-related equipment. This represents both a challenge to, and reinforcement of, the critical role of residents in ensuring high-rise buildings are safe.
In the <a href="/news">final report</a> of the post-Grenfell “Building a Safer Future” review for the UK government, Dame Judith Hackitt observed:
"Residents need to be safe, and feel safe, in their homes … they also have a responsibility towards their fellow residents to ensure that their actions do not compromise the safety of the building."
Six elements of residential building safety
The Hackitt Review joins a raft of reports that have influenced ongoing reform of residential construction regulations. In Victoria, notable recent contributions include the Auditor-General’s <a href="https://www.audit.vic.gov.au/report/victorias-consumer-protection-framework-building-construction" target="_blank">2015 report</a> on the consumer protection framework, and <a href="https://www.industry.gov.au/sites/default/files/July%202018/document/pdf/building_ministers_forum_expert_assessment_-_building_confidence.pdf" target="_blank">Shergold and Weir’s 2018 report</a> for the Building Ministers’ Forum.
There is significant agreement between these reviews. Their vision for an effective regulatory scheme can be distilled into six elements, which need to interact holistically:
<ol>
<li>
Information: all parties who have an influence on occupant safety need sufficient information about the risks in the building to make decisions consistent with protecting occupant safety.
</li>
<li>
Responsibility: while the “buck stops” with an adequately resourced regulator, all parties in the residential construction supply chain need to discharge clearly expressed, risk-based and complementary responsibilities.
</li>
<li>
Standards: people with appropriate expertise (for example, about how building materials interact) should set standards to be enforced throughout the supply chain.
</li>
<li>
Competence: where work requires particular skills and experience, only people who have these should do it.
</li>
<li>
Quality assurance: inspection regimes need to provide a robust “last line of defence” to catch defects before they threaten occupants’ safety.
</li>
<li>
Rectification: recognising that litigation is slow and expensive, dispute avoidance processes and insurance should expedite rectification.
</li>
</ol>
The Victorian regulatory regime for residential construction mainly comprises the <a href="http://www.legislation.vic.gov.au/domino/Web_Notes/LDMS/LTObject_Store/ltobjst10.nsf/DDE300B846EED9C7CA257616000A3571/FF534BFE5E1FF524CA2583150019BDAF/%24FILE/93-126a117.docx" target="_blank">Building Act 1993</a>, its recently updated <a href="http://www.legislation.vic.gov.au/Domino/Web_Notes/LDMS/PubLawToday.nsf/b12e276826f7c27fca256de50022686b/d6ce1ed4cf4cae14ca25833000014a82!OpenDocument" target="_blank">regulations</a>, the <a href="https://ncc.abcb.gov.au/ncc-online/NCC" target="_blank">National Construction Code</a> which underpins those regulations, and the <a href="http://www.legislation.vic.gov.au/Domino/Web_Notes/LDMS/LTObject_Store/LTObjSt10.nsf/DDE300B846EED9C7CA257616000A3571/513B8F096A77B1A7CA2583300080DA1F/%24FILE/95-91a084.docx" target="_blank">Domestic Building Contracts Act 1995</a>. Justifiably, much of the recent reform focus has been on the role of the regulator under element 2 – the Victorian Ombudsman’s <a href="https://www.ombudsman.vic.gov.au/Publications/Parliamentary-Reports/Own-motion-investigation-into-the-governance-and-a" target="_blank">2012 report</a> led to the Victorian Building Authority replacing the Victorian Building Commission – and elements 3-6. Contributors to The Conversation have, for example, noted:
<ul>
<li>
the difficulties of <a href="https://theconversation.com/cladding-fires-expose-gaps-in-building-material-safety-checks-heres-a-solution-111073" target="_blank">tracking compliant products throughout globalised supply chains</a> (element 3), and how technology can help overcome these challenges
</li>
<li>
the importance of enforcing competence (element 4) in a <a href="https://theconversation.com/beyond-opal-a-10-point-plan-to-fix-the-residential-building-industry-110975" target="_blank">ten-point plan to fix the residential building industry</a>
</li>
<li>
scapegoating <a href="https://theconversation.com/there-are-lessons-to-be-drawn-from-the-cracks-that-appeared-in-sydneys-opal-tower-but-they-extend-beyond-building-certification-109428" target="_blank">private building inspectors</a> (element 5), as happened after the Opal evacuation, attacks a symptom of the disease, rather than the inherent tension between cost and quality in residential construction.
</li>
</ul>
The regulatory response on each of these four elements remains a matter for ongoing debate. This is justified given that the performance-based nature of most standards-setting results in increased competence requirements.
What about the role of residents?
The Neo200 experience highlights, however, that the role of residents can be underestimated. In particular, where regulatory elements 1 and 2 refer to “parties”, this very much includes dwelling occupants and others who enter these buildings. It also includes the designers, builders and other construction professionals who are the primary concern of elements 3-6.
Given the diverse ways in which people visit, live or work in high-rise buildings, it will always be a challenge to devise ways to make sure occupants:
<ul>
<li>
have enough information to understand the risks of being in such buildings (whether or not there is combustible cladding)
</li>
<li>
act in ways that reflect their responsibility to keep themselves and their fellow residents safe.
</li>
</ul>
As recent moves in Victoria to <a href="https://www.vba.vic.gov.au/consumers/swimming-pools/information-for-consumers-who-have-an-existing-pool-or-spa" target="_blank">register and inspect backyard pools and spas</a> arguably demonstrate, there seems to be robust community support for intruding into people’s homes where the safety risk is seen as high. Is it time, therefore, to mandate airline-style safety briefings in apartments, regular inspections of apartments to make sure smoke detectors are working, and other similar interventions? Certainly, a recognition of occupants as active stakeholders would suggest such measures are appropriate in pursuit of a deeply held community goal of dwelling safety.
As a society, though, are we ready for such state-based assaults on our homes – upon what the Kerrigans regarded as their “<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0118826/" target="_blank">castle</a>”? Time will tell. In the meantime, the residents of the Neo200 building – like those at the Opal building before them – are left searching for alternative accommodation, and for answers.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/111255/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;">
Matthew Bell, Senior Lecturer and Co-Director of Studies for Construction Law, University of Melbourne.
This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/dont-overlook-residents-role-in-apartment-building-safety-111255" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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Don't overlook residents' role in apartment building safety: Matthew Bell

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GUEST OBSERVATION
The <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-01-15/opal-tower-needs-significant-rectifiaction-work-report-finds/10713054" target="_blank">failure of the Opal Tower building</a> in Sydney has highlighted the poor quality of speculatively built multi-unit housing in Australia.
The tower’s 392 apartments were evacuated on Christmas Eve when residents heard loud cracks and defects were found.
So far, the only reaction from government has been a knee-jerk <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-12-30/opal-tower-damage-sparks-nsw-government-crackdown/10673968" target="_blank">promise to crack down on shonky building certifiers</a> (that’s you Matt Kean, minister for innovation and better regulation in New South Wales).
Unfortunately, there is no evidence this will make any difference.
Planning policies embraced by the NSW and Victorian governments mean a greater percentage of new housing is being constructed in tall multi-unit developments than ever before, particularly in Sydney and Melbourne.
Between <a href="https://cityfutures.be.unsw.edu.au/research/projects/governing-the-compact-city-the-role-and-effectiveness-of-strata-management-in-higher-density-residential-developments/" target="_blank">50% and 80% of multi-unit buildings</a> have defects serious enough to be the subject of strata committee involvement.
Possibly close to 100% have significant defects at completion.
Most of the problems are waterproofing issues (which may not be evident for years), malfunctioning services or a lack of proper compliance with fire codes and standards.
We can only fix this problem by changing the culture of the residential building industry.
Ten steps governments can take
We don’t need another royal commission. Governments could implement all of the suggestions below using their existing powers.
1) Increase density by permitting more subdivisions on existing housing blocks rather than building tall buildings.
Two <a href="https://www.reisa.com.au/publicinfo/general-tips-and-traps/torrens-title-explained" target="_blank">Torrens title</a> townhouses can be built on a normal single-house quarter-acre block. Low-scale buildings will still suffer from defects, but are less problematic to build, inspect and repair than tall buildings and use simpler technology.
2) In the short term, provide occupation certificates to new residential buildings taller than three storeys only if they comply with an enhanced protocol of regulations and oversight.
State government would implement this, with a focus on waterproofing and fire performance.
A suitable code, standards and protocols could be developed in a few weeks. The necessary people to provide independent oversight could be drawn from qualified architects, builders and engineers who are able to pass a probing exam. They would be independent of the design and construction team. The government would fix their fees.
3) Develop a program to enhance the standards for residential building standards in the <a href="https://www.business.gov.au/planning/templates-and-tools/industry-factsheets/national-construction-code" target="_blank">National Construction Code</a> (NCC).
The current NCC codes for Class 2 buildings (home units) favour innovation and cost reduction over consumer protection. This is the wrong way around for housing. Section F, which covers health and amenity (including waterproofing), is weak and must be strengthened.
4) A voluntary quality scheme to star-rate all apartments, similar to <a href="https://www.ancap.com.au/about-ancap" target="_blank">ANCAP</a> (Australasia New Car Assessment Program), might work with industry support.
The minimum standard permissible would comply with the enhanced standards. The NSW Building and Construction Council promoted a scheme in the 1990s but failed due to lack of government support. It was a good idea then, and it is still a good idea now.
5) If the industry won’t support a voluntary scheme, government should introduce a coercive qualified practitioner (QP) scheme.
This would be a permanent version of the short-term scheme. If a building goes bad, the QP could lose the right to practise as a QP as well as being liable to the owners.
6) Revitalise trade training and certification to ensure all trade workers are properly trained and certified.
Many trades on building sites have no training and are not licensed. The requirement to read directions and document work against procedures means everyone on site must be functionally literate. The goal should be to have 30% of people working on site at Certificate 4 level by 2025. 100% of building workers should be literate by 2025. This should be a national requirement, checked by inspectors.
7) All leading hands for any trade should be educated up to Certificate 4 level.
This should be independently verified to cut out shonky training providers. Leading hands in all trades should be licensed and responsible for the work they do.
8) Enhance licensing of builders and subcontractors to ensure people in charge on site are educated beyond Certificate 4.
All people occupying construction roles with management responsibility should have valid qualifications in architecture, structural engineering or building.
9) Consider additional laws on contract provisions to reduce the economic power disparity between developers, head contractors and subcontractors.
Unfair commercial pressures are at the heart of much bad building. We should do more to cushion the smaller players from the larger ones.
10) And, while we are at it, we should ensure a value-capture process accompanies the development of tall residential buildings so the cost of upgrading social infrastructure is recovered.
High-density, high-rise buildings massively increase loads on socially owned infrastructure, such as schools, libraries, hospitals, parks and sporting facilities. The developers of tall buildings should be made to contribute adequately to the economic cost of enhancing these provisions, which can involve solutions that are unusually expensive, such as high-rise schools.
 
<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/geoff-hanmer-90647" target="_blank">Geoff Hanmer</a>, Adjunct Lecturer in Architecture, Univeristy of NSW, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/unsw-1414" target="_blank">UNSW</a>
This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/beyond-opal-a-10-point-plan-to-fix-the-residential-building-industry-110975" target="_blank">original article</a>.
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