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The Reserve Bank of Australia’s head of financial stability Luci Ellis offered her thoughts on Australia’s housing markets in a speech last month entitled Space and Stability: Some Reflections on the Housing-Finance System. 
In the speech, Ellis noted increasing coverage of housing markets in conversations about financial stability around the world. She urged her audience to remember residential are physical structures, located on fixed pieces of land, and emphasised the importance of urban structures to financial stability.
Here are five main points to take away from her speech:
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Jobs are becoming more centralised “Jobs are concentrated in the central business districts and the areas immediately surrounding them,” noted Ellis. “The power of the central place is even more striking if we directly contrast where the jobs are with where the employed people live,” she said, with reference to the graph below, which shows the ratio of jobs in an area to employed people living there. <img src="/images/2014/06/02/sp-so-150514-graph7-small.gif" alt=""> “Places with ratios well above 1 are employment centres, attracting commuters from elsewhere in the city, or even from outside its limits. Places with ratios well below 1 are the commuter districts, the dormitory suburbs,” she explained. “As you can see, there are factory districts away from the CBD, especially in Melbourne, and office parks on the way out to Macquarie University in Sydney. But in all of these cities, the CBD is still the job magnet.” 
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Residences are densest around the CBD “The pattern of residence is similar, though not quite as pronounced,” said Ellis. “Population density is higher near the centres and declines rapidly.” “Some of the outermost districts still contain agricultural land and a good fraction of national parks, so it isn't surprising that population densities are low in these places. I find it interesting that even some middle-ring districts are not that much denser,” she said. She noted a trade-off between space and travel time, with  
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…And that isn’t changing. “Part of the reason for the higher population density closer to the centre is historical. The inner parts of cities are older, built when we had to live more compactly. As incomes rose, people wanted bigger, nicer homes. As cars became more common, the cost of locating further out declined, and it became feasible to have those bigger homes,” said Ellis. “So newer homes further out tended to be bigger and sit on bigger blocks of land. Some of the older homes get renovated to be consistent with our higher modern incomes and aspirations. “But we don't see much expansion of block sizes in the inner areas. The land parcels stay small. Sure, it would be a legal hassle to consolidate land titles like that, but people generally don't even try. That is because they are trading off space against price and distance.” 
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The pattern is making non-capital city growth difficult Although some might expect that remote working would rise with the use of the internet, Ellis explained that “jobs are showing even greater tendency to congregate in existing centres.” And this is halting the expansion of regional areas." “I also can't help noticing how difficult it seems to grow the smaller cities in this country relative to the bigger cities. With the possible exceptions of Newcastle, Geelong and maybe Bendigo and Ballarat, few centres outside the state capitals have many corporate headquarters or other job magnets. These self-sustaining job magnets seem to be necessary to create the variety of job opportunities that would attract large numbers of former city dwellers. “Over recent years at least, these smaller centres had rates of employment growth and changes in employment-to-population ratios that were similar to or a little below those in the big cities, and a bit below those of inner-city areas,” noted Ellis. “At this rate, it will be hard for the smaller centres to start catching up with the bigger cities, relatively speaking. That means that if big-city housing prices should rise too high for some residents, smaller cities cannot provide alternative locations that are any more viable than they are today." 
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The dream of a backyard and picket fence may not be for everyone…but neither is the highrise. In her speech, Ellis said Australian cities should diversify the range of dwellings available, to ease financial and social pressures on Australians. “As a mode of living, low-density suburbia has its advantages,” said Ellis. But it does mean that distances are greater and almost every trip requires a car. The only alternative offered at the time of our first mass suburbanisation seemed to be the ‘tower in the park’, Le Corbusier's utopian dream of apartment living. But the reality turned out to be a nightmare of social isolation for the public housing tenants in those developments." She didn't advocate an end to low density detached housing, but instead said that a greater range of choices would help ensure financial stability for buyers. “I'm hopeful that the future brings Australians a wider range of places they would be happy to move to; different housing types for different family sizes and life stages; and a greater confidence that centres outside state capitals can offer the strong job markets and scope for entrepreneurship people need, and housing at a price they can better afford.  “That way, people can see an upswing in housing prices in the larger centres and say, ‘I don't have to buy into that. I don't have to stretch my finances’,” said Ellis.  “Australian household finances are not looking that stretched at the moment, and we'd like to see it stay that way.” 
</li>
</ol>
In the same speech, she urged first home buyers <a href="/expert-insights/finance/disheartened-fhbs-warned-not-to-overstretch-home-loan-borrowings-rbas-luci-ellis">not to over commit themselves with large home loans</a>. The Reserve Bank of Australia will make its June cash rate announcement tomorrow. 
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jrichardson-uRX5hFdKfN

Five thoughts on the property market from the RBA

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The newly renovated home of Townsville couple Maddi and Lloyd will be revealed tonight on Channel 7’s House Rules.
The former swimwear model and aviation firefighter <a href="/expert-insights/building/swimwear-model-maddis-shoe-room-overhaul-as-house-rules-hits-tropical-pallarenda-townsville">purchased their tilted Queenslander for $372,000 in 2013</a>. Contestants have been fighting the heat and humidity this week to give the couple a home according to their request: “Give us a laid back coastal paradise, add a splash of the Bahamas, furnish our kitchen with a dream island, layer in texture instead of colour, keep it organic.”
For those watching at home who are itching for a raised reno project of their own, Property Observer has found five Queenslanders on the market that could do with a touch up.
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<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-qld-oonoonba-116899003" target="_blank">61 Mcalister Street, Oonoonba <img src="/images/2014/06/02/1.jpg" alt=""></a> Not so much ‘raised’ as ‘wobbling’, this two bedroom house in suburban Townsville has selling agent Paul Bow of Virgo Patterson advising that buyers “renovate or develop”. The lowset Queenslander is set on a 1,265 square metre block and features a falling apart oven and what looks to be lino flooring in the kitchen. It’s on the market for $250,000 plus.<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-qld-oonoonba-116899003" target="_blank"> </a><a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-qld-oonoonba-116899003" target="_blank"> </a>
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<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-qld-giru-116830959" target="_blank">510 Hodel Road, Giru</a> <img src="/images/2014/06/02/3.jpg" alt=""> Going for $268,000, a four to five bedroom house set on 15.56 acres of hobby farmland could do with a fix up. According to its listing, the owners are undertaking some renovations now, but “if not completed, you can complete this at your own leisure”. The house is a short drive away from Morrissey’s Creek, for any renovators keen to do some fishing. 
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<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-qld-babinda-116950399" target="_blank">36 Angus Street, Babinda <img src="/images/2014/06/02/4.jpg" alt=""></a> “Cheapest House In Queensland? Be Quick For This Crazy Bargain!!” reads the listing for this 1930’s era Queenslander. The home is on the market for $155,000 through Debbie Aldred of Re/Max Real Estate Cairns. About 45 minutes south of Cairns, the roof has been recently fixed up but a few other parts of the house could use a do-over, including the bluestone tiles in the bathroom. 
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<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-qld-babinda-114886927" target="_blank">54 Eastwood Street, Babinda</a> <img src="/images/2014/06/02/6.jpg" alt=""> If this two bedroom raised home doesn’t fetch its $160,000 asking price, it may be contending with its fellow Babinda home on Angus Street for Queensland’s cheapest house. While it features a newly renovated kitchen and newly laid vinyl flooring in the living room and carpet in the bedrooms, the house could no doubt provide lots of opportunities for an enthusiastic renovator. It currently brings in $170 per week in rent. 
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<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-lifestyle-qld-hay+point-7486451" target="_blank">45 Windsor Drive Hay Point </a><img src="/images/2014/06/02/7.jpg" alt="">
This house on stilts is about five hours’ drive south of Maddi and Lloyd’s place, but they have more than a few similarities. Jody Paul of Real Estate &amp; Property Solutions Mackay writes that “you will need a tool kit for this home, and the reward will be worth the work.” 
The property’s “slightly undulating” plot is another thing this home has in common with Maddi and Lloyd’s Townsville house on stilts. Located in Mackay, this home has three bedrooms and one bathroom, and is selling with $280,000 expectations.
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</ol>
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Raise your renovation game: Stilted Queensland offerings for Maddi and Lloyd fans

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Buyers looking for a taste of inner city living with a heritage twist will get their opportunity on Saturday 30 May as the Yorkshire Brewery development launches.
The development by SMA at the old Yorkshire Brewery site in Collingwood releases the first of its 358 apartments and townhouses to the public this weekend following a media launch on Thursday night.
SMA’s Martin Strode and Tom Jordan of architectural firm Hayball unveiled the plans for the 4,500 square metre site. The heritage plot on Wellington Street will be redeveloped into three residential towers, including the brew tower itself, which at the time of its construction in 1880 was Australia’s tallest building.
The development will also include Yorkshire Square, a 480 square metre piazza that Strode says is planned to house a weekend market. There are also plans for the Brew Towers Café (the site of last night’s event), a delicatessen and a gym and yoga centre. A local gallery has also been engaged to commission a sculpture for the centre of the square.
<img src="/images/2014/05/30/collingwood-aug-7-six.jpg" alt="">
With such a strong offering of onsite facilities, there’s no doubt that SMA hopes to tap in to the recently gentrified lifestyle market offered by Collingwood (and coveted by cashed up aspiring Collingwood residents). Under the expert eye of heritage architect Peter Lovell working with Heritage Victoria, SMA promises to retain and restore the historical (and nostalgic) value of the site.
<img src="/images/2014/05/30/yorkshire-may-30.jpg" alt="">
Thursday night’s media launch finished with a beer masterclass from Clifton Hill Brewpub’s head brewer Costa Nikias. The craft brewer took the attendees through a range of craft beers and contemplated the recent boom in demand for artisanal beers.
“We’re trading up in our choices,” mused Costa. “With beer, with food, with everything.” 
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Collingwood’s Yorkshire Brewery to launch this weekend

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This week's property quiz will test the brains of movie buffs and property nerds alike. 
Here are ten homes that have secured their places in cinema history. Can you guess where they made their film debuts?
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/St_Patricks_Seminary_Sydney_front_view.jpg" alt=""> The former inhabitants of St Patrick's Seminary in Sydney would surely disapprove of the parties thrown inside its walls for this film.</li>
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<img src="/images/2014/05/30/ferris-bueller-house-for-sale-cameron-12.jpg" alt=""> Wagging school never seemed so glamorous.</li>
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/the%20godfather.jpg" alt=""> This sprawling estate has enough room for a horse - or part of one, anyway. 
</li>
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/a%20single%20man.jpg" alt=""> This fashionable home made its movie debut at the same time as its fashionable director.</li>
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/dude_0000_0726lebowski1.jpg.jpg" alt=""> "Well sir, it's this rug I had. It really tied the room together."</li>
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/Home%20alone%20house.jpg" alt=""> Be careful with the doorknob, and the steps, and the iron, and the stairs...and the spider. 
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/1200px-Ennis_House_front_view_2005.jpg" alt=""> Do androids dream of Frank Lloyd Wright homes? 
</li>
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/Twilight-New-Moon-House-Sale000.jpg" alt=""> Perfect for swanning around in with your pale beau. 
</li>
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/scarface-mansion-sale.jpg" alt=""> Say 'hello' to this $35 million mansion. 
</li>
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/elrod.JPG" alt=""> A certain man with a license to kill almost met his match in this mansion.</li>
</ol>
For the films that made these homes famous, click below.
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
 THE ANSWERS
<ol>
<li>
 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/St_Patricks_Seminary_Sydney_front_view.jpg" alt=""> Australian Catherine Martin won the Oscar for Best Production Design after picking this former Sydney seminary for the exterior of Jay Gatsby's mansion in The Great Gatsby. 
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<img src="/images/2014/05/30/ferris-bueller-house-for-sale-cameron-12.jpg" alt=""> Bueller? Bueller? Cameron's dad's house from Ferris Bueller's Day Off was sold for US$1.25 million earlier this year, down from its initial asking price of US$2.5 million. 
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/the%20godfather.jpg" alt=""> The Beverley House was the home of The Godfather's Jack Woltz. It's now listed for sale through Hilton Hyland for US $135 million. Thankfully, this estate only provided exterior shots for the movie, so you won't be haunted by any visions of beheaded horses. 
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/a%20single%20man.jpg" alt=""> The Schaffer Residence was Colin Firth's home in A Single Man, the directorial debut of fashion designer Tom Ford. The house sold in December 2012 after four long years on the market, for US $1.395 million to an English television ad director.</li>
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/dude_0000_0726lebowski1.jpg.jpg" alt=""> This cottage was the home (and unfortunate site of many beatings) of the Dude of The Big Lebowski. <a href="/news/big-lebowski-house-for-sale">It was listed for sale in 2011</a>. </li>
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/Home%20alone%20house.jpg" alt=""> Kevin! The abandoned McCallister pretty much tried to murder two robbers in this home in Home Alone. The house was sold by Coldwell Banker real estate for US $1.585 million in 2012. 
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/1200px-Ennis_House_front_view_2005.jpg" alt=""> Frank Lloyd Wright's Ennis House was made famous in the 1982 science fiction classic, Blade Runner.
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/Twilight-New-Moon-House-Sale000.jpg" alt=""> This West Vancouver house was home to the Cullens in Twilight. It was advertised for sale by Jason Soprovich in late 2009 for CAD $3.298 million.  
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/scarface-mansion-sale.jpg" alt=""> California's El Fureidis estate was the mansion in Scarface. It's currently on the market for US $35 million.  
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 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/elrod.JPG" alt=""> Another John Lautner stunner on the list. The Elrod House seems to attract a bad crowd, with villains from Diamonds Are Forever, Lethal Weapon 2 and Charlie's Angels all calling the mansion home. 
</li>
</ol>
How did you do? For homes that made it big on the small screen, click below.
<hr class="system-pagebreak">
So now you've seen the houses that earned the spotlight on the silver screen. But what about their more humble cousins on our televisions?
 <img src="/images/2014/05/30/aplacetocallhomeapril29flicker.jpg" alt="">
Camelot at Camden, pictured below, was the location for Channel 7's post war drama A Place to Call Home. 
<img src="/images/2014/05/30/placetocallhomemay9one.jpg" alt=""> 
<a href="/news/camelot-at-camden-is-captivating-as-a-place-to-call-home-location-on-channel-7s-new-1950s-drama-series">Known as Ash Park in the series</a>, the fairy tale home has 55 rooms.  Late last year, the house of one Toadie 'Toadfish' Ribecchi <a href="/news/vic/neighbours-ramsay-street-home-sells-127-000-over-reserve-wins-award">sold for $127,000 above its reserve price</a>. The '30 Ramsay Street' house from Neighbours went for $827,000.  <img src="/images/2014/05/30/ramsay.jpg" alt="">
In late 2012, the Concord cottage (pictured below) that housed the sprawling Rafter clan in Channel 7's Packed to the Rafters <a href="/news/nsw/concords-packed-to-the-rafters-house-fails-to-sell">was </a><a href="/news/nsw/concords-packed-to-the-rafters-house-fails-to-sell">passed in at auction</a>, after selling for $1 million in 2006. <img src="/images/2014/05/30/l_rafters.jpg" alt="">
 You might also be interested in this story: <a href="/news/sa/infamous-snowtown-bank-sells">Infamous Snowtown bank sells </a>
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Friday trivia: Can you guess which films made these homes famous?

Information overload: Your guide to defeating data paralysis

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Workplace design and facilities sit just behind salary as key influences on a candidate’s choice of workplace, according to research from design firm HASSELL and Empirica Research.
When you’re expecting someone to spend more than forty hours a week in an office, that office had better be good. If it’s good enough, some workers may even be willing to accept a lower salary. In HASSELL and Empirca Research’s survey, 24% of candidates reported that they would be likely to accept lower pay than they currently received if the new position came with appealing workplace facilities and culture. Appealing technology bumped that proportion up to 37%.
Pay aside, the survey found that providing an appealing workplace doubled the attractiveness of an employer to candidates, all other variables held constant. While providing facilities like gyms, childcare and outdoor spaces were found to be the most effective way of boosting a workplace’s appeal, design was found to count too.  ‘Creative, modern’ workplace design increased an organisation’s attractiveness to the prospective candidates by three times over ‘conservative, corporate’ workplace design.
<img src="/images/2014/05/28/hub%20melbourne.jpg" alt="">
Hub Melbourne. Photograph by Dianna Snape.
Though much of this information will come as no surprise to those in the architecture and design industries, HASSELL principal Steve Coster says that the empirical data will go a long way in convincing employers about the importance of design.
“There are people who are converted to the idea that workplace is worth spending time and money and effort on, and there are people who need more convincing. And one of the challenges is that we often don’t have rigorous substantiation data to make our argument,” he says.
However, he says that employers are starting to realise the benefits of quality workplaces.
“I think that’s definitely a generally higher acceptance now of the opportunity that workplace represents than there was 10 years ago, when I started working in workplace strategy type work,” says Coster.
“The more people see it and the more they experience good workplaces, the more they realise what’s possible. The biggest barrier is people not knowing what they don’t know, and not realising what a workplace can be like, and that it doesn’t have to be awful – it can actually be quite a good place to be if it’s done well.”
Coster often cites SA Water House as an example where workplace design has influenced the organisation’s culture and cut costs. HASSELL designed the over 20,000 square metre building, which included office spaces and laboratories.
 <img src="/images/2014/05/28/sa%20water%201.png" alt="">
SA Water House. Photograph by Matthew Sleeth.
“They had quite a broad cultural agenda to change the kind of organisation that they were,” says Coster.
“One of the symptoms they said would reflect progress was their attractiveness to a new generation of employees. So that was a KPI for the shift they were trying to make. And from a couple of years before they moved into their new workplace until a couple of years after, they went from less than 20 graduate applications a year to getting more than 400 applications a year.”
With mining and engineering companies in Adelaide attracting the majority of engineering graduates, the influx of interest in SA Water from new candidates was a “strategically important issue,” says Coster.
 <img src="/images/2014/05/28/sa%20water%202.png" alt="">
SA Water House. Photograph by Matthew Sleeth.
But there was also an improvement in retention and productivity of the existing workforce.
“They had a reduction in sick days by one day per person per year. With nearly 1000 employees, matter what they do, that’s 1000 days of productivity that they didn’t get before.” Meanwhile, employee turnover reduced from 10% to 8%, and graduate, trainee and apprentice retention increased from 81% to 91%.
Another example of the influence on workplace culture and design on staff retention is Hub Australia. The Hub, working on a membership basis, charges freelancers, entrepreneurs and creative to use their office spaces. Their Australian spaces were designed by HASSELL. Coster says that the Hub’s members’ willingness to pay to work there is in some ways “the ultimate test of attractiveness.”
<img src="/images/2014/05/28/hub%20sydney.jpg" alt="">
Hub Sydney. Photograph by Nathan Dyer.
“How many organisations’ employees would pay for the right to use their work place? What would you provide differently if you had to encourage people to come so much that they would pay for it – because it would have to be different to your usual cubical work station,” he says.
<img src="/images/2014/05/28/hub%20sydney2.jpg" alt="">
Hub Sydney. Photograph by Nathan Dyer.
HASSELL uses the “Walking the talk” model by Caroline Taylor to analyse and describe workplace culture.
“She talks about culture being made up of the systems, symbols and behaviours that are repeated in an organisation over time,” says Coster. The three dimensions make up a business’s system of working.
“They show you what’s valued, they show you what the priorities are,” he says.
 “The physical workplace is an opportunity to affect all three of those channels, in a very underlying, pervasive, almost passive, background sort of way.” Coster notes the classic boss workplace stakeout, in the corner office rather than sitting with the team.
"That’s a highly symbolic message about the kind of culture you want to create. And if you think about what those messages are and what kind of messages you want to enforce or eliminate; what kind of systems you want to build in and which ones you want to get rid of, you can reinforce all of that through your physical environment." 
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Can good workplace design attract talent to your company?

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Over the past two weeks, Property Observer has featured the twin cities of <a href="/expert-insights/buying/suburb-spotlight-albury-market-is-steady-and-strong">Albury</a> and <a href="/expert-insights/buying/suburb-spotlight-will-wodongas-big-spend-pay-off">Wodonga</a> separately. It’s now time to make the two cities share the spotlight, as we compare their property markets.
The local governments of Albury and Wodonga would have you believe that the two cities – one in New South Wales, the other in Victoria, are worlds apart. But with only the Murray River between them, how different can the two markets be?
The major differences between the two cities are a result of their respective governments. With Albury in New South Wales, buyers and sellers in that city have to contend with the state’s stamp duties and land tax rates. The same goes for Wodonga on the other side of the border. But despite Albury’s New South Welsh affiliations, the city is closer to Melbourne than it is Sydney.
ALBURY-WODONGA: THE KEY FIGURES
<ul>
<li>Total population: 82,083 </li>
<li>Total dwellings: 35,831 </li>
<li>Median weekly household income: $1,039 </li>
<li>Median monthly mortgage repayment: $1,452</li>
</ul>
Source: ABS 2011
Council plans may also have an impact, according to founder of Destiny Financial Solutions, television host and Property Observer columnist, Margaret Lomas.
“Wodonga has a sustained and fairly lengthy land release timetable, and to my knowledge, Wodonga seems to have more land available for land release than Albury,” she says.
However, Lomas doesn’t think land release timetables will necessarily make a  difference to investors.
“I don’t think that will ultimately affect land values,” says Lomas. “In reality, you’re not disadvantaged by living in one over the other.”
Albury’s close proximity to Wodonga (or the other way around) means that if one town benefits, so does another.
“I know the councils want to uncouple them, but you can’t really,” she says. “If you live in one or the other, you don’t miss out. The residences get to enjoy the benefits of both towns.
“I think they’re pretty much exposed to almost exactly the same growth drivers.”
As for that growth, Lomas says that it’s likely to be slow and steady for both towns, thanks to improvements from their local governments.
“I think we’ll see sustained growth in both of them. Both local governments are providing far better services to their residents, and are focussed in creating a better lifestyle for their residents,” says Lomas. She cites Wodonga’s town centre developments, the first of their kind in the town, as a move by local government to improve services. Other big spending items in Wodonga include a new saleyard at North Barnawartha and the now completed Logic industrial site.
But despite big spending agendas, Lomas doesn’t believe that we’ll necessarily see rapid growth from the two cities. She echoes the sentiment from Albury real estate agent Peter Drummond of Drummond Real Estate, who told Property Observer late last year that he believed the city’s market was “steady and strong.”
“They both have room for growth,” she says. “But a boom? I don’t think so. And I don’t think we ever see that in any country areas. But over time we could see some excellent returns in a sustained fashion.”
Photo courtesy of Wikimedia. 
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Suburb spotlight: Albury-Wodonga, how do the markets compare across the Murray?

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The median price of houses purchased in Hobart over the three months to April was $360,000, according to RP Data.
It was the lowest median house price of any capital city for the quarter. RP Data recorded 2.2% capital growth for the quarter for the city.
Property Observer looks to recent house sales in Hobart to see just what the median price will get you. It's especially timely for anyone thinking of taking a job in the newly announced Qantas call centre, with Hobart announced today as the new national base for the airline's customer contact business after the southern state offered millions of dollars in incentives at the airline.
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<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-tas-north+hobart-116281055" target="_blank">29 YARDLEY STREET, NORTH HOBART <img src="/images/2014/05/28/1.jpg" alt=""> </a>This North Hobart cottage was sold for $357,500 in April. Outside, the 1890s home has a veranda and small garden, with an original outhouse. Inside, there are three bedrooms, with timber floorboards throughout. The house on a 196 square metre plot was purchased by the vendors in 2011 for $355,000 but was traded for only $24,000 in 1998.  Price: $357,500 Bedrooms: Three Travel to CBD: Four minute drive 
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-tas-howrah-116254143" target="_blank">82 NORMA STREET, HOWRAH <img src="/images/2014/05/28/3.jpg" alt=""> </a>
This 1970s era home is in Howrah, a beachside suburb with views across the Derwent River to Hobart city. It has three bedrooms, a galley kitchen overlooking the dining area and a separate living room. From the elevated porch, the homeowners can look over their neighbours’ homes to the river.
Price: $365,000
Bedrooms: Three
Travel to CBD: 15 minute drive 
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-tas-sandy+bay-116629799" target="_blank">8 REGENT STREET, SANDY BAY</a> <img src="/images/2014/05/28/2.jpg" alt=""> An 1885 era detached home in Sandy Bay was sold for $380,000 earlier this month. The house also includes two bathrooms and a kitchen overlooking the open plan living and dining area. The property also comes with a substantially sized paved outdoor area. The median house sale price for Sandy Bay was $650,000 in April. Price: $380,000 Bedrooms: Three Travel to CBD: Six minute drive 
</li>
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<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-tas-bellerive-115836795" target="_blank">23 MALUKA STREET, BELLERIVE</a> <img src="/images/2014/05/28/4.jpg" alt=""> This home on the end of a cul-de-sac is in Bellerive, located on the Eastern side of the Derwent River. The three bedroom house sold for $350,000. It has a living area with polished Tasmanian Oak floorboards a modern kitchen. The vendors purchased this house for $305,000 in 2006. Price: $350,000 Bedrooms: Three Travel to CBD: 13 minute drive 
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.realestate.com.au/property-house-tas-howrah-116285171" target="_blank">148 TRANMERE ROAD, HOWRAH <img src="/images/2014/05/28/5.jpg" alt=""></a> Another Howrah home sold in April for $360,000. This three bedroom brick house was built in 1958. The buyers will enjoy mountain and river views, with the home set on a street bordering the River Derwent. It was sold after 33 days on the market. Price: $360,000 Bedrooms: Three Travel to CBD: 18 minute drive
</li>
</ol>
YOU MAY ALSO LIKE TO READ: 
<a href="/expert-insights/investing/what-melbournes-median-house-price-really-gets-you">What Melbourne's median house price really gets you</a>
<a href="/expert-insights/investing/what-can-you-get-for-adelaide-s-median-house-price">What can you get for Adelaide's median house price?</a>
<a href="/news/wa/what-can-you-get-for-perths-547-000-median-house-price">What can you get for Perth's $547,000 median house price?</a>
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What can you buy for Hobart's median house price?

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Following an investor complaint about Brisbane City Council’s differential rating system, Property Observer looks at the other Queensland councils that charge higher rates for non-owner occupied properties.

Last week, television host and Destiny Financial Solutions director Margaret Lomas <a href="/news/qld/margaret-lomas-heads-fight-against-higher-council-charges-for-investors">launched a public campaign against the practice</a> on social media, urging investors to “band together to force these money- grubbing councils to stop targeting property investors”.

<a href="https://twitter.com/MargaretLomasAU" target="_blank"><img alt="" src="/images/2014/05/27/lomas-tweet-may-27.jpg"></a>

In Brisbane City Council, single residential properties are largely categorised as either “Residential – Owner Occupied” or “Residential – Non-owner occupied or mixed use”.

Owner occupied residences are described as: “residential dwelling houses and dwelling units where the sole use is as the principal place of residence of the owner/s. In this instance, eligible ownership is limited to individuals only and does not include premises owned or partially owned by a company, trust, organisation or any entity other than an individual. This is regardless of whether the premises are occupied by a shareholder or even the sole shareholder of that company, trust, organisation or entity.”

That rules out rental properties, holiday homes and anything that’s owned under your company’s name. These properties attract a rate of 0.3064 cents in the dollar, with a minimum general rate of $503.40.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=90087]

Category 7 or “Residential – Non-owner occupied or mixed use” properties are defined as “predominantly residential premises" where:

"(a)      the premises is not the principal place of residence of at least one person who constitutes the owner of the property; and/or "(b)      the owner or occupier conducts non-residential activities upon the property not in excess of [certain limitations that would see it defined as a commercial property]." 
These properties attract a rate of 0.3904 cents in the dollar, with a minimum general rate of $628.72 in Brisbane.

While Lomas has been tagging her posts on the topic with <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/equalratesforpropertyinvestors?src=hash" target="_blank">#equalratesforpropertyinvestors</a>, it is not just investors who see higher rates than owner occupiers. If you own a house in Noosa that you visit four times a year, you will be paying a higher rate than an owner occupier, even though you don’t generate income from your holiday home.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=94758]

A pensioner now living in a retirement community, but still holding on to her old house – perhaps to allow relatives to stay in it, or because she’s waiting for the right time to sell – will pay higher rates in Brisbane than an owner occupier.

There is no evidence to suggest that non-owner occupied properties present a greater burden on the council than owner occupied homes. In fact, when investor Andrew Hancock enquired about the rates to the Brisbane City Council, they offered the following explanation:

“This is done to ensure that properties that are the principle place of residence of their owners do not pay as much as those which are income producing. Income producing properties also have the advantage of being able to offset such expenses against taxation. Council’s principal motivation is to ensure, through its differential rating system, that the owner-occupied, single unit dwelling sector of the community contribute to a level that is affordable and value for money.”

[smartcode_project:default project_id=29167]

The following Queensland councils charge higher rates for non-owner occupied homes than owner occupied homes:

<ul>
<li>Brisbane City Council </li>
	<li>Central Highlands Council</li>
	<li>Fraser Coast Regional Council</li>
	<li>Gold Coast City Council</li>
	<li>Ipswich City Council</li>
	<li>Logan City Council</li>
	<li>Moreton Bay Regional Council</li>
	<li>Mackay City Council</li>
	<li>Mount Isa City Council</li>
	<li>Redland City Council</li>
	<li>Noosa Shire Council</li>
	<li>Rockhampton Regional Council</li>
	<li>Scenic Rim Regional Council</li>
	<li>Somerset Regional Council</li>
	<li>Sunshine Coast Regional Council</li>
	<li>Townsville City Council</li>
	<li>Whitsunday Regional Council </li>
</ul>
So far, Property Observer does not know of any councils outside of Queensland who charge different rates for owner occupiers and residential investors. 
Earlier this year, a judge in the Supreme Court <a href="/expert-insights/finance/mackay-investors-win-as-supreme-court-judge-refuses-extra-council-rates-for-rental-owners">ruled against the Mackay City Council’s decision to charge higher rates</a> for non-owner occupied properties in a civil suit launched by investors Ayril Paton and Peter Crossan. Judge Duncan McMeekin said, “To justify the categorisation the Council impermissibly took into account characteristics personal to the owners of the land and failed to restrict itself to characteristics of the subject land itself. It is simply a misuse of language to claim that the owner’s decision to reside on land, or not, is in some way a characteristic of the land.”

[smartcode_project:default project_id=27364]

Mackay City Council is reportedly appealing the decision.

Do you know any other councils that charge higher rates to non-owner occupied properties? Let us know in the comments below.

Update: As of yet, there is no sign that the councils will be required to refund rates to investors. This article mistakenly included South Burnett in the list of councils that charged different rates for investors. South Burnett does not currently charge a different rate for non-owner-occupied properties and owner-occupied properties. The article has been amended.

<h2>Properties you may be interested in:</h2>

[smartcode_project:default project_id=27638]

[smartcode_project:default project_id=29171]
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The Queensland councils charging higher rates for investors

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HSBC Bank cut its two year fixed rate home loan to 4.58% for all new borrowings over $50,000 last week.
The rate cut makes HSBC’s two year fixed rate home loan the lowest fixed rate mortgage offered by any retail bank in Australia, according to Canstar ratings as of 16 May.
HSBC Bank Australia’s head of mortgages Alice Del Vecchio says that a drop in the cost of funds has allowed HSBC to cut rates.
Customers will need to have loan applications in to HSBC before 18 July and settle by 19 September to take advantage of the 4.58% rate. After the two year period, the fixed rate will revert to HSBC’s standard variable rate. Customers will be able to make extra payments of up to $10,000 per annum.
“The ability to make additional payments is attractive as it offers the security of a fixed rate but also the flexibility for additional repayments if extra money becomes available. We also know our customers prefer a combined loan approach and so we are offering competitive variable rate pricing to complement the headline fixed rate,” said Del Vecchio.
The two year fixed rate loan has a comparison rate of 5.19% based on a secured loan of $150,000 over a 25 year term.
The bank also offers a range of one, three, four and five year fixed rate loans.
Two year fixed rate loans from the big four banks:
<ul>
<li>Commonwealth Bank: 4.84% per annum (5.73% comparison rate)</li>
<li>ANZ: 4.99% per annum (5.77% comparison rate)</li>
<li>NAB: 4.94% per annum (5.79% comparison rate)</li>
<li>Westpac: 5.04% per annum (5.93% comparison rate)</li>
</ul>
</body></html>

HSBC lowers two year fixed rate home loan

The new <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/yarraville-green-42-stephen-street-yarraville-vic-3013">Yarraville Green</a> development in Melbourne's inner west is showing that landscaping can be just as influential as architecture, with buyers responding strongly to the garden-first approach adopted from the outset by developer Excelon Projects and the project's design team.

Excelon appointed Six Degrees Architects and landscape architects SBLA to work collaboratively on the development, with a brief to create "a sustainable, design-led building with a focus on community."

That approach has resonated with buyers. According to Next Chapter Director Tom Hirini, who is leading the sales campaign, the landscaped communal garden has become one of the project's defining features, alongside its boutique scale and European-inspired cluster housing concept.

Local downsizers, right-sizers and established families already living in Yarraville and surrounding suburbs have accounted for the majority of purchasers.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297740]

Yarraville Green will comprise 53 homes, including apartments and townhomes, arranged around the shared central garden to maximise connections to the landscaped open space. Parking has been moved underground, allowing the ground plane to be dedicated to greenery, pedestrian movement and communal spaces.

The landscape extends well beyond passive planting. Productive garden beds, a pergola, communal gathering spaces, garden sheds and a pet wash have all been integrated into the masterplan, creating spaces designed to encourage everyday interaction between residents.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297741]

The interiors continue Excelon's focus on craftsmanship, incorporating bespoke elements by Melbourne artisans including leadlight detailing by Adadaz, hand-turned timber hardware by Auburn Woodturning and blown-glass lighting by Ruth Allen.

Sustainability has also been embedded throughout the project, with Yarraville Green targeting an average 7-star NatHERS energy rating through passive design principles, rooftop solar servicing common areas and rainwater harvesting for landscape irrigation.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=144913 project_image_fid=297735]

Construction continues to progress at Yarraville Green, with structural works well underway and framing works approaching completion under builder Balmain &amp; Co. The project remains on track for completion in mid-2027.

Apartments at Yarraville Green are currently priced from $625,000, while townhomes start from $1.4 million.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=144913]

Joel Robinson

Garden-led design drives buyer demand at Yarraville Green

National diversified developer Fortis has officially launched Crest &amp; Walker, its latest Brisbane apartment development, with construction now underway on the 20-storey Newstead project.

Award-winning builder BINAH has commenced construction on the Bureau^Proberts-designed building, which will deliver a limited collection of 65 two and three-bedroom apartments on Kyabra Street.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373556]

The project marks Fortis' fourth active residential development in Brisbane, following River House, which is nearing completion, alongside projects in New Farm and Hamilton as the national developer continues to expand its South East Queensland pipeline.

Fortis General Manager – Development Queensland Dan Boman said Crest &amp; Walker reflects the developer's long-term commitment to delivering design-led residential projects in Brisbane's established inner-city suburbs.

"We're proud to be strengthening our presence in Brisbane with Crest &amp; Walker, particularly in such a sought-after lifestyle destination as Newstead," Boman said.

"Every Fortis project is shaped by its context, and we approach each one with the respect and care it deserves.

"Our focus is always on creating places that feel connected to their neighbourhood and elevate the everyday experience for residents. Newstead continues to evolve as one of Brisbane's most sought-after urban communities, and Crest &amp; Walker reflects our ambition to contribute meaningfully to that story."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373559]

Positioned between Gasworks Plaza and James Street, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/crest-walker-newstead-12-kyabra-street-newstead-qld-4006">Crest &amp; Walker</a> has been designed as a boutique residential address offering privacy and generous living spaces within one of Brisbane's most established lifestyle precincts.

The building features a contemporary brick podium softened by integrated landscaping, while the upper levels are characterised by restrained architecture and enduring materiality. Interiors have been designed to maximise natural light, acoustic performance and long-term liveability.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373583]

Residences comprise spacious two and three-bedroom floorplans, with two-bedroom apartments priced from $1.55 million and three-bedroom, half-floor residences from $3.95 million.

Residents will have access to a wellness-focused rooftop featuring a swimming pool, sauna, steam room, landscaped dining spaces and outdoor lounge areas overlooking Newstead and the Brisbane CBD.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=145922 project_image_fid=373571]

Sales are being managed by Slaite Projects, with Fortis expecting strong demand from owner-occupiers seeking a high-quality, design-focused apartment in one of Brisbane's most tightly held inner-city suburbs.

Completion of Crest &amp; Walker is slated for late 2028.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=145922]

Fortis expands Brisbane pipeline with launch of Crest & Walker in Newstead

The enormity of delivering a true skyscraper in Australia's new development market is often overlooked.

It has taken the best part of a decade since plans for Chevron One were first unveiled, but the 52-storey tower is now complete, with residents collecting their keys and moving into what has become one of the Gold Coast's most recognisable new landmarks.

Rising 127 metres above Chevron Island, Chevron One stands almost twice as high as any other building on the island. Its scale places it alongside the trio of towers at Jewel, arguably the last truly significant addition to the central Gold Coast skyline when they were completed around six years ago.

While there are several developments underway around a similar height to Chevron One, they are more concentrated within clusters of the highest towers in the city. The fact Chevron One sits within a developing precinct, looking back at the other high-rise developments in Surfers Paradise and Broadbeach, makes it a different proposition altogether. It will certainly become a reference point on the Gold Coast skyline.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=6515 project_image_fid=68833]

Developer Bensons Property Group is behind the 52-storey tower, which has just shy of 250 apartments, along with an exhaustive list of resident amenity spread across what is the largest development site ever assembled on Chevron Island.

The tower has been the talk of the town for years, says Ray White Projects Gold Coast agent Caitlin Rosenboom, who is selling the remaining apartments.

"People have been watching Chevron One go up for years," Rosenboom says, adding that many prospective buyers have been surprised by the scale of the views once they step inside.

"It's only when they walk through a completed apartment that they truly understand the position of the building," Rosenboom says.

"The views are jaw-dropping. Whether you're looking east over the ocean, across Surfers Paradise, along the river systems or out to the hinterland, every level offers something different but equally impressive."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=6515 project_image_fid=360215]

One of Chevron One's defining advantages is its location on the eastern side of Chevron Island on Stanhill Drive, a position which protects the views forever.

"There's only one row of houses between Chevron One and the water, and the height restrictions along the river means views from Chevron One can never be built out,"&nbsp;Rosenboom says.

While new apartment developments continue to emerge across the Gold Coast, Rosenboom says opportunities to secure a completed apartment with this level of outlook are becoming increasingly rare.

"The size of the site is something that would be incredibly difficult to replicate today," she says.

"That's allowed Chevron One to deliver the sort of amenity, open space and resident facilities that very few projects can offer. There are not many completed apartment buildings on the Gold Coast right now that can compete with the combination of scale, quality and amenity."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=6515 project_image_fid=68839]

There's around 2,000 sqm of amenity solely for the use of residents of Chevron One. Club One features a uniquely shaped swimming pool that mirrors the footprint of the building itself, set within a extensively landscaped gardens. There's also an indoor pool and spa, a fully equipped gym with a Pilates room, a yoga garden, a bookable private dining area and lounge that can host up to 30 people, and a 24-hour concierge service.

As for the buyers, Rosenboom is fielding enquiry from everywhere: Sydneysiders and Melburnians looking at the new and off-the-plan market following the changes in the Federal Budget, as well as those looking to relocate, through to South East Queenslanders seeking either a permanent home or a weekender bolthole.

"The Gold Coast lifestyle continues to resonate with people relocating from the southern states, and when they see the views and the quality of what's been delivered at Chevron One, it becomes very easy for them to understand the appeal," Rosenboom says.

A diverse mix of one, two and three-bedroom apartments remain available, with each offering "something a little different", be it the orientation and views, configuration, or level, to suit a wide variety of buyers.

The remaining apartments are ready to inspect in person, by appointment.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=6515]

A decade in the making: Residents to move into Chevron One as construction wraps up

A general rule of thumb in new apartment developments is that the penthouses get the rooftop.

It's a formula that's become commonplace across Australia's apartment market. Residents might have access to a pool, gym or barbecue facilities on a dedicated lower level, but the most desirable outdoor spaces are typically reserved for the highest-priced homes at the top of the building.

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/sherpa-property-group">Sherpa Property Group</a> has taken the opposite approach.

Rather than dedicating the rooftop to a handful of buyers, the Gold Coast developer has made it the centrepiece of its Flourish collection, creating expansive shared spaces from the best vantage point in the building.

The philosophy has reached its most ambitious expression at <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/flourish-soleira-palm-beach-1150-1160-gold-coast-highway-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Soleira</a> in Palm Beach, where two rooftop precincts connected by a skybridge will deliver one of the most extensive lifestyle offerings seen in a residential apartment project on the Gold Coast.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=374053]

"We're seeing a clear move toward developments that offer more than just an apartment," Sherpa Group founder Christie Leet said.

"People want spaces that support how they actually live, whether that's working from home, staying active, or spending time with family and friends.

"That's where amenity becomes critical. It's not just about what's included, but how those spaces are designed to be used every day."

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=374052]

The breadth of amenity has already attracted buyers across multiple demographics. Younger first home buyers have been drawn to Soleira's one-bedroom apartments, a product rarely delivered in Palm Beach, while families have responded to practical inclusions such as the shallow children's pool adjoining the main lap pool and the extensive communal recreation areas.

Instead of a single rooftop, Soleira delivers two distinct lifestyle zones.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=372547]

The southern rooftop has been dedicated to wellness, featuring a gym, yoga and Pilates studio, work-from-home facilities, a wellness centre, spa, and hot and cold plunge pools.

The northern rooftop focuses on recreation and entertaining, incorporating a heated resort-style pool, private dining rooms, pizza ovens, barbecues, a golf simulator, children's recreation areas, and what is expected to be the Gold Coast's first rooftop basketball court, which will also double as a squash court.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=374054]

Beyond the rooftops, Soleira will introduce 1,500 sqm of curated retail beneath the towers, creating one of Palm Beach's first genuinely mixed-use lifestyle precincts where cafés, restaurants and convenience retail become part of residents' everyday lives.

Sherpa has also retained management rights across the development, allowing it to oversee the long-term operation of the building through a 24-hour concierge model. The developer is also exploring additional revenue streams within the precinct aimed at helping offset ongoing body corporate costs for residents.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=150017 project_image_fid=370962]

While Soleira is the largest project Sherpa has delivered, the rooftop-first philosophy has been evolving for several years.

It began with <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/amargo-6-12-sixth-avenue-palm-beach-qld-4221">Flourish Amargo</a>, the first project released under the Flourish brand. Rather than competing at the ultra-luxury end of the market with oversized half-floor and full-floor residences, Sherpa focused on creating lifestyle-driven apartments supported by resort-style shared spaces.

Amargo introduced more than 800 sqm of rooftop amenity, combining wellness facilities, heated pools, entertaining areas, cabanas, pizza ovens and private dining spaces into what was designed as an extension of residents' homes rather than a facility used only occasionally.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=146527 project_image_fid=366550]

That approach continued with Flourish Oasis, where the same amenity-led philosophy was refined into a more boutique development. Strong demand from Sherpa's growing VIP database saw much of the project sold before it reached the broader market, reinforcing buyer appetite for apartment communities centred around shared lifestyle experiences.

Flourish Amargo is slated for completion mid-way-through next year, with Oasis to be delivered by late 2027. Flourish Soleira is expected to complete in 2030.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=150017]

Sherpa takes amenity to the sky as Flourish Soleira captures booming Palm Beach demand

As apartment living continues to evolve across Sydney's growth corridors, the quality and distribution of shared spaces is increasingly shaping how residents experience home. Rather than functioning as add-ons, amenities are being embedded into the daily rhythm of a building, supporting everything from quiet retreat to social interaction, often within a single vertical community.

At <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/aeris-melrose-park-nursery-street-melrose-park-nsw-2114">Aeris</a> in Melrose Park, this approach is resolved through a layered amenity offering that unfolds from ground level through to its upper podium. Developed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/sekisui-house-australia">Sekisui House Australia</a> in partnership with Hankyu Hanshin Properties, the project introduces 468 apartments across two towers and a mid-rise building, positioned at the highest point of the broader masterplan.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=426 project_image_fid=359199]

The amenity experience begins at street level, where two courtyards sit within a landscaped setting that connects residents to the wider network of parks and green spaces. These green spaces are not isolated pockets but part of a wider pedestrian network that links Aeris to the surrounding <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/melrose-park-nsw-2114">Melrose Park</a> precinct, including Central Park, future schools, and the Town Centre opening in July 2026. The result is a transition that moves from public to private without abrupt boundaries, allowing residents to pass through shaded, tree-lined environments before reaching the building itself.

Moving upward, the focus shifts to the level five podium, where the primary communal facilities are concentrated. This space brings together a 16-metre swimming pool, outdoor seating areas, and a communal BBQ zone arranged to take advantage of elevated outlooks. Seating is positioned beneath pergolas, creating pockets of shade that extend the usability of the space throughout the day. The pool edge aligns with views toward the wider district, reinforcing the sense of elevation that defines the project’s positioning.

In the adjacent building, this is complemented by quieter, more contemplative spaces, including an outdoor cinema set within the same level. Positioned to operate primarily in the evening, it introduces a different tempo to the shared environment, shifting from daytime activity to after-hours use without requiring separate zones.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=426 project_image_fid=360299]

The podium also accommodates an intimate private resident gym. Located on the lower levels, it gives residents convenient access to fitness facilities without leaving the building.

Above, the elevated podium sky deck extends the amenity offering, providing additional open-air spaces with elevated outlooks across the surrounding landscape. While more restrained in program, this upper level reinforces the project’s vertical progression, from ground-level greenery to elevated outlook, allowing residents to move between distinct spatial conditions within a single address.

This distribution of amenities reflects a deliberate response to how residents use space across the day. Sekisui House Australia Sales and Marketing Director Peter Kalaf points to the role these shared areas play in shaping buyer demand. Aeris has been conceived as more than a collection of apartments, with the podium pool, gym and outdoor cinema forming part of a broader lifestyle offering that extends the home beyond each individual residence.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=426 project_image_fid=360300]

What distinguishes Aeris is not the inclusion of these elements individually, but how they are arranged in relation to one another. Active, social, and passive spaces are layered vertically rather than separated, allowing residents to choose between them without leaving the building or moving far from their apartment. This proximity supports both routine use, such as a morning swim or evening workout, and more occasional gatherings, whether around the BBQ area or within the cinema setting.

The amenity design also sits within a broader framework of connectivity across Melrose Park. The Melrose Park Town Centre, anchored by Coles and Dan Murphys, features a mix of retail, dining, health and lifestyle offerings, bringing everyday convenience closer to residents. By the end of the year, more than five hectares of parks and open space, equivalent to around seven football fields of green space on residents' doorstep, will further enhance the precinct, allowing the internal facilities at Aeris to operate as an extension of the wider neighbourhood rather than a substitute for it.

Construction at Aeris continues to gather momentum, with ground floor slabs expected to be completed in late 2026 before the first sections of the buildings begin to rise above ground.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=426]

Jessie Richardson

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