Growing national developer Time &amp; Place has announced its fifth new apartment development.

With two projects in Manly and two upcoming in Surry Hills and Potts Point, the developer, which expanded beyond Melbourne just a few years ago, is now heading to Mosman. It is planning 53 new apartments on Redan Street.

The 3,233 sqm site, spanning <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/40-48-redan-street-mosman-nsw-2088">40–48 Redan Street</a> with frontage to Redan Lane, is located just under 400 metres from Spit Junction Town Centre. It is reported the developer paid around $100 million for the five-site amalgamation.

Time &amp; Place, founded by Tim Price and backed by James Packer’s private investment firm NPACT, has submitted the project as a State Significant Development through the NSW Government’s Housing Delivery Authority pathway.

Of the 53 apartments, 42 will be released to the market, with the remaining 11 allocated as affordable housing in line with NSW Government requirements.

fjc Studio has designed the building. In its Design Report, the architect said the diverse mix of dwelling types and sizes, including 11 two-bedroom affordable housing units, 40 three-bedroom apartments, and two four-bedroom residences, will support a broad demographic, including families, downsizers, and key workers.

The development will rise to nine levels, a height encouraged by the NSW Government due to the site’s proximity to Spit Junction, which has been identified as a low- to mid-rise centre. Developments within a certain proximity to these centres are permitted increased height.

fjc said the project “achieves an appropriate density outcome for its setting by balancing increased housing supply with strong amenity performance,” adding that it “makes a measurable contribution to NSW housing supply targets through the delivery of additional dwellings and dedicated affordable housing.”

The new development will replace five existing two-storey homes.

“By aligning with the objectives of the Housing SEPP and applying careful architectural and urban design principles, the development provides high-quality residential accommodation that integrates sensitively within its established Mosman context and delivers enduring benefits to residents and the wider community.”

Mosman has become increasingly popular with developers in recent years.

Developer Abadeen has been particularly active, with Mosman Residences currently on the market and under construction on Clifford Street. It also has an upcoming Burran Avenue project, comprising just three apartments on the Balmoral Slopes, and recently secured the Midas and Honeysuckle nursery site on Military Road.

Prosker Property has a project on Redan Lane, just a few doors down from Time &amp; Place’s proposed development.

Developers including Toohey Miller, DARE Property Group, and WINIM also have projects underway in the area. In 2024, a five-year target was set for the Mosman LGA to increase housing supply by 500 dwellings by 2029.

Time &amp; Place entered the Sydney market with Two Tides, its under construction Manly development. Given its sales success, it has secured another development in the area, more boutique, facing the beach on North Steyne.

They are hoping to launch their redevelopment of The Chimes in Potts Point this year, and next year will look to take to market Marlborough House, an adaptive re-use of the landmark David Jones warehouse in Surry Hills.

Joel Robinson

Time & Place to take on Mosman apartment market

Brunswick’s civic heart continues to consolidate around the Merri-bek Arts and Culture Precinct, where a growing cluster of cultural institutions, recreation facilities, and public infrastructure has created one of the inner north’s most defined community hubs.&nbsp;

Within this evolving precinct, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/saxon-street-by-milieu-brunswick-31-saxon-street-brunswick-vic-3056">Saxon Street by Milieu</a> introduces new housing directly alongside the civic anchors that shape daily life in the suburb.

At 31 Saxon Street, the project sits immediately beside Brunswick Baths and within moments of Brunswick Library and Town Hall, longstanding institutions that support both community services and everyday amenity.&nbsp;

[smartcode_project:default project_id=136434 project_image_fid=348840]

Next door, the newly delivered Balam Balam Place arts precinct has emerged as a central piece of Merri-bek Council’s cultural strategy, bringing together creative studios, exhibition spaces, maternal and child health services, and community programming in a purpose-built civic facility. Together, these destinations have reinforced the surrounding blocks as a focal point for public life in Brunswick.

This part of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/brunswick-vic-3056">Brunswick</a> forms a key pocket within the suburb’s designated Major Activity Centre, where long-term planning has prioritised walkability, civic investment, and increased housing supply close to transport and services. The surrounding street network reflects that strategy, with compact blocks, established retail corridors and active transport links supporting a lifestyle that is largely navigable on foot.

Within a few minutes’ walk, Sydney Road delivers one of Melbourne’s most recognisable streets, known for its long-running mix of independent retailers, international dining venues and everyday convenience. Tram routes along Sydney Road provide frequent connections south toward the CBD and north through Brunswick and Coburg, while Jewell Station on the Upfield line sits within roughly a ten-minute walk, offering direct train access into the city.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=136434 project_image_fid=348839]

Active transport also plays a significant role locally. The nearby Upfield Bike Path forms a key north–south cycling corridor linking Brunswick through Parkville and into the central city, reinforcing the area’s reputation as one of Melbourne’s most accessible inner-urban neighbourhoods for cyclists and pedestrians alike.

The surrounding civic cluster extends beyond cultural infrastructure. Siteworks, a nearby creative hub supporting artists and community organisations, adds to the concentration of cultural activity in the immediate area. Educational institutions such as Brunswick North Primary School, Brunswick Secondary College and RMIT’s Brunswick campus are also within easy reach, contributing to the suburb’s diverse resident base spanning families, students and professionals.&nbsp;

[smartcode_project:default project_id=136434 project_image_fid=348841]

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/jackson-clements-burrows-architects">Jackson Clements Burrows Architects</a> in collaboration with <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/interior-designers/designoffice">DesignOffice</a> and landscape architects <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/landscape-architect/oculus">OCULUS</a>, the nine-level building has been shaped to respond to the surrounding streetscape, with lower levels aligning to the street and upper storeys stepping back to soften its scale and improve solar access.&nbsp;

Curved balcony forms reference nearby heritage architecture, while the development’s public realm improvements include a widened footpath along Saxon Street to strengthen pedestrian connections between the precinct’s civic sites.

Sustainability also underpins the project’s approach. The building is designed to operate entirely on electric infrastructure supported by rooftop solar, with an average 7.5-star NatHERS energy rating and EV-charging readiness across the development. Shared resident amenities will include a landscaped rooftop terrace with barbecue and covered dining areas intended to encourage informal interaction between residents.

Saxon Street marks developer Milieu's fifth project in Brunswick and continues its focus on design-led infill housing across Melbourne’s inner suburbs.&nbsp;

Construction has commenced through reputable builder Manresa, who will complete the project in 2027.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=136434]

Saxon Street by Milieu connects residents to Brunswick’s cultural and civic core

Within <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/candela-ivanhoe-40-upper-heidelberg-road-ivanhoe-vic-3079">Candela Ivanhoe</a>, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/salter-brothers">Salter Brothers</a>&nbsp;takes a different approach to larger residences, moving away from the constraints of a single level.

In Grand Residence 3.05, known as the Lustre, plays out across two levels, with a mezzanine configuration that is uncommon in apartment living.

Lustre is a four-bathroom residence where the layout creates a clear distinction between shared and private zones, with uninterrupted views toward the Dandenong Ranges extending the sense of openness from the main living areas.

Entry is to the primary living level, where the kitchen, dining, and living areas are arranged as one continuous space. Timber flooring runs throughout, with a fireplace set within the living zone. Full-height glazing brings in natural light, supported by double glazing that improves thermal performance.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=342 project_image_fid=357506]

The kitchen is configured as both a working and social space. A large island bench provides seating, while a walk-in pantry extends storage beyond typical apartment expectations.

Gaggenau appliances, including a 900mm gas cooktop and 600mm oven, are integrated into a layout that connects directly to the adjacent dining and living areas, and outward to the terrace. This balcony includes a built-in BBQ, reinforcing the apartment’s capacity to accommodate larger gatherings without compromising internal space.

A dedicated laundry room, powder room, and a wine cellar area sit discreetly off the main living zone, ensuring that functional requirements are resolved without encroaching on primary living areas. The master suite is also located on this level, designed as a retreat with a walk-through wardrobe and an ensuite that includes double vanities, a bath, and a dedicated dressing table.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=342 project_image_fid=357508]

The mezzanine level introduces a second layer of living, rather than simply additional bedrooms. Two large bedrooms with built-in robes are positioned alongside a central bathroom, while a secondary lounge and study area create a self-contained zone suited to children, guests, or extended family. A large storage room further supports long-term usability, addressing a common shortfall in apartment design.

This separation of levels is central to how the residence functions day-to-day. It allows the lower level to operate as the primary entertaining and living space, while the upper level provides privacy and flexibility. The result is closer in feel to a townhouse or standalone home, but with the benefits of apartment living, security, and low maintenance.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=342 project_image_fid=364553]

Candela is close to 80 per cent complete, with Ironside delivering construction ahead of its expected October 2026 completion. The development comprises 58 residences, with a strong owner-occupier profile and a mix of one to four-bedroom apartments and loft-style townhouses.

Candela has exclusive access to private amenities, including a residential lounge and rooftop terrace. A charming café and a lifestyle wellness centre are located on the ground level, designed to foster community connection and extend the living experience beyond individual apartments without competing with the scale of homes like Lustre.

Candela, positioned in the heart of Ivanhoe Village, reinforces the practicality of the address. With a Walk Score of 90, residents are within immediate reach of cafés, retail, parklands, and Ivanhoe Station, while also benefiting from proximity to established schools and healthcare services.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=342]

Inside Lustre: Grand Residence 3.05 at Candela Ivanhoe

<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/milieu-property">Milieu</a>’s <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/elsternwick-gardens-by-milieu-8-gordon-street-elsternwick-vic-3185">Elsternwick Gardens</a> is being shaped around a simple but increasingly rare premise in apartment development: that the built environment should actively support residents’ wellbeing.&nbsp;

Located on the former ABC Studios site on Gordon Street in Melbourne’s south-east, the new neighbourhood sits on an expansive 11,740 sqm site neighbouring the heritage-listed Rippon Lea Estate, whose gardens date back more than 140 years.

Rather than positioning wellness as an add-on amenity, the development integrates it into the physical planning of the site. Architecture by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/woods-bagot">Woods Bagot</a> is arranged across six low-rise buildings set within extensive landscaping designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/landscape-architect/oculus">OCULUS</a>, with more than 40 per cent of the land dedicated to gardens and green space. Walking trails, pocket gardens, and mature trees are threaded between buildings, creating a network of green corridors that encourage residents to move through the precinct on foot and spend more time outdoors.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=136535 project_image_fid=288420]

Milieu has intentionally framed these gardens as an extension of the neighbouring Rippon Lea Estate. More than 16,000 new plants will be introduced across the site, with species carefully selected to protect and complement the area’s ecological significance. The approach focuses on strengthening existing environmental conditions while establishing new habitats that support native wildlife, reinforcing the role of the landscape as both an active ecosystem and a defining element of daily life.

A private resident gate will provide direct access to the historic grounds during opening hours, allowing residents to move seamlessly between the development’s landscaped gardens and the estate’s expansive lawns, lakes, and mature trees. The project’s gardens will also be maintained by the same gardeners responsible for Rippon Lea, reinforcing the visual and ecological continuity between the two landscapes.

Complementing the landscape is a dedicated wellness hub designed to support everyday health and recovery. Residents will have access to a gym alongside yoga and Pilates studios, while mineral pools and infrared saunas provide spaces for relaxation and restorative wellbeing. Shared lounges, workshop spaces, and pet care facilities expand the concept of wellness beyond fitness, creating opportunities for social connection and community interaction within the precinct.

Environmental performance is another key component of the project’s wellbeing focus. Elsternwick Gardens will be entirely fossil-fuel-free, with homes designed to operate on renewable electricity rather than gas. Passive design strategies, including cross-flow ventilation, high-performance insulation, and thermally broken double glazing, are intended to maintain comfortable indoor temperatures while reducing energy demand. Solar photovoltaic systems will power common building services, while rainwater harvesting will help irrigate the extensive landscaping across the site.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=136535 project_image_fid=361030]

Milieu Founder and Managing Director Michael McCormack says the scale and setting of the project allowed the team to take a different approach to urban apartment living.

“This site represents a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to build something truly special,” McCormack says.

“Through that process, we arrived at a design that centres on a fully realised natural landscape – a series of private, interconnected gardens that encircle the homes and extend seamlessly from Rippon Lea Estate.”

Elsternwick Gardens will comprise three residential offerings, Gordon Place, Ripponlea Terrace, and The Garden Pavilion, each designed for owner-occupiers and shaped around high-quality interior design by Woods Bagot, K.P.D.O., and Flack Studio. The first stage, Gordon Place, includes one-, two-, and three-bedroom apartments designed with a strong focus on indoor-outdoor living and sustainability.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=136535 project_image_fid=288412]

Milieu recently appointed <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/builders/brady-constructions">Brady Constructions</a> to deliver the project, marking a key milestone for the development. The appointment follows the demolition of the former studio buildings on the Gordon Street site, with construction progressing toward the delivery of the nature-led community.

Situated between the established villages of Elsternwick and Ripponlea, the development balances its garden setting with strong urban connectivity. Residents will be within walking distance of cafés, restaurants, and local retail, while nearby train and tram connections provide quick access to Melbourne’s CBD and the beaches of Elwood and St Kilda.

With construction underway and the first residents expected to move in by early 2027, Elsternwick Gardens represents a growing shift in apartment development toward environments that prioritise wellbeing as much as density or location. By placing landscape, sustainability, and shared spaces at the centre of the design, Milieu is positioning the project as a residential neighbourhood where wellness is not just promoted, but built into the structure of everyday life.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=136535]

Elsternwick Gardens' wellness-first design strategy

Brisbane-based developer <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/red-co">Red &amp; Co</a> has made a striking debut on the Gold Coast, officially unveiling its $250 million COMO development in Varsity Lakes, a lifestyle-driven residential project anchored by an extensive rooftop wellness and activity precinct.

Having recently launched to market, construction has already been fast-tracked by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/builders/5point-projects">5Point Projects</a>, ensuring momentum continues on what is set to become a landmark residential address for the growing Varsity Lakes community.

Located at 22 Lake Street, Varsity Lakes, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/como-varsity-lakes-22-lake-street-varsity-lakes-qld-4227">COMO</a> will comprise 156 apartments across 16 levels, comprising one-, two- and three-bedroom residences designed for modern living. However, it is the project’s rooftop amenity offering that sets COMO apart.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=135546 project_image_fid=363510]

Designed as a dedicated wellness and recreation hub, the rooftop will feature a 25-metre lap pool, fully equipped gymnasium, and multiple pickleball and paddleball courts - amenities rarely seen in boutique apartment projects.

Residents will also have access to a sauna and plunge baths, while landscaped gardens and relaxation zones will provide tranquil spaces overlooking sweeping panoramic views across the Gold Coast skyline.

The rooftop precinct has been designed to function as the social and wellness heart of the development, encouraging residents to embrace an active, balanced lifestyle within their own building.

&nbsp;

[smartcode_project:default project_id=135546 project_image_fid=363512]

Red &amp; Co director David Laverty said the amenity offering was central to the project’s design from the outset.

“Amenities were at the forefront of our decisions,” Laverty said.

“Buyers today are looking for more than just an apartment - they want a lifestyle that promotes health, connection and balance.

“The rooftop at COMO has been designed to be the epicentre of that lifestyle, with a suite of wellness and recreation facilities that are quite unique for a boutique development of this scale.”

&nbsp;

[smartcode_project:default project_id=135546 project_image_fid=363514]

Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/bda-architecture">BDA Architecture</a>, the residences prioritise liveability, featuring spacious layouts, 2.7-metre ceilings and high-quality finishes throughout.

The development sits beside Bond University, placing residents within walking distance of education, retail and dining options within the vibrant Varsity Lakes precinct, including Robina Town Centre, Varsity Lakes Train Station and a range of leading schools.

[smartcode_project:default project_id=135546 project_image_fid=363511]

Laverty said the location was a key driver behind Red &amp; Co’s decision to bring the project to the Gold Coast.

“<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/varsity-lakes-qld-4227">Varsity Lakes</a> was a clear choice for us to invest in as it’s a lifestyle hub that seamlessly blends lakeside living with urbanity,” he said.&nbsp;

“Como will capitalize on this great location, delivering a project that not only creates premium homes, but a lifestyle defined by community, wellbeing, and connectivity.”

Red &amp; Co has delivered more than 500 apartments and townhouses across 26 projects in Brisbane in recent years, with COMO marking the company’s first major Gold Coast development.

[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=135546]

Red & Co unveils amenity-rich Como development in Varsity Lakes

Office Investment

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Sentinel Property Group has purchased a fully leased office building in Cairns for $8.5 million, marking its second investment in the North Queensland city.
The 139 Grafton Street property comprises a four-level commercial office building with a total net lettable area of 2,453 sqm.
The property is fully leased to two tenants, Queensland Health on a new five-year lease expiring in 2022, and a well-established medical office.
Sentinel purchased DFO Cairns retail complex last year. Its property portfolio in North and Central Queensland comprises a free-standing Big W in Atherton, a neighbourhood shopping centre and industrial property in Townsville, the Port of Airlie Maritime Terminal at Airlie Beach, two neighbourhood shopping centres in Emerald and seven retail, industrial, office and land holdings in Mackay.
Sentinel managing director Warren Ebert said the Grafton Street property was underpinned by solid government tenants and is well positioned within the Cairns CBD.
“Cairns is a market that we know very well and has been a major focus for us in successfully turning around the DFO Cairns centre over the past year through continual improvements and investment,” Ebert said.
The Brisbane-based group says it has confidence in the North Queensland economy and its future growth prospects.
“We see a lot of upside in the Cairns market on the back of its resurgent tourism sector and more than $20 billion of planned infrastructure and development projects that will drive further tourism and economic growth.”
These projects include the expansion of the Cairns airport, upgrade of the Port of Cairns, the Ella Bay Integrated Resort Development and Rio Tinto’s Amrun Bauxite Project among others.
The Cairns office property is the sixth asset for the Sentinel Regional Office Trust, which since October 2016 has acquired more than $188 million of properties nationally. The Sentinel Regional Office Trust has a current net distribution of 9.50% pa (paid monthly).
Its other assets include office buildings in Darwin and Casuarina in the Northern Territory, an office property on the fringe of the Brisbane CBD, and office properties in Port Macquarie and Newcastle in New South Wales.
Ebert said the Trust would continue to look at more office acquisitions in regional locations.
“We have a number of further regional office acquisitions in the pipeline, providing diversity of income both geographically and by tenant, in line with our proven opportunistic buying strategy in sectors and locations yet to be fully identified by others.”
Sentinel Property Group has a total national portfolio of more than 40 retail, industrial, office, land, tourism infrastructure and agribusiness assets across Australia with a total value that is more than $1 billion.
Late in 2016, the group purchased the Port Hedland Boulevard Shopping Centre in Western Australia for $17.6 million from a private vendor.
It said the company has sold a total of 15 properties for $306.46 million at an average Internal Rate of Return of 26.60% across its national portfolio since its inception in 2010.
 
 
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jonathanchancellor-7SQnKwU6yx

Sentinel acquires Cairns office asset with government tenant for $8.5 million

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The returns from Australian office assets in 2016 were well above the historical benchmark, according to a new report by leading property services firm JLL.
Investors are now accepting that returns for core real estate will be broadly between 6.50 percent and 8 percent, said the Australian Office Investment Review and Outlook. 
Investor mandates were more diverse in 2016, with a movement of capital into suburban office markets due to the positive market fundamentals. 
JLL recorded $5.1 billion of transactions across non-CBD office markets, or 37 percent of total office sales in 2016. Historically, suburban markets have only accounted for around 30 percent of transaction volumes per annum.
Head of Office Investments – Australia, Rob Sewell said the firm’s analysis is pointing to another good year of returns for the Australian office market after 2016 levels were above historical benchmarks. 
“Investment mandates are diverse and over the first part of 2017 we have capital ready to be deployed across the risk spectrum,” said Sewell. 
JLL’s area-weighted Total Return Index (TRI) for CBD office markets increased by 12.6 percent in 2016. 
“We are currently in the midst of an unprecedented liquidity cycle, which is being expressed both by high levels of transaction volumes and the number of bidders on major assets.
“Total office volumes last year were curtailed by a lack of available product. Nevertheless, 2016 still ranked as the third highest year of record for volumes at $14.46 billion. The number of under-bidders on campaigns in 2016 across geographies were at elevated levels.  
<a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2017/04/4/Apr5CommPropChart1.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
 <img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2017/04/4/Apr5CommPropChart1.png" alt="">
He said new pricing levels would increase vendor motivation, while liquidity would create an opportunity to divest large less liquid assets.
Offshore investors accounted for 42 percent of total office transactions in 2016 at $6.19 billion, with Chinese, Singaporean and US investors dominating the market.  
“The Australian office sector remains a beneficiary of the great portfolio tilt to real estate and the Asia Pacific region,” said JLL’s head of International Investments – Australia, Simon Storry.
“Our review of the spread between target and current allocations by offshore investors shows potential sources of capital in 2017 include South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore and Germany,” said Storry.
<a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/images/2017/04/4/Apr5CommPropChart2.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="https://www.urban.com.au/images/2017/04/4/Apr5CommPropChart2.png" alt=""> 
JLL’s Australian head of Research, Andrew Ballantyne said investors navigating the Australian office investment landscape have opportunities to satisfy diverse mandates. 
“Sydney and Melbourne can be classified as the high growth markets. Asset pricing is reflective of the strong rental growth outlook with prime net effective rents projected to rise by 34.9 percent in the Sydney CBD and by 18.7 percent in the Melbourne CBD from 2017 to 2019.”
“Brisbane and Perth offer counter-cyclical opportunities and are considered to the cheap side of fair value markets. Yield spreads to Sydney and Melbourne have widened beyond historical benchmarks and new sources of capital are exploring opportunities to gain exposure to a potential market recovery.
“Real estate investors have shown a bias for low risk assets. Adelaide and Canberra are the epitome of low risk with the volatility of returns typically lower through the cycle,” concluded Ballantyne. 
 
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Australian office investment returns above historical benchmark: JLL

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Increasing capital flows into Australia's major office markets in 2016 has resulted in competition for quality assets heating up, with property experts predicting continued yield compression and rising sales volumes in the second half of the year.
Competition for prime metropolitan office investments in the eastern seaboard markets of Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane is rising among large offshore investors, according to Colliers International research.
The biggest jump in metropolitan office investment volumes to date in 2016 has been recorded in New South Wales, with $2.3 billion of sales recorded in Sydney’s metropolitan market year-to-date compared to $1.8 billion in the Sydney CBD. 
“Whilst there is still healthy investor appetite for CBD assets with four months to run in the calendar year, the narrowing gap between CBD and metro investor volumes points to increasing attention being paid to non-CBD office assets,” said John Marasco, Colliers International managing director of Capital Markets &amp; Investment Services.
“Analysis of sales volumes in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane, when comparing metro office to CBD office markets, sees investment levels weighted towards CBD markets. However, as CBD office yields have compressed sharply, capital has begun to shift to metropolitan office investment in 2016.
“The focus and competition for prime office grades is moving into the metro markets. The recent tussle for control of GPT’s metropolitan office fund, which contained seven A Grade fully leased assets, is a sign of the sentiment to come for securely leased, high quality metropolitan assets, which is likely to lead to a further sharpening of yields.”
<a href="/images/2016/09/12/OfficepropFundamentals.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
<img src="/images/2016/09/12/OfficepropFundamentals.png" alt="">
 Luke Dixon, Colliers International director of Research, said the combination of lower vacancy, falling supply and higher total returns would typically correspond with a similar fall in initial yields and tight pricing. However, in the case of A Grade metropolitan office, yields had remained firmly higher relative to their CBD counterparts and compressed at a slower rate over the past three years. 
“CBD A Grade yields have compressed by over 120 basis points across the east coast, whereas east coast metropolitan A Grade yields only compressed by 60 basis points,” he said. 
“A significant factor in the strong performance of A Grade CBD yields has been the volume of domestic and offshore capital pursuing opportunities. 
“Enquiry volumes for investment sales of CBD assets, is almost double that seen in metropolitan sales campaigns. This weight of capital can in part can be explained by the volume of stock available between the two markets. 
“A Grade office in the Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane accounts for a total of 11.7 million square meters versus 6 million square meters in their metropolitan counterparts, reducing the available pool of assets for investors.
<a href="/images/2016/09/12/MetrovsCBD.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
 <img src="/images/2016/09/12/MetrovsCBD.png" alt="">
“CBD ownership is highly concentrated amongst institutional owners, with over 50% of Premium and A Grade CBD stock owned by longer term investors such as super funds, REITs and wholesale funds. Metropolitan markets are more diverse in their ownership, with higher numbers of private investors who may be more motivated to sell as investor demand for high quality metropolitan office assets increases”.
“However, the sharp compression of CBD office yields has seen capital begin to shift to metropolitan office in 2016.”
A comparison of offshore and domestic transactions in these key metropolitan office markets points to momentum tipping back towards offshore investors in 2016. Significant metropolitan transactions year to date have been led by offshore investors such as Deutsche Bank, Ascendas and Blackrock.
“Total investment volumes are still heavily skewed towards domestic investors, with local knowledge and teams on the ground giving them a strategic edge on offshore competitors,” Marasco said. “However, with the increasing maturity of Asia Pacific and European investors in the Australian market we anticipate rising levels of offshore interest in the medium term.”
“Yield spreads will prove too attractive, and metropolitan spreads relative to CBD spreads will narrow under the weight of increasing investment.
“Based on the rising volume of investment sales in metropolitan office markets, and strong fundamentals supporting rental growth and valuation uplift, we anticipate strong investor activity in the metropolitan office market resulting in capital rates across these markets compressing sharply over the next 12 to 18 months.”
<a href="/images/2016/09/12/MetrovsCBDoutlook.png" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a>
 <img src="/images/2016/09/12/MetrovsCBDoutlook.png" alt="">
Competitive acquisition conditions in major eastern seaboard markets are already being seen. The recent tussle for control of GPT’s metropolitan office fund, which contained seven A Grade fully leased assets, is a sign of the sentiment to come for securely leased, high quality metropolitan assets. 
According to Colliers International’s new H2 2016 Metro Office Research &amp; Forecast Report, rental growth has been seen in most major metropolitan office markets this year, with demand for space generally improving, resulting in decreased vacancy.
The report found residential conversion remained a key issue in most markets, in particular those markets which were not protected with a commercial zonings.
Residential conversion-driven withdrawal is shrinking the pool of available metropolitan assets,” Dixon said.
 
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Office markets on the eastern seaboard heat up on investment inflows 

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Charter Hall Group's Direct Office Fund (DOF) has launched a new round of equity raising.
DOF is an unlisted property fund chasing Australian office properties and currently offers nine fully leased office buildings in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Perth valued at over $842 million. 
The current distribution yield for the fund is 6.6 percent per annum.
Steven Bennett, fund manager of DOF said the fund is targeting to grow its property portfolio to over $1.2 billion.
“DOF has provided investors with annualised distributions of 7.5 cents per unit paid quarterly plus strong capital growth to date, which is forecast to grow to an annualised 7.75 cents per unit for the year ending 30 June 2017," he said.
"Sydney and Melbourne office markets are forecast to have the highest growth rates and which comprise over 70 percent of the Funds’ assets by value."
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