<p>A first-of-its-kind culinary precinct is coming to <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developments/melrose-park-nsw-2114">Melrose Park</a>, inspired by global street-food flavours and best-in-class restaurants and entertainment.</p>

<p>Deicorp’s emerging mid-city precinct, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/melrose-central-melrose-park-33-hope-street-melrose-park-nsw-2114">Melrose Central</a>, will become the go-to precinct within the wider Melrose Park community, and at its heart, a first-of-its-kind culinary precinct that brings the buzz of Asia’s most iconic food streets to life.</p>

<p>Spanning more than 4,700 sqm, Melrose Central street food precinct is inspired by the energy and vibrant flavours of street-food neighbourhoods from Hong Kong and Tokyo to Seoul and Singapore.</p>

<p>This new destination will be over three times the size of existing offerings like Burwood Chinatown or Westfield Chatswood’s Hawker Lane, positioning Melrose Central as a must-visit dining hub for all of Sydney.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=134220 project_image_fid=289878]</p>

<p>Designed by Anthony Ho of Basalt Studio, this street food concept blurs the lines between culinary theatre, art, and entertainment, offering an immersive experience. Neon-lit laneways thread between open kitchens and live grill stations, while murals, interactive displays, and light installations will bring the precinct to life, trading until late, a first for the area.</p>

<p>“We’ve imagined our street food concept as a graduated evolution of everything people love about Burwood Chinatown, East Village and Regent Place, elevated by the immersive artistry creating a city-style dining offer,” said Bilinda Turner, Head of Retail at Deicorp.</p>

<p>“By curating the very best tenants from across Australia, we’re creating a fit-for-purpose town centre for 2025 and beyond. It’s something that people truly haven’t seen before."</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=134220 project_image_fid=352610]</p>

<p>Melrose Central is far more than a food precinct. Spanning 30,000 sqm across four levels, the shopping centre will be home to approximately 100 retailers, providing a total lifestyle offering from morning until late evening.</p>

<p>Fresh food offerings span a brand new Coles Supermarket, Local Grocer, Korean Supermarket, Bakery and boutique fresh food, as well as a Dan Murphy's, while health needs are covered from a pharmacy, medical centre and allied health. Fitness and wellbeing take centre stage from a dedicated wellbeing hub that includes pilates, recovery, Infrared saunas and a gym, to name a few.</p>

<p>Variety stores will feature throughout, as well as personal care offerings from nail salons to hairdressers, as well as a dedicated early-learning centre on level 1.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=134220 project_image_fid=289888]</p>

<p>Situated above the retail precinct will be 495 Turner Studio-designed apartments that open onto 6,000 sqm of lush podium gardens and rooftop terraces.</p>

<p>Located just six kilometres east of Parramatta’s CBD and 15km from Sydney CBD, Melrose Central forms the retail and lifestyle heart of Melrose Park, an urban-renewal precinct that is set to deliver more than 11,000 homes, 22,000 new residents, and 50,000 sqm of park and open space.</p>

<p>A dedicated stop on Parramatta Light Rail Stage 2 will arrive at the precinct’s Hope Street entrance, and the forthcoming Parramatta Gateway Bridge will link directly to Sydney Olympic Park and Wentworth Point.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Supported by a 10-minute drive, this growing catchment of 200,000 people, which is projected to grow to 279,000 by 2026, and an average household income above the Greater Sydney average, Melrose Central embodies Deicorp’s vision for transport-oriented, community-focused placemaking.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Melrose Central street food precinct and the wider Melrose Central retail town centre are both slated to open in mid-2026.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=134220]</p>


Joel Robinson

Melrose Central: First-of-its-kind culinary precinct coming to Sydney’s West

<p><a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/sekisui-house-australia">Sekisui House Australia</a> has unveiled the fifth and final stage of its $1 billion Norwest community, The Orchards.</p>

<p>The final stage, <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/zeste-at-the-orchards-norwest-104-fairway-drive-norwest-nsw-2153">Zeste</a>, will deliver 209 apartments across two distinctive buildings, Essence and Eden. The 135 apartments in Essence will be the first to be released to the market, which will bring to an end the decade-long vision to create a&nbsp;neighbourhood defined by design excellence, sustainability, and community engagement.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=150510 project_image_fid=351878]</p>

<p>David Lee, Sales Manager at Sekisui House Australia said, Zeste's oversized living spaces and diverse apartment mix, which includes the introduction of&nbsp;Breezeway Sky Homes for the first time, deliver a unique lifestyle offering.</p>

<p>Early purchasers will benefit from exclusive VIP pricing as well as the choice of one premium upgrade, which Lee says is a "thank you" for their commitment to the project.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=150510 project_image_fid=351876]</p>

<p>Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/rothelowman">Rothelowman</a>, Zeste embodies Sekisui House’s global design philosophy of creating harmony between people, homes and nature. Principal Ben Pomroy explained that Zeste is about living within the landscape.</p>

<p>“With two large courtyards, the lagoon pool precinct for the wider community and a central courtyard with pavilion exclusively for Zeste residents, the architecture frames an experience of living in a park," Pomroy said.</p>

<p>“Over 50 per cent of the site is landscaped, ensuring a deep connection to nature at every stage of daily life. The buildings are designed as a collection of smaller, finer-grain forms, with over 85% of apartments enjoying dual aspects.</p>

<p>“The focus on natural ventilation, generous layouts and communal interaction creates a residential environment that is both sustainable and socially connected.”</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=150510 project_image_fid=351886]</p>

<p>Natalie Shalala, a member of Rothelowman’s interiors team said they reimagined the former site’s Orchard homestead with a contemporary twist. &nbsp;</p>

<p>“The design draws on the nostalgia of the past orchard – timber floors, the warmth of a fireplace, the rituals of the homestead and reinvents them for modern apartment living,"&nbsp;Shalala said.</p>

<p>“We have created two tonal palettes, one with pale honey undertones and another with a soft blush inspired by nectar. A highlight feature is the cathedral glass light box, a bespoke design element that re-interprets the classic lantern. It is both beautiful and functional, tying kitchen and bathroom spaces together in a way that feels entirely unique."</p>

<p>Shalala said the&nbsp;day-to-day liveability has been carefully considered, with abundant storage solutions, butler’s pantries, bike storage and joinery designed to simplify routines and enhance comfort.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=150510 project_image_fid=352090]</p>

<p>Apartments in Zeste start from $715,000 for one-bedrooms and extend through to expansive three-bedroom Sky Homes priced from $2.25 million. Floorplans range from 59 sqm to 144sqm.</p>

<p>The mix in Essence comprises 41 one-bedroom, seven one-bedroom + Max space, 39 two-bedroom, 40 two-bedroom Breezeway Sky Homes (24 of which include additional Max spaces), and eight three-bedroom residences.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Max spaces are integrated into select residences, offering a flexible room that can be tailored to individual needs, ideal as a home office, children’s play area, or additional storage.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project:default project_id=150510 project_image_fid=351881]</p>

<p>Zeste continues Sekisui House Australia’s partnership with Altogether Group, providing sustainable water, power and data services to residents. Passive design strategies include cross-ventilation, deep landscaping and water features that encourage evaporative cooling, aligning with The Orchards long-term environmental goals.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Construction is set to commence on the Zeste buildings in early 2026, with completion anticipated in late 2027 to early 2028.&nbsp;</p>

<p>More than 850 apartments have been sold across the masterplan, contributing to The Orchards community of 1,300 apartments when complete.</p>

<p>[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=150510]</p>


Sekisui House Australia launches Zeste, the final stage of its $1 billion Norwest masterplan

<p>A significant addition to the Bella Vista Station Precinct is in the pipeline, with <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/landen-property">Landen</a> formally lodging a State Significant Development Application for a <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/40-memorial-avenue-bella-vista-40-memorial-avenue-nsw-2153">new apartment community on Memorial Avenue</a>.</p>

<p>Positioned beside the Elizabeth Macarthur Creek corridor, the project is among the first major transit-oriented residential proposals within the Metro precinct.</p>

<p>The masterplan, designed by&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/turner-studio">Turner Architects</a>,&nbsp;outlines a four-stage delivery, comprising four buildings between four and fifteen storeys, and includes a mix of one-, two-, and three-bedroom apartments, alongside a limited selection of four-bedroom penthouses and terraces.</p>

<p>The project places a strong emphasis on housing diversity and liveability, with apartment sizes ranging from 50 to 180 sqm. The first stage will deliver 213 dwellings, followed by 231 in the second stage. Construction is expected to commence in 2026, pending approvals.</p>

<p><img alt="Bella Vista Apartments" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="bb3d84b1-d2df-4e26-915a-31b27faf9b1a" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/View02_01-scaled.jpg?VersionId=Gb0AUtZ3VXsLxrqUaw_AwT_vcBwQ_FJu" /></p>

<p>As the first transit-oriented development (TOD) in the precinct, Landen’s Bella Vista community has been designed to align closely with the surrounding Metro infrastructure. The proposal integrates new pedestrian and cycling paths, a new bridge over Elizabeth Macarthur Creek, and direct access to Bella Vista Metro Station.</p>

<p>Lush communal amenities are also central to the design. 'The Grove' and the 'Garden Link' will create landscaped community areas that reflect the area's agricultural heritage and provide direct access to the creekside.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The ‘Garden Patio’ is conceived as a multi-use indoor-outdoor facility offering a gym, study nooks, and communal lounge spaces.&nbsp;Rooftop terraces across the buildings will offer views to the Blue Mountains and Parramatta skyline.</p>

<p><img alt="Bella Vista Apartments" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="778da409-d5cf-4e7d-9ba9-0c36990bf0b4" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/landen-bella-property-image.jpg?VersionId=ukPpmVcHF71xRc7U3MUT5rtGwOsntMMz" /></p>

<p>Landen’s Head of Property, Shane Harding, said the proposal highlights the developer’s precinct-scale ambition.</p>

<p>“As the first TOD proposal in Bella Vista, it highlights Landen’s ability to pioneer precinct-scale projects, integrate housing with infrastructure, and deliver outcomes that align with government priorities,” Harding told the Daily Telegraph.</p>

<p>The project arrives at a time of rapid growth in Western Sydney, with Bella Vista alone forecast to more than double in population by 2046. The development’s location, between the Bella Vista and Kellyville Metro stations, positions it as a connected lifestyle hub for families, professionals and downsizers seeking access to transport, schools, and employment centres.</p>

<p>Pending approval, the development is slated for completion in 2028.</p>


Landen plans 444-apartment community in Bella Vista Metro zone

<p data-end="317" data-start="106">Developer <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/equicentia">Equicentia</a>, together with joint venture partners Wingala Capital and Monark Property Partners, has become the first in Manly to secure Resilience Insurance’s Latent Defects Insurance.</p>

<p data-end="500" data-start="319">The trio has recently launched <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/new-apartments/de-ville-manly-11-victoria-parade-manly-nsw-2095">De Ville</a>, a new luxury project on a long-dormant yet prime site at 9–11 Victoria Parade, positioned between East Esplanade and South Steyne.</p>

<p data-end="500" data-start="319"><img alt="De Ville" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="b2639bb1-d72c-4f28-b4dc-33190655e147" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/Screenshot%202025-10-12%20at%209.38.37%E2%80%AFAM.png?VersionId=orUAk2m2tTKAAasLvZg0IaGQyDaZcKYI" /></p>

<p data-end="767" data-start="502">The site was originally earmarked for a 26-apartment scheme, but following its $25 million acquisition of the near-1,200 sqm parcel, the development team opted for a more refined approach, reducing the yield to just 12 two- and three-bedroom residences across a six-level building.</p>

<p data-end="1118" data-start="769">Among them will be three full-floor penthouses boasting panoramic views across Manly Beach, North Harbour, and the city skyline. The apartments will sit above four ground-floor retail and commercial tenancies, designed to help activate Victoria Parade, an area long defined by its beachside character and interwar brick architecture.</p>

<p><img alt="De Ville" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="d6922f4a-21fb-4a07-8e40-241d594c2538" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/int3.jpg?VersionId=7U1Qw79_YT3bOZKr7.H03JHOFm3QVYlE" /></p>

<p>Designed by <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/platform-architects">Platform Architects</a>, De Ville’s sculpted form takes cues from the ebb and flow of Manly’s dual waterfronts, the ocean to one side and the harbour to the other.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The architecture’s soft curvature and rhythmic vertical brickwork reflect the natural patterns of the tide, while a refined palette of Lohas brick, sandy render and glass detailing allows the building to harmonise with its coastal context.&nbsp; Cascading greenery and deep balconies bring texture and shadow to the facade, reinforcing the building’s connection to nature and the street.</p>

<p>Buyers have a choice of two different colour palettes, Taj Mahal and Brescia Green, each layering soft tones and organic finishes to capture the coastal light.</p>

<p><img alt="De Ville" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="be78b114-88ed-4d33-a4ef-50e14d2f9064" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/int6a.jpg?VersionId=hBrZPvs1L2LwThSatcNMXTg0tltfEn4a" /></p>

<p>De Ville is the first development in Manly to fully protect its buyers with 10-year Latent Defects Insurance offered by Resilience Insurance.</p>

<p>The policy covers buyers for 10-years post-completion of the building, a first-resort cover again&nbsp;major structural or waterproofing defects.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Unlike traditional statutory warranties, which often require complex and lengthy claims processes, LDI ensures that if a covered defect arises, the insurer responds immediately - without the need to prove fault or pursue the builder or developer.</p>

<p>This new model of protection has been gaining traction among forward-thinking developers and financiers alike. For buyers, it offers tangible assurance of quality and accountability; for lenders and insurers, it reflects a measurable reduction in long-term risk.</p>

<p><em>Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/news/what-is-latent-defects-insurance-and-is-it-bringing-confidence-to-the-off-the-plan-apartment-market">What is Latent Defects Insurance and is it bringing confidence to the off the plan apartment market?</a></em></p>

<p>[smartcode_project_cta:default project_id=151559]</p>


Equicentia launches Manly's first new development with 10-year Latent Defects Insurance

<p>The redevelopment of Double Bay's&nbsp;InterContinental Hotel has cleared its final hurdle, with the&nbsp;NSW Government’s Sydney Eastern City Planning Panel giving the $1 billion redevelopment the green light.</p>

<p>Sydney developers Eduard Litver of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/capitel-group">Capitel Group</a> and Allen Linz of <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/developers/rebel-property-group">Rebel Property Group</a>&nbsp;lead the consortium behind the project that will create a new&nbsp;mixed-use lifestyle destination on Cross Street, in the heart of the rapidly revitalising Double Bay village.</p>

<p>Lodged in November 2024, the DA was approved in under 12 months, marking a major milestone for one of Sydney’s most significant and historically rich village precincts.</p>

<p>The approval enables the demolition of the existing six-storey hotel and the construction of a new eight-storey <a href="https://www.apartments.com.au/architects/cox-architecture">COX Architecture</a>-designed landmark building featuring high-end retail and dining, boutique accommodation, commercial offices, a wellness centre, a limited collection of luxury residences along with public domain improvements.</p>

<p><img alt="33 Cross Street, Double Bay" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="3b0ca753-2941-4e77-a6ac-5701087ac4e5" src="https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/www.urban.com.au/s3fs-public/inline-images/courtyard_intercontinental_double_bay_3D_render_by_VV.jpg?VersionId=18DBOpXgtpob.oZfYSeLgjSCQEgmaCpg" /></p>

<p>Rebel Property Group Managing Director Allen Linz said the approval was the culmination of a collaborative and constructive planning process.</p>

<p>“We welcome Woollahra Municipal Council’s decision and thank them for its constructive and professional approach,” Linz said.</p>

<p>“This approval marks a major milestone for Double Bay and reflects a shared commitment to see the village continue to evolve. We look forward to contributing something that will enrich the community and strengthen its appeal as Sydney’s premier harbourside destination.”</p>

<p>Capitel Group Managing Director Eduard Litver said the project would make a lasting contribution to Double Bay’s future.</p>

<p>“This site has long been part of Double Bay’s identity, and this approval allows it to play an even greater role in the community’s future,” Litver said.</p>

<p>“The project will deliver new retail and hospitality spaces that support local life and business, contributing to the ongoing vitality of the village.”</p>

<p>Having led the project team on behalf of the owner consortium throughout the planning and approval process, Metis Group Director Arian Galanis said the focus now turns to delivery.</p>

<p>“With the project now green lighted, our focus turns to delivery,” Galanis said.</p>

<p>“We’re working closely with the design and consultant teams to bring the vision for 33 Cross Street to life. We’re excited to deliver a project of enduring quality that will stand as a benchmark for mixed-use, lifestyle-led development in Sydney.”</p>


$1 billion InterContinental Hotel, Double Bay, approved for mixed-use redevelopment

Monetary Policy

Last week we received further confirmation that the Australian economy is recovering well, and better than expected

The recovery, investment and monetary policy of Australia: RBA's Philip Lowe

<html><body>
<div>Australia's banks are mostly funded by domestic deposit these days, at nearly 60 percent of their funding composition.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Equity accounts for a fair share of the remainder too. </div>
<div> </div>
<div>But what about their debt funding costs?</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Last week's Statement on Monetary Policy took a short look at this. </div>
<div> </div>
<div>And the answer is that debt funding costs have kept on falling in 2016.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>And what's more they will continue to do so in the near future. </div>
<div> </div>
<div><a href="/images/2016/11/07/RBA1.jpg" target="_blank">Click to enlarge</a></div>
<div> </div>
<div class="separator"><img src="/images/2016/11/07/RBA1.jpg" alt=""></div>
<div class="separator"> </div>
<div><span>After cuts to the cash rate May and August, the major banks’ debt funding costs also declined. </span></div>
<div><span> </span></div>
<div><span>The cost of short-term debt is now under 2 per cent (down from well above 6 per cent in 2007).</span></div>
<div><span> </span></div>
<div><span>Meanwhile, the marginal cost of long-term debt is a bit above 3 per cent.</span></div>
<div><span> </span></div>
<div><span>It is true that since the beginning of the year, these costs have declined by a little less than the cash rate.</span></div>
<div><span> </span></div>
<div><span>This was mainly because of changes to term deposit rates. </span></div>
<div><span> </span></div>
<div><span>But overall the difference was not material.</span></div>
<div><span> </span></div>
<div><span>And now funding costs are expected to fall further, since the cost of new wholesale debt remains below the cost of outstanding debt. </span></div>
<div><span> </span></div>
<div>
<div>
<p><span><em>PETE WARGENT is the co-founder of <a href="https://allenwargent.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">AllenWargent</a> property buyers (London, Sydney) and a best-selling author and <a href="https://petewargent.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">blogger</a>.</em><br></span></p>
<p><em>His latest book is <a href="https://www.bigskypublishing.com.au/Books/General-Interest/Four-Green-Houses--and-a-Red-Hotel/1015/productview.aspx" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Four Green Houses and a Red Hotel</a>.</em></p>
<p><em> </em></p>
</div>
</div>
</body></html>

pwargent-M4siyDbqQY

Funding costs keep falling: Pete Wargent

<html><body>
<p>EXPERT OBSERVATION</p>
<p>In its quarterly statement on monetary policy, released today, the Reserve Bank of Australia declared its preparedness to “ease monetary policy further if needed”.</p>
<p>This suggests the bank still thinks monetary policy – in this case lowering interest rates to stimulate the economy – could help “support sustainable growth in the economy, full employment and the achievement of the medium-term inflation target”.</p>
<p>But in the wake of the bank last month lowering the official interest rate to a record low and the current somewhat sad state of the Australian economy, <a href="https://www.afr.com/policy/economy/monetary-policy-has-run-its-race-costello-20191015-p530ys" target="_blank">many commentators</a> have speculated that <a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/monetary-policy/" target="_blank">monetary policy</a> doesn’t work any more.</p>
<p><strong>Is that right?</strong></p>
<p>Reserve Bank cash rate</p>
<p><a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/294952/original/file-20191001-173393-1b2cjw9.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/294952/original/file-20191001-173393-1b2cjw9.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip" alt=""></a></p>
<p><a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/statistics/cash-rate/" target="_blank">Source: RBA</a></p>
<p>There are a number of variants of the “monetary policy doesn’t work” argument. The most basic is that the Reserve Bank has this year cut rates from 1.50% to 0.75% without any improvement to the Australian economy.</p>
<p>This is a textbook example of one of the classic logic fallacies known as “<a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/fallacy#ref1102390" target="_blank">post hoc ergo propter hoc</a>” (from the Latin, meaning “after this, therefore because of this”).</p>
<p>Put simply, it assumes the rate cuts have had no effect and doesn’t account for the possibility things might have been worse had there been no cuts.</p>
<p>Things might have been even worse. We’ll never know.</p>
<p>It also ignores what might have happened if the RBA had cut sooner. Again, we can’t know for sure. It is possible, though, to make an educated guess.</p>
<p><strong>When to cut rates</strong></p>
<p>Had Reserve Bank governor Philip Lowe acted, say, 18 months earlier to cut rates, he would have signalled that Gross Domestic Product growth was indeed lower than desired, that the sustainable rate of unemployment was more like 4.5% than 5%, and, most importantly, that he understood the need to act decisively.</p>
<p>That would have sent a powerful signal.</p>
<p>It would also have ameliorated the huge decline in housing credit that pushed down housing prices in Sydney and Melbourne by double digits.</p>
<p>That, in turn, would have prevented some of the weakening in the balance sheets of the big four banks that has occurred (witness this annual general meeting season).</p>
<p>All of this would have pumped more liquidity into the economy and put households in a much stronger position, likely leading to stronger consumer spending than we have seen.</p>
<p><strong>Bank pass through</strong></p>
<p>One gripe both the Reserve Bank governor Philip Lowe and federal treasurer Josh Frydenberg have had with the banks is their <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-10-14/josh-frydenberg-asks-accc-to-investigate-banking-sector/11598614" target="_blank">failure to fully pass through the RBA cuts</a>.</p>
<p><a href="https://theconversation.com/four-questions-about-mortgages-the-accc-inquiry-should-put-to-the-big-four-banks-125224" target="_blank">It is true there is a problem</a> with banks not being able to cut deposit rates below zero, and as a result having less scope to cut mortgage rates, which are majority funded from deposits.</p>
<p>But there are, of course, other ways monetary policy can work. The leading example is quantitative easing (QE).</p>
<p>This is where the central bank pushes down long-term interest rates by buying government and corporate bonds. At the same time this expands the money supply, thereby adding some upward inflationary pressure.</p>
<p>There is <a href="https://theconversation.com/below-zero-is-reverse-how-the-reserve-bank-would-make-quantitative-easing-work-118843" target="_blank">little reason</a> to think such measures wouldn’t work.</p>
<p><strong>The power of free money</strong></p>
<p>Perhaps paradoxically, the closer interest rates get to zero the more powerful those rates may end up being.</p>
<p>To put it bluntly, if someone shoves a pile of money into your hand and asks almost nothing in return, you’re likely to use it. In fact, you would be pretty silly not to.</p>
<p>Suppose your mortgage rate really goes to zero – as <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-13/european-central-bank-ecb-cut-rates-negative-record-low/11508704" target="_blank">has happened in Europe</a>.</p>
<p>You might decide to redraw that and spend the money on a home renovation or some other productive purpose. Or you might decide to buy a more expensive house.</p>
<p>Such spending provides an economic boost.</p>
<p>The effect is all the more pronounced if people expect interest rates to be low for a long period of time. Aggressive cutting coupled with quantitative easing – which lowers long-term rates – signal just that.</p>
<p><strong>But not only monetary policy</strong></p>
<p>Just because monetary policy still has some effect at near-zero rates doesn’t mean we should pin all of our economic hopes to it.</p>
<p>A near consensus of economists have argued repeatedly for the use of more aggressive fiscal policy – including more infrastructure spending and more tax cuts.</p>
<p>Indeed, Philip Lowe has raised eyebrows by <a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2019/sp-gov-2019-08-09" target="_blank">speaking so forthrightly</a> on this issue. That doesn’t make him wrong, though.</p>
<p>There is little doubt the Reserve Bank should have acted much earlier to cut official interest rates. There is also a very good chance it will need to begin to use other measures such as quantitative easing in the relatively near future.</p>
<p>All of that says the Australian economy, like most advanced economies around the world, is in bad shape.</p>
<p>But it doesn’t mean monetary policy has completely run out of puff.<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/126579/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1"></p>
<p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/richard-holden-118107" target="_blank">Richard Holden</a>, Professor of Economics, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/unsw-1414" target="_blank">UNSW</a></p>
<p>This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com" target="_blank">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/vital-signs-does-monetary-policy-work-any-more-126579" target="_blank">original article</a>.</p>
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Does monetary policy work any more?

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<p>EXPERT OBSERVER</p>
<p>The Reserve Bank has released its quarterly Statement on Monetary Policy (SMP). The two key areas of most interest in the Statement are around further policy insights and the RBA’s growth, unemployment and inflation outlook.</p>
<p>The discussion on policy was particularly interesting. The Overview for the Statement, which we expect largely reflects the Governor’s own views, provides the most open analysis of policy options that we have seen. In outlining the policy decision in October, the Overview noted “the Board was mindful that rates were already very low and that each further cut brings closer the point at which other policy options come into play”. This represents a more open approach to the discussion around unconventional policies. To date, that discussion has been characterised by comments such as “unlikely”, whereas this wording indicates almost an automatic move from cash rate policy to other policy options. To be sure, there is no firm commitment to move in that direction but the wording indicates that such a transition to other options may be considered to be a normal approach to policy.</p>
<p>Other issues around a very low cash rate, including that it may “unintentionally convey an overly negative view of the economic outlook” and “the usual channels of policy transmission might be less effective”, also signal that the cash rate cut cycle is nearing an end. That said, lower rates are seen as having some impact. Indeed, the usual channels of lower exchange rate and boosting household disposable income are pointed out. However, a new channel, “higher asset prices”, has been added to the list. Arguably, given that Sydney and Melbourne house prices bottomed out in May, the June and July rate cuts played a significant role in turning those markets. It is of some interest that the SMP highlights this channel as a constructive aspect of interest rate policy.</p>
<p>Commentary on the current policy position signals that rates are almost certain to remain on hold at the December Board meeting. Since the decision in November was part of a plan to allow time to assess the effects of the recent easing of monetary policy as well as global developments, no doubt the RBA’s observation that the low point in global pessimism may have passed is an important aspect of the current policy standing.</p>
<p>On balance, Westpac believes that its assessment that with the unemployment rate still well above the RBA’s target (4.5%) and the RBA seeing that there is a balance between the benefits and costs of lower rates, our view that 0.5% is the effective lower bound and that some transition to unconventional policies is likely is supported by this SMP.</p>
<p>The second point of interest in the SMP is around the RBA’s forecasts. As we anticipated in our preview to this SMP, the key growth forecasts for 2020 of 2.8% which was adopted in August, has been retained in this SMP. That is much higher than Westpac’s forecast of 2.4%. Surprisingly, the forecast in November includes a more optimistic outlook for dwelling construction for 2020 (-2.6%, upgraded from -3.3%) and business investment (+6.2% upgraded from +5.8%). Partially offsetting that more optimistic view is the lowering in growth of public demand from +3.2% to +2.9%. These forecasts for 2020 contrasts with Westpac’s forecast of 2.4% for GDP growth, -6% for dwelling investment, and +2.8% for business investment. Overall, Westpac’s forecast for growth in GNE of 2.3% in 2020 compares to 2.8% from the RBA. Looking further out, the RBA has retained its optimistic growth forecast for 2021 of 3.1% compared to our forecast of 2.7% with a substantial part of the difference being explained by the RBA seeing a much more rapid recovery in the dwelling investment cycle.</p>
<p>This substantial difference between Westpac and the RBA on the construction cycle partly hinges around the link between established house prices and construction activity. Furthermore, even the RBA points out that the current expected pipeline of construction may be overstating actual activity.</p>
<p>There have been some modest downward revisions to the inflation and wages outlook. Even though the unemployment rate profile of 5.2% in December 2020 and 4.9% by December 2021 is unchanged from August, wages growth for December 2021 has been cut from 2.4% to 2.3% (“wages growth is no longer expected to pick up”) and growth in the trimmed mean inflation measure has been cut from 2.1% to 1.9%. It must be particularly uncomfortable for the RBA to be forecasting that underlying and headline inflation will remain below the bottom of the 2-3% target band right out into 2021.</p>
<p>Readers will be aware that on November 6, Westpac advocated the bringing forward of the legislated personal income tax cuts, which had been timed for June 2022, to June 2020 and June 2021 (evenly distributed). If the Federal Government were to take up that policy option, then Westpac’s forecasts for consumer spending, housing activity and business investment will be lifted.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
<p>The November SMP provides the clearest insight yet into the RBA’s thinking about policy in 2020. The acceptance that, after rates reach a certain threshold, other policy options “might come into play” is quite significant. The recognition that asset prices are an additional channel of monetary policy and are assessed to be a positive channel is also important.</p>
<p>The overview of the RBA’s growth outlook, while largely unchanged from August, still appears to be overly optimistic, particularly around the residential construction cycle and business investment. On the other hand, the downbeat view on wages, inflation and the unemployment rate make it clear that the RBA does not believe that its job is done and so we can expect further policy action from the RBA in 2020. Westpac continues to expect the RBA to cut to 0.50% in February 2020 and to move to unconventional policies at an appropriate time.</p>
<p><em><strong>BILL EVANS</strong> is the Chief Economist at Westpac</em></p>
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RBA openly discusses the risks from very low rates: Bill Evans

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How the global picture affects the economic outlook and monetary policy: RBA Governor Philip Lowe

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<div class="column"><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">GUEST OBSERVATION</span></div>
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<p><span>The Minutes from the RBA’s July board meeting contained little new indication on the evolution of monetary policy, although they suggest that the Bank continues to holds a mild easing bias.</span></p>
<span style="line-height: 1.3em;">The points of interest in the Minutes were around Q2 growth and the labour market:</span>
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<li><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">On the labour market, the Board noted the recent improvement in the data. They did, however, note that softer population growth had helped to keep a lid on the unemployment rate despite below-average growth in GDP, with workers leaving the mining states of Queensland and Western Australia where growth is weakest. They also noted the mixed outlook for labour demand indicated by the various forward indicators. These comments suggest to us that while the Bank would clearly be pleased if the peak in the unemployment rate does not prove to be as high as previously thought, it seems unlikely to change its view that the unemployment rate is likely to stay elevated for some time.</span></li>
<li><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">On growth, the Minutes noted that the strength in Q1 (when GDP rose a solid 0.9% q/q) had not carried through to Q2. The monthly trade data suggest resources exports declined in the quarter (our preliminary calculations point to a small net exports subtraction) while non-mining business investment remains subdued. They did, however, point out the improvement in recent months in business conditions (note that conditions have improved further since this meeting).</span></li>
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<p><span>The comments on the currency were broadly unchanged with members noting that “further depreciation seemed both likely and necessary”.</span></p>
<p><span>Of more interest will be Governor Glenn Stevens’ speech tomorrow which is on the topic of ‘Issues in economic policy’. Given his recent rhetoric, we think he is likely to reiterate or expand on issues on monetary policy transmission and the government’s role in infrastructure spending.</span></p>
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<p><span>The full text of the Minutes can be found <a href="https://www.rba.gov.au/monetary-policy/rba-board-minutes/2015/2015-07-07"><span>here</span></a>. </span></p>
<p><span>Felicity Emmett is co-head of Australian economics, ANZ Research and can be contacted <a href="https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/https://au.linkedin.com/pub/felicity-emmett/5a/3ba/256"><span>here</span></a>.</span></p>
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